SIST EN 12952-15:2004
(Main)Water-tube boilers and auxiliary installations - Part 15: Acceptance tests
Water-tube boilers and auxiliary installations - Part 15: Acceptance tests
This European Standard covers direct-fired steam and hot water generators, including the auxiliaries. For the purposes of this standard, steam and hot water generators are vessels and pipework systems in which:
¾ steam at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure is generated for use external to the system;
¾ water is heated to a temperature higher than the saturation temperature at atmospheric pressure for use external to the system.
A steam generator normally consists of the flue gas-heated evaporator, the superheater, the reheater, the feedwater heater, the air heater, the fuel heater, if any, and the fuel burning equipment.
The term 'direct-fired' relates to equipment by means of which the chemical heat in the fuel of known composition is converted to sensible heat. Such equipment can involve stoker firing, fluidized-bed combustion or burner systems.
The auxiliaries include the fuel feeders, the pulverizer, the FD (forced draught) fan, the ID (induced draught) fan, the facilities for removal of the refuse (combustion residues), the steam air heater, the main air heater, the fuel heater, if any, and the dust collector.
Wasserrohrkessel und Anlagenkomponenten - Teil 15: Abnahmeversuche
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt Dampfkessel und Heißwassererzeuger mit eigener Feuerung einschließlich der zugehörigen Hilfseinrichtungen. Im Sinne dieser Norm sind Dampfkessel und Heißwassererzeuger Behälter und Rohrleitungen, in denen:
¾ Wasserdampf von höherem als atmosphärischem Druck zur Verwendung außerhalb der Anlage erzeugt wird,
¾ Wasser auf eine höhere Temperatur als die Siedetemperatur bei atmosphärischem Druck erhitzt wird, zur Verwendung außerhalb der Anlage.
Ein Dampferzeuger besteht üblicherweise aus dem rauchgasbeheizten Verdampfer, dem Überhitzer, dem Zwischenüberhitzer, dem Speisewasser-, dem Luft- und gegebenenfalls dem Brennstoffvorwärmer und der Feuerungseinrichtung.
Unter dem Begriff �eigene Feuerung" wird eine Einrichtung verstanden, mit deren Hilfe die chemisch gebundene Wärme eines Brennstoffes bekannter Beschaffenheit in fühlbare Wärme umgesetzt wird. Es kann sich dabei um eine Rostfeuerung, eine Wirbelschichtfeuerung oder eine Brennerfeuerung handeln.
Zu den Hilfseinrichtungen gehören die Brennstoffzuteiler, die Mahlanlage, das Frischluftgebläse, das Rauchgasgebläse, die Einrichtungen für die Abfuhr der Verbrennungsrückstände, der Dampf-, der Luft- sowie gegebenenfalls der Brennstoffvorwärmer und der Entstauber.
Diese Norm gilt nicht für:
¾ Anlagen für Sonderbrennstoffe (z. B. Müll);
¾ druckbeaufschlagte Dampferzeuger (z. B. druckbeaufschlagte Wirbelschichtfeuerungskessel);
¾ Dampferzeuger in Kombianlagen.
Sinngemäß kann diese Norm auch angewendet werden für die Abnahmeversuche bei:
¾ Anlagen ohne eigene Feuerung (z. B. Abhitzekessel);
¾ Anlagen mit anderen Wärmeträgern (z. B. Gase, Thermoöle, Natrium).
Wenn diese Norm als Grundlage für die Abnahmeversuche an Wärmeübertragungssystemen dienen soll, sollten bereits bei Vertragsabschluss Vereinbarungen getroffen werden im Hinblick auf die Besonderheiten, die die Messungen und die Auswertung der Versuchsergebnisse beeinflussen können.
1.2 Zweck
Diese Norm bil
Chaudieres a tubes d'eau et installations auxiliaires - Partie 15: Essais de réception
La présente Norme Européenne couvre les générateurs de vapeur et d'eau surchauffée à chauffe directe, y compris les accessoires. Pour les besoins de la présente norme, les générateurs de vapeur et d'eau surchauffée sont des récipients et des circuits dans lesquels :
de la vapeur est générée à une pression supérieure à la pression atmosphérique pour des besoins extérieurs au circuit ;
de l'eau est chauffée à une température supérieure à la température de saturation à la pression atmosphérique pour des besoins extérieurs au circuit.
