oSIST prEN 15427-2-1:2020

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 15427-2-1:2020
01-december-2020

Železniške naprave - Trenje na stiku kolo-tirnica - 2-1. del: Lastnosti in značilnosti

Applications ferroviaires - Gestion des frottements roue/rail - Partie 2-1: Propriétés et

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

Applications ferroviaires - Gestion des frottements Bahnanwendungen - Reibungsmanagement zwischen

roue/rail - Partie 2-1: Propriétés et caractéristiques - Rad und Schiene - Teil 2-1 : Eigenschaften und

This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations

which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other

language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,

Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,

Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without

© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 15427-2-1:2020 E

European foreword ............................................................................................................................... 4

Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 5

1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................ 6

2 Normative references ............................................................................................................ 6

3 Terms and definitions ........................................................................................................... 7

4 Lubricant requirements ....................................................................................................... 8

5 General requirements ........................................................................................................... 9

5.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 9

5.2 Product specification ............................................................................................................. 9

5.3 Technical file ............................................................................................................................. 9

6 Control and monitoring of product ................................................................................ 10

6.1 Manufacturing process ....................................................................................................... 10

6.2 Composition of lubricant ................................................................................................... 10

6.3 Routine tests .......................................................................................................................... 10

6.4 Additional measures ........................................................................................................... 10

7 Technical datasheet............................................................................................................. 10

7.1 General ..................................................................................................................................... 10

7.2 Grease type lubricant characteristics ........................................................................... 10

7.3 Oil type lubricant characteristics ................................................................................... 10

7.4 Solid type lubricant characteristics ............................................................................... 11

8 Packaging, labelling and storage .................................................................................... 11

Annex A (normative) Requirements for lubricants and testing ....................................... 12

A.1 Explanation of Annex A: Tables A.1 to A.4 ................................................................... 12

A.2 Key to Annex A table columns ‘Type’, ‘Routine’ and ‘Datasheet’ ......................... 12

A.3 Key to Annex A table column ‘Use’ ................................................................................. 12

Annex B (informative) Water wash-off test ............................................................................. 24

B.1 Purpose .................................................................................................................................... 24

B.2 Short description .................................................................................................................. 24

B.3 Conditions for testing ......................................................................................................... 24

B.4 Test process............................................................................................................................ 24

Annex C (informative) Corrosion test on steel ....................................................................... 26

C.1 General ..................................................................................................................................... 26

C.2 Short description .................................................................................................................. 26

C.3 Conditions for testing ......................................................................................................... 26

C.4 Test process............................................................................................................................ 27

sheet .......................................................................................................................................... 28

D.1 Purpose .................................................................................................................................... 28

D.2 Short description .................................................................................................................. 28

D.3 Conditions for test ................................................................................................................ 28

D.4 Test process............................................................................................................................ 28

Annex E (informative) Determination of the volatile constituents in greases ........... 30

E.1 Purpose .................................................................................................................................... 30

E.2 Short description .................................................................................................................. 30

E.3 Conditions for testing ......................................................................................................... 30

E.4 Test process............................................................................................................................ 30

E.5 Recording of test results .................................................................................................... 31

Annex F (informative) Peak forming and droop .................................................................... 32

F.1 Purpose .................................................................................................................................... 32

F.2 Short description .................................................................................................................. 32

F.3 Conditions for testing ......................................................................................................... 32

F.4 Test process............................................................................................................................ 32

Annex G (informative) Functional test on specific equipment ......................................... 35

G.1 General ..................................................................................................................................... 35

G.2 Flowing behaviour of wheel-flange greases ............................................................... 35

G.3 Test of spraying of lubricants at various temperatures ......................................... 37

Annex H (informative) Solid flange lubricant stick testing and starvation test on

twin-disc machine ................................................................................................................ 41

H.1 Purpose .................................................................................................................................... 41

H.2 Short description .................................................................................................................. 41

H.3 Conditions for test ................................................................................................................ 41

H.4 Required testing and measuring equipment ............................................................. 42

H.5 Test process............................................................................................................................ 43

H.6 Test settings ........................................................................................................................... 44

H.7 Test results ............................................................................................................................. 44

Annex I (informative) MTM machine creep curve test ........................................................ 46

I.1 General ..................................................................................................................................... 46

I.2 Test equipment ..................................................................................................................... 46

I.3 Application of Flange lubricant to metal disk ............................................................ 47

I.4 Performance of the Test .................................................................................................... 48

I.5 Evaluation of the Test ......................................................................................................... 51

Bibliography ......................................................................................................................................... 55

This document (prEN 15427-2-1:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256

Friction management using solid or fluid (oil, grease, etc.) substances at the wheel-rail interface

— lubrication of the wheel flange / rail gauge corner interface, commonly referred to as “flange

— lubrication of the back of flange/ check rail interface; commonly referred to as “check rail

— altering the level of friction at the interface between the top of rail and the wheel tread,

— altering the level of adhesion at the interface between the top of rail and the wheel tread.

This document sets out requirements for the lubricant for flange or rail lubrication. It specifies

— no incompatibility between the different lubricants in use, particularly between solid and

The main purpose of the lubricant is to reduce friction and wear and reduce the risk of flange

This document specifies the requirements of lubricants intended for lubrication of the wheel-rail

interface between the wheel and the rail (active interface) applied either directly or indirectly to

It outlines the information required for most approval procedures, the method of testing and

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.

