EN ISO 2080:2022

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 2080:2009
Kovinske in druge anorganske prevleke - Površinska obdelava kovinskih in drugih
anorganskih prevlek - Slovar (ISO 2080:2022)
Metallic and other inorganic coatings - Surface treatment, metallic and other inorganic
coatings - Vocabulary (ISO 2080:2022)
Metallische und andere anorganische Überzüge - Oberflächenbehandlung, metallische
und andere anorganische Überzüge - Wörterbuch (ISO 2080:2022)
Revêtements métalliques et autres revêtements inorganiques - Traitement de surface,
revêtements métalliques et autres revêtements inorganiques - Vocabulaire (ISO
2080:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 2080:2022
ICS:
01.040.25 Izdelavna tehnika (Slovarji) Manufacturing engineering
(Vocabularies)
25.220.40 Kovinske prevleke Metallic coatings
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 2080
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 01.040.25; 25.220.40 Supersedes EN ISO 2080:2009
English Version
Metallic and other inorganic coatings - Surface treatment,
metallic and other inorganic coatings - Vocabulary (ISO
2080:2022)
Revêtements métalliques et autres revêtements Metallische und andere anorganische Überzüge -
inorganiques - Traitement de surface, revêtements Oberflächenbehandlung, metallische und andere
métalliques et autres revêtements inorganiques - anorganische Überzüge - Wörterbuch (ISO 2080:2022)
Vocabulaire (ISO 2080:2022)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 January 2022.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 2080:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 2080:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 107 "Metallic
and other inorganic coatings" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 262 “Metallic and
other inorganic coatings, including for corrosion protection and corrosion testing of metals and alloys”
the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2022, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 2080:2009.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 2080:2022 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 2080:2022 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 2080
Fourth edition
2022-03
Metallic and other inorganic
coatings — Surface treatment, metallic
and other inorganic coatings —
Vocabulary
Revêtements métalliques et autres revêtements inorganiques —
Traitement de surface, revêtements métalliques et autres revêtements
inorganiques — Vocabulaire
Reference number
ISO 2080:2022(E)
ISO 2080:2022(E)
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 2080:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 General types of surface-finishing processes and treatments . 1
3.2 Terms used in the industry . 4
Bibliography .28
iii
ISO 2080:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 107, Metallic and other inorganic coatings,
in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/
TC 262, Metallic and other inorganic coatings, including for corrosion protection and corrosion testing of
metals and alloys, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN
(Vienna Agreement).
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 2080:2008), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— new terms have been introduced;
— previous entries have been rationalized;
— some entries have been deleted.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
ISO 2080:2022(E)
Introduction
The terms and definitions in this document apply to electroplating and other related surface-finishing
processes. The terms and definitions are not necessarily arranged in English alphabetical order. Related
terms, giving different alternatives for a given process, have been grouped under a leading term, as, for
example, in the case of “chemical plating”, “electrodeposition”, “blasting”, “cleaning” or “colour anodized
aluminium”.
Basic terms and definitions relating to corrosion and electrochemical techniques used in corrosion
science are given in ISO 8044 and are not included. Basic terms used in chemistry, electrochemistry
or physics are also not included in this document. The definitions for such terms can be found in
handbooks or dictionaries of chemistry or physics.
v
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2080:2022(E)
Metallic and other inorganic coatings — Surface treatment,
metallic and other inorganic coatings — Vocabulary
1 Scope
This document defines the terms related to the general types of surface-finishing processes. Emphasis
is placed on practical usage in surface-finishing technology in the metal-finishing field.
