ISO/IEC 23092-5:2020/Amd 1:2026

International
Standard
ISO/IEC 23092-5
First edition
Information technology — Genomic
2020-11
information representation —
AMENDMENT 1
Part 5:
2026-02
Conformance
AMENDMENT 1: Version 2 and Part 6
support
Technologie de l'information — Représentation des informations
génomiques —
Partie 5: Conformité
AMENDEMENT 1: Version 2 et support Partie 6
Reference number
ISO/IEC 23092-5:2020/Amd. 1:2026(en) © ISO/IEC 2026

ISO/IEC 23092-5:2020/Amd. 1:2026(en)
© ISO/IEC 2026
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© ISO/IEC 2026 – All rights reserved
ii
ISO/IEC 23092-5:2020/Amd. 1:2026(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity.
ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/
IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives or www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs).
ISO and IEC draw attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the
use of (a) patent(s). ISO and IEC take no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any
claimed patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO and IEC had not
received notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers
are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents and https://patents.iec.ch. ISO and IEC shall not be held
responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
In the IEC, see www.iec.ch/understanding-standards.
This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 29, Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information.
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 23092 series can be found on the ISO and IEC websites.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards
body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html and
www.iec.ch/national-committees.

© ISO/IEC 2026 – All rights reserved
iii
ISO/IEC 23092-5:2020/Amd. 1:2026(en)
Information technology — Genomic information
representation —
Part 5:
Conformance
AMENDMENT 1: Version 2 and Part 6 support

Clauses 7, 8, 9
Add the following new clauses after the existing Clause 6:

7  ISO/IEC 23092-6 conformance
7.1   Definition of ISO/IEC 23092-6 conformance
7.1.1  Assumptions
In this document, the following assumptions are made in reference to ISO/IEC 23092-6:
The term ‘bitstream’ means ISO/IEC 23092-6 bitstream.
The term ‘decoder’ means ISO/IEC 23092-6 decoder, i.e. an implementation of the decoding process specified
by ISO/IEC 23092-6. The output of a decoder is specified in ISO/IEC 23092-6:2023, Clause 10.
If any statement made in this clause accidentally contradicts a statement or requirement in ISO/IEC 23092-6,
the text of ISO/IEC 23092-6 prevails.
The following subclauses specify the tests to verify conformity of bitstreams and decoders. Those tests
make use of test data (bitstream test items and reference outputs) made available as specified in Clause 6
and of the reference software specified in ISO/IEC 23092-4, with source code available as described in
ISO/IEC 23092-4.
7.1.2   Definition of ISO/IEC 23092-6 bitstream conformity
An ISO/IEC 23092-6 bitstream is a bitstream that conforms to the specification defined by ISO/IEC 23092-6.
A conformant bitstream shall meet all the requirements and implement all the restrictions in the syntax
defined by ISO/IEC 23092-6.
Subclause 6.3 defines the test that a bitstream shall pass successfully in order to be claimed in conformity
with this document.
7.1.3   Definition of ISO/IEC 23092-6 decoder conformity
An ISO/IEC 23092-6 decoder is an implementation of the process defined by the requirements of
ISO/IEC 23092-6.
© ISO/IEC 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC 23092-5:2020/Amd. 1:2026(en)
A conformant decoder shall meet all the requirements and implement all the restrictions in the syntax
defined by ISO/IEC 23092-6.
Subclause 6.4 defines the test procedure and the tests that a decoder shall pass successfully in order to be
claimed in conformity with ISO/IEC 23092-6.
A conformant decoder shall implement a decoding process that is equivalent to the one specified in
ISO/IEC 23092-2 and meets all the general requirements defined in ISO/IEC 23092-6.
A decoder that fails one or a part of the tests defined by subclause 6.4 shall not claim conformity to
ISO/IEC 23092-6.
In the following subclauses the term ‘reference decoder’ means the reference software decoder
(ISO/IEC 23092-4), which is the decoder that implements the above-mentioned decoding process.
Fundamental requirement areas for decoders and their mapping to functionality under test are listed in
Table 4.
7.2  Requirements and functionality under test
Table 9 — Requirement areas for ISO/IEC 23092-6
Requirement area Functionality
Parameter set Decoder configuration
Coding of genomic variant data Entropy decoding of descriptor streams
Coding of contact matrix data Entropy decoding of descriptor streams
Coding of gene expression data Entropy decoding of descriptor streams
Coding of functional annotation data Entropy decoding of descriptor streams
Coding of track data Entropy decoding of descriptor streams

