ASTM A126-04(2023)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A126 − 04 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Specification for
Gray Iron Castings for Valves, Flanges, and Pipe Fittings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A126; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 5. Ordering Information
1.1 This specification covers three classes of gray iron for 5.1 Orders for material in this specification should include
castings intended for use as valve pressure-retaining parts, pipe
the following information:
fittings, and flanges. 5.1.1 ASTM designation and year date,
5.1.2 Class of iron required,
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
5.1.3 Quantity, and
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
5.1.4 Certification, if required (see Section 16).
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
6. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
NOTE 1—The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which
6.1 The castings shall be made in a workmanlike manner
provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those
in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the and the surface shall be free of adhering sand, scale, cracks,
standard.
and hot tears as determined by visual examination.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 7. Chemical Requirements
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
7.1 A chemical analysis shall be performed on each lot and
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
shall conform to the following requirements for phosphorus
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
and sulfur:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Phosphorus, max, % 0.75
Sulfur, max, % 0.15
2. Referenced Documents
2 7.2 The chemical analysis shall be performed on a sample
2.1 ASTM Standards:
obtained during the pouring of the lot.
A48/A48M Specification for Gray Iron Castings
A644 Terminology Relating to Iron Castings
8. Tensile Properties
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
8.1 One tension test shall be performed on each lot and shall
terials
conform to the mechanical properties specified in Table 1.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of many terms common to gray iron castings 9. Cast Test Bars
are found in Terminology A644.
9.1 Separately cast 1 ⁄8 in. (28.6 mm) diameter test bars
shown in Fig. 1 shall be poured in sand molds from the same
4. Classification
lot as the castings represented.
4.1 Castings produced to this specification are classified
NOTE 2—The numbering on the test specimens shown in Figs. 1 and 2
based upon the minimum tensile strength of the iron (see Table
is intended simply to illustrate a method of designation. In the particular
1).
method shown refers to December 8, B1 is the cupola number, and the
numeral 1 which follows shows the hour cast (1 p.m.).
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on Iron
9.2 Test bars that are intended to represent castings which
Castings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.01 on Grey and White
Iron Castings.
are cooled in the mold to less than 900 °F (480 °C) before
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally
shakeout shall be cooled in their molds to a temperature less
approved in 1929. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as A126 – 04 (2019).
than 900 °F, and then may be cooled in still air to room
DOI: 10.1520/A0126-04R23.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or temperature.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
9.3 Test bars that are intended to represent castings which
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. are hotter than 900 °F when shaken out of their molds shall be
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A126 − 04 (2023)
Metric Equivalents
1 1 1 3 7 1 9 1 3 3
in. ⁄8 ⁄4 ⁄2 ⁄4 ⁄8 1 ⁄8 1.2 1 ⁄32 1 ⁄2 1 ⁄4 2 ⁄4 13
mm 3.2 6.4 12.7 19.0 22.2 28.6 30.5 32.5 38.1 44.4 69.8 1330
NOTE 1—These dimensions are suggested as satisfactory for average conditions, but may be varied to best suit individual pouring.
FIG. 1 Mold of Tension and Transverse Test Specimens
Metric Equivalents
in. mm in. mm
1 3
1 ⁄8 28.6 3 ⁄4 95.2
3 5
1 ⁄4 44.4 5 ⁄8 142.9
7 1
1 ⁄8 47.6 7 ⁄2 290.5
NOTE 1—Modification may be made to the grip-ends of the tension test specimen to allow alternative means of gripping as required by testing
procedures and equipment. Should alternative grip-ends be disputed, the threaded grip-ends shall be used.
FIG. 2 Tension Test Spec
...