This document does not include terms for porcelain and vitreous enamel, thermally sprayed coatings
and galvanising for which specialized vocabularies and glossaries exist. For the most part, basic terms
that have the same meaning in surface finishing as in other fields of technology, and that are defined in
handbooks and dictionaries of chemistry and physics, are not included.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 General types of surface-finishing processes and treatments
3.1.1
chemical plating
deposition of a metallic coating by chemical, non-electrolytic methods
3.1.1.1
autocatalytic plating
DEPRECATED: electroless plating
deposition of a metallic coating by a controlled chemical reduction that is catalysed by the metal or
alloy being deposited
3.1.1.2
contact plating
deposition of a metal by use of an internal source of current by immersing the work (3.2.218) in contact
with another metal in a solution containing a compound of the metal to be deposited
3.1.1.3
immersion coating
metallic coating produced by a displacement reaction in which one metal displaces another from a
solution
2+ 2+
EXAMPLE Fe + Cu → Cu + Fe
3.1.2
chemical vapour deposition
CVD
deposition of a coating by a chemical reaction, induced by heat or gaseous reduction of vapour
condensing on a substrate (3.2.205)
ISO 2080:2022(E)
3.1.3
conversion coating
conversion layer
coating obtained by conversion treatment (3.1.4)
3.1.4
conversion treatment
chemical or electrochemical process producing a superficial layer containing a compound of the
substrate (3.2.205) metal
EXAMPLE Passivation (3.2.163) coatings on zinc and zinc alloys; aluminium and phosphate coatings on steel;
chromate conversion coatings (3.2.72).
Note 1 to entry: Anodizing (3.2.10) although fulfilling the above definition, is not normally referred to as a
conversion coating process.
3.1.5
diffusion treatment
diffusion coating
process of producing a surface layer (diffusion layer) by diffusion of another metal or non-metal into
the surface of the substrate (3.2.205)
EXAMPLE For electroplating (3.1.6): Diffusion treatment to form an alloy coating from two or more different
electroplated coatings.
For non-electroplating: Galvanising (3.1.7), nitriding, carburizing, sherardizing (3.1.15) are diffusion treatments.
Note 1 to entry: Post-coating heat treatment (3.2.128) after electroplating, for example, to remove hydrogen, is
not normally designated as a diffusion treatment.
3.1.6
electroplating
electrodeposition
deposition of an adherent coating of a metal or an alloy upon a substrate (3.2.205) by electrolysis for the
purpose of imparting properties or dimensions to a surface different from those of the basis material
(3.2.29)
3.1.7
galvanising
formation of either a coating of zinc or zinc-iron alloys, or both, on iron and steel products by dipping
prepared steel or cast iron in a zinc melt
3.1.8
hot dip metal coating
metallic coating obtained by dipping the basis metal into a molten metal
Note 1 to entry: The traditional term “galvanising” (3.1.7) referring to zinc coatings obtained by immersion in a
bath of molten zinc, should always be preceded by “hot dip”. The term “spelter galvanising” should not be used
for “hot dip metal coating”. For details of terms and definitions concerning “hot dip galvanising”, appropriate
standards related to that process are to be consulted.
3.1.9
mechanical coating
mechanical plating
process whereby hard, small spherical objects such as a glass shot are tumbled against a metallic
surface, in the presence of finely divided metal powder such as zinc dust and appropriate chemicals for
the purpose of covering such surfaces with metal
Note 1 to entry: The terms “peen plating” and “mechanical galvanising” (3.1.7) are not recommended.
ISO 2080:2022(E)
3.1.10
metal cladding
application of a coating of one metal to another by mechanical fabrication techniques
3.1.11
metallizing
application of a metallic coating to the surface of non-metallic or non-conducting materials
Note 1 to entry: This term shall not be used as a synonym of metal spraying (3.1.12) or in the sense of depositing
a metallic coating on a metal substrate (3.2.205).
3.1.12
metal spraying
application of a metal by thermal spraying (3.1.17)
3.1.13
porcelain enamelling
vitreous enamelling
process for applying a substantially vitreous or glassy inorganic coating bonded to metal by fusion at a
temperature above approximately 425 °C
3.1.14
physical vapour deposition
PVD
process of depositing a coating by vaporizing and subsequently condensing an element or compound,
usually in a high vacuum
Note 1 to entry: See sputtering (3.2.196) and ion plating (3.2.136).
3.1.15
sherardizing
zinc diffusion coating (3.1.5) process or diffusion treatment (3.1.5) to form a zinc alloy with the basis
metals by heating the substrate (3.2.205) with zinc
Note 1 to entry: Mainly used to form a zinc-iron alloy layer on a steel substrate.