7.3   Procedure to test bitstream conformity
The ISO/IEC 23092 series reference software (ISO/IEC 23092-4) contains the source code of a software
decoder that checks that a bitstream implements properly the specification defined in ISO/IEC 23092-6.
A bitstream that claims conformity with ISO/IEC 23092-6 shall pass the following test:
When processed by the reference software, the bitstream shall not cause errors or non-conformity messages.
This test shall be run only on bitstreams that are known to be free of errors introduced by transmission.
To verify the correctness of a bitstream, it is necessary to parse the entire bitstream and to decode all the
syntactic elements and values derived from those syntactic elements used by the decoding process specified
in ISO/IEC 23092-6. This verification does not necessarily perform all stages of the decoding process in
ISO/IEC 23092-6 (e.g. generation of MPEG-G records as specified in 23092-6, Clause 10).

7.4  Procedure to test decoder conformity
This document contains standard test bitstreams in digital form; it also contains the standard reference
output of each test bitstream as generated by the reference software (ISO/IEC 23092-4).
A decoder that claims conformity with ISO/IEC 23092-6 shall pass the following tests:
When processed by the decoder under test, each standard test bitstream contained in this document and
associated toISO/IEC23092-6shall generate an output byte-per-byte identical to the corresponding reference
output.
© ISO/IEC 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC 23092-5:2020/Amd. 1:2026(en)
To verify the conformity of the decoder, it is necessary to decode all the standard test items associated
to ISO/IEC 23092-6 and to check the identity of all the resulting records or raw references. It may not be
possible to perform this type of test with a production decoder; in that case, the conformity shall be assessed
by the implementer during the design and development phase.
This document provides, in electronic form, a shell script, running on Linux OS or compatible terminals,
to automate the whole test and verification process for the decoder conformity of the reference decoder
(ISO/IEC 23092-4).
7.5  Test items for ISO/IEC 23092-6 conformance
For convenience, given the wide functionality, test items associated to ISO/IEC 23092-6 are subdivided in
five sets.
7.5.1  Set I: Genomic variant data
7.5.1.1  Test descriptions
ISO/IEC 23092 supports the compression of genome variant data.
Table 10 describes the test items for Set I of ISO/IEC 23092-6 conformance.
Table 10 — Test items for genomic variant data
Test Item Description ISO/IEC 23092-6 content Functionality under test
coverage
GVD-001 Record contains only one Subclause 6.3.4.2 Check max_ploidy
alternative allele.
Subclause 6.4.4.3.2 Check encode_phases_data_
flag
GVD-002 Record contains multiple Subclause 6.3.4.2 Check max_ploidy
alternative alleles.
Subclause 6.4.4.3.2 Check phases payload
Check encode_phases_data_
flag
GVD-003 Record contains invalid Subclause 6.3.4.2 Check not_available_flag
‘.’ values
Subclause 6.4.4.3.2
GVD-004 Record contains constant Subclause 6.3.4.2 Check max_ploidy
ploidy
Subclause 6.4.4.3.2
GVD-005 Record contains different Subclause 6.3.4.2 Check max_ploidy
ploidy
Subclause 6.4.4.3.2 Check not_available_flag
GVD-006 Record contains a single Subclause 6.3.4.2 Check encode_phases_data_
type of phasing flag
Subclause 6.4.4.3.2
Check phases_value
GVD-007 Record contains different Subclause 6.3.4.2 Check encode_phases_data_
types of phasing flag
Subclause 6.4.4.3.2
Check phases payload
GVD-008 Genotype data com- Subclause 6.3.4.2 Check sort_variants_rows_
pressed without sorting flag[i]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.2
Check sort_variants_cols_
flag[i]
GVD-009 Genotype data com- Subclause 6.3.4.2 Check sort_variants_rows_
pressed with sort trans- flag[i]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.2
formation
Check sort_variants_cols_
flag[i]
© ISO/IEC 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC 23092-5:2020/Amd. 1:2026(en)
TTaabbllee  1100  ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Test Item Description ISO/IEC 23092-6 content Functionality under test
coverage
GVD-010 Genotype data com- Subclause 6.3.4.2 Check binarization_ID
pressed and transformed
Subclause 6.4.4.3.2
using row-binary trans-
formation
GVD-011 Genotype data com- Subclause 6.3.4.2 Check binarization_ID
pressed and transformed
Subclause 6.4.4.3.2 Check num_bit_plan
using bit-plane transfor-
Check concat_axis
mation
GVD-012 Genotype data com- Subclause 6.3.4.2 Check variants_codec_ID[i]
pressed using JBIG.
Subclause 6.4.4.3.2
GVD-013 Genotype data com- Subclause 6.3.4.2 Check variants_codec_ID[i]
pressed with other
Subclause 6.4.4.3.2
codecs.
GVD-014 Records that contains Subclause 6.3.6 Check num_array_dims
one optional attribute
Check attribute_array_dims[i]
GVD-015 Records that contains Subclause 6.3.6 Check num_array_dims
multiple optional attrib-
Check attribute_array_dims[i]
ute
7.5.1.2  Execution of tests
This subclause describes the procedure to implement in order to execute tests on test items specified in
Table 10.
Input:  GVD-*.mgb (ISO/IEC 23092 byte stream).
Steps:  Open the file; parse and decode all the data units contained in the test item in the same order as given
in the file. Dump the content decoded in MPEG-G records to file.
Expected output:  The sequence of MPEG-G records as decoded from the test item.
Criteria:  The MPEG-G records, obtained as output, shall be byte-by-byte identical to the reference output
provided for Test Item GVD-*.
7.5.2  Set II: Contact matrix data
7.5.2.1  Test descriptions
ISO/IEC 23092 supports the compression of contact matrix data. The compressed representation of the
contact matrix may contain one or more samples, one or more chromosomes, one or more intervals, with or
without normalization. The contact matrix data might be transformed using diagonal transformation and/
or row binarization.
Table 11 describes the test items for Set II of ISO/IEC 23092-6 conformance.

