ISO 8157:2015

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 8157
NORME
Second edition
Deuxième édition
INTERNATIONALE 2015-07-01
Fertilizers and soil conditioners —
Vocabulary
Engrais et amendements —
Vocabulaire
Reference number
Numéro de référence
©
ISO 2015
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2015
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Contents Page
Foreword .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Terms and definitions . 1
2.1 General terms . 1
2.2 Terms relating to products . 8
2.3 Terms relating to physical properties .14
2.4 Terms relating to physico-chemical properties .16
2.5 Terms relating to safety .17
2.6 Terms relating to sampling .18
Foreword
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different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
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any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
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constitute an endorsement.
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assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 134, Fertilizers and soil conditioners.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 8157:1984), which has been technically
revised.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8157:2015(E/F)
Fertilizers and soil conditioners — Vocabulary
1 Scope
This International Standard defines terms relating to fertilizers and soil conditioners.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1 General terms
2.1.1
fertilizer
substance containing one or more recognized plant nutrient(s), which is used for its plant nutrient
content and which is designed for use or claimed to have value in promoting plant growth
2.1.2
plant nutrient
chemical element, which is essential for plant growth
2.1.3
fertilizer nutrient
plant nutrient applied in the course of fertilization
Note 1 to entry: Some countries/regions declare/express nutrients in their oxide forms (e.g. CaO) but also in their
elementary forms.
2.1.3.1
primary nutrient (element)
elements nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium only
Note 1 to entry: Macronutrient is also used. These include the following plant food: nitrogen (N), available
phosphate (P O ), and soluble potash (K O).
2 5 2
Note 2 to entry: The following definition is recognized by some specific countries/regions: macro nutrient is the
sum of primary and secondary nutrients, such as N, P, K, and Mg, Ca, as well as S (Na, Si).
2.1.3.2
secondary nutrient (element)
elements calcium, magnesium, and sulfur
Note 1 to entry: Sodium (Na) is one of the secondary nutrients (elements) in some countries/regions.
2.1.3.3
micronutrient; trace element
element, such as boron, manganese, iron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, cobalt, and/or chlorine, which are
essential, in relatively small quantities, for plant growth
Note 1 to entry: Nickel (Ni) is also called a micronutrient (element) in some countries/regions, while in Japan,
nickel is classified as harmful element.
2.1.4
beneficial substance or elements
substance or element other than primary, secondary, or micronutrient that can be demonstrated by
scientific research to be beneficial or may be essential to one or more species of plants, when applied
exogenously
2.1.5
inorganic fertilizer
fertilizer without organic material other than those defined as additives
Note 1 to entry: Calcium cyanamide, urea and its condensation products and chelated and complex micro-
nutrients are, by convention, recognized as inorganic fertilizers.
2.1.6
organic fertilizer
material containing carbon or one or more elements other than hydrogen and oxygen, mainly of plant
and/or animal origin added either directly to the plant or to the soil, specifically, for the nutrition of
plants and that may improve soil structure
2.1.7
organic nitrogenous fertilizer
material of biological origin in which the declarable nitrogen content is organically combined with
carbon and which may contain other elements, but which do not have declarable phosphorus or
potassium contents
2.1.8
synthetic nitrogenous fertilizer
nitrogenous fertilizer in which the nitrogen is combined with carbon by organic synthesis
2.1.9
organo-mineral fertilizer
semi-organic fertilizer
product in which declared nutrients are of both organic and inorganic origin obtained by mixing and/or
chemical combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers
2.1.10
organo-mineral compound fertilizer
organic-inorganic compound fertilizer
compound fertilizer containing an amount of organic fertilizer
2.1.11
slow release fertilizer
fertilizer, of which, by hydrolysis and/or by biodegradation and/or by limited solubility, the nutrients
available to plants is spread over a period of time, when compared to a “reference soluble” product, e.g.
ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and urea
2.1.12
controlled-release fertilizer
fertilizer in which nutrient release is controlled, meeting the stated release rate of nutrient and the
stated release time at a specified temperature
Note 1 to entry: Typical examples are coated fertilizers, such as, polymer coated fertilizer, PSCU.