Un générateur de vapeur est normalement constitué de l'évaporateur chauffé au gaz de combustion, du surchauffeur, du resurchauffeur, du réchauffeur d'eau d'alimentation, du réchauffeur d'air, le cas échéant du réchauffeur de combustible et de l'équipement de chauffe.
Le terme "à chauffe directe" fait référence à un équipement au moyen duquel l'énergie chimique d'un combustible de composition connue est convertie en chaleur sensible. De tels équipements peuvent comprendre la chauffe à alimentation automatique, des systèmes de combustion ou de chauffe à lit fluidisé.
Les accessoires comprennent les alimenteurs doseurs de combustible, les installations de pulvérisation, le ventilateur FD (tirage forcé), le ventilateur ID (tirage induit), les installations d'évacuation des résidus (résidus de combustion), le réchauffeur d'air à vapeur, le réchauffeur d'air principal, le cas échéant le réchauffeur de combustible et le dépoussiéreur.
La présente norme ne couvre pas :
¾ les unités chauffées avec des combustibles spéciaux (par exemple des déchets) ;
¾ les générateurs de vapeur sous pression (par exemple des chaudières à combustion à lit fluidisé (PFBC)) ;
¾ les générateurs de vapeur dans des systèmes à cycle combiné.
Par analogie, la présente norme peut être appliquée aux essais de réception :
¾ d'unités à chauffe indirecte (par exemple des chaudières de récupération) ;
¾ des unités fonctionnant avec d'autres vecteurs thermiques
Vodocevni kotli in pomožne napeljave - 15. del: Prevzemni preskusi
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-May-2004
- Technical Committee
- TLP - Pressure vessels
- Current Stage
- 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
- Start Date
- 01-Jun-2004
- Due Date
- 01-Jun-2004
- Completion Date
- 01-Jun-2004
Overview
EN 12952-15:2003 - part of the CEN series on water‑tube boilers and auxiliary installations - specifies requirements and recommendations for acceptance (thermal performance) tests of direct‑fired steam boilers and hot‑water generators and their auxiliaries. The standard is intended to verify that contractual guarantees (efficiency, output and other guaranteed parameters) have been met for steam generators that supply steam or hot water for external use.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope and field of application: Applies to direct‑fired steam and hot‑water generators (including evaporator, superheater, reheater, feedwater heater, air/fuel heaters and fuel‑burning equipment) and common auxiliaries (fans, pulverizers, dust collectors, feeders). Excludes special fuels, pressurized steam generators (e.g. PFBC) and combined‑cycle steam generators.
- Acceptance test methods: Two principal approaches are defined:
- Direct (input–output) method - compares heat absorbed by water/steam with heat input from fuel (plus any heat credits).
- Indirect (heat‑loss) method - identifies and sums accountable heat losses and credits; efficiency = 100% − (sum of losses)/(fuel energy + credits).
- Envelope boundary and efficiency definition: Establishes the system boundary for heat balance and a reference temperature for reporting efficiency.
- Basic test conditions and performance: Guidance on test preparation (cleanliness, steady‑state conditions, test duration), preliminary runs, and handling multi‑supplier systems.
- Instrumentation and measurement: Requirements for pressure, temperature, flow, calorific value and composition measurements; guidance on location and metrology of measuring points.
- Corrections and uncertainty: Procedures to correct measured results to guarantee conditions (e.g., inlet parameter deviations) and detailed treatment of averaging and measurement uncertainty, including guide values and calculation fundamentals.
- Guaranteed parameters & reporting: Defines parameters typically subject to guarantee and the basis for determining them.
Applications and users
EN 12952-15 is used for:
- Boiler manufacturers and suppliers to demonstrate contractual performance.
- Owners/operators and commissioning engineers for acceptance testing and warranty verification.
- Independent inspection bodies, test laboratories and certifiers for compliance checks.
- Consultants and EPC contractors for specifying test regimes in procurement and contracts.
- Maintenance teams for benchmarking performance during upgrades or troubleshooting.
Practical uses include commissioning acceptance, efficiency validation, contractual disputes, retrofit verification and energy audits.
Related standards
- Part of the EN 12952 series (e.g., EN 12952‑1: General) and references multiple ISO/EN measurement and instrument standards for pressure, temperature and flow measurements. Use EN 12952‑15 alongside other Parts to cover design, materials, testing and safety comprehensively.
