ISO/TC 28/SC 4 - Classifications and specifications

This document specifies the minimum requirements for mineral or synthetic based lubricants, as delivered, and intended for use in flooded rotary air compressors (vane and screw). This document can be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-3. NOTE For the purposes of this document, the term “% (m/m)” is used to represent the mass fraction of a material.

This document establishes a classification and specifies the minimum requirements for mineral or synthetic base stock-based greases for the categories CKG and CKL according to ISO 6743-6 intended for the lubrication of enclosed and open gear systems. This document does not cover the extreme cases of use in terms of temperature and extreme charges conditions. For use in exceptional conditions, suppliers and purchasers of lubricants are intended to mutually agree on the testing methods and the acceptability criteria of the products, not covered by this document. NOTE 1 This document can be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-6, ISO 6743-9[1], ISO 12924[3] and ISO 6743-99[2]. NOTE 2 For the purpose of this document, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent respectively the mass fraction and the volume fraction of a material.

This document specifies the quality requirements for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) used as a fuel for marine applications. It defines the relevant parameters to measure as well as the required values and the test reference methods for all those parameters. This document applies to LNG from any source, e.g. gas from conventional reservoirs, shale gas, coalbed methane, biomethane, synthetic methane. LNG described in this document can come from synthesis process out of fossil fuels or renewable sources. This document identifies the required specifications for fuels delivered at the time and place of custody transfer (at the delivery point).

This document establishes an extended classification which includes sub-categories of environmentally acceptable lubricants and specifies the minimum requirements for mineral or synthetic based lubricants for the categories CKH, CKJ and CKM, according to ISO 6743-6, and their sub-categories of environmentally acceptable lubricants, intended for the lubrication of open and semi-enclosed gears. This document covers the lubricants applied in the open and semi-enclosed gear systems most currently encountered in the industry. It does not cover the extreme cases of use with regards to temperature and extreme charges conditions. NOTE 1 For use in exceptional conditions, suppliers and purchasers of lubricants can mutually agree on additional testing methods and acceptability criteria of the products. NOTE 2 This document can be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-6.

This document specifies the minimum requirements of unused fire-resistant and less flammable hydraulic fluids for hydrostatic and hydrodynamic systems in general industrial applications. It is not intended for use in aerospace or power-generation applications, where different requirements apply. It provides guidance for suppliers and end users of these less hazardous fluids and to the manufacturers of hydraulic equipment in which they are used. Of the categories covered by ISO 6743-4, which classifies the different types of fluids used in hydraulic applications, only the following are detailed in this document: HFAE, HFAS, HFB, HFC, HFDR and HFDU. Types HFAE, HFAS, HFB, HFC and HFDR are "fire-resistant" fluids as defined by ISO 5598. Most HFDU fluids, while displaying an improvement in combustion behaviour over mineral oil, fall outside this definition and are more appropriately considered as "less flammable" fluids.

This document specifies the minimum requirements for mineral or synthetic based lubricants intended for use in all types of refrigerating compressors. NOTE This document can be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-3.

This document addresses quality considerations that apply to marine fuels in view of the implementation of maximum 0,50 mass % S in 2020 and the range of marine fuels that will be placed on the market in response to the international statutory requirements to reduce exhaust gas emissions. It defines general requirements that apply to all 0,50 mass % sulfur (S) fuels and confirms the applicability of ISO 8217 for those fuels. It gives technical considerations which might apply to particular fuels for the following characteristics: — kinematic viscosity; — cold flow properties; — stability; — ignition characteristics; — catalyst fines. Additionally, it provides considerations on the compatibility between fuels and additional information on ISO 8217:2017, Annex B (see Annexes B and D). NOTE 1 For the purposes of this document, 0,50 mass % S fuels refers to distillate and residual fuels with a sulfur content up to 0,50 mass %. NOTE 2 For the purposes of this document, "mass %" and "volume %" are used to represent the mass and volume fractions respectively. NOTE 3 This document can also be used in conjunction with earlier editions of ISO 8217 in the event an earlier edition is referenced in the commercial agreement between parties.

This document specifies the minimum requirements for mineral or synthetic based lubricants intended for use in reciprocating and drip feed rotary air compressors (vane compressors) with the compression chamber(s)/cylinders lubricated by direct lubricant injection. NOTE This document can be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-3[1].

ISO 6743-6:2018 establishes the detailed classification of fluids of Family C (gear systems) which belongs to class L (lubricants, industrial oils and related products). It can be read in conjunction with ISO 6743‑99. The classification in this document concerns lubricants for industrial gears and excludes lubricants for automotive gears.

