ISO/TC 28/SC 4 - Classifications and specifications

This document provides guidance and requirements for the maintenance in service of mineral oils used as lubricating oils and control fluids used to lubricate steam, gas and combined cycle turbines in service. This document is applicable to lubricants classified in ISO 6743-5 and specified in ISO 8068, except the grades TSD, TGD and TCD (phosphate esters) for which ISO 11365 is more relevant, and the grades TGCE, THA, THCH, THCE and THE. This document also gives guidance and requirements with respect to the corrective actions that are taken to maximize service life.

This document provides guidance and requirements for the maintenance and the use of triaryl phosphate esters as fire-resistant fluids for turbine control, other hydraulic systems in power generation and fire-resistant turbine fluids. This document is applicable to fluids under the HFDR category defined in ISO 6743-4 and under the TCD, TSD and TGD categories defined in ISO 6743-5.

This document defines the general requirements and specifications for methanol from all forms of production at the point of custody transfer, prior to any onboard required treatment, for use as fuel in marine diesel engines, fuel cells and other marine applications. The specifications in this document can also be applied to methanol used as fuel in land-based applications of the same or similar type as those used for marine purposes.

This document specifies the characteristics of unused triaryl phosphate ester fluids for turbine governor controls and other hydraulic systems in electrical power stations. Fluids used in this application are classified under category TCD of ISO 6743-5.

This document in its entirety defines the general requirements and specifications for fuels used in marine diesel engines and boilers, prior to onboard fuel handling (storage, settling, centrifuging, filtration, heating) before use. For the purposes of this document, the term “fuels” comprises of the following: — hydrocarbons from petroleum crude oil, oil sands and shale oil; — synthetic hydrocarbons, renewable hydrocarbons or hydrocarbons from recycled sources, with molecular structures that are indistinguishable from petroleum hydrocarbons; — fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), where permitted as specified in this document; — blends of any of the above, where permitted as specified in this document. The general requirements and specifications for fuels in this document can also be applied to fuels used in stationary diesel engines of the same or similar type as those used for marine purposes. This document specifies seven categories of distillate fuels, one of which is for diesel engines used for emergency purposes. It also specifies four categories of residual fuels for sulfur content at or below 0,50 % by mass, five categories of residual fuels containing FAME and five categories of residual fuels for sulfur content exceeding 0,50 % by mass.

This document establishes the specifications relative to family C (gears) for lubricants, industrial oils and related products of class L (see ISO 6743-6). This document deals only with lubricants for enclosed gear systems. Lubricants for open gears and greases for gears (enclosed or open) are covered by the other parts of the ISO 12925 series (i.e. ISO 12925-2 and ISO 12925-3). This document is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-6. The following categories specified in ISO 6743-6 are covered by this document: CKB, CKC, CKD, CKE, CKSMP, CKTG, CKES, CKPG, CKPR, CSPG, CSPR, CTPG and CTPR. Detailed information about the different types of gear, and lubricants, and their selection for gearbox design and service conditions can be found in ISO/TR 18792.

This document defines the detailed classification of marine fuels within class F (fuels). It is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 8216-99. NOTE Class F for fuels was originally defined as part of the method of classification for petroleum products given in ISO 8681.

This document specifies the minimum requirements for lubricants for turbines, as delivered. It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 6743-5. This document specifies the requirements for a wide variety of lubricants for the lubrication of most types of turbines for power generation, including steam turbines, gas turbines, single shaft combined cycle turbines with common lubrication system and hydraulic turbines. This document does not specify the requirements for lubricants for wind turbines, which are covered in ISO 12925-1. The following lubricants are considered: — mineral oils, of either API groups I, II, II+, III, including group III from GTL (gas to liquid) process, and III+. Some API groups II and III are suitable for high temperature gas turbines; — synthetic lubricants, esters (API group V) and polyalphaolefins (API group IV), intended for high temperature gas turbines; — synthetic lubricants, esters (API group V) and polyalphaolefins (API group IV), environmentally acceptable for use in hydraulic turbines; — fire resistant phosphate-ester type lubricants.