© ISO/IEC 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC 23092-5:2020/Amd. 1:2026(en)
Table 11 — Test items for contact matrix data
Test Item Description ISO/IEC 23092-6 content Functionality under test
coverage
CMD-001 Data contains only one Subclause 6.3.4.4 Check sample_ID[i]
sample on the same chro-
Check sample_name[i]
mosome
Check chr_ID[i]
Check chr_name[i]
Check chr_length[i]
CMD-002 Data contains only one Subclause 6.3.4.4 Check sample_ID[i]
sample on different chro-
Check sample_name[i]
mosomes
Check chr_ID[i]
Check chr_name[i]
Check chr_length[i]
CMD-003 Data contains multiple Subclause 6.3.4.4 Check sample_ID[i]
samples on the same
Check sample_name[i]
chromosome
Check chr_ID[i]
Check chr_name[i]
Check chr_length[i]
CMD-004 Data contains multiple Subclause 6.3.4.4 Check sample_ID[i]
samples on different
Check sample_name[i]
chromosomes
Check chr_ID[i]
Check chr_name[i]
Check chr_length[i]
CMD-005 Data contains multiple Subclause 6.3.4.4 Check sample_ID[i]
samples on multiple
Check sample_name[i]
intervals
Check num_interval_multipli-
ers
Check interval_multiplers[i]
CMD-006 Data does not contain Subclause 6.3.4.4 Check mask payload
any empty region
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.2
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.3
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.4
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.5
CMD-007 Data contains pre-com- Subclause 6.3.4.4 Check num_norm_matrices
puted normalized matrix
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.2 Check norm_matrix_ID[i]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.3 Check norm_matrix_name[i]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.4 Check norm matrix payload
CMD-008 Data contains on-the-fly Subclause 6.3.4.4 Check num_norm_methods
normalisation
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.2 Check norm_method_ID[i]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.3 Check CM bin payload
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.4 Check norm_method_name[i]
Check norm_method_mult_
flag[i]
CMD-009 Contact matrix trans- Subclause 6.3.4.4 Check diag_transform_flag[i]
formed using diagonal [j]
Subclause 6.3.4.5
transformation and row
Check diag_transform_mode[i]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.2
binarization.
[j]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.3
Check binarization_flag[i][j]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.4
© ISO/IEC 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC 23092-5:2020/Amd. 1:2026(en)
TTaabbllee  1111  ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Test Item Description ISO/IEC 23092-6 content Functionality under test
coverage
CMD-010 Contact matrix trans- Subclause 6.3.4.4 Check diag_transform_flag[i]
formed using row binari- [j]
Subclause 6.3.4.5
zation only.
Check diag_transform_mode[i]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.2
[j]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.3
Check binarization_flag[i][j]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.4
CMD-011 Contact matrix that is Subclause 6.3.4.4 Check diag_transform_flag[i]
transformed using only [j]
Subclause 6.3.4.5
the diagonal transforma-
Check diag_transform_mode[i]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.2
tion.
[j]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.3
Check binarization_flag[i][j]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.4
CMD-012 Contact matrix without Subclause 6.3.4.4 Check diag_transform_flag[i]
transformation. [j]
Subclause 6.3.4.5
Check diag_transform_mode[i]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.2
[j]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.3
Check binarization_flag[i][j]
Subclause 6.4.4.3.4.4
7.5.2.2  Execution of tests
This subclause describes the procedure to implement in order to execute tests on test items specified in
Table 11.
Input:  CMD-*.mgb (ISO/IEC 23092 byte stream.
