EN 474-3:2022
(Main)Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 3: Requirements for loaders
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 3: Requirements for loaders
This document together with EN 474 1:2022 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to loaders when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A) associated with the whole lifetime of the machine as described in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in EN 474 1:2022. This document does not repeat the requirements of EN 474 1:2022 but supplements or modifies the requirements for loaders.
This document does not provide requirements for main electrical circuits and drives of machinery when the primary source of energy is an external electrical supply.
This document does not provide performance requirements for safety related functions of control system(s).
The following significant and relevant hazards are not covered in this document:
— Laser;
— Lightning.
This document does not deal with towing of trailers.
This document does not deal with demolition machinery.
This part also deals with fork application, log handling application, single heavy object handling application and lifting operation application.
This document is not applicable to loaders which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
NOTE For travelling on public roads, national traffic regulations apply (e.g. braking, steering, lighting, towing, etc.) until harmonized requirements are available.
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 3: Anforderungen an Lader
Dieses Dokument behandelt zusammen mit EN 474 1:2022 alle signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und ‑ereignisse von Ladern, wenn diese bestimmungsgemäß verwendet werden sowie unter den vernünftigerweise vom Hersteller vorhersehbaren Fehlanwendungen (siehe Anhang A) für die gesamte Lebensdauer der Maschine wie in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, beschrieben betrieben werden.
Die Anforderungen dieses Dokuments gelten ergänzend zu den allgemeinen Anforderungen in EN 474 1:2022. Dieses Dokument wiederholt nicht die Anforderungen aus EN 474 1:2022, sondern ergänzt oder ändert diese für den Einsatz von Ladern.
Dieses Dokument enthält keine Anforderungen an den Hauptstromkreis und den Antrieb, wenn die primäre Energiequelle eine externe Stromversorgung ist.
Dieses Dokument enthält keine Leistungsanforderungen an Sicherheitsfunktionen von Steuerungssystemen.
Die folgenden signifikanten und relevanten Gefährdungen werden in diesem Dokument nicht behandelt:
— Laserstrahlung;
— Blitzschlag.
Dieses Dokument behandelt nicht das Ziehen von Anhängern.
Dieses Dokument behandelt keine Abrissmaschinen.
Dieser Teil behandelt auch den Einsatz mit Gabelzinken, den Einsatz mit Baumklammer, den Einsatz mit schweren Einzellasten und den Hebebetrieb.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anwendbar für Lader, die vor der Veröffentlichung dieses Dokuments durch CEN hergestellt wurden.
ANMERKUNG Für das Fahren auf öffentlichen Straßen gelten die nationalen Straßenverkehrsordnungen (z. B. Bremsen, Lenken, Beleuchtung, Abschleppen usw.), bis harmonisierte Anforderungen verfügbar sind.
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 3 : Prescriptions applicables aux chargeuses
Le présent document associé à l’EN 474-1:2022 traite de tous les phénomènes dangereux significatifs, situations dangereuses et événements se rapportant aux chargeuses, lorsqu'elles sont utilisées normalement et dans les conditions prévues, mais en tenant également compte des mauvais usages raisonnablement prévisibles (voir Annexe A), associés à toute la durée de vie de l'engin, comme décrit dans l'EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
Les prescriptions du présent document viennent en complément des prescriptions communes présentées dans l’EN 474 1:2022. Le présent document ne répète pas les prescriptions de l’EN 474 1:2022 mais complète ou modifie les prescriptions pour les chargeuses.
Le présent document ne spécifie aucune prescription relative aux circuits électriques principaux et aux commandes des engins lorsque la principale source d'énergie est une alimentation électrique externe.
Le présent document ne spécifie aucune prescription de performance relative aux fonctions de sécurité du (des) système(s) de commande.
Les phénomènes dangereux significatifs et pertinents suivants ne sont pas couverts par le présent document :
— laser ;
— foudre.
Le présent document ne traite pas des remorques attelées à un véhicule.
Le présent document ne traite pas des engins de démolition.
La présente partie traite également de l'utilisation avec fourches, en manutention de grumes, en manutention d'objets unitaires lourds et en opérations de levage.
Le présent document n'est pas applicable aux chargeuses fabriquées avant la date de publication du présent document par le CEN.
NOTE Pour la circulation sur les voies publiques, les codes de la route nationaux s'appliquent (par exemple, freinage, conduite, éclairage, attelage) tant que des prescriptions harmonisées ne sont pas disponibles.
