ISO 13006:1998
(Main)Ceramic tiles — Definitions, classification, characteristics and marking
Ceramic tiles — Definitions, classification, characteristics and marking
Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Définitions, classification, caractéristiques et marquage
Keramične ploščice - Definicije, razvrstitev, lastnosti in označevanje
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13006
First edition
1998-12-01
Ceramic tiles — Definitions, classification,
characteristics and marking
Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Définitions, classification, caractéristiques
et marquage
A Reference number
ISO 13006:1998(E)
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ISO 13006:1998(E)
Contents
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Definitions .2
4 Classification.4
4.1 Basis of classification .4
4.2 Methods of manufacture .4
4.3 Water absorption (E) groups .4
5 Characteristics.4
6 Sampling and basis for acceptance.4
7 Requirements.4
8 Marking and specifications.5
8.1 Marking .5
8.2 Product literature.5
8.3 Specifications.5
9 Ordering.5
Annex A (normative) Extruded ceramic tiles E ¶¶ 3 % Group AI .9
Annex B (normative) Extruded ceramic tiles 3 % ,, E ¶¶ 6 % Group AII — Part 1 .13
a
Annex C (normative) Extruded ceramic tiles 3 % ,, E ¶¶ 6 % Group AII — Part 2 .17
a
Annex D (normative) Extruded ceramic tiles 6 % ,, E ¶¶ 10 % Group AII — Part 1.21
b
(normative) ,, E ¶¶ II
Annex E Extruded ceramic tiles 6 % 10 % Group A — Part 2 .25
b
Annex F (normative) Extruded ceramic tiles E . 10 % Group AIII.29
Annex G (normative) Dry-pressed ceramic tiles with low water absorption E ¶¶ 0,5 % Group BI .33
a
Annex H (normative) Dry-pressed ceramic tiles with low water absorption 0,5 % ,, E ¶¶ 3 % Group BI .37
b
© ISO 1998
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Switzerland
Internet iso@iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland
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©
ISO ISO 13006:1998(E)
Annex J (normative) Dry-pressed ceramic tiles 3 % ,, E ¶¶ 6 % Group BII . 41
a
Annex K (normative) Dry-pressed ceramic tiles 6 % ,, E ¶¶ 10 % Group BII . 45
b
Annex L (normative) Dry-pressed ceramic tiles E . 10 % Group BIII . 49
Annex M (informative) Symbols for intended use. 53
Annex N (informative) Classification of glazed tiles for floors according to their abrasion resistance. 54
Annex P (informative) Test methods. 55
Bibliography. 56
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ISO 13006:1998(E) ISO
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO 13006 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 189, Ceramic tile.
Annexes A to L form an integral part of this International Standard. Annexes M to P and the Bibliography are for
information only.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO ISO 13006:1998(E)
Ceramic tiles — Definitions, classification, characteristics
and marking
1 Scope
This International Standard defines terms and establishes classifications, characteristics and marking requirements
for ceramic tiles of the best commercial quality (first quality).
NOTE ISO 10545 describes the test procedures required to determine the product characteristics listed in ISO 13006.
ISO 10545 is divided into parts each describing a specific test procedure or related matter.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this
International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to
revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 1006:1983, Building construction — Modular coordination — Basic module.
ISO 10545-1:1995, Ceramic tiles — Part 1: Sampling and basis for acceptance.
ISO 10545-2:1995, Ceramic tiles — Part 2: Determination of dimensions and surface quality.
ISO 10545-3:1995, Ceramic tiles — Part 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative
density and bulk density.
ISO 10545-4:1994, Ceramic tiles — Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength.
ISO 10545-5:1996, Ceramic tiles — Part 5: Determination of impact resistance by measurement of coefficient of
restitution.
ISO 10545-6:1995, Ceramic tiles — Part 6: Determination of resistance to deep abrasion for unglazed tiles.
ISO 10545-7:1996, Ceramic tiles — Part 7: Determination of resistance to surface abrasion for glazed tiles.
ISO 10545-8:1994, Ceramic tiles — Part 8: Determination of linear thermal expansion.
ISO 10545-9:1994, Ceramic tiles — Part 9: Determination of resistance to thermal shock.
ISO 10545-10:1995, Ceramic tiles — Part 10: Determination of moisture expansion.
ISO 10545-11:1994, Ceramic tiles — Part 11: Determination of crazing resistance for glazed tiles.
ISO 10545-12:1995,
Ceramic tiles — Part 12: Determination of frost resistance.
ISO 10545-13:1995, Ceramic tiles — Part 13: Determination of chemical resistance.
ISO 10545-14:1995, Ceramic tiles — Part 14: Determination of resistance to stains.