ISO 12925-1:2018 establishes the specifications relative to family C (gears) for lubricants, industrial oils and related products of Class L (see ISO 6743‑6). This document deals only with lubricants for enclosed gear systems. Lubricants for open gears and greases for gears (enclosed or open) are not covered. ISO 12925-1:2018 can be read in conjunction with ISO 6743‑6. The following categories specified in ISO 6743‑6 are covered by this document: CKB, CKC, CKD, CKE, CKSMP, CKTG, CKES, CKPG, CKPR.

ISO 11365:2017 is applicable to the use of triaryl phosphate esters as fire-resistant fluids for turbine control and other hydraulic systems in power generation. These fluids fall under category HFDR of ISO 6743‑4[1]. ISO 11365:2017 is intended to: - assist the power equipment operator to maintain the fluid in a condition that will ensure the safe and reliable operation of the turbine while maximizing fluid life; - recommend procedures for examining consignments of new fluid and monitoring the fluid in use; - provide information on the safe handling, storage and disposal of the fluid; - offer background information on the causes of fluid degradation.

ISO 8217:2017 specifies the requirements for fuels for use in marine diesel engines and boilers, prior to conventional onboard treatment (settling, centrifuging, filtration) before use. The specifications for fuels in this document can also be applied to fuels used in stationary diesel engines of the same or similar type as those used for marine purposes. ISO 8217:2017 specifies seven categories of distillate fuels, one of which is for diesel engines used for emergency purposes. It also specifies six categories of residual fuels. For the purposes of this document, the term "fuels" is currently used to include the following: - hydrocarbons from petroleum crude oil, oil sands and shale; - hydrocarbons from synthetic or renewable sources, similar in composition to petroleum distillate fuels; - blends of the above with a fatty acid methyl ester(s) (FAME) component where permitted. NOTE 1 Appropriate guidance about fuel treatment systems for diesel engines is published by the International Council on Combustion Engines (CIMAC)[5]. NOTE 2 Requirements for gas turbine fuels used in marine applications are specified in ISO 4261[6]. NOTE 3 For the purposes of this document, the terms "mass %" and "volume %" are used to represent the mass and volume fractions respectively.

ISO 8216-1:2017 defines the detailed classification of marine fuels within class F (petroleum fuels). It is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 8216‑99.

ISO 15380:2016 specifies the requirements for environmentally acceptable hydraulic fluids and is intended for hydraulic systems, particularly hydraulic fluid power systems. The purpose of this International Standard is to provide guidance for suppliers and users of environmentally acceptable hydraulic fluids and for the direction of original equipment manufacturers of hydraulic systems. ISO 15380:2016 stipulates the requirements for environmentally acceptable hydraulic fluids at the time of delivery. Classification of fluids used in hydraulic application is defined in ISO 6743‑4. ISO 15380:2016 encompasses only four of the categories of environmentally acceptable fluids covered by ISO 6743‑4. These categories are HETG, HEPG, HEES and HEPR. The minimum content of base fluid for each category shall not be less than 70 % (m/m).

ISO 6743-4:2015 establishes the detailed classification of fluids of Family H (Hydraulic systems) which belong to class L (Lubricants, industrial oils, and related products). It is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 6743‑99. This classification system does not include automotive brake fluids or aircraft hydraulic fluids.

ISO 16861:2015 specifies the characteristics of DME used as fuel of which the main component is the dimethyl ether synthesized from any organic raw materials. ISO 16861:2015 is applicable for DME used as heating fuel, industrial fuel, and to replace diesel fuel or gas oil. It does not deal with the possible additives necessary for specific end-use applications, for example, odorant typically added to heating fuel and lubricity improvers for DME used as replacement of diesel. Such additives are typically specified for the different end-use applications, at an appropriate level ? national, regional, or international.

ISO 17786:2015 specifies a procedure of test for high temperature (105 °C) evaporation residue in DME used as fuel by the mass analysis method. This procedure is applicable to determine the amount of high temperature (105 °C) evaporation residue up to the value specified in ISO 16861. Several tests can be applied to determine amount of evaporation residue in liquefied products. Among them, this International Standard specifies the method that has detection limit sufficient for a DME specification in ISO 16861, using less resource compared to other methods. When more precise quantitative test is required, use of ISO 13757 instead of this International Standard is recommended. Because of the procedure applied, the evaporation residue which has a boiling point lower than 105 °C will not be determined. NOTE The precision of this method has been studied for a limited set of samples and content levels by a limited amount of labs. It allows establishment of a quality specification of DME but cannot be considered as a full precision determination in line with the usual statistical methodology as in ISO 4259.

