SIST EN ISO 14122-4:2016

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2016
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 14122-4:2005
SIST EN ISO 14122-4:2005/A1:2010
Varnost strojev - Stalni dostopi do strojev - 4. del: Fiksne lestve (ISO 14122-4:2016)
Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 4: Fixed ladders
(ISO 14122-4:2016)
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Ortsfeste Zugänge zu maschinellen Anlagen - Teil 4:
Ortsfeste Steigleitern (ISO 14122-4:2016)
Sécurité des machines - Moyens d'accès permanents aux machines - Partie 4: Échelles
fixes (ISO 14122-4:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14122-4:2016
ICS:
13.100 Varnost pri delu. Industrijska Occupational safety.
higiena Industrial hygiene
13.110 Varnost strojev Safety of machinery
97.145 Lestve Ladders
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 14122-4
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
June 2016
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.110 Supersedes EN ISO 14122-4:2004
English Version
Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to
machinery - Part 4: Fixed ladders (ISO 14122-4:2016)
Sécurité des machines - Moyens d'accès permanents Sicherheit von Maschinen - Ortsfeste Zugänge zu
aux machines - Partie 4: Échelles fixes (ISO 14122- maschinellen Anlagen - Teil 4: Ortsfeste Steigleiter (ISO
4:2016) 14122-4:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 April 2016.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14122-4:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC machinery, and amending
Directive 95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157] aimed to be covered. 4

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 14122-4:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 199 “Safety
of machinery” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery” the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2016, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2016.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 14122-4:2004.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14122-4:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14122-4:2016 without any
modification.
Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC machinery, and amending
Directive 95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157] aimed to be covered
This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission’s standardization request M/396 to
provide one voluntary means of conforming to essential requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive
95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157].
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive,
compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of
the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements
of that Directive, and associated EFTA regulations.
Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and
Directive 2006/42/EC [2006 L157]
Essential Requirements of Clause(s) / subclause(s)
Remarks / Notes
Directive 2006/42/EC of this EN
1.5.15 “Risks of slipping, tripping All
or falling”
1.6.2 “Access to operating All
position and service points”
WARNING 1 — Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this European
Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this
standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European
Union.
WARNING 2 — Other Union legislation may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of
this standard.
IMPORTANT: Compliance with the requirements of EN ISO 14122-1 and a relevant access-specific
part of EN ISO 14122 is necessary to achieve presumption of conformity.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14122-4
Second edition
2016-06-01
Safety of machinery — Permanent
means of access to machinery —
Part 4:
Fixed ladders
Sécurité des machines — Moyens d’accès permanents aux
machines —
Partie 4: Échelles fixes
Reference number
ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016
ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
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copyright@iso.org
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ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Selection and design of ladder systems . 6
4.1 General . 6
4.1.1 Design and construction . 6
4.1.2 Choice depending on available space . 6
4.1.3 Spacing between the ladder and any permanent obstruction . 6
4.2 Choice of a type fall protection device . 7
4.2.1 Necessity of a fall protection device . 7
4.2.2 Types of fall protection devices . 7
4.2.3 Guidance for a risk assessment . 8
4.3 Height of ladder flights and fall protection device . 8
4.3.1 Limits of space . 8
4.3.2 Ladder systems >3 000 mm and ≤10 000 mm total height, H.8
4.3.3 Ladder systems >10 000 mm total height, H .9
4.4 Platforms and landings . 9
4.4.1 Installation of platforms at arrival and departure areas . 9
4.4.2 Arrangement of platforms and landings for ladders with a total height, H
>10 000 mm . 9
5 Specific requirements of ladder systems .10
5.1 General requirements .10
5.1.1 Permanent action (dead load) .10
5.1.2 Variable action (rated load) .11
5.1.3 Additional loading .13
5.1.4 Design .14
5.2 Ladder with two stiles .14
5.2.1 Strength .14
5.2.2 Rungs .14
5.2.3 Connection of ladder and guard-rail .17
5.3 Ladder with one stile .17
5.3.1 Strength .17
5.3.2 Rungs .18
5.4 Departure and arrival areas .19
5.4.1 General requirements .19
5.4.2 Departure area (entrance) .19
5.4.3 Arrival area (exit) .19
5.4.4 Access opening .19
5.4.5 Trap doors .21
5.5 Fall protection device .22
5.5.1 Safety cage .22
5.5.2 Fall arrester .26
5.6 Platforms and landings .26
5.6.1 Access platforms .26
5.6.2 Intermediate and rest platforms .26