This document specifies the operational characteristics for the various categories of fire-resistant fluids defined by ISO 6743-4. It includes requirements and guidelines for use of these fluids and specifies the factors to consider when selecting a fluid from these categories for a proposed application. This document identifies difficulties which can arise from the use of such fluids and indicates how they can be minimized. Procedures are given for replacing one fluid with another from a different category. Health and safety aspects when handling and disposing of fire-resistant fluids are also covered. This document does not apply to fire-resistant fluids used in the hydraulic systems of commercial or military aircraft.

This document specifies the requirements for environmentally acceptable hydraulic fluids and is intended for hydraulic systems, particularly hydraulic fluid power systems. The purpose of this document is to provide guidance and requirements for suppliers and users of environmentally acceptable hydraulic fluids, and for the direction of original equipment manufacturers of hydraulic systems. This document stipulates the requirements for environmentally acceptable hydraulic fluids at the time of delivery. Classification of fluids used in hydraulic application is defined in ISO 6743-4. This document encompasses the four categories of environmentally acceptable fluids covered by ISO 6743-4, namely HETG (triglycerides), HEPG (polyglycols), HEES (synthetic esters) and HEPR (polyalphaolefins and other synthetic hydrocarbons).

This document specifies the minimum requirements for new mineral oil hydraulic fluids and is intended for hydraulic systems, particularly for hydrostatic hydraulic fluid power application. The purpose of this document is to guide suppliers and end users of mineral oil hydraulic fluids and to direct equipment manufacturers of hydraulic systems. This document is written in a general form so that its application can accommodate various climatic conditions. This document also stipulates the requirements for mineral-oil hydraulic fluids at the time of delivery. This document is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 6743-4, which classifies fluids used in hydraulic applications. Among the categories covered by ISO 6743-4, only five types of mineral oil-based fluids are covered in this document. These categories are HH, HL, HM, HV and HG. This document does not cover the extreme cases of use in terms of hydraulic circuits design, temperature and extreme conditions. NOTE For use in exceptional conditions, suppliers and purchasers of lubricants can mutually agree upon additional testing methods and acceptability criteria of the products. .

This document provides best practices on the calculation and use of an informative indicator for the characterization of fossil residual marine fuels not containing FAME as defined in ISO 8217. This document is based on established guidance used by the petroleum industry to characterize petroleum fractions in terms of their paraffinic, naphthenic or aromatic nature, by their viscosity-gravity constant.

This document establishes the specifications relative to family X (greases) for lubricants, industrial oils and related products of Class L (see ISO 6743-9). Those greases are mainly used for the lubrication of anti-friction bearings fitted on machines, vehicles, etc. This document is written in a general form so that its application can accommodate various climatic conditions throughout the world. It also stipulates the requirements for the lubricating grease at the time of the delivery. NOTE 1 This document is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-9. NOTE 2 Greases for gear applications are specified in ISO 12925-3.

This document specifies the minimum requirements for mineral or synthetic based lubricants, as delivered, and intended for use in flooded rotary air compressors (vane and screw). This document can be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-3. NOTE For the purposes of this document, the term “% (m/m)” is used to represent the mass fraction of a material.

This document establishes a classification and specifies the minimum requirements for mineral or synthetic base stock-based greases for the categories CKG and CKL according to ISO 6743-6 intended for the lubrication of enclosed and open gear systems. This document does not cover the extreme cases of use in terms of temperature and extreme charges conditions. For use in exceptional conditions, suppliers and purchasers of lubricants are intended to mutually agree on the testing methods and the acceptability criteria of the products, not covered by this document. NOTE 1 This document can be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-6, ISO 6743-9[1], ISO 12924[3] and ISO 6743-99[2]. NOTE 2 For the purpose of this document, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent respectively the mass fraction and the volume fraction of a material.

