SIST EN 13101:2003

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Steps for underground man entry chambers - Requirements, marking, testing and evaluation of conformityStopnice v podzemne jaške - Zahteve, oznake, preskušanje in ocena skladnostiEchelons pour regards de visite - Exigences, marquage, essais et évaluation de la conformitéSteigeisen für Steigeisengänge in Schächten - Anforderungen, Kennzeichnung, Prüfung und Beurteilung der Konformität97.145LestveLaddersICS:SIST EN 13101:2003enTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13101:200201-oktober-2003SIST EN 13101:2003SLOVENSKI
STANDARD







EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 13101October 2002ICS 97.145English versionSteps for underground man entry chambers - Requirements,marking, testing and evaluation of conformityEchelons de trou d'homme - Prescriptions, marquage,essai, et évaluation de la conformitéSteigeisen für Steigeisengänge in Schächten -Anforderungen, Kennzeichnung, Prüfung und Beurteilungder KonformitätThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 August 2002.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2002 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13101:2002 E



EN 13101:2002 (E)2ContentsForeword.41Scope.52Normative references.53Terms and definitions.64Requirements.64.1General.64.2Materials.64.2.1Metals.64.2.2Plastics encapsulation.74.3Design requirements.74.3.1Types.74.3.2Dimensions.74.3.3Limit of insertion of step.104.3.4Surface condition.104.3.5Corrosion resistance.104.3.6Twist.114.3.7Vertical loading.114.3.8Proof load — Non-ductile materials (Grey cast iron).114.3.9Resistance to pull-out.114.3.10Resistance to impact.114.3.11Integrity of plastics encapsulation.114.3.12Thickness of plastics encapsulation.124.3.13Integrity of galvanizing.125Testing.126Marking and designation.126.1Marking.126.2Designation.137Evaluation of conformity.137.1General.137.2Type testing (initial testing of the product).137.3Factory production control (FPC).147.3.1General.147.3.2Equipment.147.3.3Raw materials and components.147.3.4Product testing and evaluation.147.3.5Non conforming products.15Annex A (normative)
Twist test.16A.1Apparatus.16A.2Procedure.16A.3Test report.16Annex B (normative)
Vertical loading test.17B.1Apparatus.17B.2Procedure.17B.3Test report.17Annex C (normative)
Proof load test for grey cast iron steps.18C.1Apparatus.18C.2Procedure.18C.3Test report.18Annex D (normative)
Pull out/anchorage test.19D.1Apparatus.19



EN 13101:2002 (E)3D.2Preparation.19D.2.1Method 1 - For steps designed to be factory fixed into pre-cast concrete.19D.2.2Method 2 - For steps designed to be fixed into masonry or concrete during construction.19D.2.3Method 3 - For steps designed to be fixed after construction.19D.2.4Method 4 - For steps designed to be replaced.19D.3Procedure.19D.4Test report.19Annex E (normative)
Impact test.21E.1Apparatus.21E.2Procedure.21E.3Test report.21Annex F (normative)
Method of test for integrity of plastics encapsulation.23F.1Apparatus.23F.2Procedure.23F.3Test report.23Annex G (Normative)
Method of test for integrity of plastics encapsulation (dry conditions).25G.1Apparatus.25G.1.1Pore detector.25G.2Procedure.25G.3Test report.25Annex H (normative)
Method of test for thickness of plastics encapsulation.26H.1Apparatus.26H.2Procedure.26H.3Test report.26Annex I (informative)
Evaluation of conformity by third party.27I.1General.27I.2Procedure of the third party control.27I.3Report by the third party.28Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or otherprovisions of EU Directives.29Bibliography.35



EN 13101:2002 (E)4ForewordThis document (EN 13101:2002) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN /TC 165, "Waste waterengineering" the secretariat of which is held by DIN.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text orby endorsement, at the latest by April 2003, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest byJuly 2004.This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the EuropeanFree Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.In this European Standard the Annexes A to F and H are normative and the Annexes G and I are informative.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain,Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.