2.1.13
partly slow release fertilizer
fertilizer obtained by mixing of slow released fertilizers with rapidly available fertilizers
2.1.14
partly controlled release fertilizer
fertilizer obtained by mixing of controlled released fertilizers with rapidly available fertilizers
2 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved/Tous droits réservés

2.1.15
coated fertilizer
fertilizer, the granules of which are covered with a thin layer of a different material (polymer, sulphur,
and/or other material) in order to improve the behavior and/or modify the characteristics of the fertilizer
2.1.16
stabilized fertilizer
fertilizer product that has been amended with an additive that reduces the rate of transformation of (a)
fertilizer compound(s), extending the time of nutrient availability to the plant by a variety of mechanisms
relative to its un-amended form
Note 1 to entry: Usually refer to nitrogen-stabilized fertilizer.
2.1.16.1
Inhibitor
substance, usually synthetic, which delays or stops the activity of specific groups of micro-organisms
or enzymes
2.1.16.2
urease inhibitor
substance that inhibits hydrolytic action on urea by the urease enzyme
Note 1 to entry: Primarily targeted to reduce ammonia volatilization.
2.1.16.3
nitrification inhibitor
substance that inhibits the biological oxidation of ammoniacal nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen, thus, slowing
the formation of nitrate nitrogen
2.1.17
enhanced efficiency reference product
soluble fertilizer product (prior to treatment by chemical reaction, coating, encapsulation, addition of
inhibitors, compaction, occlusion, or by other means) or the corresponding product used for comparison
to substantiate enhanced efficiency claims
2.1.18
soil conditioner
material (could be inorganic or organic) added to soils to improve the physical and/or chemical
properties, and/or the biological activity of soils without a declarable content of nutrients
2.1.19
synthetic soil conditioner
product made by organic synthesis added to the soil to improve the physical and/or chemical properties,
and/or the biological activity of soils without a declarable content of nutrients
2.1.20
inorganic soil conditioner
soil conditioner without organic matter and a declarable content of nutrients, which improves the
physical and/or chemical properties and/or the biological activity of soils
2.1.20.1
phosphogypsum
calcium sulfate, with a small amount of phosphates, obtained after extracting phosphoric acid during a
specific wet phosphoric acid process
Note 1 to entry: In this process, phosphate rock powder is reacted with concentrated sulfuric acid.
2.1.21
soil improver
material added to soil in situ whose main function is to maintain or improve its physical and/or chemical
and/or biological properties or the soil activity with the exception of liming materials
Note 1 to entry: The term “soil amendment” is also used in some countries/regions.
2.1.22
liming material
mineral substances and mixtures whose main function is to correct soil acidity containing either oxides,
hydroxides, carbonates, or silicates of the nutrients calcium and/or magnesium
Note 1 to entry: The terms “lime” and “liming soil amendment” are also used, but “liming material” or “agricultural
lime” are preferred.
2.1.23
organic soil improver
natural organic material applied principally to improve the physical properties and biological activity
of soil
2.1.24
semi-organic soil improver
soil conditioner containing substances and elements of both organic and inorganic origin
2.1.25
water soluble fertilizer
fertilizer, virtual completely soluble in water and suitable for fertigation and sprinkling irrigation, etc.
2.1.25.1
water soluble nutrient
nutrient completely soluble in water
2.1.26
foliar fertilizer
fertilizer designed for application to, and nutrient uptake by, the foliage of a plant
2.1.27
chelated fertilizer
fertilizer in which one or more nutrients are bonded by chelating agents
2.1.27.1
chelated plant nutrient
product of a chemical reaction between a metal cation that is recognized as a plant nutrient and a
chelating agent
2.1.27.2
chelate
molecular entity in which exists the presence of bonds (or attractive interactions) between two or more
separate binding sites within the same ORGANIC ligand and a single central atom of a metal forming a
five- or six-membered ring
2.1.27.3
chelating agent
organic molecule having two or more sites that donate electron pairs to a central metal cation and is
large enough to form a five- or six-membered ring structure
EXAMPLE Examples include EDTA, NTA (nitrilotriacetic acid), and IDHA (iminodisuccinic acid).
4 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved/Tous droits réservés

2.1.27.4
coordinating complex
molecular entity in which exists the presence of bonds (or attractive interactions) between two or more
components of organic molecular entities and one central metallic atom
Note 1 to entry: When this metal complex is formed because the interaction of two or more separate binding sites
within the same organic ligand and a single central atom forming a five-or six-membered ring, then it becomes a
chelate.