ISO 17198:2014 specifies a procedure of test for the sulfur content in dimethyl ether (DME) used as fuel by the ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence method. This procedure is applicable to determine the amount of total sulfur up to the value specified in ISO 16861. This test method will not measure sulfur that is not volatile under the practical conditions of the test, namely room temperature and atmospheric pressure. NOTE The precision of this method has been studied for a limited set of samples and content levels by a limited amount of labs. It allows establishment of a quality specification of DME but cannot be considered as a full precision determination in line with the usual statistical methodology as in ISO 4259.

ISO 17196:2014 specifies a procedure of test for methanol, CO, CO2, methyl formate, ethyl methyl ether, and hydrocarbons up to C4, in DME used as fuel by the gas chromatography method. This procedure is applicable to determine the amount of methanol, CO, CO2, methyl formate, ethyl methyl ether, and hydrocarbons up to C4, up to the value specified in ISO 16861. NOTE The precision of this method has been studied for a limited set of samples and content levels by a limited number of labs. It allows establishment of a quality specification of DME but cannot be considered as a full precision determination in line with the usual statistical methodology as in ISO 4259.

ISO 17197:2014 specifies a procedure of test for the amount of water content in DME used as fuel by the Karl Fischer titration method. This procedure is applicable to determine the amount of water up to the value specified in ISO 16861. This test method is intended for use with commercially available coulometric (or volumetric) Karl Fischer reagents and for the determination of water in DME additives, lube oils, base oils, automatic transmission fluids, hydrocarbon solvents, and other petroleum products. By proper choice of the sample size, this test method can be used to determine water from mg/kg (ppm) to percent level concentrations. NOTE The precision of this method has been studied for a limited set of samples and content levels by a limited amount of labs. It allows establishment of a quality specification of DME but cannot be considered as a full precision determination in line with the usual statistical methodology as in ISO 4259.

ISO 4261:2013 specifies the requirements for petroleum fuels for gas turbines (see ISO 3977) used in public utility, industrial, and marine applications. It does not cover requirements for gas turbine fuels for aviation use. ISO 4261:2013 is intended for the guidance of users such as turbine manufacturers, suppliers, and purchasers of gas turbine fuels.

ISO 9162:2013 specifies required characteristics and additional information to be supplied to the purchaser by the vendor of those products commonly referred to as liquefied petroleum gases (see ISO 8216‑3) and is intended to apply to international transfers of commercial propane and commercial butane. ISO 9162:2013 is neither intended nor expected to replace or encroach upon national standards of any country since each country is subject to different regulations, codes, industry practices and market utilization.

ISO 13738:2011 specifies the requirements of lubricating oils (hereinafter referred to as "two-stroke oils") to be used in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines which employ a crankcase scavenging system and are used in transportation, leisure and utility applications, such as motorcycles, snowmobiles and chainsaws. The requirements specified in ISO 13738:2011 are applicable to the categories of two-stroke oils, EGB, EGC and EGD, covered in ISO 6743-15, which defines the classification of lubricating oils for use in internal combustion engines.

ISO/TS 11366:2011 applies to mineral oils used as lubricating oils and to control fluids used to lubricate steam, gas and combined cycle turbines in service. The lubricants considered in ISO/TS 11366:2011 are those classified in ISO 6743-5 and specified in ISO 8068. ISO/TS 11366:2011 is intended to help power equipment operators evaluate the conditions of the oil in their equipment and maintain the oils in serviceable conditions; help users understand how the oils deteriorate and carry out a meaningful programme of sampling and testing of oils in use. ISO/TS 11366:2011 also gives instructions with respect to the corrective actions that are taken to maximize service life.

ISO 7745:2010 specifies the operational characteristics for the various categories of fire-resistant fluids defined by ISO 6743-4. ISO 7745:2010 details the factors to be considered when selecting a fluid from these categories for a proposed application. ISO 7745:2010 identifies difficulties which might arise from the use of such fluids and indicates how they may be minimized. Appropriate procedures are given for replacing one fluid with another from a different category. Health and safety aspects when handling and disposing of fire-resistant fluids are also covered. ISO 7745:2010 does not apply to fire-resistant fluids used in the hydraulic systems of commercial or military aircraft. The appropriate aviation standards are also usually applied where aircraft hydraulic fluids are filled into ground-based systems.