EN 13101:2002 (E)51 ScopeThis standard specifies general requirements and testing methods for steps manufactured from cast iron, steel oraluminium, for use in manholes and other underground man entry chambers as a means of access.This standard specifies performance criteria for mechanical stability and resistance providing protection againstfalling. Corresponding test methods and evaluation of conformity are included.The steps specified in this European Standard are suitable for use in sewage, surface water
and, subject to therequirements of national regulations, potable water environments.Where steps are to be used in particular corrosive environments, e.g. industrial effluents, additional protection maybe required.This standard does not apply for steps moulded in prefabricated manholes of the same material.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. Fordated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this EuropeanStandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of thepublication referred to applies (including amendments).EN 197-1, Cement - Part 1: Composition, specifications and
conformity criteria for common cements.EN 573-3:1994, Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Chemical
composition and form of wrought products - Part 3:Chemical composition.EN 1561, Founding – Grey cast irons.EN 1562, Founding - Malleable cast irons.EN 1563, Founding - Spheroidal graphite cast irons.EN 2101, Aerospace series; Chromic acid anodizing of aluminium and wrought aluminium alloys.EN 2284, Aerospace series; Sulphuric acid anodizing of aluminium and wrought aluminium alloys.EN 10025, Hot rolled products of non-alloy structural steels; - Technical delivery condition.ENV 10080:1995, Steel for the reinforcement of concrete weldable ribbed reinforcing steel B 500 - Technicaldelivery conditions for bars, coils and welded fabric.EN 10088-1, Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels.EN 10088-3, Stainless steels - Part 3: Technical
delivery conditions for semi-finished
products, bars, rods, wire,sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general and construction purposes .EN ISO 1461, Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles – Specifications. (ISO 1461:1999)ISO 1183, Plastics; Methods for determining the density and relative density of non-cellular plasticsISO 3599, Vernier callipers reading to 0,1 and 0,05 mm).ISO 3893:1977, Concrete; Classification by compressive strength.



EN 13101:2002 (E)63 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1stepcomponent which is capable of being fixed into or attached to the wall of an underground man entry chamber ormanhole to facilitate safe entry and exit3.2single stepstep which is designed to support one foot or hand, and is intended to be installed in a staggered configuration withother such steps3.3double stepstep which is designed to support two feet or two hands next to each other, and is intended to be installed in asingle vertical alignment with other such steps3.4replaceable stepstep designed to allow removal and replacement3.5treadtop surface of a step to accommodate a foot or hand3.6plastic encapsulationpolymeric material providing protection of a metal core3.7stand-off-distancehorizontal distance from the vertical face of the manhole or other chamber to the front of the step after fixing (seeFigure 1)3.8upstandraised part of a step designed to stop the foot slipping laterally off the edge of the step4 Requirements4.1 GeneralSteps shall conform to the requirements of this clause. Where a fixing system is supplied as part of the step, thesystem shall conform to the requirements of this standard.Steps shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. For the installation of the steps, nationalregulations shall be observed.4.2 Materials4.2.1 MetalsSteps shall be manufactured from the following metals:a) Aluminum alloys according to designation 6 060 or 6 106 of EN 573-3:1994.b) cast Iron:



EN 13101:2002 (E)7¾ malleable cast iron conforming to EN 1562;¾ spheroidal graphite (ductile) cast iron conforming to EN 1563;¾ flake graphite (grey) cast iron conforming to EN 1561.c) Steel:¾ steel conforming to EN 10025 or ENV 10080:1995;¾ austenitic stainless steel conforming to EN 10088-1 or EN 10088-3, minimum grade X6CrNiTi18-10.NOTEGrade X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 or better should be used for particularly corrosive environments. Advice should besought from the step manufacturer.4.2.2 Plastics encapsulationThe material for encapsulating steps in plastics shall be polyethylene of minimum density 0,935 g/cm3 (as tested inaccordance with ISO 1183) or equivalent qualities of polypropylene copolymer.NOTEIf encapsulated steps are to be installed or stored where they will be subjected to prolonged exposure to directsunlight, they should be protected from the degradation effects of ultraviolet light. This can be achieved by the use of suitablepigments and/or stabilizers. Advice should be sought from the step manufacturer.4.3 Design requirements4.3.1 TypesSteps shall be one of the following types:¾ Type A : Circular tread without patterned surface, without upstand;¾ Type B: Circular tread without patterned surface, with upstand;¾ Type C: Any shape tread with patterned surface, without upstand;¾ Type D: Any shape tread with patterned surface, with upstand.It is permissible for steps to incorporate a facility for attaching handrails or safety devices.NOTEThe purpose of the patterned surface is to provide some additional resistance to the foot slipping on the tread. Anydesign of the patterned surface, e.g. ribbing or chequering is at the step manufacturer’s discretion.4.3.2 Dimensions4.3.2.1 GeneralSteps shall conform to the relevant dimensions given in 4.3.2 (see Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3) and todimensions and tolerances declared by the producer and shall be measured to the nearest 0,1mm.