This document specifies the quality requirements for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) used as a fuel for marine applications. It defines the relevant parameters to measure as well as the required values and the test reference methods for all those parameters. This document applies to LNG from any source, e.g. gas from conventional reservoirs, shale gas, coalbed methane, biomethane, synthetic methane. LNG described in this document can come from synthesis process out of fossil fuels or renewable sources. This document identifies the required specifications for fuels delivered at the time and place of custody transfer (at the delivery point).

This document establishes an extended classification which includes sub-categories of environmentally acceptable lubricants and specifies the minimum requirements for mineral or synthetic based lubricants for the categories CKH, CKJ and CKM, according to ISO 6743-6, and their sub-categories of environmentally acceptable lubricants, intended for the lubrication of open and semi-enclosed gears. This document covers the lubricants applied in the open and semi-enclosed gear systems most currently encountered in the industry. It does not cover the extreme cases of use with regards to temperature and extreme charges conditions. NOTE 1 For use in exceptional conditions, suppliers and purchasers of lubricants can mutually agree on additional testing methods and acceptability criteria of the products. NOTE 2 This document can be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-6.

This document specifies the minimum requirements of unused fire-resistant and less flammable hydraulic fluids for hydrostatic and hydrodynamic systems in general industrial applications. It is not intended for use in aerospace or power-generation applications, where different requirements apply. It provides guidance for suppliers and end users of these less hazardous fluids and to the manufacturers of hydraulic equipment in which they are used. Of the categories covered by ISO 6743-4, which classifies the different types of fluids used in hydraulic applications, only the following are detailed in this document: HFAE, HFAS, HFB, HFC, HFDR and HFDU. Types HFAE, HFAS, HFB, HFC and HFDR are "fire-resistant" fluids as defined by ISO 5598. Most HFDU fluids, while displaying an improvement in combustion behaviour over mineral oil, fall outside this definition and are more appropriately considered as "less flammable" fluids.

This document specifies the minimum requirements for mineral or synthetic based lubricants intended for use in all types of refrigerating compressors. NOTE This document can be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-3.

This document addresses quality considerations that apply to marine fuels in view of the implementation of maximum 0,50 mass % S in 2020 and the range of marine fuels that will be placed on the market in response to the international statutory requirements to reduce exhaust gas emissions. It defines general requirements that apply to all 0,50 mass % sulfur (S) fuels and confirms the applicability of ISO 8217 for those fuels. It gives technical considerations which might apply to particular fuels for the following characteristics: — kinematic viscosity; — cold flow properties; — stability; — ignition characteristics; — catalyst fines. Additionally, it provides considerations on the compatibility between fuels and additional information on ISO 8217:2017, Annex B (see Annexes B and D). NOTE 1 For the purposes of this document, 0,50 mass % S fuels refers to distillate and residual fuels with a sulfur content up to 0,50 mass %. NOTE 2 For the purposes of this document, "mass %" and "volume %" are used to represent the mass and volume fractions respectively. NOTE 3 This document can also be used in conjunction with earlier editions of ISO 8217 in the event an earlier edition is referenced in the commercial agreement between parties.

This document specifies the minimum requirements for mineral or synthetic based lubricants intended for use in reciprocating and drip feed rotary air compressors (vane compressors) with the compression chamber(s)/cylinders lubricated by direct lubricant injection. NOTE This document can be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-3[1].

ISO 6743-6:2018 establishes the detailed classification of fluids of Family C (gear systems) which belongs to class L (lubricants, industrial oils and related products). It can be read in conjunction with ISO 6743‑99. The classification in this document concerns lubricants for industrial gears and excludes lubricants for automotive gears.

ISO 11365:2017 is applicable to the use of triaryl phosphate esters as fire-resistant fluids for turbine control and other hydraulic systems in power generation. These fluids fall under category HFDR of ISO 6743‑4[1]. ISO 11365:2017 is intended to: - assist the power equipment operator to maintain the fluid in a condition that will ensure the safe and reliable operation of the turbine while maximizing fluid life; - recommend procedures for examining consignments of new fluid and monitoring the fluid in use; - provide information on the safe handling, storage and disposal of the fluid; - offer background information on the causes of fluid degradation.