Keywords: EN 12952-15, water-tube boilers, acceptance tests, thermal efficiency, heat balance, direct-fired steam boilers, hot water generators, measurement uncertainty, CEN standard.
Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN 12952-15:2004 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Water-tube boilers and auxiliary installations - Part 15: Acceptance tests". This standard covers: This European Standard covers direct-fired steam and hot water generators, including the auxiliaries. For the purposes of this standard, steam and hot water generators are vessels and pipework systems in which: ¾ steam at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure is generated for use external to the system; ¾ water is heated to a temperature higher than the saturation temperature at atmospheric pressure for use external to the system. A steam generator normally consists of the flue gas-heated evaporator, the superheater, the reheater, the feedwater heater, the air heater, the fuel heater, if any, and the fuel burning equipment. The term 'direct-fired' relates to equipment by means of which the chemical heat in the fuel of known composition is converted to sensible heat. Such equipment can involve stoker firing, fluidized-bed combustion or burner systems. The auxiliaries include the fuel feeders, the pulverizer, the FD (forced draught) fan, the ID (induced draught) fan, the facilities for removal of the refuse (combustion residues), the steam air heater, the main air heater, the fuel heater, if any, and the dust collector.
This European Standard covers direct-fired steam and hot water generators, including the auxiliaries. For the purposes of this standard, steam and hot water generators are vessels and pipework systems in which: ¾ steam at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure is generated for use external to the system; ¾ water is heated to a temperature higher than the saturation temperature at atmospheric pressure for use external to the system. A steam generator normally consists of the flue gas-heated evaporator, the superheater, the reheater, the feedwater heater, the air heater, the fuel heater, if any, and the fuel burning equipment. The term 'direct-fired' relates to equipment by means of which the chemical heat in the fuel of known composition is converted to sensible heat. Such equipment can involve stoker firing, fluidized-bed combustion or burner systems. The auxiliaries include the fuel feeders, the pulverizer, the FD (forced draught) fan, the ID (induced draught) fan, the facilities for removal of the refuse (combustion residues), the steam air heater, the main air heater, the fuel heater, if any, and the dust collector.
SIST EN 12952-15:2004 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 27.060.30 - Boilers and heat exchangers. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN 12952-15:2004 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 97/23/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/071. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase SIST EN 12952-15:2004 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of SIST standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Vodocevni kotli in pomožne napeljave – 15. del: Prevzemni preskusiWasserrohrkessel und Anlagenkomponenten - Teil 15: AbnahmeversucheChaudieres a tubes d'eau et installations auxiliaires - Partie 15: Essais de réceptionWater-tube boilers and auxiliary installations - Part 15: Acceptance tests27.060.30Grelniki vode in prenosniki toploteBoilers and heat exchangersICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12952-15:2003SIST EN 12952-15:2004en01-junij-2004SIST EN 12952-15:2004SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 12952-15September 2003ICS 27.040English versionWater-tube boilers and auxiliary installations - Part 15:Acceptance testsChaudières à tubes d'eau et à tubes de fumée - Partie 15:Essais de réceptionWasserrohrkessel und Anlagenkomponenten - Teil 15:AbnahmeversucheThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 June 2003.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2003 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12952-15:2003 ESIST EN 12952-15:2004
gastemperature.659.6Efficiency under guarantee conditions.6910Averaging and uncertainty of measurement.7010.1General.7010.2Averaging and corrections.7010.3Fundamentals of calculating uncertainty.7110.4Guide values for measurement uncertainties.7310.5Calculation of uncertainty.82Annex A (normative)
Statistical Combustion Calculation.85Bibliography.87SIST EN 12952-15:2004
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The SIST EN 12952-15:2004 standard provides a comprehensive framework for the acceptance tests of water-tube boilers and auxiliary installations. Its scope addresses critical components of direct-fired steam and hot water generators, emphasizing the operational requirements necessary to ensure performance and safety in the use of these systems. One of the strengths of this standard is its detailed definition of the parameters surrounding steam generation and water heating at elevated pressures and temperatures. By explicitly detailing the constituent parts of a steam generator, including the flue gas-heated evaporator, superheater, and various heating components, the standard ensures that stakeholders have a clear understanding of the essential functionalities and configurations of efficient boiler systems. Moreover, the inclusion of auxiliary equipment such as fuel feeders, pulverizers, and draught fans showcases the standard's relevance to the entire operational ecosystem surrounding direct-fired systems. This holistic approach supports best practices in design, installation, and operational testing, thereby enhancing reliability and efficiency. The emphasis on acceptance tests further strengthens the standard by establishing benchmarks for performance assessment. With rigorous testing protocols, stakeholders can confidently validate the functionality and safety of their installations, ultimately leading to increased operational trustworthiness. Overall, SIST EN 12952-15:2004 stands as an essential guideline for the industry, ensuring that water-tube boilers and auxiliary installations operate effectively while adhering to safety and performance standards. Its relevance in the context of modern energy production and sustainability initiatives cannot be overstated, making it an invaluable resource for professionals engaged in the design, implementation, and maintenance of boiler systems.