3.1.16
surface treatment
treatment involving a modification of the surface
3.1.17
thermal spraying
application of a coating by a process of projecting molten or heat-softened material from a source (gun)
onto any substrate (3.2.205)
3.1.18
zinc flake coating
coating containing metallic flakes (predominantly zinc) in a suitable binder, non-electrolytically applied
on fasteners and other parts by immersion or spraying, followed by curing (3.2.36)
Note 1 to entry: The term base coat (3.2.27) is often used as a synonym for zinc flake coating in cases where an
additional top coat (3.1.19) is applied.
3.1.19
top coat
additional layer with or without integral lubricant (3.2.142) applied on the substrate (3.2.205) in order
to achieve functional properties such as additional corrosion protection, torque-tension performance,
colour, chemical resistance
Note 1 to entry: Thickness of top coat layer is usually about 3 µm to 10 µm.
Note 2 to entry: Application of a top coat requires totally dried substrate.
ISO 2080:2022(E)
Note 3 to entry: See sealant (3.2.186).
3.2 Terms used in the industry
3.2.1
acceleration
increase of the rate of a coating process by the use of chemical additives (3.2.3)
3.2.2
activation
elimination of a passive surface condition
3.2.3
addition agent
additive
substance added to a solution, usually in small amounts, to modify the characteristics of the solution or
the properties of the deposit obtained from the solution
3.2.4
adhesion
amount of force required to separate different layers of a coating, or a coating from its substrate
(3.2.205) and the area of the corresponding surface
3.2.5
anode corrosion
gradual dissolution or oxidation of a metal (known as anode), or dissolution of an anode material by the
electrochemical action in the electroplating (3.1.6) cell
Note 1 to entry: The dissolution of the anode by chemical action of the electrolyte (3.2.112) without current is
generally not called corrosion, but dissolution.
3.2.6
anode film
outer layer of the anode itself consisting of oxidation or reaction products of the anode
metal
3.2.7
anode film
layer of solution in contact with the anode that differs in
composition from the bulk of the solution
3.2.8
anodic oxidation coating
protective, decorative or functional coating composed mainly of metal oxide formed on a metal surface
(typically aluminium) by anodically polarising the metal in a suitable electrolytic solution (3.2.112)
3.2.9
anodic coating
metallic coating that is less noble than the basis metal
Note 1 to entry: Anodic coatings provide cathodic protection (3.2.35).
3.2.10
anodic oxidation
anodizing
electrolytic oxidation process in which the surface of a metal, when anodically treated, is converted to a
coating having desirable protective, decorative or functional properties
Note 1 to entry: See anodic oxidation coating (3.2.8).
ISO 2080:2022(E)
3.2.11
anodic protection
anodic corrosion protection
protection of selected metals by externally applied current
EXAMPLE Stainless steel.
Note 1 to entry: The metal to be protected is polarized as the anode thus causing passivity (3.2.165) to the metal
protecting it from corrosion.
Note 2 to entry: Anodic protection requires external current supply as contact between different metals (galvanic
corrosion) cannot supply enough voltage. See cathodic protection (3.2.35).
3.2.12
anodizing line
total process on a production line which includes anodic oxidation (3.2.10)
3.2.13
anolyte
portion of the electrolyte (3.2.112) on the anode side of the diaphragm (3.2.99) in a divided cell (3.2.101)
3.2.14
anti-pitting agent
addition agent (3.2.3) for the specific purpose of preventing gas pits (3.2.170) in electrodeposits
Note 1 to entry: See wetting agent (3.2.216).