2.1.27.5
coordinating agent
sequestering agent
organic molecule having two or more sites that donate electron pairs to a central metal cation, which
form a product of sufficient stability with the cation that does not undergo many of free metal typical
reactions, e.g. precipitation in basic solution
2.1.28
soil fertility
ability of a soil to support and ensure plant growth
2.1.29
fertilization
any or all aspects of the use of fertilizers and soil conditioners to improve crop growth and soil fertility
Note 1 to entry: The English term “fertilization” has a more restricted meaning than the French term “fertilization”
which covers all the techniques of management of fertilizers and soil conditioners.
2.1.30
application
process of administering fertilizers, liming materials, and soil improvers to a crop or soil or both
Note 1 to entry: This term embraces broadcasting, spreading/spraying, or dusting, as well as more specific
placement methods including injection into the soil and the combined drilling of seed and fertilizer. It includes
nutrient film techniques, foliar application, and the addition of fertilizers to irrigation water (fertigation).
2.1.31
fertigation
application of fertilizer dissolved in irrigation water
2.1.32
dose rate
dose
mass or volume of fertilizer or soil conditioner or nutrient applied per unit area of cultivated land or unit
mass of growth medium
2.1.33
solubility of a fertilizer nutrient
mass or volume of a given nutrient which is extracted by a specific medium under specified conditions
Note 1 to entry: Expressed as a percentage by mass or volume of the fertilizer.
2.1.34
solubility of a fertilizer
mass of a fertilizer that will dissolve in a given volume of water at a given temperature (such as kg/m
at 298 K)
2.1.35
fertilizer unit
unit mass of a fertilizer nutrient (in the form of the element or an oxide), generally 1 kg
2.1.36
total primary nutrient
sum of total nitrogen, available phosphorus (P O ), and water-soluble potash (K O) content, expressed
2 5 2
as mass fraction in percent
2.1.37
primary nutrient formula
term used in some countries to express, by numbers, in the order of N-P O -K O, the respective content
2 5 2
of these nutrients in a compound fertilizer
Note 1 to entry: In some countries/regions, the mass fraction is expressed as the percentage of either element or
oxide, in the order of nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium: secondary nutrients and micro-nutrients, the respective
content of these nutrients in a compound fertilizer.
Note 2 to entry: A zero may be used to indicate the absence of an element.
2.1.38
declarable content
content of an element (or an oxide) which, may be given on a label or document associated with fertilizer
or soil conditioner, as applicable to regional regulations
Note 1 to entry: In some regions/countries, the term ‘declarable content’ can also be referred to as ‘nutrient
guarantee’.
2.1.39
declaration
statement of the nutrient content, or other information, according to regional regulations
2.1.40
marking
statement, symbol, logo, picture, and/or information, that is present on the label or package and identifies
or implies a product and its quality, quantity, characteristic, usage, etc.
2.1.41
tolerance
permitted deviation of the measured value of a nutrient content from its declared value
Note 1 to entry: The term Investigational Allowance is also used in some countries/regions; please refer to the
country/region’s laws/regulations.
2.1.42
guarantee (of composition)
quantitative and/or qualitative characteristics with which a marketed product shall comply for
contractual or legal requirements
2.1.43
nutrient ratio
ratio by mass of the primary nutrients in the fertilizer, expressed in the form of the element or an oxide,
in the order of nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium
Note 1 to entry: The ratio may be based on nitrogen as unity or on the nutrient with the lowest proportion.