Die SIST EN 12952-15:2004 ist eine bedeutende europäische Norm, die sich mit Wasserrohrkesseln und den zugehörigen Installationen befasst, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Akzeptanzprüfungen. Die Norm umfasst direkt befeuerte Dampfkessel und Warmwassererzeuger sowie deren Hilfseinrichtungen. Sie ist entscheidend für die Gewährleistung von Sicherheit und Effizienz in der Industrie, insbesondere bei der Nutzung von Dampf und heißem Wasser für externe Anwendungen. Ein wesentlicher Stärke dieser Norm ist ihr umfassender Geltungsbereich, der die verschiedenen Komponenten eines Dampferzeugers abdeckt, einschließlich der verdampfenden Flamme, des Überhitzers, des Nachhitzers und der Brennstoffvorwärmer. Durch die klare Definition von "direkt befeuert" wird die Benutzerfreundlichkeit erhöht, da Anwender auf spezifische Verfahren wie Stokerfeuerung oder Wirbelschichtverbrennung zurückgreifen können. Diese Details sind wesentlich, um die richtigen Anforderungen für die Sicherheit und Leistung zu verstehen, die mit der Nutzung dieser Technologien verbunden sind. Ein weiteres hervorzuhebendes Merkmal der Norm ist die Berücksichtigung der Hilfssysteme, wie der Brennstoffförderer, der Zerkleinerer und der verschiedenen Ventilatoren zur Luftförderung. Diese Hilfseinrichtungen spielen eine zentrale Rolle im Gesamtprozess und deren ordnungsgemäße Funktion ist entscheidend für eine effiziente und umweltfreundliche Betriebsweise. Die Relevanz der SIST EN 12952-15:2004 erstreckt sich über die Grenzen von Benutzerorganisationen und industriellen Anwendungen hinaus. Sie dient als wertvolle Richtlinie für die Konstruktion, den Betrieb und die Wartung von Wasserdampfkesseln und deren Hilfseinrichtungen innerhalb der EU und trägt damit zur Verbesserung der Sicherheitsstandards und der Effizienz bei. Insgesamt bietet die Norm eine gründliche und systematische Herangehensweise zur Akzeptanzprüfung von Wasserrohrkesseln und ist somit ein unverzichtbares Dokument für alle, die in der Branche tätig sind. Durch ihre klare Struktur und umfassenden Inhalte stellt die SIST EN 12952-15:2004 sicher, dass nur die höchsten Standards in Bezug auf Leistung und Sicherheit eingehalten werden.
SIST EN 12952-15:2004는 직화식 증기 및 온수 발생기와 그 보조 시설에 대한 유럽 표준으로, 물관 보일러의 적합성 시험을 다루고 있습니다. 이 표준의 범위는 증기와 온수를 외부 시스템에서 사용할 수 있도록 생성하는 장치 및 파이프 시스템에 포함됩니다. 이 문서는 기준적인 사항을 명확히 하여 산업계에서의 안전성과 효율성을 보장합니다. 이 표준은 여러 강점을 지니고 있습니다. 첫째, 직화식 장비를 통해 연료의 화학 열이 실질적인 열로 전환되는 과정을 체계적으로 검토합니다. 이러한 명확한 정의는 관련 산업에서 일관된 접근 방식을 촉진하므로 매우 중요합니다. 둘째, 보조 기구의 포함으로 인해 전체 시스템의 안전성과 성능을 높이는 데 기여합니다. 예를 들어, 연료 공급 장치, 연료 분쇄기, 강제 배기 팬 및 배수 팬 등 다양한 보조 장비는 시스템의 효율성을 극대화하는 데 필수적입니다. 또한, 이 표준은 유럽 전역에서 광범위하게 수용될 수 있는 보편적인 기준을 제공하여, 각국의 법규 및 산업 표준과의 통합을 용이하게 합니다. 이는 국제적인 인증을 추구하는 기업들에게 매우 중요한 요소입니다. 결론적으로, SIST EN 12952-15:2004는 물관 보일러와 그 부속 장치의 수용 시험에 있어 중요한 기준을 제시하며, 안전성과 효율성을 높이는 데 필수적인 역할을 합니다. 이 표준은 고압 증기 및 뜨거운 물의 안전한 사용을 위한 필수 지침으로서, 관련 산업에 긴밀히 연관되어 있습니다.