3.2.15
automatic machine
conveyer
machine for mechanically processing parts through treatment cycles, such as cleaning
(3.2.74), anodizing (3.2.10) or electroplating (3.1.6)
3.2.16
fully-automatic treatment
automatic treatment in which the work pieces (3.2.218) are automatically conveyed through successive
cleaning (3.2.74) and plating tanks
3.2.17
semi-automatic treatment
automatic treatment in which the work pieces (3.2.218) are conveyed automatically through only one
plating tank
3.2.18
auxiliary anode
supplementary anode employed during electrodeposition (3.1.6) to achieve a desired thickness
distribution of the electrodeposit
3.2.19
auxiliary cathode
thief
robber
cathode (3.2.64) placed so as to divert to itself some portion of the current from portions of the work
pieces (3.2.218) which otherwise receive a too high current density (3.2.89)
3.2.20
hydrogen embrittlement relief treating
treatment to reduce the risk of the occurence of hydrogen embrittlement (3.2.130)
ISO 2080:2022(E)
3.2.21
mechanical barrel burnishing
smoothing of surfaces by tumbling (3.2.210) the work pieces (3.2.218) in rotary barrels in the presence
of metallic or ceramic shots or balls, and in the absence of an abrasive
3.2.22
barrel electroplating
electroplating (3.1.6) process in which electrodeposits are applied to articles in bulk in a rotating,
oscillating or otherwise moving container
3.2.23
barrel finishing
bulk processing in barrels, in either the presence or absence of abrasives or burnishing (3.2.60) shot for
the purpose of improving the surface finish (3.2.119)
Note 1 to entry: See tumbling (3.2.210).
3.2.24
barrel processing
mechanical, chemical, autocatalytic or electrolytic treatment of articles in bulk in a rotating or
otherwise oscillating container
3.2.25
barrier layer
non-porous part of an anodic oxidation coating (3.2.8) that separates the
pores (3.2.173) from the aluminium metal and has a thickness proportional to the bath voltage
3.2.26
barrier protection
coating of a substrate (3.2.205) by a more noble metal (3.2.157) than the substrate or other material (e.g.
lacquer), thus protecting the basis material (3.2.29) of the work (3.2.218) from corrosion by a closed
barrier layer (3.2.25), the protection is lost in case of coating damage
EXAMPLE Nickel and chromium on steel substrate; copper, nickel and chromium on steel or zinc substrate.
Note 1 to entry: See anodic protection (3.2.11).
3.2.27
base coat
suspension of inorganic binder containing metal flakes as the first layer of a coating on to
which other coatings are applied
3.2.28
base coat
layer of metal flakes and binders to which other coatings are applied
Note 1 to entry: Typical substrates (3.2.205) for top coat (3.1.19) application are zinc flake coating (3.1.18), zinc or
zinc/nickel alloy coating with or without passivation (3.2.163), and/or sealant (3.2.186).
3.2.29
basis material
base metal
material upon which coatings are deposited
Note 1 to entry: See substrate (3.2.205).
3.2.30
bipolar electrode
electrode that is not directly connected to the power supply but is so placed in the solution between
the anode and the cathode (3.2.64) that the part nearest to the anode becomes cathodic and the part
nearest to the cathode becomes anodic
ISO 2080:2022(E)
3.2.31
black oxide
black finishing
blackening
finish (3.2.119) on metal produced by immersing it in hot oxidizing salts or salt solution, or in mixed
acid or alkaline solutions
3.2.32
blasting
process whereby solid metallic, mineral, synthetic resin, vegetable particles or water are projected at
high velocity against a work piece (3.2.218) for the purpose of cleaning (3.2.74) abrading or shot peening
(3.2.43) the surface
3.2.33
abrasive blasting
process for cleaning (3.2.74) or finishing by means of an abrasive directed at high velocity against the
work piece (3.2.218)
3.2.34
bead blasting
process whereby small spherical glass or ceramic beads are propelled against a metallic surface, carried
out either in a dry or wet state
3.2.35
cathodic protection
cathodic corrosion protection
ability of a coating to act as a sacrificial layer, thus protecting the metallic substrate (3.2.205) of the
work (3.2.218) from corrosion in case of coating damage
Note 1 to entry: In some countries, cathodic protection is sometimes misleadingly described as anodic protection
(3.2.11) as the metallic substrate (3.2.205) is protected by an anodic coating (3.2.9), for example, zinc or zinc alloy.
