ASTM E230-98

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Designation: E 230 – 98 An American National Standard
Standard Specification and
Temperature-Electromotive Force (EMF) Tables for
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Standardized Thermocouples
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 230; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope tric properties of materials that conform to the relationships
presented in the tables of this standard and bear the letter
1.1 This specification contains reference tables (Tables
designations contained herein. Topics such as ordering infor-
8–23) that give temperature-electromotive force (emf) relation-
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mation, physical and mechanical properties, workmanship,
ships for Types B, E, J, K, N, R, S, and T thermocouples.
testing, and marking are not addressed in this specification. The
These are the thermocouple types most commonly used in
user is referred to specific standards such as Specifications
industry.
E 235, E 574, E 585, E 608, E 1159, or E 1223, as appropriate,
1.2 Also included are lists of standard and special tolerances
for guidance in these areas.
on initial values of emf versus temperature for thermocouples
1.10 The temperature-emf data in this specification are
(Table 1), thermocouple extension wires (Table 2), and com-
intended for industrial and laboratory use.
pensating extension wires for thermocouples (Table 3).
1.3 Tables 4–5, included herein, give data on insulation
2. Referenced Documents
color coding for thermocouple and thermocouple extension
2.1 ASTM Standards:
wires as customarily used in the United States.
E 235 Specification for Thermocouples, Sheathed, Type K,
1.4 Recommendations regarding upper temperature limits
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for Nuclear or for Other High-Reliability Applications
for the thermocouple types referred to in 1.1 are given in Table
E 574 Specification for Duplex, Base-Metal Thermocouple
6.
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Wire with Glass Fiber or Silica Fiber Insulation
1.5 Tables 24–43 give temperature-emf data for single-leg
E 585 Specification for Sheathed Base-Metal Thermo-
thermoelements referenced to platinum (NIST Pt 67). The
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couple Materials
tables include values for Types BP, BN, JP, JN, KP (same as
E 608 Specification for Metal-Sheathed Base-Metal Ther-
EP), KN, NP, NN, TP, and TN (same as EN).
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mocouples
1.6 Tables for Types RP, RN, SP, and SN thermoelements
E 1159 Specification for Thermocouple Materials,
are not included since, nominally, Tables 18–21 represent the
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Platinum-Rhodium Alloys, and Platinum
thermoelectric properties of Type RP and SP thermoelements
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E 1223 Specification for Type N Thermocouple Wire
referenced to pure platinum.
2.2 NIST Monograph:
1.7 Polynomial coefficients that may be used for computa-
NIST Monograph 175 Temperature-Electromotive Force
tion of thermocouple emf as a function of temperature are
Reference Functions and Tables for the Letter-Designated
given in Table 7. Coefficients for the emf of each thermocouple
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Thermocouple Types Based on the ITS-90
pair as well as for the emf of individual thermoelements versus
2.3 IEC Standard:
platinum are included.
IEC 584–3 First edition, 1989
1.8 Coefficients for sets of inverse polynomials are given in
Table 44. These may be used for computing a close approxi-
3. Source of Data
mation of temperature (°C) as a function of thermocouple emf.
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3.1 The data in these tables are based upon the SI volt and
Inverse functions are provided only for thermocouple pairs and
the International Temperature Scale of 1990.
are valid only over the emf ranges specified.
3.2 The temperature-emf data in Tables 8–43 and the
1.9 This specification is intended to define the thermoelec-
corresponding equations in Tables 7 and 44 for all of the
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These tables are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E-20 on Tempera-
ture Measurement and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E20.04 on
Thermocouples.
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Current edition approved June 10, 1998. Published March 1999. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
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published as E 230 – 63. Last previous edition E 230 – 96 . Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Depart-
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These temperature-emf relationships have been revised as required by the ment of Commerce, Gaithersburg, MD 20899.
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international adoption in 1989 of a revised International Temperature Scale Discussed in NIST Technical Note 1263, Guidelines for Implementing the New
(ITS-90). Representations of the Volt and Ohm Effective January 1, 1990.
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