SIST EN 12952-15:2004は、直火式蒸気および温水発生器とその付属設備に関する欧州規格です。この標準の適用範囲は、システム外で使用されるための高圧蒸気の生成や、外部利用のために大気圧よりも高い温度まで加熱された水の生成を含みます。特に、蒸気発生器は、煙道ガスで加熱された蒸発器、過熱器、再加熱器、給水加熱器、空気加熱器、燃料加熱器（必要に応じて）、および燃焼装置から構成される点が特徴です。 「直火式」という用語は、既知の組成を持つ燃料中の化学熱が感知熱に変換される装置を指し、ストーカー燃焼、流動床燃焼またはバーナーシステムを含む場合があります。また、付属設備としては、燃料供給装置、粉砕機、強制送風ファン、誘導送風ファン、残渣（燃焼残留物）の除去施設、蒸気空気加熱器、主空気加熱器、燃料加熱器（必要に応じて）、および集じん機が含まれています。 この標準の強みは、効率的かつ安全に水管ボイラーとその付属制度を設計、運用、維持するための具体的な受入試験方法を提供する点にあります。また、業界全体の基準を確立することで、製品の信頼性や安全性を向上させ、欧州市場における貿易を円滑にする役割も果たしています。これにより、全ての関連する事業者が共通の基準に基づいて運営できるため、業界内の透明性と公正性を高めることにつながります。 したがって、SIST EN 12952-15:2004は、蒸気及び温水発生器の製造、運用、保守に関わるすべての専門家にとって、非常に重要で信頼性のあるガイドラインを提供する標準であり、その関連性は今後も高まると考えられます。
La norme SIST EN 12952-15:2004 représente une avancée significative dans la standardisation des chaudières à tubes d'eau et des installations auxiliaires. Son champ d'application se concentre sur les générateurs de vapeur et d'eau chaude à combustion directe, englobant non seulement l'équipement principal, mais aussi les accessoires essentiels pour un fonctionnement optimal. L'une des forces notables de cette norme est sa couverture exhaustive des différents composants impliqués dans le processus de génération de vapeur. Elle décrit avec précision les éléments d'une chaudière, tels que l'évaporateur, le surchauffeur, le réchauffeur, le préchauffeur d'eau, ainsi que les équipements de combustion. Cette clarté technique assure une compréhension commune pour les fabricants, les utilisateurs et les inspecteurs, facilitant ainsi la mise en œuvre de bonnes pratiques de conception et de fonctionnement. La norme aborde également les systèmes auxiliaires, comme les dispositifs d'alimentation en combustible, les ventilateurs de tirage, et les systèmes de collecte des cendres. Cela souligne l'importance d'une approche intégrée dans la gestion des chaudières à tubes d'eau, mettant en lumière les interactions nécessaires entre les différents composants pour garantir l'efficacité et la sécurité des installations. En ce qui concerne la pertinence de cette norme, elle répond à des exigences impératives du secteur énergétique, où la performance des chaudières est cruciale pour l'optimisation des coûts et la réduction des émissions environnementales. En établissant des tests d'acceptation spécifiques, la norme garantit que les générateurs de vapeur et d'eau chaude fonctionnent conformément aux critères de sécurité et d'efficacité, contribuant ainsi au développement durable. En somme, la SIST EN 12952-15:2004 s'impose non seulement comme un document technique indispensable pour les professionnels du secteur, mais également comme un cadre de référence qui promeut des standards de qualité élevés pour les chaudières à tubes d'eau et leurs installations auxiliaires.
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