ASTM F818-16(2020)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F818 − 16 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Terminology Relating to
Spill Response Booms and Barriers
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF818;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope boom section—length of boom between two end connectors.
1.1 This document defines the terminology used in the field
boom segment—repetitive identical portion of the boom
of spill response barriers. Only those terms commonly used or
section.
peculiar to this field have been included; no attempt has been
Types
made to list all terms used. Where a second term is in common
use, “aka” is used to mean “also known as.”
bottom-tension boom—boom with tension member located
1.2 Design, engineering, and performance terms are listed along the bottom of the skirt.
separately: design terminology (3.1), engineering terminology
calm water boom—boom intended for use in calm waters (see
(3.2), and performance terminology (3.3).
Practice F625 for environmental descripters).
1.3 Guidance on minimum dimensions and performance
“curtain type” boom—boom consisting of a flexible skirt
specifications for booms is provided in Guide F1523.
supported by flotation.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- “fence type” boom—boom consisting of a self-supporting or
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the stiffened membrane supported by flotation.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
fire resistant boom (aka fire containment boom) —boom
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
intended for containment of burning oil slicks.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ice boom—boom intended for use in ice-infested waters,
2. Referenced Documents
designed to withstand effects of ice contact.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
inflatable boom—boom that uses inflated gas-filled chambers
F625 Practice for Classifying Water Bodies for Spill Control
as the flotation.
Systems
open water boom— boom intended for use in open waters
F1523 Guide for Selection of Booms in Accordance With
(see Practice F625 for environmental descripters).
Water Body Classifications
permanent boom—boom intended for long-term or perma-
3. Terminology
nent deployment.
3.1 Design Terminology—Terms associated with Spill Re-
protected water boom—boom intended for use in protected
sponse Design:
waterswithmoderateenvironmentalconditions(seePractice
F625 for environmental descriptors).
General
river boom (aka fast water boom)—boom intended for use in
boom—floating mechanical barrier used to control the move-
currents greater than 1 knot.
ment of substances that float.
sorbent boom—sorbent material contained or arranged in the
form of a long cylinder.
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on
Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of
weir boom (aka skimming boom/barrier)—boom that has a
Subcommittee F20.11 on Control.
weir skimming device(s) built into its face.
Current edition approved April 1, 2020. Published April 2020. Originally
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as F818 – 16. DOI:
Special Purpose Barriers
10.1520/F0818-16R20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
air bubble barrier—special-purpose barrier created by rising
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
stream of air bubbles and entrained water, produced by
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. injecting air at some depth below water surface.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F818 − 16 (2020)
berms—a barrier for spills on land constructed of available external flotation (aka outboard flotation)—flotation ele-
materials such as earth, gravel, or snow. ment located external to the boom membrane.
ice slotting—in order to contain oil spilled under river ice, a external tension—externaltensionmemberseparatedfromthe
slot is cut through the ice transverse to the direction of flow,
boom membrane by bridles.
capturing oil and preventing it from moving downstream.
fin—portion of the boom membrane above the float.
net boom—special purpose boom in which all or part of the
float—separable component of a boom that provides buoy-
membrane material is netting.
ancy.
plunging water jet barrier—special purpose barrier created
flotation—portion of a boom that provides buoyancy.
by a series of coherent streams of water directed vertically
downward into a body of water.
handhold—any strap, handle, depression, or other provision
for grasping the boom by hand.
shore seal boom—boom that, when grounded, seals against
the shoreline.
hinge—location between boom segments at which the boom
can be folded back 180° upon itself.
silt barrier—boom with very deep skirt used to control the
movement of suspended sediments.
internal flotation—flotation element located within the boom
membrane.
special purpose boom—boom that departs from the general
characteristics of “fence type” and “curtain type” booms,
lifting point—structural point on the end connector or along
either in design or intended use.
the length of a boom section designed for the attachment of
submersible boom—boomthatnormallyresidesontheseabed a lifting device, such as a crane.
and is positioned by inflating with air, causing it to rise to the
membrane—continuous portion of a boom that serves as a
water surface.
barrier to the movement of a substance.
water jet barrier—barrier created by stream of pressurized
pressure inflated—inflatable boom that requires pressurized
water spray directed across the water surface.
gas for its flotation.
underflow dams—abarrierforspillsincreeks,inwhichadam
self-inflating—boom that automatically inflates as it is de-
is created and includes a pipe below the water level to allow
ployed.
the passage of water while still preventing the flow of oil on
the surface. The upstream end of the pipe is submerged and
skirt—continuous portion of the boom below the floats.
the downstream end of the pipe is elevated.
solid flotation—boom that uses solid buoyant material for the
Components
flotation element.
accessories—optional mechanical devices used on or
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