5.6.3 Intermediate landings .27
5.6.4 Moveable rest landings . .29
5.7 Requirements on moveable parts of fixed ladders .30
6 Verification of safety requirements .30
6.1 General .30
ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
6.1.1 General requirements .30
6.1.2 Verification of stability by calculation .31
6.1.3 Verification of stability by testing .31
6.2 Tests of fixed ladders with two stiles .31
6.2.1 Strength and bending of a ladder element .31
6.2.2 Test for safety cage .32
6.3 Test of ladders with one stile .33
6.3.1 Test of ladder elements .33
6.4 Test of extensions of guard-rails .35
7 Information for use for fixed ladders .36
7.1 Instruction handbook .36
7.1.1 General.36
7.1.2 Ladder systems with fall arrester .36
7.2 Marking of ladder systems with fall arrester .37
Annex A (normative) Requirements for the design of anti-climb devices .38
Annex B (informative) Summary of main dimensions of a fixed ladder equipped with a
safety cage .42
Annex C (informative) Significant technical changes between this part of ISO 14122 and the
previous edition .44
Bibliography .47
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 199, Safety of machinery.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14122-4:2004), which has been
technically revised. It also incorporates the Amendment ISO 14122-4:2004/Amd 1:2010.
ISO 14122 consists of the following parts, under the general title Safety of machinery — Permanent
means of access to machinery:
— Part 1: Choice of fixed means and general requirements of access
— Part 2: Working platforms and walkways
— Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails
— Part 4: Fixed ladders
An additional part, dealing with mobile machinery, is under preparation.
ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
Introduction
This International Standard is a type-B standard as stated in ISO 12100.
This International Standard is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups
representing the market players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium, and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.);
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the International
Standard by the above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium, and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for peoples with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium, and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this International Standard.
In addition, this International Standard is intended for standardization bodies elaborating type-C
standards.
The requirements of this International Standard can be supplemented or modified by a type-C standard.
For machines which are covered by the scope of a type-C standard and which have been designed and
built according to the requirements of that standard, the requirements of that type-C standard take
precedence.
The purpose of this International Standard is to define the general requirements for safe access to
machines. ISO 14122-1 gives guidance about the correct choice of access means when the necessary
access to the machine is not possible directly from the ground level or from a floor or platform.
The dimensions specified are consistent with established ergonomic data given in ISO 15534-3.
vi © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to
machinery —
Part 4:
Fixed ladders
1 Scope
This part of ISO 14122 gives requirements for fixed ladders which are a part of a stationary machine,
and to the non-powered adjustable parts (e.g. foldable, slidable) and movable parts of fixed ladder
systems.
NOTE 1 “Fixed” means of access are those mounted in such a manner (for example, by screws, nuts, welding)
that they can only be removed by the use of tools.
This part of ISO 14122 specifies minimum requirements that also apply when the same means of access
is required as the part of the building or civil construction (e.g. fixed ladders) where the machine is
installed, on condition that the main function of that part of the construction is to provide a means of
access to the machine.
NOTE 2 Where no local regulation or standards exists, this part of ISO 14122 may be used also for means of
access which are outside the scope of the standard.
It is intended that this part of ISO 14122 be used with ISO 14122-1 to give the requirements for fixed
ladder systems.
The ISO 14122 series as a whole is applicable to both stationary and mobile machinery where fixed
means of access are necessary. It is not applicable to powered means of access such as lifts, escalators,
or other devices specially designed to lift persons between two levels.
This part of ISO 14122 is not applicable to machinery manufactured before the date of its publication.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12100, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 14122-1:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice of
fixed means and general requirements of access
ISO 14122-2:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working
platforms and walkways
ISO 14122-3:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairs,
stepladders and guard-rails
EN 353-1:2014, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height — Part 1: Guided type fall
arresters including a rigid anchor line
EN 795, Personal fall protection equipment — Anchor devices
ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100, ISO 14122-1, and the
following apply.
3.1
fixed ladder system
ladder system
fixed ladder
installation of at least one ladder flight (3.4), fall protection (3.7), where appropriate, as well as landing(s)
and/or platform(s)
Note 1 to entry: In the following text, the abbreviation “ladder” and “ladder flight” is used for fixed ladders and
fixed ladder flights, respectively.