EN 13101:2002 (E)8circular manholestraight wallKeyPStand-off-distance (see 4.2.2.2 e)Figure 1 — Stand-off-distanceSide elevationno upstandSide elevationupstandPlan viewKeyTWidth of treadHHeight of upstandWLength of upstandLLength of treadFigure 2 — Dimensions for double and single steps; Example for Circular tread



EN 13101:2002 (E)9Side elevationno upstandSide elevationUpstandPlan viewKeyTWidth of treadHHeight of upstandWLength of upstandLLength of treadFigure 3 — Dimensions for double and single steps; Example for Flat tread4.3.2.2 Requirementsa) Cast iron steps shall have a minimum cross-sectional thickness of 5 mm, at any point;b) Plastics encapsulation shall have a minimum thickness of plastics of 2,5 mm at any point;c) The minimum width of tread (dimension T on Figure 2 and Figure 3) shall be 20 mm;d) The minimum length of tread (dimension L on Figure 2 and Figure 3) shall be 145 mm for single steps and250 mm for double steps;e) The minimum stand-off-distance (dimension P on Figure 1) shall be 120 mm;f) For single and double steps of type B and type D, the following shall apply:¾ Single steps shall have an upstand of between 5 mm to 20 mm high (dimension H on Figure 2 andFigure 3) and at least 25 mm long (dimension W on Figure 2 and Figure 3) on each end of the tread to actas a boot stop;¾ Double steps shall have an upstand of at least 20 mm high (dimension H on Figure 2 and Figure 3) whenmeasured within 70 mm from the front of the step and between 25 mm to 100 mm long (dimension W onFigure 2 and Figure 3) on each end of the tread to act as a boot stop.



EN 13101:2002 (E)104.3.3 Limit of insertion of stepThe limit to which the step should be inserted into the wall of a chamber shall be clearly indicated by a singlechange of section or additional information on the step, except when it is to be factory fixed into a precast concreteunit. When the limit of insertion is not indicated on the step, its manufacturer shall state in his technical literature theinsertion length used in test method D.2.1 of this European Standard.4.3.4 Surface conditionSteps shall be free from visible defects, protrusions or sharp edges.4.3.5 Corrosion resistanceSteps shall be resistant to corrosion, which shall be achieved by the properties of the metal used in manufacture orby a surface treatment or by plastics encapsulation.a) Steel steps;¾ Mild steel and non-austenitic stainless steel steps shall be protected from corrosion by hot dip galvanizingconforming to EN ISO 1461, or by plastics encapsulation;¾ No surface protection is necessary for austenitic stainless steels;b) Aluminium steps;¾ Aluminium steps shall be supplied either with no additional protection (i.e. bare metal), or plasticsencapsulated or anodised in accordance with EN 2101(chromic acid anodizing) or EN 2284 (sulphuricacid anodizing);¾ Aluminium steps shall be provided with plastics fixing tails which totally encapsulate each end of the stepand which protrude into the chamber a minimum of 20 mm (dimension F on Figure 4) from the verticalinstallation face;c) Cast iron steps;¾ Malleable cast iron and ductile (spheroidal graphite) cast iron steps shall be protected from corrosion byhot dip galvanizing conforming to EN ISO 1461, or by plastics encapsulation;¾ No surface protection is required for grey cast (flake graphite) iron steps.Key1Aluminium coreFProtrusionFigure 4 — Plastics fixing tails