3.2.36
curing
process of heating the coating in order to obtain a solid, cross-linked and adherent layer, for example,
for zinc flake coatings (3.1.18), sealants (3.2.186) or top coats (3.1.19)
Note 1 to entry: Drying (3.2.40) can be included in the curing process or can replace curing.
3.2.37
cut-wire blasting
blasting (3.2.32) with short or cut lengths of metal wire
Note 1 to entry: See abrasive blasting (3.2.33).
3.2.38
dry ice blasting
blasting (3.2.32) with solid carbon dioxide particles on the surface of a material
3.2.39
dry-to-touch
condition of coated work pieces (3.2.218) in which no visibly discernible material is transferred when
they are manually gripped or touched by means of an absorbent material
3.2.40
drying
process eliminating either water or solvent, or both, from the coating, either at room temperature or by
heating
Note 1 to entry: Drying does not initiate polymer growth or bonding.
Note 2 to entry: See curing (3.2.36).
ISO 2080:2022(E)
3.2.41
grit blasting
abrasive blasting (3.2.33) with small irregular pieces of steel or malleable cast iron
Note 1 to entry: In Great Britain, this term can also apply to the use of non-metallic particles of similar shape, for
example, silicon carbide or aluminium oxide.
Note 2 to entry: Blasting (3.2.32) with sand is forbidden in most countries for reasons of health and safety.
3.2.42
shot blasting
process of modification of a surface by abrasive action of shots of a solid of spherical nature propelled at
a relatively high velocity against the work piece (3.2.218)
Note 1 to entry: See abrasive blasting (3.2.33) and shot peening (3.2.43).
3.2.43
shot peening
process in which hard, small spherical objects (e.g. metal shots or ceramic beads) are propelled against
a surface to introduce compressive stresses into the surface or for decorative effects
3.2.44
wet abrasive blasting
blasting (3.2.32) with a liquid medium or slurry containing abrasive particles
3.2.45
blister
dome-shaped defect in a coating arising from the loss of adhesion (3.2.4) between the coating and the
substrate (3.2.205)
3.2.46
blistering
flittering
occurrence of small metallic particles or flitters, often aligned with blisters (3.2.45) but that can also
occur without visual blisters (e.g. as delamination inside the metallic layer)
3.2.47
bloom
visible exudation or efflorescence on a surface
3.2.48
blueing
formation of a very thin blue oxide film on steel, either by heating in air or by immersion in oxidizing
solutions
3.2.49
bright dip
solution used to produce a bright surface on a metal
Note 1 to entry: See chemical brightening (3.2.69).
3.2.50
bright finish
finish (3.2.119) with a uniform, smooth surface of high reflectivity
3.2.51
bright electroplating
process that produces an electrodeposit having a high degree of specular reflectivity in the as-
electroplated condition
ISO 2080:2022(E)
3.2.52
bright electroplating range
range of current densities (3.2.89) within which an electroplating (3.1.6) solution produces a bright
deposit under a given or specified set of operating conditions
3.2.53
bright throwing power
measure of the ability of an electroplating (3.1.6) solution or a specified set of electroplating conditions
to deposit uniformly bright electroplate upon an irregularly shaped cathode (3.2.64)
3.2.54
brightener
addition agent (3.2.3) added to an autocatalytic and electroplating (3.1.6) solution that leads to the
formation of a bright deposit
3.2.55
bronzing
application of a chemical finish (3.2.119) to copper and copper alloy surfaces or to copper and copper
alloy electroplated coatings which alter the colour
Note 1 to entry: Bronzing is not to be confused with electrodeposition (3.1.6) of bronze.