2.1.44
granular fertilizer
solid material formed into particles of a predetermined size and expressed in SGN, D , and UI, size
range, or other specific methods
2.1.45
granulation
technique using processes such as agglomeration, crushing into fine particles, accretion or compaction,
to make a granulate fertilizer from fine particles
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2.1.46
grain size
dimension which corresponds to the smallest sieve aperture size through which a particle will pass if
presented in the most favourable attitude
2.1.47
prill
granule obtained by solidification of droplets of fertilizers or by crystallization under special conditions
2.1.48
powder
solid substance in the form of very fine particles
2.1.49
powdered fertilizer
fertilizer in the form of fine particles, formed by precipitation, crystallization, or grinding of larger
particles
2.1.50
liquid fertilizer
general term for fertilizers in suspension or solution and for liquefied ammonia
2.1.51
solution fertilizer
liquid fertilizer free of solid particles
2.1.52
suspension fertilizer
two-phase fertilizer in which solid particles are maintained in suspension in the aqueous phase
2.1.53
additive agent
substance added to fertilizer materials to provide bulk, prevent caking, or serve some purpose other
than providing essential plant nutrients
2.1.54
filler
substance added to fertilizer materials to provide bulk other than providing essential plant nutrients
2.1.55
container
closed receptacle directly in contact with a fertilizer or soil conditioner whereby the fertilizer or soil
conditioner may be transported or stored in unit quantities (for example a bag, bottle, tank, barrel)
2.1.56
packaging
any product to be used for the containment, protection, handling, delivery, storage, transport,
and presentation of goods, from raw material to processed goods, from the producer to user or consumer,
including processor, assembler, or other intermediary
2.1.57
package
packaging (2.1.56) and its contents
2.1.58
big bag
flexible container, holding 250 kg to 1 500 kg
2.1.59
label
piece of paper or plastic, or a printed area of a package or container, marked with the necessary
information to identify the product and make known its essential characteristics
2.1.60
bulk
means a fertilizer distributed in non-packaged form
2.1.61
availability
extent to which fertilizer nutrients can be taken up by plants
2.1.62
non-nutritive trace elements
elements above critical levels which are harmful to ecological systems and/or human health and
regulated with different regional/national classifications, for example As, Cd, Cr(VI), Pb and Hg
Note 1 to entry: In some countries, historically also refer to heavy metal.
- - - - 2- -
Note 2 to entry: In some countries, F , Cl , Br , I , NO , SCN may be also referred.
2.2 Terms relating to products
NOTE Nutrition content should meet the law/regulation of each country/region.
2.2.1 Nitrogen product
2.2.1.1
aqueous ammonia
solution containing water and ammonia in any proportion
Note 1 to entry: This is usually qualified by a reference to nitrogen content.
2.2.1.2
calcium nitrate
chemically obtained product containing calcium nitrate as its essential ingredient
2.2.1.3
calcium ammonium nitrate
nitrogen fertilizer consisting of a hydrated double salt of calcium nitrate and ammonium nitrate with
water of crystallization, with the chemical formula of 5Ca(NO ) .NH NO .10H O
3 2 4 3 2
Note 1 to entry: In some countries/regions, it is also called calcium nitrate.
2.2.1.4
calcium cyanamide
chemically obtained product containing calcium cyanamide as its essential ingredient
2.2.1.5
ammonium sulfate
sulfate of ammonia
chemically obtained product containing ammonium sulfate as its essential ingredient
2.2.1.6
ammonium chloride
chemically obtained product containing ammonium chloride as its essential ingredient
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2.2.1.7
ammonium sulfated nitrate
chemically obtained product containing ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate as its essential
ingredients
2.2.1.8
ammonium nitrate
chemically obtained product containing ammonium nitrate as its essential ingredient, which may contain
fillers such as ground limestone, calcium sulfate, ground dolomite, magnesium sulfate, and kieserite
2.2.1.9
urea
white crystalline, or granular, solid synthesized from ammonia and carbon dioxide under high
temperature and pressure by a number of processes
2.2.1.10
urea ammonium nitrate fertilizer solution
UAN
solution of urea and ammonium nitrate in water used as fertilizer
2.2.1.11
urea-ammonium mixed nitrogen fertilizer
solid straight nitrogen fertilizer containing ureic nitrogen and ammoniacal nitrogen only
2.2.1.12
sulfur coated urea
SCU
coated controlled release fertilizer consisting of urea particles coated with sulfur
Note 1 to entry: The product is usually further coated with a sealant and, if necessary, a conditioner to avoid
tackiness from the sealant.
2.2.1.13
polymer
chemical compound or mixture of compounds consisting of repeating structural units created through
polymerization
2.2.1.14
polymer coated urea
PCU
coated controlled release fertilizer consisting of urea particles coated with a polymer
Note 1 to entry: It is a source of controlled release nitrogen.