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ISO
ISO 13006:1998(E)
ISO 10545-15:1995, Ceramic tiles — Part 15: Determination of lead and cadmium given off by glazed tiles.
1)
ISO 10545-16:— , Ceramic tiles — Part 16: Determination of small colour differences.
1)
ISO 10545-17:— , Ceramic tiles — Part 17: Determination of coefficient of friction.
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 1006 and the following apply.
3.1
ceramic tiles
thin slabs made from clays and/or other inorganic raw materials, generally used as coverings for floors and walls,
usually shaped by extruding (A) or pressing (B) at room temperature but may be formed by other processes (C),
then dried and subsequently fired at temperatures sufficient to develop the required properties; tiles can be glazed
(GL) or unglazed (UGL) and are incombustible and unaffected by light
3.2
glaze
vitrified covering which is impermeable
3.3
engobed surface
clay-based covering with a matt finish which can be permeable or impermeable
NOTE A tile with an engobed surface is regarded as an unglazed tile.
3.4
polished surface
surface of an unglazed tile which has been given a glossy finish by mechanical polishing as the last stage of
manufacture
3.5
extruded tiles
[designated as A]
tiles whose body is shaped in the plastic state in an extruder, the column obtained being cut into tiles of pre-
determined dimension
NOTE 1 This International Standard classifies extruded tiles as “precision” or “natural”. The classification is dependent upon
the different technical characteristics as listed in the individual product standards.
NOTE 2 Traditional terms used for extruded products are “split tiles” and “quarry tiles”. They commonly indicate
double-extruded and single-extruded tiles respectively. The term “quarry tiles” only refers to extruded tiles with a water
absorption not exceeding 6 %.
3.6
dry-pressed tiles
[designated as B]
tiles formed from a finely milled body mixture and shaped in moulds at high pressure
3.7
tiles made by other processes
[designated as C]
tiles made by other than the normal commercial processes, i.e. extruded or dry-pressed
NOTE These tiles are not covered in this International Standard.
1) To be published.
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ISO 13006:1998(E)
3.8
spacer lugs
projections which are located along certain edges of tiles so that when two tiles are placed together, in line, the lugs
on adjacent edges separate the tiles by a distance not less than the specified width of the joint
See figure 2.
NOTE 1 Lugs are positioned so that the joint between the tiles may be filled with grout without the lugs remaining exposed.
NOTE 2 Dry-pressed tiles may be made with other spacer lug systems and, in such cases, the manufacturer's work size
applies.
3.9
water absorption
[symbol E]
percentage of water by mass, measured in accordance with ISO 10454-3
3.10 Description of sizes
See figures 1 and 2.
NOTE These are only defined for rectangular tiles. If the sizes of non-rectangular tiles are required, they are defined by the
smallest rectangle into which they will fit.
3.10.1
nominal size
size used to describe the product
3.10.2
work size
[symbol W]
size of a tile specified for manufacturing to which the actual size has to conform within specified permissible
deviations
NOTE This is specified by the dimensions length, width and thickness.
3.10.3
actual size
size obtained by measuring the face of the tile in accordance with ISO 10545-2
3.10.4
coordinating size
[symbol C]
work size plus the joint width
3.10.5
modular size
tiles and sizes based on module M, 2 M, 3 M and 5 M and also their multiples or subdivisions, except for tiles with a
2
surface area of less than 9 000 mm
NOTE See ISO 1006 where 1 M = 100 mm.
3.10.6
non-modular sizes
sizes not based on module M
NOTE 1 See ISO 1006 where 1 M = 100 mm.
NOTE 2 Tiles of these sizes are those commonly used in most countries.
3.10.7
tolerance
difference between the permissible limits of size
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ISO 13006:1998(E)
4 Classification
4.1 Basis of classification
Ceramic tiles are divided into groups according to their method of manufacture and their water absorption (see 3.9
and table 1). The groups do not presuppose the usage of the products.
4.2 Methods of manufacture
There are three methods of manufacture as follows:
method A, extruded tiles (see 3.5);
method B, dry-pressed tiles (see 3.6);
method C, tiles made by other processes (see 3.7).
4.3 Water absorption (E) groups
There are three water absorption groups as follows.
a) Tiles of low water absorption (Group I), E ¶¶ 3 %
Group I is further divided as follows for dry-pressed tiles:
1) E ¶ 0,5 % (Group BI );
a
2) 0,5 % , E ¶ 3 % (Group BI ).
b
b) Tiles of medium water absorption (Group II), 3 % ,, E ¶ 10 %
Group II is further divided as follows for extruded tiles:
1) 3 % , E ¶ 6 % (Group AII , Parts 1 and 2);
a
2) 6 % , E ¶ 10 % (Group AII , Parts 1 and 2).
b
c) Tiles of high water absorption (Group III), E . 10 %
5 Characteristics
Characteristics for different applications of ceramic tiles are given in table 2.