3.2.56
brush electroplating
method of electroplating (3.1.6) in which the solution is applied with a pad or brush, within which is the
anode and that is moved over the cathode (3.2.64) to be electroplated
3.2.57
brush electropolishing
method of electropolishing (3.2.114) in which the solution is applied with a pad or brush, within which is
a cathode (3.2.64) and that is moved over the surface (anode) to be polished
3.2.58
buffer
solution with chemicals which are only partially dissociated in solution and which are added to a
solution in order to reduce the effect of additions of acids or alkali to its pH value
3.2.59
buffing
smoothing of a surface by mechanical means with or without the addition of abrasive or non-abrasive
particles
3.2.60
burnishing
smoothing of surfaces by rubbing, essentially under pressure, rather than the removal of the surface
layer
3.2.61
burn-off
unintentional removal of an autocatalytic deposit from a non-conducting substrate (3.2.205) during
subsequent electroplating (3.1.6) operations, due to the application of excess current or to a poor
contact area
3.2.62
burnt deposit
rough, non-coherent or otherwise unsatisfactory electrodeposit produced by the application of an
excessively high current density (3.2.89) usually containing oxides or other inclusions
3.2.63
busbar
rigid conductor for carrying current, for example, to anode and cathode (3.2.64) bars
ISO 2080:2022(E)
3.2.64
cathode
electrode at which reduction occurs
3.2.65
cathode efficiency
proportion of the total cathode (3.2.64) current which is used in depositing the metal concerned
3.2.66
cathode film
layer of solution in contact with the cathode (3.2.64), that differs in composition from the bulk of the
solution
3.2.67
catholyte
electrolyte (3.2.112) solution adjacent to the cathode (3.2.64), i.e. the portion of the electrolyte on the
cathode side of the diaphragm (3.2.99) in a divided cell (3.2.101)
3.2.68
chelating agent
chemical compound that combines with a metal to form a chelate, which is a chemical compound in
which metallic and non-metallic, usually organic, groups are combined
3.2.69
chemical brightening
non-electrolytic chemical process to produce a bright finish (3.2.50) on a metal surface
Note 1 to entry: See bright dip (3.2.49).
Note 2 to entry: Chemical brightening is not to be confused with chemical polishing (3.2.71).
3.2.70
chemical milling
shaping of a work piece (3.2.218) by immersion in an etchant (3.2.117)
Note 1 to entry: A resist (3.2.182) or mask can be employed for selective removal of material.
3.2.71
chemical polishing
improvement in surface smoothness of a metal by immersion in a suitable solution
3.2.72
chromate conversion coating
chromate layer
coating obtained by chromating (3.2.73)
Note 1 to entry: See conversion treatment (3.1.4).
3.2.73
chromating
process for producing a chromate conversion coating (3.2.72) by means of a solution containing
chromium compounds in the hexavalent form
Note 1 to entry: When chromium compounds in the trivalent form are used, the term passivation (3.2.163) can be
used.
3.2.74
cleaning
removal of foreign substances, such as oxides, scales (3.2.185) or oil from a surface
ISO 2080:2022(E)
3.2.74.1
acid cleaning
cleaning (3.2.74) by means of acid solutions
3.2.74.2
alkaline cleaning
cleaning (3.2.74) by means of alkaline solutions
3.2.74.3
anodic cleaning
electrolytic cleaning (3.2.74.7) in which the work piece (3.2.218) to be cleaned is the anode of the cell
3.2.74.4
biological degreasing
process of cleaning (3.2.74) a metal using a specific soak cleaner supported by oil-consuming bacteria,
usually as an initial step in surface pre-treatment
3.2.74.5
cathodic cleaning
electrolytic cleaning (3.2.74.7) in which the work piece (3.2.218) to be cleaned is the cathode (3.2.64) of
the cell and inert plates (usually steel) are the anodes
3.2.74.6
diphase cleaning
cleaning (3.2.74) using a mixture of an organic solvent layer and a layer of an aqueous solution containing
surface active agents, the cleaning being effected both by the solvent and aqueous layers
3.2.74.7
electrolytic cleaning
cleaning (3.2.74) in which direct current is passed through the solution, the work piece (3.2.218) to be
cleaned being one of the electrodes
Note 1 to entry: See anodic cleaning (3.2.74.3) and cathodic cleaning (3.2.74.5).