2.2.1.15
polymer sulfur coated urea
PSCU
coated slow release fertilizer consisting of urea particles coated with a polymer and sulfur
2.2.2 Phosphorus product
2.2.2.1
single superphosphate
product obtained by reaction of ground mineral phosphate with sulphuric acid and containing
monocalcium phosphate as an essential ingredient, as well as calcium sulfate
2.2.2.2
dicalcium phosphate
product obtained by precipitation of solubilized phosphoric acid from mineral phosphates or bones and
containing dicalcium phosphate dihydrate as its essential ingredient
2.2.2.3
triple superphosphate
product obtained by reaction of ground mineral phosphate with phosphoric acid and containing
monocalcium phosphate as its essential ingredient
2.2.2.4
fused calcium-magnesium phosphate (fertilizer)
vitreous aluminosilicate containing phosphate, which is formed by phosphate rock and rock containing
magnesium and silicon through hot melting, quenching, drying, and grinding in a blast or electric furnace
2.2.3 Potash product
2.2.3.1
potassium magnesium sulfate
sulfate of potash magnesia
potassium salt containing water-soluble potash principally as sulfates and sulfate of magnesium
Note 1 to entry: Typically, a naturally occurring soluble mineral that is a double salt of potassium sulfate and
magnesium sulfate.
2.2.3.2
potassium chloride
muriate of potash
product obtained from crude potassium salts or brines containing potassium chloride as its essential
ingredient
2.2.3.3
potassium sulfate
sulfate of potash
product obtained chemically from sulfuric acid, sulfates, and potassium salts or from naturally occurring
minerals containing potassium sulfate as its essential ingredient
2.2.4 NP product
2.2.4.1
monoammonium phosphate
MAP
product composed of ammonium phosphates, principally monoammonium phosphate, resulting from
the ammoniation of phosphoric acid
2.2.4.2
diammonium phosphate
DAP
product composed of ammonium phosphates, principally diammonium phosphate, resulting from the
ammoniation of phosphoric acid
2.2.4.3
nitrophosphate
compound fertilizer derived from the digestion of phosphate rock with nitric acid
2.2.5 NK product
2.2.5.1
potassium nitrate
nitrate of potash
chiefly the potassium salt of nitric acid, product obtained chemically or naturally from nitric acid,
nitrates and potassium chloride
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2.2.6 PK product
2.2.6.1
monopotassium phosphate
monopotassium salt of phosphoric acid
2.2.6.2
dipotassium phosphate
dipotassium salt of phosphoric acid
2.2.7 NPK product
2.2.7.1
compound fertilizer
fertilizer having a declarable content of at least two of the primary plant nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus,
and potassium), obtained chemically or by blending, or both, including NP, NK, PK, and NPK product
2.2.7.2
complex fertilizer
compound fertilizer, obtained by chemical reaction, having a declarable content of at least two of the
primary nutrients, including NP, NK, PK, and NPK product
2.2.7.3
blend fertilizer
fertilizer obtained by dry or liquid mixing of several components, with no chemical reaction
2.2.7.4
bulk blend
blended fertilizer transported or supplied in bulk
2.2.7.5
potassium nitrophosphate
fertilizer obtained by adding potassium salt after the reaction of ground mineral phosphate with nitric
acid
2.2.8 Miscellaneous products
2.2.8.1
ash
mineral residue remaining after the destruction of organic material by burning
Note 1 to entry: Such residues may be used as fertilizers, for example, plant ash and animal ash, containing mainly
potassium salts and phosphates.
2.2.8.2
blood
dried blood
blood meal
blood which has been dried and to which no other material has been added
2.2.8.3
bone
hard tissue forming the skeletal structure of animals and containing salts of calcium, chiefly phosphate
and carbonate
2.2.8.4
bone meal
degreased bone which may be degelatinized and has been ground or crushed to pass a sieve of specified
aperture size
2.2.8.5
clay
group of hydrated aluminium silicates of microcrystalline structure (most often in parallel plates)
Note 1 to entry: This group of minerals has colloidal properties.