3.2
ladder with two stiles
ladder, according to ISO 14122-1:2016, 3.1, which is stationary and where the rungs are arranged
between and attached to the stiles
Note 1 to entry: The stiles carry the load (see Figure 1).
Figure 1 — Ladder with two stiles
3.3
ladder with one stile
ladder, according to ISO 14122-1:2016, 3.1, which is stationary and where the rungs are attached to
both sides of the stile
Note 1 to entry: The stile carries the load alone (see Figure 2).
2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
Figure 2 — Ladder with one stile
3.4
ladder flight
continuous part of the fixed ladder (3.1)
— between the departure area (3.8) and arrival area (3.9), in the case of ladders without platforms, or
— between the departure area (3.8) or arrival area (3.9) and the nearest platform, or
— sequentially between landings or rest platforms (3.12)
Note 1 to entry: See Figures 3a and 3b.
3.5
climbing height of ladder system
total height
H
vertical distance between the departure area on the ground and the arrival area (3.9) at the top of a
ladder system (3.1)
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3 a).
Note 2 to entry: In case of staggered ladder flights (3.4), the vertical distance between departure area (3.8) of the
first flight and the arrival area at the top of the last flight.
3.6
height of ladder flight
h
vertical distance of each staggered ladder flight (3.4)
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3 b).
ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
a) Single ladder flight b) Staggered ladder flights
Key
1 departure area
2 arrival area
H climbing height of ladder system (total height)
3 intermediate platform or intermediate landing
4 ladder flight
h height of ladder flight
Figure 3 — Height of flights and location of intermediate platforms/landings
3.7
fall protection
technical measure to prevent or to minimize the risk of people falling from ladders
3.7.1
safety cage
cage-shaped protective device, permanently fixed to the ladder, to minimize the risk of persons falling
from ladders
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 14, Figure 15, Figure 20 a) and Figure B.1.
3.7.2
guided type fall arrester on rigid anchorage line
fall arrester
protective equipment permanently fixed to the ladder and used in combination with personal protective
equipment
Note 1 to entry: See also definition in EN 353–1 and EN 363.
3.8
departure area
entrance
bottom level of the surroundings or of the intermediate platform (3.11) from which a person starts to
climb the ladder or ladder system (3.1)
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3 a) and Figure 3 b).
4 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
3.9
arrival area
exit
top level of the surroundings or of the intermediate platform (3.11) to which, the person steps after the
ascent or the descent downwards starts
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3 a) and Figure 3 b).
Note 2 to entry: In a ladder system with staggered flights, the arrival area (3.9) can also be a departure area (3.8)
for subsequent ascent.
3.10
intermediate landing
horizontal structure between two consecutive ladder flights (3.4), used with ladders having staggered
flights, which is designed to change the ladder flights or for resting
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 20.
3.11
intermediate platform
horizontal structure between two consecutive ladder flights (3.4) which is designed to allow more than
one person at the same time to change or to rest in the ladder system
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 19.
3.12
rest platform
horizontal structure on a single ladder flight (3.4) which is designed to allow more than one person at
same time to rest in the ladder system
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 18.
3.13
moveable rest landing
area equipped with the required protective means designed to incite that the user of the ladder system
(3.1) can rest but cannot interchange
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 21 a) and Figure 21 b).
3.14
access platform
horizontal structure at the departure area (3.8) or arrival area (3.9) used by a person for access to a
ladder system (3.1)
3.15
trap door
hatch, intended to be opened temporarily to provide access through a platform or other horizontal
structure
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 13.
3.16
non-trained user
person without experience how to use the fall arrester
3.17
well-trained user
person with instruction and experience in how to use the fall arrester
EXAMPLE Installer of wind turbine generator systems.
ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
4 Selection and design of ladder systems
4.1 General
4.1.1 Design and construction
Ladder systems are designed with staggered flights or single flight (see 4.3.2 and 4.3.3).
The ladder(s) should be designed with two stiles. In exceptional cases (e.g. insufficient space for
installation a ladder with two stiles or where a fall arrester is required, because of an altering inclination
of the ladder system), ladder(s) with one stile may be foreseen.