3.2.74.8
emulsifiable solvent cleaning
two-stage cleaning (3.2.74) where solvents and surface active agents are applied, emulsified, and,
afterwards, removed along with soil by water rinsing
3.2.74.9
emulsion cleaning
cleaning (3.2.74) by means of an emulsified liquid system that consists of an organic solvent, a water
phase and emulsifying agents (3.2.115)
Note 1 to entry: See soak cleaning (3.2.74.11)
3.2.74.10
periodic reverse electrolytic cleaning
method of electrolytic cleaning (3.2.74.7) in which the current in the cleaning (3.2.74) solution is reversed
periodically, the cycles being no longer than several seconds or a few minutes
Note 1 to entry: The anodic cleaning (3.2.74.3) cycle is usually of double duration compared to the cathodic
cleaning (3.2.74.5) cycle.
Note 2 to entry: Periodic reverse electrolytic cleaning is usually finished (3.2.120) with an anodic cleaning
(3.2.74.3) phase at the end.
3.2.74.11
soak cleaning
immersion cleaning
cleaning (3.2.74) by immersion without the use of electric current, usually in a hot alkaline solution
containing surfactants
ISO 2080:2022(E)
3.2.74.12
solvent degreasing
removal of grease and oil from surfaces by immersion in organic solvents
3.2.74.13
spray cleaning
cleaning (3.2.74) by means of spraying with a cleaning solution
3.2.74.14
ultrasonic cleaning
cleaning (3.2.74) by any chemical means aided by ultrasonic energy
3.2.74.15
vapour degreasing
removal of oil and grease by solvent vapours condensing on the work pieces (3.2.218) being cleaned
3.2.75
colour anodizing of aluminium
anodizing (3.2.10) aluminium accompanied by the electrolytic deposition of coloured metallic salts into
the pores (3.2.173)
3.2.76
dyeing of anodized aluminium
absorption of dyestuffs or pigments into the pores (3.2.173) of anodized aluminium, usually at elevated
temperature, accompanied by sealing of the pores
Note 1 to entry: See coloured anodizing of aluminium (3.2.75).
3.2.77
integral colour anodizing of aluminium
anodizing of aluminium using an appropriate (usually containing
organic based acids) electrolyte (3.2.112) which produces a coloured finish (3.2.119) during the
anodizing (3.2.10) process itself
3.2.78
colouring
production of desired colours on metal surfaces or electroplated coatings by appropriate chemical or
electrochemical action
3.2.79
colouring off
light buffing (3.2.59) of metal surfaces for the purpose of producing a high lustre
3.2.80
complexing agent
compound that combines with metal ions to form complex ions
3.2.81
complex salt
compound of two single salts which crystallize together in a simple molecular ratio
EXAMPLE Complex salts: potassium silver cyanide, KAg(CN).
2−
Complex ions: cuprocyanide ion, [Cu(CN) ] .
Note 1 to entry: In aqueous solutions, a complex salt is dissociated into ions (complex ions) giving reactions which
are quite distinct from those of the component single salts.
ISO 2080:2022(E)
3.2.82
composite coating
dispersion coating
coating consisting of deposits incorporating particles or fibres of another material
Note 1 to entry: When a lower percentage of incorporated particles is given, mainly composite coating is used.
When a high percentage of particles is given, usually dispersion coating is used.
3.2.83
conditioning
conversion of a surface to a suitable state for treatment in successive steps
Note 1 to entry: In Europe, this term is reserved for non-conducting substrates (3.2.205).
3.2.84
conducting salt
salt added to a solution to increase its electrical conductivity
3.2.85
covering power
ability of an electroplating (3.1.6) solution under a specified set of conditions to deposit a closed
(continuous) layer of metal on the surfaces of recessed areas or holes
Note 1 to entry: Covering power denotes the ability to form a continuous metal layer on any surface. There is no
requirement of a specified layer thickness.
Note 2 to entry: Covering power is not to be confused with throwing power (3.2.143).
3.2.86
crack
narrow separation of random dimensions and orientation in a surface coating
3.2.87
crazing
network of fine hairline cracks (3.2.86) in a coating
3.2.88
critical current density
current density (3.2.89) above or below which, different and sometimes undesirable
reactions occur
3.2.89
current density
ratio of the current on a surface of an electrode to the area of that surface
Note 1 to entry: Current density is often expressed in amperes per square decimetres (A/dm ).