ISO 6743-4:2015 establishes the detailed classification of fluids of Family H (Hydraulic systems) which belong to class L (Lubricants, industrial oils, and related products). It is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 6743‑99. This classification system does not include automotive brake fluids or aircraft hydraulic fluids.

ISO 16861:2015 specifies the characteristics of DME used as fuel of which the main component is the dimethyl ether synthesized from any organic raw materials. ISO 16861:2015 is applicable for DME used as heating fuel, industrial fuel, and to replace diesel fuel or gas oil. It does not deal with the possible additives necessary for specific end-use applications, for example, odorant typically added to heating fuel and lubricity improvers for DME used as replacement of diesel. Such additives are typically specified for the different end-use applications, at an appropriate level ? national, regional, or international.

ISO 17786:2015 specifies a procedure of test for high temperature (105 °C) evaporation residue in DME used as fuel by the mass analysis method. This procedure is applicable to determine the amount of high temperature (105 °C) evaporation residue up to the value specified in ISO 16861. Several tests can be applied to determine amount of evaporation residue in liquefied products. Among them, this International Standard specifies the method that has detection limit sufficient for a DME specification in ISO 16861, using less resource compared to other methods. When more precise quantitative test is required, use of ISO 13757 instead of this International Standard is recommended. Because of the procedure applied, the evaporation residue which has a boiling point lower than 105 °C will not be determined. NOTE The precision of this method has been studied for a limited set of samples and content levels by a limited amount of labs. It allows establishment of a quality specification of DME but cannot be considered as a full precision determination in line with the usual statistical methodology as in ISO 4259.

ISO 17198:2014 specifies a procedure of test for the sulfur content in dimethyl ether (DME) used as fuel by the ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence method. This procedure is applicable to determine the amount of total sulfur up to the value specified in ISO 16861. This test method will not measure sulfur that is not volatile under the practical conditions of the test, namely room temperature and atmospheric pressure. NOTE The precision of this method has been studied for a limited set of samples and content levels by a limited amount of labs. It allows establishment of a quality specification of DME but cannot be considered as a full precision determination in line with the usual statistical methodology as in ISO 4259.

ISO 17196:2014 specifies a procedure of test for methanol, CO, CO2, methyl formate, ethyl methyl ether, and hydrocarbons up to C4, in DME used as fuel by the gas chromatography method. This procedure is applicable to determine the amount of methanol, CO, CO2, methyl formate, ethyl methyl ether, and hydrocarbons up to C4, up to the value specified in ISO 16861. NOTE The precision of this method has been studied for a limited set of samples and content levels by a limited number of labs. It allows establishment of a quality specification of DME but cannot be considered as a full precision determination in line with the usual statistical methodology as in ISO 4259.

ISO 17197:2014 specifies a procedure of test for the amount of water content in DME used as fuel by the Karl Fischer titration method. This procedure is applicable to determine the amount of water up to the value specified in ISO 16861. This test method is intended for use with commercially available coulometric (or volumetric) Karl Fischer reagents and for the determination of water in DME additives, lube oils, base oils, automatic transmission fluids, hydrocarbon solvents, and other petroleum products. By proper choice of the sample size, this test method can be used to determine water from mg/kg (ppm) to percent level concentrations. NOTE The precision of this method has been studied for a limited set of samples and content levels by a limited amount of labs. It allows establishment of a quality specification of DME but cannot be considered as a full precision determination in line with the usual statistical methodology as in ISO 4259.

ISO 4261:2013 specifies the requirements for petroleum fuels for gas turbines (see ISO 3977) used in public utility, industrial, and marine applications. It does not cover requirements for gas turbine fuels for aviation use. ISO 4261:2013 is intended for the guidance of users such as turbine manufacturers, suppliers, and purchasers of gas turbine fuels.