4.1.2 Choice depending on available space
Minimum space can be achieved by using single flights (see 4.3.3 for height restrictions for a single
flight).
Medium space is required when using consecutive staggered flights with landings (see Figure 20).
Maximum space is required when staggered flights and intermediate platforms are applied (see
Figure 19).
4.1.3 Spacing between the ladder and any permanent obstruction
The space between the ladder and any permanent obstruction or obstacles shall be (see Figure 4)
a) measured from the front of the rungs:
1) in front of the ladder:
— at least 650 mm or, where obstacles such as pipes or trays cross, 600 mm;
2) behind the ladder:
— at least 200 mm or, where obstacles such as pipes or trays cross, 150 mm.
b) measured from behind of the rungs:
1) behind the ladder:
— at least 75 mm, except the upper rung, which shall be between 60 mm and 75 mm.
If the stiles are designed to be used as a handrail the space around the stiles shall be at least 75 mm,
except at the level at the arrival area.
6 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 arrival area
2 obstacles such as pipes or trays
Figure 4 — Space dimensions with permanent obstacles
4.2 Choice of a type fall protection device
4.2.1 Necessity of a fall protection device
In case of an overall falling height ≥3 000 mm, the ladder shall be fitted with a fall protection device.
4.2.2 Types of fall protection devices
The main alternatives for protection of the users of fixed ladders against falling from a height are the
following:
a) Safety cage
The cage is a means which is always present and the actual level of safety is independent of the
operator’s actions, therefore it is the preferred choice.
b) Guided type fall arrester on rigid anchorage line (fall arrester)
A fall arrester is only effective if the user chooses to use it. If a harness with an incompatible sliding
system is used with a guided type fall arrester, there will be a risk of falling.
A combination of both safety cage and fall arrester, shall not be applied.
ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
4.2.3 Guidance for a risk assessment
For the selection of a suitable type of fall protection device, a risk assessment in accordance with
ISO 12100 shall be made for each particular application and especially when drafting type C- standards.
The relevant aspects to be taken into account are, for example, the following:
a) access conditions, such as
1) range limits, and
2) design limits;
b) total climbing height for a fixed ladder;
c) quantum of risk of falling from height and expected severity of injuries;
d) human aspects, such as
1) fatigue,
2) stress, and
3) experience, ability and training;
e) rescue aspects;
f) environmental aspects, such as
1) wind, and
2) extreme temperatures;
g) frequency of use:
1) occasional, or
2) common;
h) handling of
1) tools, and
2) spare parts.
4.3 Height of ladder flights and fall protection device
4.3.1 Limits of space
Surrounding structures, e.g. walls, parts of machines, can provide protection equivalent to a safety
cage when they provide a containment area with dimensions similar to those given for a safety cage in
5.5.1.2.
4.3.2 Ladder systems >3 000 mm and ≤10 000 mm total height, H
These shall be designed as follows:
— staggered flights with a maximum height of the flight, h, of 6 000 mm, equipped with a safety cage;
— a single flight, equipped with a safety cage;
— a single flight, equipped with a guided type fall arrester on a rigid anchorage line (fall arrester).
8 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
Where it is not possible to use a cage, individual protective equipment, e.g. a fall arrester, shall be
provided.
NOTE Fall arresters are intended to be used only by well-trained persons (see Clause 7).
4.3.3 Ladder systems >10 000 mm total height, H
They shall be designed as follows:
— staggered flights with a maximum height of the flight, h, of not more than 6 000 mm equipped either
with a safety cage;
— staggered flights equipped with a fall arrester;
— a single flight be equipped with a fall arrester.
For non-trained users, only staggered flights equipped with a safety cage shall be provided.
Where it is not possible to use a cage, individual protective equipment shall be provided.
NOTE The fall arrester is intended to be used only by well–trained persons (see Clause 7).
4.4 Platforms and landings
4.4.1 Installation of platforms at arrival and departure areas
If the present areas on site at the departure area and arrival area are not built horizontally, solidly and
even, platforms or other means shall be applied to achieve this requirement.
4.4.2 Arrangement of platforms and landings for ladders with a total height, H >10 000 mm
4.4.2.1 General
Where it is intended that more than one person will use the ladder system at the same time, depending
on the type of the fall protection device, intermediate platforms or rest platforms shall be provided (see
4.4.2.2 to 4.4.2.4).