3.2.90
current efficiency
proportion of the current that is effective in carrying out a given process in accordance with Faraday's
laws of electrolysis
Note 1 to entry: Current efficiency is usually expressed as a percentage.
3.2.91
deburring
removal of sharp edges and burrs by mechanical, chemical or electrochemical means
ISO 2080:2022(E)
3.2.92
degreasing
removal of grease or oil from a surface
Note 1 to entry: See cleaning (3.2.74).
3.2.93
deionization
removal of ions
EXAMPLE Removal of ions from a solution by ion exchange (3.2.134).
3.2.94
depolarization
decrease in the polarization, the difference of the potential of an electrode from its equilibrium or
steady state of an electrode
3.2.95
depolarizer
substance or a means that decreases polarization of an electrode
3.2.96
anionic detergent
cleansing agent that produces aggregates of negatively charged ions with colloidal properties
3.2.97
cationic detergent
cleansing agent that produces aggregates of positively charged ions with colloidal properties
3.2.98
non-ionic detergent
cleansing agent that produces aggregates of electrically neutral molecules with colloidal properties
3.2.99
diaphragm
porous separator that divides the anode and cathode (3.2.64) compartments of an electroplating (3.1.6)
tank from each other or from an intermediate compartment, while allowing the current to flow
3.2.100
dispersing agent
material that increases the stability of a suspension of particles in a liquid medium
3.2.101
divided cell
cell containing a diaphragm (3.2.99) or other means for physically separating the anolyte (3.2.13) from
the catholyte (3.2.67)
3.2.102
double salt
compound of two salts that crystallize together in stoichiometric proportions but react as the
corresponding single salts in aqueous solution
Note 1 to entry: See complex salt (3.2.81).
3.2.103
drag-in
liquid carried into a solution by the objects introduced therein
3.2.104
drag-out
liquid carried out of a solution by the objects removed therefrom
ISO 2080:2022(E)
3.2.105
ductility
ability of a coating or a material to deform plastically without fracture
3.2.106
dull finish
finish (3.2.119) essentially lacking both diffuse and specular reflectance
Note 1 to entry: See matt finish (3.2.145).
3.2.107
dummy
dummy cathode
cathode (3.2.64) used for the removal of impurities from electroplating (3.1.6) solutions by low-current-
density electrolysis
3.2.108
electrodeposited metal
two-layer system of the same electroplated metal (e.g. nickel) each with different
properties
3.2.109
duplex coating
combination of two layers of different materials to give higher corrosion resistance
Note 1 to entry: The layers can be two layers of electroplated metals or can be a plated metal followed by an
organic layer.
3.2.110
electrochemical machining
ECM
electrochemical milling
shaping of a metal work piece (3.2.218) (anode) by passing a direct electric current through an electrolyte
(3.2.112) in the gap between it and a suitably shaped tool [cathode (3.2.64)] that focuses the current in
those areas where preferential metal removal is desired
3.2.111
electrolytic colouring
electrolytic process that produces coloured finishes (3.2.119) on basis metal or electroplated metal
coatings
Note 1 to entry: Electrolytic colouring is to be differentiated from colour anodizing, electrolytic (2-step) colour
anodizing (3.2.211) and integral colour anodizing.
3.2.112
electrolyte
electrolytic solution
conducting medium in which the flow of current is accompanied by movement of matter, being most
often an aqueous solution of acids, bases or dissolved salts of the metal to be deposited
3.2.113
electroplating range
deposition range
current density (3.2.89) range over which a satisfactory electrodeposit can be obtained
3.2.114
electropolishing
improvement in surface smoothness and brightness of a metal surface by making it anodic in an
appropriate solution
ISO 2080:2022(E)
3.2.115
emulsifying agent
substance that produces an emulsion or increases its stability
3.2.116
etch
dissolve unevenly a part of the surface of a metal
3.2.117
etchant
solution used for removing material selectively or to etch (3.2.116) a surface
3.2.118
filter aid
inert, insoluble material, more or less finely di
...