ISO 9162:2013 specifies required characteristics and additional information to be supplied to the purchaser by the vendor of those products commonly referred to as liquefied petroleum gases (see ISO 8216‑3) and is intended to apply to international transfers of commercial propane and commercial butane. ISO 9162:2013 is neither intended nor expected to replace or encroach upon national standards of any country since each country is subject to different regulations, codes, industry practices and market utilization.

ISO 13738:2011 specifies the requirements of lubricating oils (hereinafter referred to as "two-stroke oils") to be used in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines which employ a crankcase scavenging system and are used in transportation, leisure and utility applications, such as motorcycles, snowmobiles and chainsaws. The requirements specified in ISO 13738:2011 are applicable to the categories of two-stroke oils, EGB, EGC and EGD, covered in ISO 6743-15, which defines the classification of lubricating oils for use in internal combustion engines.

ISO/TS 11366:2011 applies to mineral oils used as lubricating oils and to control fluids used to lubricate steam, gas and combined cycle turbines in service. The lubricants considered in ISO/TS 11366:2011 are those classified in ISO 6743-5 and specified in ISO 8068. ISO/TS 11366:2011 is intended to help power equipment operators evaluate the conditions of the oil in their equipment and maintain the oils in serviceable conditions; help users understand how the oils deteriorate and carry out a meaningful programme of sampling and testing of oils in use. ISO/TS 11366:2011 also gives instructions with respect to the corrective actions that are taken to maximize service life.

ISO 6743-15:2007 establishes the detailed classification, in tabular form, of engine lubricating oils for use in the following internal combustion engines: two-stroke cycle, spark-ignition gasoline engines that employ a crankcase scavenging system and are used in transportation, leisure and utility applications, such as motorcycles, snowmobiles, chainsaws (hereinafter referred to as two-stroke engine oils) and in four-stroke cycle, spark-ignition gasoline engines that employ a common sump containing the lubricant for both the engine and the drive train/starter/transmission of motorcycles, motor scooters, all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) and related equipment (hereinafter referred to as four-stroke engine oils). Outboard motor and marine engine applications are described. It is expected that ISO 6743-15:2007 be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-99.

ISO 24254:2007 specifies the requirements of lubricating engine oils (hereinafter referred to as “four-stroke engine oils”) to be used in four-stroke cycle spark ignition gasoline engines employing a common sump containing the lubricating oil for both the engine and associated drivetrain (transmission, clutch, starter) of motorcycles, motor scooters, all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) and related equipment. Classification of four-stroke engine oils is defined in ISO 6743-15. The performance requirements of four-stroke engine oils classified in all of the categories covered by ISO 6743-15, EMA and EMB, are embraced in this specification. ISO 24254:2007 specifies the performance classification of four-stroke cycle gasoline engine oils, based on physical and chemical properties, and three friction performance indices, which are derived from the frictional properties of the lubricant, according to the JASO T904 test procedure.

ISO 6743-5:2006 establishes the detailed classification of fluids of family T (Turbines) that belong to class L (Lubricants, industrials oils and related products).

ISO 10050:2005 specifies the characteristics of unused triaryl phosphate ester fluids for turbine governor controls and other hydraulic systems in electrical power stations.

ISO 6743-3:2003 establishes the detailed classification of lubricants for use in family D, air compressors, gas compressors and refrigeration compressors. The intention of ISO 6743-3:2003 is to provide a rationalized range of the most commonly used internationally available lubricants for air, gas and refrigeration compressors, without resorting to unnecessary restriction by specifications or products description. The primary intention of this classification is to describe and promote the use of the type of lubricant which is best suited for the particular application, specifically with stationary air compressors, with the aim of reducing as far as possible the risks of fire and explosion. Relevant safety rules are given in ISO 5388. ISO 6743-3:2003 should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-99.