4.4.2.2 Ladders equipped with a safety cage
Intermediate platforms or landings with a distance ≤6 000 mm shall be applied at the change of ladder
systems with staggered flights (see Figure 3b).
4.4.2.3 Ladders equipped with a fall arrester and a total height, H, ≥24 000 mm
Ladders with single flights shall be equipped with rest platforms with distances ≤24 000 mm (see
Figure 5). In between, an additional rest platform with distances ≤12 000 mm shall be fitted (see
Figure 5). In case of insufficient space, moveable rest landings according to 5.6.4 may be fitted.
Ladders with staggered flights shall be equipped with intermediate platforms at intervals ≤24 000 mm
(see Figure 19). In between, additional rest platforms at intervals ≤12 000 mm shall be provided (see
Figure 5). In case of insufficient space, moveable rest landings according to 5.6.4 may be fitted.
4.4.2.4 Ladders equipped with a fall arrester and a total height, H, <24 000 mm
Rest platforms (see Figure 18) at intervals ≤12 000 mm shall be provided. When sufficient space cannot
be made available, moveable rest landings according to 5.6.4 may be provided.
ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 departure area
2 rest platform
3 intermediate platform
4 arrival area
5 fixed ladder system (schematic drawing)
Figure 5 — Arrangements of platforms and landings on ladders equipped with a fall arrester
5 Specific requirements of ladder systems
5.1 General requirements
The ladder system shall be designed so that the ladder itself and its attachment withstand reasonably
foreseeable static and dynamic conditions. Criteria to be considered are, for example, the following:
— weight of the ladder system;
— maximum number of person staying in the ladder system;
— additional action occurring when the fall arrester will be activated.
If no other action/loads are relevant the, actions in 5.1.1 to 5.1.3 shall be applied.
5.1.1 Permanent action (dead load)
The mass of every component of the ladder shall be taken into account.
10 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
5.1.2 Variable action (rated load)
Loads F = 1,5 kN and F = 1,5 kN (see Figure 6) shall be used during the design of a ladder to represent
1 2
a person.
The simulated load for the rungs F (see Figure 6 a) and b) for a person shall be applied perpendicular to
the rung at the most unfavourable position and equally distributed over a maximum length of 100 mm.
The simulated loads for the stile(s) F shall be applied with a separation distance of 2 000 mm and
parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ladder. The distance between the loads F and the stile(s) shall be
300 mm [see Figure 6 c)].
For ladders with two stiles, the load F shall be taken to be shared equally by both stiles [see Figure 6 c)].
For platforms and landings as specified in 5.6, a concentrated load of 1,5 kN per person, applied at the
most unfavourable position, shall be taken in to account.
For platforms, intermediate landings and moveable rest landings (one part) [see Figure 21 a)],
concentrated loads are loads distributed over a load area of 200 mm × 200 mm.
For moveable rest landings (two parts) [see Figure 21 b)], concentrated loads are loads distributed over
two load areas, each of 100 mm × 100 mm.
Platforms shall be designed in accordance with ISO 14122-2 and ISO 14122-3.
ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
a) Simulated loads on rungs for ladders with b) Simulated loads on rungs for ladders with
two stiles one stile
c) Simulated loads for stiles (schematic drawing)
Key
F simulated load for rungs
F simulated load for stiles
Figure 6 — Simulated loads on the ladder
12 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

ISO 14122-4:2016(E)
5.1.3 Additional loading
5.1.3.1 General
Additional loading, e.g. caused by wind or snow, fall protection devices (see 5.1.3.2 and 5.1.3.3) shall be
taken into account in stability calculations.
Loading on ladders, e.g. by impacts of trucks, is normally not considered.
5.1.3.2 Fall arrester
Calculations shall take into account the loading on the anchor line and the ladder when the fall
protection device is activated by a falling person. In the absence of actual data, a minimum vertical
force of 6 kN shall be assumed.
5.1.3.3 Safety cage
For the design of the safety cage, as a minimum the test procedure of 6.2.2 shall be applied.
5.1.3.4 Ladder anchorage system
Calculations shall take into account a minimum load of ≥3 kN acting on each stile for ladders with two
stiles, and a load of ≥6 kN acting on the single stile of ladders with one stile.
For calculation, it may be assumed that the load will be transmitted to fixed parts of surroundings (e.g.
wall or enclosu
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