Steps:  Open the file; parse and decode all the data units contained in the test item in the same order as given
in the file. Dump the content decoded in MPEG-G records to file.
Expected output:  The sequence of MPEG-G records as decoded from the test item.
Criteria:  The MPEG-G records, obtained as output, shall be byte-by-byte identical to the reference output
provided for Test Item CMD-*.
7.5.3  Set III: Gene expression data
7.5.3.1  Test descriptions
ISO/IEC 23092 supports the compression of gene expression data.
Table 12 describes the test items for Set III of ISO/IEC 23092-6 conformance.
Table 12 — Test items for gene expression data
Test Item Description ISO/IEC 23092-6 Functionality under test
content coverage
GED-001 List of values with floating Subclause 6.3.6 Check expr_attr_value[][][] in
and integer values subclause 9.2.4
Subclause 9.2.4
Subclause 9.5.2
GED-002 List of values with all kinds Subclause 6.3.6 Check expr_attr_value[][][] in
of missing elements rep- subclause 9.2.4
Subclause 9.2.4
resentation
Subclause 9.5.2
© ISO/IEC 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC 23092-5:2020/Amd. 1:2026(en)
7.5.3.2  Execution of tests
This subclause describes the procedure to implement in order to execute tests on test items specified in
Table 12.
Input:  GED-*.mgb (ISO/IEC 23092 byte stream.
Steps:  Open the file; parse and decode all the data units contained in the test item in the same order as given
in the file. Dump the content decoded in MPEG-G records to file.
Expected output:  The sequence of MPEG-G records as decoded from the test item.
Criteria:  The MPEG-G records, obtained as output, shall be byte-by-byte identical to the reference output
provided for Test Item GED-*.
7.5.4  Set IV: Functional annotation data
7.5.4.1  Test descriptions
ISO/IEC 23092 supports the compression of functional annotation.
Table 13 describes the test items for Set IV of ISO/IEC 23092-6 conformance.
Table 13 — Test items for functional annotation data
Test Item Description ISO/IEC 23092-6 Functionality under test
content coverage
FAD-001 Records with single se- Subclause 6.3.6 Check sequenceID in sub-
quence name clause 9.2.3
Subclause 9.2.3
Subclause 9.3.4
Subclause 9.5.2
FAD-002 Records with different Subclause 6.3.6 Check sequenceID in sub-
sequence name clause 9.2.3
Subclause 9.2.3
Subclause 9.3.4
Subclause 9.5.2
FAD-003 Records without attrib- Subclause 6.3.6 Check attr_count in sub-
ute column clause 9.2.3
Subclause 9.2.3
Subclause 9.3.4
Subclause 9.5.2
FAD-004 Record with missing Subclause 6.3.6 Check attr_value[] in sub-
score clause 9.2.3
Subclause 9.2.3
Subclause 9.3.4
Subclause 9.5.2
7.5.4.2  Execution of tests
This subclause describes the procedure to implement in order to execute tests on test items specified in
Table 13.
Input:  FAD-*.mgb (ISO/IEC 23092 byte stream).
Steps:  Open the file; parse and decode all the data units contained in the test item in the same order as given
in the file. Dump the content decoded in MPEG-G records to file.
Expected output:  The sequence of MPEG-G records as decoded from the test item.

© ISO/IEC 2026 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC 23092-5:2020/Amd. 1:2026(en)
Criteria:  The MPEG-G records, obtained as output, shall be byte-by-byte identical to the reference output
provided for Test Item FAD-*.
7.5.5  Set V: Track data
7.5.5.1  Test descriptions
ISO/IEC 23092 supports the compression of track data.
Table 14 describes the test items for Set V of ISO/IEC 23092-6 conformance.
Table 14 — Test items for track data
Test Item Description ISO/IEC 23092-6 Functionality under test
content coverage
TD-001 A simple BED file without Subclause 6.3.6 Check attr_value[] in sub-
track lines clause 9.2.6
Subclause 9.2.6
Subclause 9.5.2
TD-002 A BED file containing Subclause 6.3.6 Check the linkage between
multiple track lines in-be- track data and track property
Subclause 9.2.6
tween the rows records through the “track
Subclause 9.5.2
index” attribute in sub-
Subclause 10.6
clause 10.6
7.5.5.2  Executi
...