ISO 6743-9:2003 establishes a detailed classification of family X (Greases) which belongs to class L (Lubricants, industrial oils and related products). It should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-99. This classification applies to categories of greases used for lubrication of equipment, components of machines, vehicles, etc.

ISO 19378:2003 provides the manufacturers and users of machine tools with criteria for the choice among the various categories of lubricants and gives specifications for these lubricants. ISO 19378:2003 facilitates the application of ISO 5169 relating to the presentation of lubrication instructions for machine tools.

ISO 6743-1:2002 establishes the detailed classification of family A (Total loss systems) which belongs to class L (Lubricants, industrial oils and related products). This part should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-99.

ISO 6743-13:2002 establishes the detailed classification of family G (lubricants for slideways). All the lubricants listed in this classification belong to class L (Lubricants, industrial oils and related products). This part should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-99.

ISO 6743-99:2002 establishes a general system of classification, which appliies to lubricants, Industrial oils and related products, designated by the prefix letter "L". Within class L, 18 families of products are defined, according to the application areas of each, so as to cover, as much as possible, all the applications where lubricants, industrial oils and related products are used. The detailed classification of each family is given in other parts of ISO 6743. The classification only applies to new products.

This part of ISO 8216 establishes a general system of classification which applies to petroleum fuels designated by the prefix letter "F". Within class F, five families (designated as categories) of products are defined according to the type of fuel and listed in decreasing order of volatility. One category, D, is defined further by subgroups on the basis of volatility and flash point, because of the safety implications of different customary titles for such fuels in different parts of the world. Subgroup L (light distillate) is a highly volatile liquid fuel with a closed-cup flash point below normal ambient temperature, and thus may require special hazard precautions not necessary for subgroups M and H. The detailed classification of a family, taking into account complementary elements according to the uses, type and properties, define particular products in each category, and are given in relevant parts of ISO 8216 as the need arises. NOTE 1 Petroleum fuels only meet the requirement of this part of ISO 8216 if these fuels, or their components, have not been used for any other purposes prior to their preparation. NOTE 2 Class F for fuels has been defined as part of the method of classification for petroleum products given in ISO 8681.

This Technical Specification has been prepared with the following purposes: _ to facilitate the application of ISO 6743-8 and to specify the characteristics to be taken into account when establishing specifications for a given application; _ to enable these characteristics to serve as a basis for discussion between the end user and the supplier. This Technical Specification does not cover specific requirements which should be examined separately with a view to a common agreement between the end user and the product supplier. This Technical Specification does not cover the health, safety, disposal and environment areas which should be delft with separately, according to the regulations or laws in force in each country.

This Technical Specification has been prepared with the following purposes: _ to facilitate the application of the ISO 6743-7 classification standard and to precisely state the characteristics to be taken into account to establish specifications for a given application; _ these characteristics could serve as a basis for discussion between the end user and the supplier. This Technical Specification does not cover specified requirements which should be examined separately with a view to a common agreement between the end user and the product supplier. This Technical Specification also does not cover the health, safety, disposal and environmental areas which should be dealt with separately, according to the regulations or laws in force in each country.

Establishes the detailed classification of hardening fluids of family U for use in the field of heat treatment. Is intended to provide a standardized code for the identification of lubricants and related products used in the process of hardening metallic materials. Should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-0.

Establishes the detailed classification for pneumatic tools and machines driven by compressed air. This classification system covers only lubricants which are in contact with the compressed air. Pneumatic tools or machinery may have other points of lubrication. This classification applies only for normal operational and environmental conditions. If abnormal conditions are encountered, the manufacture of the equipment and/or the supplier of the lubricant should be consulted. Should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-0.

Defines the categories of products required for the main applications of this family. In the detailed classification shown in the table products are designated in a uniform manner either in complete in an abbreviated form. Should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-0.

Defines the detailed classification of lubricants used for specific applications not already described in the other parts of ISO 6743. These specific applications, which affect relatively small quantities of products, have been gathered into family Y. This part should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-0.