2.2.8.6
compost
organic soil improver obtained by decomposition of a mixture consisting principally of various vegetable
residues, occasionally with organic materials of animal origin, and having a limited mineral content
2.2.8.7
dung
semi-solid excrements of animals used as fertilizers and/or soil conditioners
2.2.8.8
fish guano
material consisting essentially of fresh by-products of the fishing industry and produced by grinding
and composting
2.2.8.9
fish-meal
product obtained by drying and grinding, or otherwise treating, fish or fish waste and to which no
addition has been made
2.2.8.10
growing medium
material, other than soils in situ, in which plants are grown
2.2.8.11
bat guano
bird guano
excrements and remains of any bats or birds, except poultry, containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and
potassium, and to which no addition has been made
2.2.8.12
humus
material that is derived primarily from the decomposition of plant and animal matter in such manner
that origin of the material is not recognizable
2.2.8.13
humic acid
portion of the alkali extracted humic substances that are insoluble in strongly acidic solution, generally
obtained from humus, peat, weathered coal, lignite, or other similar materials, e.g. leonardite
2.2.8.14
humic substances
any of the various organic acids obtained from humus, peat, weathered coal, lignite or other similar
materials, e.g. leonardite
2.2.8.15
liquid animal waste from abattoir
as distinct from ‘slurry’ and liquid manure in that it could contain blood
2.2.8.16
liquid manure
liquid arising from animal urine and litter fluids or from a dung heap
2.2.8.17
manure
mixture of litter and dung in process of biological change
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2.2.8.18
marl
soft, natural deposit containing varying amounts of calcium carbonate mixed with clay
2.2.8.19
meat meal
product obtained by drying and grinding, or otherwise treating, flesh or flesh fiber and to which no
addition has been made
2.2.8.20
oil cake
residue remaining after the removal of the oil from oilseeds
2.2.8.21
peat
residual matter from plants grown and decayed in almost permanently waterlogged conditions and
which may contain a limited quantity of naturally occurring mineral material
2.2.8.22
slurry
semi-liquid effluent from livestock, consisting of urine and faeces, possibly diluted with water
2.2.8.23
urea condensate
product of a reaction between urea and aldehyde(s) that produces a slow release nitrogenous fertilizer
EXAMPLE Urea formaldehyde (UF), methylene urea (MU), crotonylidene diurea (CDU), isobutylidene diurea
(IBDU), Triazone.
2.2.8.24
urea formaldehyde
slow-release nitrogenous fertilizer produced by the reaction between urea and formaldehyde to produce
polymethylene ureas of the general formula NH -CO-(NHCH NHCO) NH with low relative molecular
2 2 n 2
mass and a relatively quick mineralization be available during crop cycle
2.2.8.24.1
methylene urea
MU
polymethylene urea
product obtained by the reaction of urea with formaldehyde, containing oligomers of urea bonded
together by methylene (-CH -) linkages
Note 1 to entry: It is chiefly composed of cold-water soluble fraction from methylenediurea (MDU)
and dimethylenetriurea (DMTU), hot-water soluble fraction from trimethylenetetraurea (TMTU) and
tetramethylenepentaurea (TMPU), and hot-water insoluble fractions from longer chain oligomers. It is generally
free of methylolureas and methylol ethers. It is a source of slowly available nitrogen.
2.2.8.24.2
isobutylidene diurea
IBDU
condensation product of isobutyraldehyde and urea
Note 1 to entry: It is a source of slowly available nitrogen by virtue of particle size, solubility decreasing with
increase in particle size.
2.2.8.24.3
CDU
product obtained by reaction of urea with crotonaldehyde
Note 1 to entry: It is a source of slowly available nitrogen.
2.2.8.24.4
triazone
water soluble compound of formula C H N O [5-(N-methyl)-urea-1,3,5-triazin-2-one or
5 11 5 2
5-methyleneureido-2-oxohexahydro-s triazine], produced by reaction of urea, formaldehyde, and
ammonia
Note 1 to entry: It is a source of slowly available nitrogen.
2.3 Terms relating to physical properties
2.3.1
density
mass per unit volume, applicable to both liquids and solids
Note 1 to entry: For solid, density may be various depending on the method of measurement.
2.3.2
bulk density (loose)
mass per unit volume of a solid material after it has been tipped freely into a container under clearly
specified conditions
2.3.3
bulk density (tapped)
mass per unit volume of a solid material tipped into a container and then compacted under clearly
specified conditions
2.3.4
particle size analysis [granulometry] by sieving
division of a sample into size fractions
Note 1 to entry: SGN, UI, and GSI are used in some countries/regions.
Note 2 to entry: Can be accomplished by sieve/ partical distribution analyser.