ISO 12924:2010 specifies the requirements of greases used for the lubrication of equipment, components of machines, vehicles, etc. The purpose of ISO 12924:2010 is to provide guidance suppliers and end users of greases and to equipment manufacturers of grease-lubricated equipment. ISO 12924:2010 is written in a general form so that its application can accommodate various climatic conditions throughout the world. ISO 12924:2010 also stipulates the requirements for the lubricating grease at the time of the delivery. The classification of family X (greases), which belongs to class L (lubricants, industrial oils and related products), is specified in ISO 6743-9. In this classification, a grease cannot have more than one symbol. This symbol is expected to correspond to the most severe conditions of temperature, water contamination and load in which the grease can be used. It is intended that ISO 12924:2010 be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-9.

ISO 11158:2009 specifies the minimum requirements for new mineral oil hydraulic fluids and is intended for hydraulic systems, particularly for hydrostatic hydraulic fluid power application. The purpose of ISO 11158:2009 is for the guidance of suppliers and end users of mineral oil hydraulic fluids and for the direction of equipment manufacturers of hydraulic systems. ISO 11158:2009 is written in a general form so that its application can accommodate various climatic conditions throughout the world. ISO 11158:2009 also stipulates the requirements for mineral-oil hydraulic fluids at the time of delivery. Classification of fluids used in hydraulic applications is defined in ISO 6743-4. Of the categories covered by ISO 6743-4, only five types of mineral oil based fluids are embraced in ISO 11158:2009. These categories are HH, HL, HM, HV and HG.

ISO 6743-15:2007 establishes the detailed classification, in tabular form, of engine lubricating oils for use in the following internal combustion engines: two-stroke cycle, spark-ignition gasoline engines that employ a crankcase scavenging system and are used in transportation, leisure and utility applications, such as motorcycles, snowmobiles, chainsaws (hereinafter referred to as two-stroke engine oils) and in four-stroke cycle, spark-ignition gasoline engines that employ a common sump containing the lubricant for both the engine and the drive train/starter/transmission of motorcycles, motor scooters, all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) and related equipment (hereinafter referred to as four-stroke engine oils). Outboard motor and marine engine applications are described. It is expected that ISO 6743-15:2007 be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-99.

ISO 24254:2007 specifies the requirements of lubricating engine oils (hereinafter referred to as “four-stroke engine oils”) to be used in four-stroke cycle spark ignition gasoline engines employing a common sump containing the lubricating oil for both the engine and associated drivetrain (transmission, clutch, starter) of motorcycles, motor scooters, all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) and related equipment. Classification of four-stroke engine oils is defined in ISO 6743-15. The performance requirements of four-stroke engine oils classified in all of the categories covered by ISO 6743-15, EMA and EMB, are embraced in this specification. ISO 24254:2007 specifies the performance classification of four-stroke cycle gasoline engine oils, based on physical and chemical properties, and three friction performance indices, which are derived from the frictional properties of the lubricant, according to the JASO T904 test procedure.

ISO 8068:2006 specifies the minimum requirements for turbine lubricants, as delivered. It specifies the requirements for a wide variety of turbines for power generation, including steam turbines, gas turbines, combined-cycle turbines with a common lubrication system and hydraulic (water driven) turbines. This International Standard does not specify the requirements for wind turbines, which are dealt with in ISO 12925-1. Whilst power generation is the primary application for turbines, steam and gas turbines can also be used to drive rotating equipment, such as pumps and compressors. The lubrication systems of these driven loads can be common to that of the turbine. Turbine installations incorporate complex auxiliary systems requiring lubrication, including hydraulic systems, gearboxes and couplings. Depending upon the design and configuration of the turbine and driven equipment, turbine lubricants can also be used in these auxiliary systems. ISO 8068:2006 should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-5, the classification of different turbine lubricant types. The lubricants considered in ISO 8068:2006 are mineral oils, synthetic lubricants (ester and polyalphaolefin types intended for high-temperature gas turbines), synthetic lubricants (ester and polyalphaolefin types, environmentally acceptable for use in hydraulic turbines) and fire-resistant phosphate-ester type lubricants.

ISO 6743-5:2006 establishes the detailed classification of fluids of family T (Turbines) that belong to class L (Lubricants, industrials oils and related products).

ISO 10050:2005 specifies the characteristics of unused triaryl phosphate ester fluids for turbine governor controls and other hydraulic systems in electrical power stations.

ISO 6743-3:2003 establishes the detailed classification of lubricants for use in family D, air compressors, gas compressors and refrigeration compressors. The intention of ISO 6743-3:2003 is to provide a rationalized range of the most commonly used internationally available lubricants for air, gas and refrigeration compressors, without resorting to unnecessary restriction by specifications or products description. The primary intention of this classification is to describe and promote the use of the type of lubricant which is best suited for the particular application, specifically with stationary air compressors, with the aim of reducing as far as possible the risks of fire and explosion. Relevant safety rules are given in ISO 5388. ISO 6743-3:2003 should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-99.

