EN 15002:2006

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2006
Karakterizacija odpadkov – Priprava preskusnih vzorcev iz laboratorijskega vzorca
Characterization of waste - Preparation of test portions from the laboratory sample
Charakterisierung von Abfällen - Herstellung von Prüfmengen aus der
Laboratoriumsprobe
Caractérisation des déchets - Préparation de prises d'essai a partir de l'échantillon pour
laboratoire
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 15002:2006
ICS:
13.030.01 Odpadki na splošno Wastes in general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 15002
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
February 2006
ICS 13.030.01
English Version
Characterization of waste - Preparation of test portions from the
laboratory sample
Caractérisation des déchets - Préparation de prises d'essai Charakterisierung von Abfällen - Herstellung von
à partir de l'échantillon pour laboratoire Prüfmengen aus der Laboratoriumsprobe
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 December 2005.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
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EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
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© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 15002:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction.4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions.6
4 Equipment .8
5 Interferences and sources of error.8
6 Procedure .8
6.1 Key concepts.8
6.2 Sequence of treatment techniques.10
7 Report .12
Annex A (normative) Guideline for choosing sample treatment techniques .13
Annex B (informative) Relationship between minimum amount of (sub-)sample and particle size.27
Annex C (informative) Sample treatment equipment.30
Annex D (informative) Examples for analytical methods .31
Annex E (informative) Examples for preparation of test samples .37
Bibliography.49