2.3.5
sieving
process of separating a mixture of particles according to their sizes by one or more sieves
2.3.5.1
test sieving
sieving with one or more test sieves
2.3.5.2
undersize
portion of the charge which passes through a sieve of specified aperture size
2.3.5.3
oversize
portion of the charge which does not pass through a sieve of specified aperture size
2.3.6
crushing strength
minimum force required to crush individual particles retained between designated sieve sizes
2.3.7
caking
formation of a coherent mass from individual particles
2.3.7.1
anti-caking
measures to prevent caking
14 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved/Tous droits réservés

2.3.7.2
anti-caking agent
substance incorporated in or applied as surface treatment to fertilizer to prevent caking
2.3.8
pourability
extent to which a fertilizer can be drained from its container by gravity as determined by an empirical
procedure
2.3.9
sedimentation
process of particles settling in a fluid medium as a result of gravitational or other applied force
2.3.10
flow rate
mass flow of a material flowing freely through the outlet of a specified calibrated funnel
2.3.11
free flowing
description applied to a fertilizer which flows easily without applying any additional force (than gravity)
2.3.12
segregation
differential movement of particles within a mixture due to differences in their size, shape, or density
2.3.13
porosity
volume fraction of the pores in a fertilizer
2.3.14
static angle of repose
angle at the base of the cone of fertilizer obtained by allowing a sample to fall onto a horizontal base-
plate under specified conditions
2.3.15
size guide number
SGN
number that represents the typical particle size
Note 1 to entry: To calculate SGN, the opening in millimeters that would retain or pass 50 % by weight is determined
and then multiplied by 100.
Note 2 to entry: The typical partical size is also called the mass median diameter (D50).
2.3.16
uniformity index
UI
ratio of the size of small particles (R 95) to large particles (R10) times 100
Note 1 to entry: A lower UI indicates a broad particle size distribution and a higher UI indicates a narrow
distribution.
2.3.17
granulometric spread index
GSI
ratio of granulometric spread based on the spread over two standard deviations around the mass median
particle diameter to mass median particle diameter given by equation: GSI = (d - d ) × 100 / (2 × d )
84 16 50
2.4 Terms relating to physico-chemical properties
2.4.1
moisture
water extractable from a fertilizer by using a specified method appropriate to that fertilizer
2.4.1.1
essential water
water in stoichiometric quantities that forms an integral part of the molecular or crystal structure
2.4.1.2
water of crystallisation
essential water present in a stable solid hydrate
2.4.1.3
water of constitution
essential water that is released when the solid decomposes
2.4.2
ammoniacal nitrogen
portion of the inorganic nitrogen contained in fertilizer that exists in ammonium form
2.4.3
nitric nitrogen
portion of the inorganic nitrogen contained in fertilizer that exists in nitrate form
2.4.4
ureic nitrogen
portion of nitrogen contained in fertilizer that exists in ureic form
2.4.5
water soluble phosphate
portion of the phosphate contained in fertilizer that is soluble in water
2.4.6
ammonium citrate soluble phosphate
phosphate content of a fertilizer that is soluble in a solution of ammonium citrate and ammonia of a
stated standardized concentration
Note 1 to entry: Water soluble phosphorus is not included.
Note 2 to entry: Neutral and base ammonium citrate are both included.
2.4.6.1
neutral ammonium citrate soluble phosphate
phosphate content of a fertilizer that is soluble in a neutral solution of ammonium citrate and ammonia
(pH 7,0)
2.4.7
citrate soluble phosphate
part of the total phosphate in a fertilizer that is insoluble in water but soluble in a solution of citrated of
ammonia
2.4.8
EDTA soluble phosphate
part of the total phosphate in a fertilizer that is insoluble in water but soluble in a solution of EDTA of a
stated standardized concentration
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2.4.9
available phosphate
sum of water soluble and the citrated or EDTA soluble phosphate, as based on regional or national
regulation or in the absence of such regulations, to be considered as the sum of water soluble and citrated
soluble phosphate or EDTA soluble phosphate
2.4.10
water soluble potash
portion of the potash contained in fertilizer that is soluble in water
2.4.11
free acidity
sum of all acidic components in an un-neutralized state
2.4.12
neutralizing value
potential neutralizing capacities of 100 kg of product, measured through the reaction with a strong acid
such as hydrochloric acid
-
Note 1 to entry: Several units may be used (CaO equivalent, CaCO equivalent, or HO equivalent).