EN 13101:2002 (E)114.3.6 TwistWhen tested in accordance with Annex A, the height of the front edge of the tread from the level surface shall notvary along its length by more than 3,0 mm for a single step or more than 5,0 mm for a double step.4.3.7 Vertical loadingWhen tested in accordance with Annex B, the step ( in all materials other tan grey cast iron (see 4.3.8)) shallsupport the initial load in accordance with Table 1, without visible cracking and the deflection under load shall notexceed that specified in Table 1. After removal of the load, the permanent deflection shall not exceed that specifiedin Table 1. The procedure shall be repeated using the ultimate load according to Table 1. Steps shall conform withthe requirements of both initial and ultimate tests.Class I and class II, shown in columns 5 and 6 of Table 1, for permanent deflection relate to steps of differentdesigns and materials. Class II steps shall be capable of being replaced in accordance with manufacturer’sinstructions during maintenance. For the use of class I steps and class II steps, provisions in the country of usemay be taken into account.Table 1 —Requirements for vertical loading testTest under initial loadTest under ultimate loadDouble stepCharacteristicSingle stepDoublestepSingle stepClass IClass IILoad (in kN)2,02,04,04,04,0Deflection underload (in mm)5,010,0¾¾¾Permanentdeflection
(inmm)1,02,05,010,050,04.3.8 Proof load — Non-ductile materials (Grey cast iron)Grey cast iron steps shall withstand a load of 12 kN when tested in accordance with Annex C without visiblecracking.4.3.9 Resistance to pull-outWhen tested in accordance with Annex D, steps shall resist a minimum force (F2) of 5 kN.All steps designed to be replaceable shall be additionally tested under method of preparation D.2.4 and shall beresistant to a minimum force (F2) of 5 kN.NOTEThe requirements and test methods (in Annex D) relate to the step whilst within the factory and assessed forcompliance under controlled conditions designed to reflect methods of installation in pre-cast units or on-site, but do notnecessarily replicate them.4.3.10 Resistance to impactWhen tested in accordance with Annex E, steps shall absorb an impact from a striker of mass M of 20 kg droppedfrom a height of 1 m without fracture and shall conform to the requirements of 4.3.11 after impact, if relevant.4.3.11 Integrity of plastics encapsulationTo demonstrate that the core material is protected from corrosion, plastics encapsulated steps shall show anelectrical resistance of at least 1 MW when tested in accordance with Annex F.



EN 13101:2002 (E)12NOTEThe above test is carried out in an aqueous solution and gives a pass/fail for the product. A dry test is also given inAnnex G which identifies the point of failure on the step. This test can be used by manufacturers in the quality control of steps.4.3.12 Thickness of plastics encapsulationThe thickness of plastics shall be determined in accordance with Annex H and shall conform to the requirements in4.3.2.2 b).4.3.13 Integrity of galvanizingWhen tested in accordance with EN ISO 1461, galvanized steps shall have a thickness of galvanizing inaccordance with EN ISO 1461.5 TestingSteps according to this standard shall be tested in accordance with the testing schedule given in Table 2.Table 2 — Testing scheduleMaterialCharacteristicTwistVerticalloadingProofLoadgreycastironPullOutImpactPlasticsIntegrityThicknessof plasticsGalvanisingIntegrityTest method according to Annex or other StandardsABCDEF or GHEN ISO1461Requirements according to clause4.3.64.3.74.3.84.3.94.3.104.3.114.3.124.3.13Steel: Mild andNon- austeniticaa—a———aSteel: Stainlessaa—a————Aluminiumaa—a————Ductile cast ironaa—a———aMalleable castironaa—a———aGrey cast irona—aa————Plasticsencapsulatedaa—aaaa—aTest required6 Marking and designation6.1 MarkingWhen the steps meet all requirements of this standard, they shall be legibly and durably marked, as delivered, withthe following identification in a manner which is visible after installation:a) Number of this European Standard (EN 13101),b) Manufacturer’s identification;



EN 13101:2002 (E)13c) Material code as given in Table 3. In case of plastics encapsulated steps
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