ISO 6743-9:2003 establishes a detailed classification of family X (Greases) which belongs to class L (Lubricants, industrial oils and related products). It should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-99. This classification applies to categories of greases used for lubrication of equipment, components of machines, vehicles, etc.

ISO 19378:2003 provides the manufacturers and users of machine tools with criteria for the choice among the various categories of lubricants and gives specifications for these lubricants. ISO 19378:2003 facilitates the application of ISO 5169 relating to the presentation of lubrication instructions for machine tools.

ISO 6743-1:2002 establishes the detailed classification of family A (Total loss systems) which belongs to class L (Lubricants, industrial oils and related products). This part should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-99.

ISO 6743-13:2002 establishes the detailed classification of family G (lubricants for slideways). All the lubricants listed in this classification belong to class L (Lubricants, industrial oils and related products). This part should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-99.

ISO 6743-99:2002 establishes a general system of classification, which appliies to lubricants, Industrial oils and related products, designated by the prefix letter "L". Within class L, 18 families of products are defined, according to the application areas of each, so as to cover, as much as possible, all the applications where lubricants, industrial oils and related products are used. The detailed classification of each family is given in other parts of ISO 6743. The classification only applies to new products.

This part of ISO 8216 establishes a general system of classification which applies to petroleum fuels designated by the prefix letter "F". Within class F, five families (designated as categories) of products are defined according to the type of fuel and listed in decreasing order of volatility. One category, D, is defined further by subgroups on the basis of volatility and flash point, because of the safety implications of different customary titles for such fuels in different parts of the world. Subgroup L (light distillate) is a highly volatile liquid fuel with a closed-cup flash point below normal ambient temperature, and thus may require special hazard precautions not necessary for subgroups M and H. The detailed classification of a family, taking into account complementary elements according to the uses, type and properties, define particular products in each category, and are given in relevant parts of ISO 8216 as the need arises. NOTE 1 Petroleum fuels only meet the requirement of this part of ISO 8216 if these fuels, or their components, have not been used for any other purposes prior to their preparation. NOTE 2 Class F for fuels has been defined as part of the method of classification for petroleum products given in ISO 8681.

This Technical Specification has been prepared with the following purposes: _ to facilitate the application of the ISO 6743-7 classification standard and to precisely state the characteristics to be taken into account to establish specifications for a given application; _ these characteristics could serve as a basis for discussion between the end user and the supplier. This Technical Specification does not cover specified requirements which should be examined separately with a view to a common agreement between the end user and the product supplier. This Technical Specification also does not cover the health, safety, disposal and environmental areas which should be dealt with separately, according to the regulations or laws in force in each country.

This Technical Specification has been prepared with the following purposes: _ to facilitate the application of ISO 6743-8 and to specify the characteristics to be taken into account when establishing specifications for a given application; _ to enable these characteristics to serve as a basis for discussion between the end user and the supplier. This Technical Specification does not cover specific requirements which should be examined separately with a view to a common agreement between the end user and the product supplier. This Technical Specification does not cover the health, safety, disposal and environment areas which should be delft with separately, according to the regulations or laws in force in each country.

Establishes the detailed classification of hardening fluids of family U for use in the field of heat treatment. Is intended to provide a standardized code for the identification of lubricants and related products used in the process of hardening metallic materials. Should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-0.

Establishes the detailed classification for pneumatic tools and machines driven by compressed air. This classification system covers only lubricants which are in contact with the compressed air. Pneumatic tools or machinery may have other points of lubrication. This classification applies only for normal operational and environmental conditions. If abnormal conditions are encountered, the manufacture of the equipment and/or the supplier of the lubricant should be consulted. Should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-0.

Defines the categories of products required for the main applications of this family. In the detailed classification shown in the table products are designated in a uniform manner either in complete in an abbreviated form. Should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-0.

Defines the detailed classification of lubricants used for specific applications not already described in the other parts of ISO 6743. These specific applications, which affect relatively small quantities of products, have been gathered into family Y. This part should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-0.

Specifies the detailed classification. Should be read in conjunction with ISO 6743-0. It includes only those products the main function of which is to ensure temporary protection, the word "temporary" being relevant not to time-limit product efficiency but to the capacity for removal of the product after a certain time. It excludes products that are applied for other purposes but also ensure temporary protection. Vapour-phase inhibitors and other chemical products that differ from petroleum products in behaviour are also excluded.

Should be read in conjunction with ISO 8216-0. These gases may be derived from crude oil processing or recovered from natural gas and/or crude oil production. The detailed classification system products are designated in a uniform manner, either in the complete form or in the abbreviated form.