6 Sampling and basis for acceptance
The sampling and basis for acceptance shall be in accordance with that presented in ISO 10545-1.
7 Requirements
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties shall be as given in the specific
annex (annexes A through L) for each tile class (see contents).
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ISO 13006:1998(E)
8 Marking and specifications
8.1 Marking
Tiles and/or their packaging shall bear the following marking:
a) manufacturer's mark and/or trademark and the country of origin;
b) mark to indicate first quality;
c) type of tile and reference to the appropriate annex in this International Standard;
d) nominal and work sizes, modular (M) or non-modular;
e) nature of the surface, i.e. glazed (GL) or unglazed (UGL).
8.2 Product literature
Product literature for tiles intended for use on floors shall state:
a) the results obtained in accordance with ISO 10545-17;
b) the abrasion class for glazed tiles.
NOTE See also annex M for informative symbols.
8.3 Specifications
Tiles shall be specified by designating the following:
a) the method of shaping;
b) the annex in this International Standard covering the specific class of tile;
c) nominal and work sizes, modular (M) and non-modular;
d) the nature of the surface, i.e. glazed (GL) or unglazed (UGL).
EXAMPLES
Precision extruded tile, ISO 13006:1998, annex A
AI M25 cm · 12,5 cm (W 240 mm · 115 mm · 10 mm) GL
Natural extruded tile, ISO 13006:1998, annex A
AI 15 cm · 15 cm (W 150 mm · 150 mm · 12,5 mm) UGL
9 Ordering
When an order is placed, items such as size, thickness, type of surface, colour, profile, abrasion class for glazed
tiles and other properties shall be agreed by the parties concerned.
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ISO 13006:1998(E)
Table 1 — Classification of ceramic tiles with respect to water absorption and shaping
Group I Group II Group II Group III
a b
Shaping
E ¶¶ 3 % 3 % ¶¶ E ,, 6 % 6 % ¶¶ E ,, 10 % E . 10 %
1) 1)
Group AII Group AII
a–1 b–1
(see annex B) (see annex D)
A Group AI Group AIII
Extruded (see annex A) (see annex F)
1) 1)
Group AII Group AII
a–2 b–2
(see annex C) (see annex E)
Group BI
a
E ¶ 0,5 %
2)
(see annex G)
B Group BII Group BII Group BIII
a b
Dry pressed (see annex J) (see annex K) (see annex L)
Group BI
b
0,5 % , E ¶ 3 %
(see annex H)
C
3) 3) 3) 3)
Group C Group C Group C Group C
Tiles made by other I II II III
a b
processes
1) Groups AII and AII are divided into two parts (Parts 1 and 2) with different product specifications.
a b
2) Group BIII covers glazed tiles only. There is a low quantity of dry-pressed unglazed tiles produced with water absorption
greater than 10 % that is not covered by this product group.
3) These tiles are not covered in this International Standard.
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ISO 13006:1998(E)
Table 2 — Characteristics required for different applications
Characteristics Floors Walls Test
Dimensions and surface quality Interior Exterior Interior Exterior Reference
Length and width X X X X ISO 10545-2
Thickness X X X X ISO 10545-2
Straightness of sides X X X X ISO 10545-2
Rectangularity X X X X ISO 10545-2
Surface flatness (curvature and warpage) X X X X ISO 10545-2
Surface quality X X X X ISO 10545-2
Physical properties Interior Exterior Interior Exterior Reference
Water absorption X X X X ISO 10545-3
Breaking strength X X X X ISO 10545-4
Modulus of rupture X X X X ISO 10545-4
Resistance to deep abrasion – unglazed tiles X X ISO 10545-6
Resistance to surface abrasion – glazed tiles X X ISO 10545-7
1)
X X X X ISO 10545-8
Linear thermal expansion
1)
X X X X ISO 10545-9
Resistance to thermal shock
Resistance to crazing – glazed tiles X X X X ISO 10545-11
2)
X X ISO 10545-12
Frost resistance
Coefficient of friction X X ISO 10545-17
1)
X X X X ISO 10545-10
Moisture expansion
1)
X X X X ISO 10545-16
Small colour differences
1)
X X ISO 10545-5
Impact resistance
Chemical properties Interior Exterior Interior Exterior Reference
Resistance to staining ISO 10545-14
— glazed tiles X X X X ISO 10545-14
1)
X X X X ISO 10545-14
— unglazed tiles
Resistance to low concentrations of acids and
X X X X ISO 10545-13
alkalis.