For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any

EN 10130, Cold rolled low carbon steel flat products for cold forming - Technical delivery conditions

EN ISO 868, Plastics and ebonite - Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer

EN ISO 1183-1, Plastics - Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics - Part 1:

EN ISO 2592, Petroleum and related products - Determination of flash and fire points - Cleveland

EN ISO 3146, Plastics - Determination of melting behaviour (melting temperature or melting range)

of semi-crystalline polymers by capillary tube and polarizing-microscope methods (ISO 3146)

EN ISO 3675, Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products - Laboratory determination of density

EN ISO 12185, Crude petroleum and petroleum products - Determination of density - Oscillating U-

EN ISO 20623, Petroleum and related products - Determination of the extreme-pressure and anti-

wear properties of lubricants - Four-ball method (European conditions) (ISO 20623)

ISO 2137, Petroleum products and lubricants — Determination of cone penetration of lubricating

ISO 2176, Petroleum products — Lubricating grease — Determination of dropping point

ISO 3733, Petroleum products and bituminous materials — Determination of water — Distillation

ISO 6072, Rubber — Compatibility between hydraulic fluids and standard elastomeric materials

ISO 6743-99, Lubricants, industrial oils and related products (class L) — Classification — Part 99:

ISO 13737, Petroleum products and lubricants — Determination of low-temperature cone

DIN 51777-2, Testing of mineral oil-hydrocarbons and solvents — Determination of the water

DIN 51350-4, Testing of lubricants — Testing by the Shell four-ball tester — Determination of

DIN 51350-5, Testing of lubricants — Testing by the Shell four-ball tester — Determination of wear

DIN 51807-1, Testing of lubricants — Test of the behaviour of lubricating greases in the presence

DIN 51817, Testing of lubricants — Determination of oil separation from greases under static

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following

Note 1 to entry: Oil can be mineral, natural or synthetic in origin and can have additives included.

Note 1 to entry: Grease consists of a thickener and additives integrated in a lubricating oil.

Note 1 to entry: Typically, the stick comprises a solid lubricant which is encapsulated in a polymeric

binder/carrier. The product is designed for direct contact with a rotating wheel flange; the polymeric

binder has a sufficiently high melting point such that it does not melt but rather wears when in contact with

entire content of a single identified production of lubricant from the same manufacturing process

lubrication of the active interface by applying a lubricant to the rail gauge side face

component of the lubrication system (trainborne or trackside) that delivers lubricant to the active

Note 1 to entry: This includes spray nozzles, trackside grease distribution units/blades, stick applicators,

Note 1 to entry: A lubrication system can include one or more Lubricant Application Units, a reservoir unit,

system carried on the train that consists of one or more applicators, a storage unit and a means

system installed on or adjacent to the track that consists of one or more applicators, storage

The lubricant, when applied within the specified limits, shall not compromise the safety of the

NOTE Specified limits are normally understood and agreed between relevant parties before use of

This clause outlines the information required to gain approval on most railway networks. It does

The product specification shall be fully documented and shall include the following information:

c) conformance with other relevant local requirements (such as environmental, fire, toxicity,

NOTE 1 The typical operating temperature range to take into account is from −25 °C to +80 °C.

NOTE 2 Where legislation and regulations (European, national or local) concerning ecological and

environmental compatibility of lubricants (biodegrability, toxicity, etc.) are applicable, consideration will

A file of technical data showing compliance with the requirements in the product specification

and the results of type tests and trials shall be provided. A technical datasheet shall also be

A material safety data sheet (MSDS) for the product in the language of the interested customer or

If the manufacturing process is changed in a way that can affect the chemical composition, the

If the composition of the lubricant is changed in any way, it shall be documented and the customer

The routine tests are listed in Tables A1 to A3. If additional tests are required (such as those not

included in the tables or a type test) this and the frequency can be agreed between the client and

The sample of lubricant assessed for quality testing shall have been manufactured in a regular

production batch. The entire sample of material used for the approval tests shall be taken from

Retention of test records and samples, witnessing of tests, calibration of test equipment shall be

The technical datasheet shall include the individual identifying code or name of the lubricant, a

description of the product’s field of use and typical means of application. For each lubricant type,

The product shall be described by its consistency, its temperature range, the type of thickener

and type of base oil used. Where solid particulates are used, the type and content shall be

reported. Further technical data shall be provided as listed under the ‘datasheet’ column in

The product shall be described by its viscosity, its temperature range and by the type of oil used.

Where solid particulates are used the type and content shall be reported. Further technical data

The product shall be described by its melting point, hardness, dimensions and its temperature

range. Further technical data shall be provided as listed under the ‘datasheet’ column in Table A.3.

The following additional information shall be included if specified in the product specification:

The storage conditions and, if necessary, the date limit of use of the lubricant shall be provided.

For each required property of the lubricants, Tables A.1, A.2 and A.3 list the mandatory and

optional tests for grease, oil and sticks respectively, and parameters for trainborne and trackside

applications. The optional tests required by the customer shall be listed in the product

specification. Although used, oil type lubricants have not been included for trackside applications

Table A.4 lists additional tests to check the performance characteristics of the lubricants and that

The key to the columns ‘Type’, ‘Routine’ and ‘Technical Datasheet’ in Tables A.1 to A.4 is as

— ‘Type’ = This indicates the type tests required for the purpose of approval testing (see 6.1 and

— ‘Routine’ = This indicates the routine tests required for testing from approved mass-

— ‘Technical Datasheet’ = This indicates the characteristics to be listed in the product

Tables A.1 to A.4 include a column headed ‘Use’ and the letters used mean the following:

This column identifies the most common systems in current use. Most trainborne equipment

sprays the lubricant in the form of a free-flowing grease or thin oil and most trackside equipment

pumps it in the form of a thicker grease. However, where alternatives exist, careful consideration