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 3. del: Zahteve za nakladalnike
Ta dokument skupaj s 1. delom obravnava vsa večja tveganja za stroje za zemeljska dela – nakladalnike, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu s predvidenim namenom in pod pogoji pričakovane nepravilne uporabe, ki jih določa proizvajalec, v zvezi s celotno življenjsko dobo stroja (glej točko 4).
Zahteve iz tega dela dopolnjujejo splošne zahteve iz standarda
prEN 474-1. Ta dokument ne navaja ponovno zahtev iz standarda prEN 474-1, temveč dodaja ali nadomešča zahteve za uporabo strojev za zemeljska dela – nakladalnikov.
Ta del obravnava tudi uporabo vilic, rokovanje s težkim predmetom ter rokovanje s predmeti in hlodi.
Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za hidravlične bagre, izdelane pred datumom izdaje tega evropskega standarda s strani Evropskega odbora za standardizacijo (CEN).
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 474-3:2007+A1:2009
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 3. del: Zahteve za nakladalnike
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 3: Requirements for loaders
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 3: Anforderungen für Lader
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 3 : Prescriptions applicables aux chargeuses
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 474-3:2022
ICS:
53.100 Stroji za zemeljska dela Earth-moving machinery
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 474-3
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN 474-3:2006+A1:2009
English Version
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 3: Requirements
for loaders
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 3 : Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 3: Anforderungen
Prescriptions applicables aux chargeuses für Lader
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 February 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 474-3:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 9
4.1 General . 9
4.2 Operator’s station . 9
4.3 Seat . 9
4.4 Operator’s controls and indicators . 9
4.5 Protectives measures and devices . 10
4.6 Stability . 10
4.7 Lifting operation . 13
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 13
6 Information for use . 14
6.1 General . 14
6.2 Machine safety labels . 14
6.3 Operator's manual . 15
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards . 16
Annex B (normative) Telescopic loaders . 21
B.1 General . 21
B.2 Stability . 21
B.3 Limitation of stroke . 25
B.4 Verification of LLMI and LLMC. 25
B.5 Information for use . 25
B.6 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 27
Annex C (informative) Illustrations . 29
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC machinery, and amending Directive
95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157] aimed to be covered . 32
Bibliography . 37
European foreword
This document (EN 474-3:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction
equipment and building material machines - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2022, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 474-3:2006+A1:2009.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
For bibliographic references, see EN 474-1:2022.
EN 474 “Earth-moving machinery — Safety” comprises the following parts:
— Part 1: General requirements
— Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers
— Part 3: Requirements for loaders
— Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders
— Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
— Part 6: Requirements for dumpers
— Part 7: Requirements for scrapers
— Part 8: Requirements for graders
— Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers
— Part 10: Requirements for trenchers
— Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors
— Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators
— Part 13: Requirements for rollers
This document is intended for use in combination with part 1 of the series.
The main differences between this document and EN 474-3:2006+A1:2009 are as follows:
a) safety-related functions of control systems (excluded);
b) normative references (updated);
c) safety requirements and information for use for telescopic loaders (Annex B) (added);
d) verification methods table (Clause 5) (added);
e) list of significant hazards (Annex A) (updated);
f) Annex ZA (updated).
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
1 Scope
This document together with EN 474-1:2022 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and
events relevant to loaders when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are
reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A) associated with the whole lifetime of the
machine as described in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in
EN 474-1:2022. This document does not repeat the requirements of EN 474-1:2022 but supplements or
modifies the requirements for loaders.
This document does not provide requirements for main electrical circuits and drives of machinery when
the primary source of energy is an external electrical supply.
This document does not provide performance requirements for safety related functions of control
system(s).
The following significant and relevant hazards are not covered in this document:
— Laser;
— Lightning.
This document does not deal with towing of trailers.
This document does not deal with demolition machinery.
This part also deals with fork application, log handling application, single heavy object handling
application and lifting operation application.
This document is not applicable to loaders which are manufactured before the date of publication of this
document by CEN.
NOTE For travelling on public roads, national traffic regulations apply (e.g. braking, steering, lighting, towing,
etc.) until harmonized requirements are available.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 474-1:2022, Earth-moving machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements
EN 1459-1:2017+A1:2020, Rough-terrain trucks — Safety requirements and verification — Part 1:
Variable reach trucks
EN ISO 3449:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Falling-object protective structures — Laboratory tests
and performance requirements (ISO 3449:2005)
EN ISO 3457:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Guards — Definitions and requirements (ISO 3457:2003)
EN ISO 7096:2020, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration
(ISO 7096:2020)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13851:2019, Safety of machinery — Two-hand control devices — Principles for design and
selection (ISO 13851:2019)
ISO 2330:2002, Fork-lift trucks — Fork arms — Technical characteristics and testing
ISO
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