ASTM D235-22

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D235 −22
Standard Specification for
Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry
Cleaning Solvent)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D235; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers four types of hydrocarbon
2.1 ASTM Standards:
solvents, normally petroleum distillates, used primarily in the
D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
coatings and dry-cleaning industries. “Mineral spirits” is the
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
most common name for these solvents. They are also called
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
“Stoddard Solvents” when used for dry cleaning.
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
1.2 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the
D156 Test Method for Saybolt Color of Petroleum Products
supplier’sMaterialSafetyDataSheetformaterialslistedinthis
(Saybolt Chromometer Method)
specification.
D268 Guide for Sampling and Testing Volatile Solvents and
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Chemical Intermediates for Use in Paint and Related
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
Coatings and Material (Withdrawn 2021)
only.
D1133 Test Method for Kauri-Butanol Value of Hydrocar-
bon Solvents
1.4 The following applies to all specified limits in this
D1159 Test Method for Bromine Numbers of Petroleum
standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this
standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be Distillates and Commercial Aliphatic Olefins by Electro-
metric Titration
rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit
used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with D1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-
the rounding-off method of Practice E29. Cobalt Scale)
D1296 Test Method for Odor of Volatile Solvents and
1.5 The following hazard caveat pertains only to the test
Diluents (Withdrawn 2021)
method portion, 6.1.10, of this specification. This standard
D2710 Test Method for Bromine Index of Petroleum Hydro-
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
carbons by Electrometric Titration
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
D3227 Test Method for (Thiol Mercaptan) Sulfur in
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environ-
Gasoline, Kerosine,Aviation Turbine, and Distillate Fuels
mental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
(Potentiometric Method)
limitations prior to use.
D3257 Test Methods for Aromatics in Mineral Spirits by
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
Gas Chromatography (Withdrawn 2021)
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Small
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Scale Closed-Cup Apparatus
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Determine Conformance with Specifications
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Subcommittee D01.35 on Solvents, Plasticizers, and Chemical Intermediates. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2022. Published January 2022. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D235 – 02 (2012) the ASTM website.
which was withdrawn January 2021 and reinstated in January 2022. DOI: 10.1520/ The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
D0235-22. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D235−22
2.2 U.S. Federal Specification: 6.1.7 Odor—Test Method D1296. Samples of particular
PPP-C-2020 Chemical, Liquid, Dry, and Paste: Packaging of types of products being tested, having odor characteristics
satisfactory to consumer and producer, are to be used as
3. Classification
reference standards for comparison.
6.1.8 Mercaptan Sulfur—Test Method D3227.
3.1 Mineral spirits shall be of the following types as
6.1.9 Apparent Specific Gravity—Determine the apparent
specified:
specific gravity by any convenient method that is accurate to
3.1.1 Type I—Full Range.
the third decimal place, the temperature of both specimen and
3.1.2 Type II—High Flash Point.
water being 15.6°C. See Guide D268.
3.1.3 Type III—Odorless.
6.1.10 Doctor Test:
3.1.4 Type IV—Low Dry Point.
6.1.10.1 Preparation of Doctor (Sodium Plumbite)
3.2 Mineral spirits types may be further differentiated based
Solution—Dissolve approximately 125 g of sodium hydroxide
on aromatics content as follows:
(NaOH) in 1 L of reagent water. Add 60 g of lead monoxide
3.2.1 Class A—8 to 22 vol % aromatics.
(PbO) and shake vigorously for 15 min, or let stand with
3.2.2 Class B—2 to 8 max vol % aromatics.
occasional shakings for at least a day. Allow to settle and
3.2.3 Class C—less than 2 vol % aromatics.
decant or siphon off the clear liquid. If the solution does not
settle clear, filter it through filter paper. Keep the solution in a
4. Properties
tightly corked bottle and refilter before use if not perfectly
4.1 The physical and chemical properties of the different
clear.
types and classes of mineral spirits shall conform to the
6.1.10.2 Procedure—Shake vigorously together in a test
requirements specified in Table 1.
tube 10 mL of the solvent being tested and 5 mL of sodium
plumbite solution for
...