2.4.13
saturation temperature
temperature below which crystallization of dissolved constituents begins and above which the last
crystals dissolve
2.4.14
disintegrable rate
rate at which a granulated product is disintegrated and dispersed in water during a specified time period
Note 1 to entry: This rate is expressed in mass fraction.
Note 2 to entry: This rate varies in function of the sieve size used and the mass fraction is obtained by the materials
getting across the sieve compared with all materials.
Note 3 to entry: The disintegrated and dispersed process is also called “the breakdown of granulated fertilizer”.
2.4.15
longevity
time period over which slowly available plant nutrients from a fertilizer are released and made available
for plants
2.4.16
reactivity
rate of reaction of a liming material with acid under specified conditions measured with a specific
standard
2.4.17
liming effect
effect of a liming material on pH increase and soil physical, chemical, or biological properties
2.5 Terms relating to safety
2.5.1
resistance to detonation
resistance to detonation concerning ammonium nitrate fertilizers of high nitrogen content under a
specific testing condition
2.5.2
oxidizing solid
solid which may contribute and intensify the combustion of other material by supplying oxygen
Note 1 to entry: For fertilizers, generally these products contain a high amount of nitrates.
2.5.3
oxidizing liquid
liquid which may contribute and intensify the combustion of other material by supplying oxygen
Note 1 to entry: For fertilizers generally these products contain a high amount of nitrates.
2.5.4
GHS label
appropriate group of written, printed, or graphic information elements concerning a hazardous product,
selected as relevant to the target sector(s), which is affixed to, printed on, or attached to the immediate
container of a hazardous product, or to the outside packaging of a hazardous product
Note 1 to entry: GHS means the “Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals”.
2.5.5
seedling emergence and growth
index which assesses the potential effect of fertilizer on seedling emergence and growth compared with
control group.
Note 1 to entry: It may be used for evaluating the harmful effects of fertilizers.
2.5.6
vegetative vigour
index which assesses the effect of fertilizer on plant growth compared to a control group
Note 1 to entry: It may be used for evaluating the various effects of fertilizers.
2.5.7
self-sustaining decomposition
oxidation process of a fertilizer which, after ignition sustains this oxidation without the availability of
external oxygen
Note 1 to entry: The oxygen is generally present in the form of nitrates.
2.6 Terms relating to sampling
2.6.1
sampling unit
defined quantity of material having a boundary which may be physical (e.g. a container) or hypothetical
(e.g. particular time or time interval in the case of a flow of material)
Note 1 to entry: A number of sampling units may be gathered together, for example, in a package or box.
2.6.2
partial sample
partial increment
quantity of material taken at a point from a sampling unit
2.6.3
increment
representative quantity of material taken from a sampling unit
Note 1 to entry: This may be constituted from a number of partial samples.
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2.6.4
aggregate sample
combination of all increments from the lot
Note 1 to entry: The increments may be grouped together in equal numbers in order to form several samples
which can be reduced and analysed separately for the purpose of statistical interpretation.
2.6.5
reduced sample
representative part of the aggregate sample obtained by a process of reduction in such a manner that
the mass approximates to that of the final (laboratory) samples
2.6.6
final sample
representative part of the reduced sample or, where no intermediated reduction is required, of the
aggregate sample
Note 1 to entry: Often, more than one final sample will be prepared, at the same time, from the reduced sample
(or from the aggregate sample); one or more of these final samples will be used as a laboratory sample or as
laboratory samples, while others may be stored for reference purposes.
2.6.7
laboratory sample
final sample intended for laboratory inspection or testing
2.6.8
test sample
sample prepared from the laboratory sample and from which test portions will be taken
2.6.9
test portion
quantity of material taken from the test sample (or, if both are the same, from the laboratory sample)
and on which the test or observation is actually carried out
2.6.10
producer’s risk
risk of error from rejecting a lot with a mean value which is satisfactory but which the analysis of the
sample has accidentally been made to appear too low (e.g. a lot for which the sample has by chance been
constituted from the worst elements of the lot)
2.6.11
consumer’s risk
risk of error from accepting a lot of insufficient quality which the analysis of the sample has accidentally
been made to appear too high (e.g. a lot for which the sample has by chance been constituted from the
best elements of the lot)
2.6.12
batch
definite quantity
...