ASTM A1044/A1044M-22a

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it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A1044/A1044M − 22 A1044/A1044M − 22a
Standard Specification for
Steel Stud Assemblies for Shear Reinforcement of
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1044/A1044M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers steel stud assemblies for shear reinforcement of concrete. Stud assemblies consist of either
single-headed studs (Type 1) attached to a structural steel base rail by structural welding or stud welding, or double-headed studs
(Type 2) mechanically crimped into a non-structural steel shape or attached to a steel plate by spot welding or tack welding. These
stud assemblies are not intended for use as shear connectors in steel-concrete composite construction.
NOTE 1—The configuration of the studs for stud assemblies is much different than the configuration of the headed-type studs prescribed in Section
7,Clause 9, Figure 7.19.1 of AWS D1.1/D1.1M. Ratios of the cross-sectional areas of the head-to-shank of the AWS D1.1/D1.1M studs range from about
2.5 to 4. In contrast, this specification requires the area of the head of the studs for stud assemblies to be at least 10 times the area of the shank. Thus,
the standard headed-type studs in Section 7,Clause 9, Figure 7.19.1 of AWS D1.1/D1.1M do not conform to the requirements of this specification for use
as stud assemblies for shear reinforcement.
1.2 This specification is applicable for orders in either inch-pound units or in SI units.
1.3 The values stated either in inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in
brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system mustshall be used independently of
the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this specification.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A29/A29M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought
A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
A706/A706M Specification for Deformed and Plain Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
2.2 AWS Standard:
AWS D1.1/D1.1M-2004D1.1/D1.1M-2020 Structural Welding Code—Steel
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.05
on Steel Reinforcement.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2022Nov. 1, 2022. Published September 2022November 2022. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20162022
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as A1044/A1044M – 16aA1044/A1044M – 22. . DOI: 10.1520/A1044_A1044M-22.10.1520/A1044_A1044M-22A.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 8669 NW 36 St., #130, Miami, FL 33166-6672, http://www.aws.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A1044/A1044M − 22a
2.3 U.S. Military Standards:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products Preparation for Shipment and Storage
2.4 U.S. Federal Standard:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:this Specification:
3.1.1 base rail, n—the steel shape or plate that a group of headed studs is attached to by welding or other means.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
Stud assemblies comprised of single-headed studs (Type 1) require a base rail; the base rail acts as a structural element to provide
anchorage to the concrete. For stud assemblies in which double-headed studs (Type 2) are mechanically crimped into a steel shape,
for example, into a steel channel, the base rail is not required to provide anchorage to the concrete; the purpose of the base rail
is to hold the studs in the appropriate location, direction, and spacing until the concrete is cast. For stud assemblies in which
double-headed studs (Type 2) are attached to a steel plate by spot welding or tack welding, the steel plate is not required to provide
anchorage to the concrete; the purpose of the steel plate is to hold the studs in the appropriate location, direction, and spacing until
the concrete is cast.
3.1.2 headed stud, n—a steel bar used in the reinforcement of concrete that has a head formed at one or both ends.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material ordered to this
specification. Such requirements shall include but are not limited to the following:Orders for steel stud assemblies under this
specification shall contain the following information:
4.1.1 Name of product: stud assemblies for shear reinforcement of concrete,
4.1.2 Quantity of studs by diameter,
4.1.3 Number of heads per stud,
4.1.4 Dimensions of base rail, if included,
4.1.5 Overall height of stud assembly,
4.1.6 Number of studs per each assembly and their spacing (see Note 2),
4.1.7 Requirements for inspection (11.1),
4.1.8 Packaging, and
4.1.9 ASTM designation A1044 [A1044M] and year of issue.
NOTE 2—In the case of ordering studs rather than assemblies, the length of the studs should be specified such that the appropriate height of the stud
assembly is achieved.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Headed Studs:
5.1.1 Type 1 single-headed studs and Type 2 double-headed studs shall be manufactured from steel conforming to Specification
A29/A29M, Grades 1010 through 1020. The stud material and base rail material shall conform to the requirements for tensile
properties prescribed in Table 1.
Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
A1044/A1044M − 22a
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements—Stud Material—Type 1
and Type 2 Studs
Tensile strength, min, psi [MPa] 65 000 [450]
Yield strength, min, psi [MPa] 51 000 [350]
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, % 20
Reduction of area, min, % 50
5.1.2 For Type 2 double-headed studs manufactured from deformed steel reinforcing bars, the deformed bars shall conform to
Specification A615/A615M or Specification A706/A706M, Grade 60 [420].
5.2 Base Rails:
5.2.1 For stud assemblies in which the studs (Type 1) are welded to a base rail, the base rail material shall conform to 5.2.1.1,
5.2.1.2, or 5.2.1.3.
5.2.1.1 The base rail material, except for tensile properties, shall conform to Specification A36/A36M or equivalent. The base rail
material shall conform to the requirements for tensile properties prescribed in Table 2.
5.2.1.2 Base rail material conforming to the minimum required tensile properties in Specification A36/A36M shall be permitted
provided the base rail thickness is increased by a factor equal to the minimum yield strength specified in Table 2 divided by the
minimum yield strength required by Specification A36/A36M.
5.2.1.3 Base rail material selected by the manufacturer shall be permitted subject to agreement with the purchaser. The
manufacturer shall furnish documentation to the purchaser in the form of test reports that confirms the suitability of the selected
base rail material for: (1) manufacturing stud assemblies; and (2) structural adequacy of the stud assemblies for the intended
application.
5.2.2 For stud assemblies in which single-headed (Type 1) studs are attached to base rails by stud welding, the stud welding shall
conform to AWS D1.1/D1.1M, including the provisions for production control, and fabrication and verification requirements.
5.2.3 For stud assemblies in which double-headed studs (Type 2) are mechanically crimped into a steel shape, the steel shape shall
be sufficiently stiff to hold the studs in the appropriate location, direction, and spacing.
5.2.4 For stud assemblies in which double-headed studs (Type 2) are attached to a steel plate by spot welding or tack welding,
the steel plate shall be sufficiently stiff to hold the studs in the appropriate location, direction and spacing.
5.3 Dimensions:
5.3.1 Minimum dimensions of Type 1 single-headed studs and plate base rails shall conform to Table 3.
5.3.2 Minimum dimensions of Type 2 double-headed studs shall conform to Table 4.
NOTE 3—The configurations of stud assemblies are shown in Fig. 1.
5.3.3 Headed studs with heads that have variable thickness shall be permitted, provided they meet the tensile requirements of this
specification.
6. Tensile Tests
6.1 At periodic intervals, tensile tests of the headed stud with a single or double head formed at one or both ends of the shank
or welded to the base rail shall be performed as specified in the quality assurance program of the manufacturer and agreed upon
by the purchaser. Tensile tests on the studs shall be conducted by the assembly manufacturer, or an inspection agency, or the stud
manufacturer.
A1044/A1044M − 22a
A
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements—Base Rail Material
Tensile strength, min, psi [MPa] 65 000 [450]
Yield strength, min, psi [MPa] 44 000 [300]
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, % 20
A
Type 1 studs welded to base rail.
6.2 Tensile testing shall be performed in accordance with the requirements described in Test Methods and Definitions A370.
Tensile testing of headed studs shall be performed using a test fixture as described in Section 7.3.2 Clause 9.3.2 and Figure 9.2
of AWS D1.1/D1.1M.
7. Acceptance Criteria
7.1 In addition to meeting the strength requirements of 5.1 and 5.2, no observed partial or total fracture of the head, the stud weld,
or the stud-to-base rail con
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