Foreword
This European Standard (EN 15002:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 292
“Characterisation of waste”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by August 2006.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Introduction
In laboratory praxis, very often different analytical procedures have to be applied to the laboratory sample that
has been taken according to the sampling plan. For this purpose subsampling has to be applied in a way, that
the different test portions are representative for the original laboratory sample with respect to the compounds
of interest and the specific analytical procedures. The representativity of the laboratory sample and of the test
portions is of major importance to guarantee the quality and accuracy of analytical results. The representativity
of the laboratory sample is specified by the sampling plan. This European Standard specifies the correct
sequence of operations to ensure the representativity of the test portions.
Safety remarks
Anyone dealing with waste and sludge analysis has to be aware of the typical risks of that kind of material
irrespective of the parameter to be determined. Waste and sludge samples may contain hazardous (e.g. toxic,
reactive, flammable and infectious) substances, which can be liable to biological and/or chemical reaction.
Consequently it is recommended that these samples should be handled with special care. The gases that may
be produced by microbiological or chemical activity are potentially flammable and will pressurise sealed
bottles. Bursting bottles are likely to result in hazardous shrapnel, dust and/or aerosol. National regulations
should be followed with respect to all hazards associated with this method.
1 Scope
This European Standard is applicable for the preparation of representative test portions from the laboratory
sample that has been taken according to the sampling plan (EN 14899), prior to physical and/or chemical
analysis (e.g. preparation of eluates, extractions, digestion and/or analytical determinations) of solid and liquid
samples and sludge. It is also applicable for the preparation of test portions from digests and eluates for the
subsequent analyses.
This European Standard is intended to find the correct sequence of operations and treatments to be applied to
the laboratory sample in order to obtain suitable test portions in compliance with the specific requirements
defined in the corresponding analytical procedures.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 11465:1993, Soil quality – Determination of dry matter and water content on a mass basis – Gravimetric
method
ISO 14507:2003, Soil quality — Pretreatment of samples for determination of organic contaminants
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
sample
portion of material selected from a larger quantity of material
3.2
laboratory sample
sample sent to or received by the laboratory
NOTE 1 When the laboratory sample is further prepared (reduced) by subdividing, mixing, grinding, or by combinations
of these operations, the result is the test sample. When no preparation of the laboratory sample is required, the laboratory
sample is the test sample. A test portion is removed from the test sample for the performance of the test or for analysis.
NOTE 2 The laboratory sample is the final sample from the point of view of sample collection but it is the initial sample
from the point of view of the laboratory.
NOTE 3 Several laboratory samples may be prepared and sent to different laboratories or to the same laboratory for
different purposes. When sent to the same laboratory, the set is generally considered as a single laboratory sample and is
documented as a single sample.
3.3
test sample; analytical sample
sample, prepared from the laboratory sample, from which test portions are removed for testing or analysis
3.4
test portion; analytical portion
quantity of material of proper size, for measurement of the concentration or other properties of interest,
removed from the test sample
NOTE The test portion may be taken from the laboratory sample directly if no preparation of sample is required (e. g.
with liquids or samples of proper homogeneity, size and fineness), but usually it is taken from the prepared test sample.
3.5
sub-sample
sample obtained by procedures in which the items of interest are randomly distributed in parts of equal or
unequal size
NOTE A sub-sample may be:
a) portion of the sample obtained by selection or division;
b) the final sample of multistage sample-preparation.
3.6
fraction
sample obtained by procedures from the laboratory sample where the properties of interest may be unequally
distributed
NOTE A fraction may consist of metal pieces, stones etc.
3.7
volatile organic compounds
organic compound having a boiling point below 300 °C (at a pressure of 101 kPa)
NOTE This includes volatile aromatic and volatile halogenated hydrocarbons as determined in accordance with
ISO 15009. Some mono- and dichlorophenols, for instance, and naphthalene also belong to this group.
3.8
moderately volatile organic compounds
organic compound having a boiling point above 300 °C (at a pressure of 101 kPa)
NOTE This definition includes:
a) mineral oil;
b) most polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) (see ISO 13877);
c) polychlorobiphenyls (PCB) (see ISO 10382);
d) organochlorine pesticides (see ISO 10382).
3.9
moderately volatile compounds
sum of moderately volatile organic compounds and volatile inorganic compounds (e.g. mercury, arsenic
cadmium, thallium) that can be lost during sample preparation (e.g. heating)
3.10
homogenisation
process of combining of components, particles or layers into a more homogeneous state of the original
samples (in the case of composite samples) or pre-treated fractions of samples in order to ensure equal
distribution of substances in and properties of the sample
3.11
phase separation; fraction separation
process of dividing components, particles or layers if homogenisation of the sample is practically not
applicable and/or the analysis of different fractions or phases are appropriate
3.12
drying
process of removing water from a sample
NOTE For the purpose of test portion preparation, it may be useful to remove just the amount of water that could
interfere with other processes involved (e.g. during crushing or milling). In order to minimise the alteration of the sample
during test portion preparation, removing the total amount of water present in the sample is not necessarily needed.
3.13
particle size reduction
mechanical friction of the sample by milling, grinding, crushing or cutting
3.14
sub-sampling
process of selecting one or more sub-samples from a sample
4 Equipment
For the purpose of preparation of test portions from the laboratory samples appropriate equipment has to be
chosen depending on the procedures selected according to Annex A.
In the selection of the type of treatment techniques, one should keep in mind that each of them has some
potential impact on analytical results, because it can introduce contamination or alter the physical-chemical
properties of the sample.
All glassware and devices that come in contact with the sample shall be made out of a suitable material,
chemically compatible with the sample, selected in order to minimize contamination of samples (e.g. plastic
materials for inorganic elemental analysis, quartz or glass for volatile and organic analytes). Care shall be
taken to ensure a good cleaning, in order to avoid cross-contamination of samples.
An informative list of appropriate equipment for the sample treatment procedures is given in Annex C.
5 Interferences and sources of error
The (sub)-sample shall be re-homogenised after any operation that may have resulted in segregation of
different sized particles.
Care should be taken to avoid loss of material and contamination of the sample via the air, by dust, by the use
of the apparatus (e.g. from the ambient laboratory atmosphere or between samples stored or processed close
to one another).
Three types of contamination could occur from the apparatus:
 abrasion;
 cross-contamination;
chemical release.

It is recommended to perform treatment of waste material in a separate room used on
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