Resistance to high concentrations of acids and
X X X X ISO 10545-13
1)
alkalis.
Resistance to household cleaners and swimming
X X X X ISO 10545-13
pool salts.
1)
X X X X ISO 10545-15
Lead and cadmium release – glazed tiles
1) Test method available.
2) For tiles intended to be used in situations where frost conditions apply.
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Work size ( ) 1 Joint ( )
W J
Coordinating size (C) 5
Work size (W ) 5 Dimension of the visible face (a), (b) and thickness (d)
Figure 1 — Tile
Key
1 Spacer lugs
Coordinating size (C) 5 Work size (W) 1 Joint (J)
Work size (W ) 5 Dimension of the visible face (a), (b) and thickness (d)
Figure 2 — Tile with spacer lug
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ISO 13006:1998(E)
Annex A
(normative)
Extruded ceramic tiles
E ¶ 3 %
Group AI
A.1 Requirements
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties shall be in accordance with
table A.1.
Table A.1 — Requirements for extruded ceramic tiles, Group AI, E ¶ 3 %
Dimensions and surface quality Precision Natural Test
Length and width
The manufacturer shall choose the work
size as follows:
a) for modular tiles in order to allow a
nominal joint width of between 3 mm
1)
and 11 mm ;
b) for non-modular tiles so that the
difference between the work size and
the nominal size is not more than
± 3 mm.
The deviation, in percent, of the average
± 1,0 % to a ± 2,0 % to a ISO 10545-2
size for each tile (2 or 4 sides) from the
maximum of ± 2 mm maximum of ± 4 mm
work size (W).
The deviation, in percent, of the average
size for each tile (2 or 4 sides) from the
± 1,0 % ± 1,5 % ISO 10545-2
average size of the 10 test specimens (20
or 40 sides).
Thickness
a) The thickness shall be specified by the
manufacturer.
b) The deviation, in percent, of the
ISO 10545-2
± 10 % ± 10 %
average thickness of each tile from the
work size thickness.
2)
Straightness of sides (facial sides)
The maximum deviation from straightness,
ISO 10545-2
± 0,5 % ± 0,6 %
in percent, related to the corresponding
work sizes.
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Table A.1 (continued)
Dimensions and surface quality Precision Natural Test
2)
Rectangularity
The maximum deviation from rectangu-
± 1,0 % ± 1,0 % ISO 10545-2
larity, in percent, related to the corre-
sponding work sizes.
Surface flatness
The maximum deviation from flatness, in
percent:
a) centre curvature, related to diagonal
ISO 10545-2
± 0,5 % ± 1,5 %
calculated from the work sizes;
b) edge curvature, related to the corres-
ISO 10545-2
± 0,5 % ± 1,5 %
ponding work sizes;
c) warpage, related to diagonal calcu-
± 0,8 % ± 1,5 % ISO 10545-2
lated from the work sizes.
A minimum of 95 % of the tiles shall be free
3)
ISO 10545-2
Surface quality
from visible defects that would impair the
appearance of a major area of tiles
Physical properties Precision Natural Test
¶ 3,0 % ¶ 3,0 %
Water absorption
ISO 10545-3
Individual maximum Individual maximum
8)
Percent by mass
3,3 % 3,3 %
Breaking strength, in N
a) Thickness Ä 7,5 mm Not less than 1 100 Not less than 1 100 ISO 10545-4
b) Thickness , 7,5 mm Not less than 600 Not less than 600 ISO 10545-4
2
Modulus of rupture, in N/mm
Minimum 23 Minimum 23
ISO 10545-4
Not applicable to tiles with breaking
Individual minimum 18 Individual minimum 18
strength Ä 3 000 N.
Abrasion resistance
a) Resistance to deep abrasion of un-
Maximum 275 Maximum 275 ISO 10545-6
glazed tiles: removed volume, in cubic
millimetres.
b) Resistance to surface abrasion of
Report abrasion class Report abrasion class ISO 10545-7
glazed tiles intended for use on
and cycles passed and cycles passed
4)
floors .
Coefficient of linear thermal
5)
expansion
From ambient temperature to 100 °C. Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-8
5)
Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-9
Thermal shock resistance
6)
Required Required ISO 10545-11
Crazing resistance: glazed tiles
Frost resistance Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-12
Coefficient of friction
Manufacturer to state Manufacturer to state
Tiles intended for use on floors. value and test method value and test method ISO 10545-17
used used
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Table A.1 (concluded)
Physical properties Precision Natural Test
5)
Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-10
Moisture expansion, in mm/m
5)
Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-16
Small colour differences
5)
Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-5
Impact resistance
Chemical properties Precision Natural Test
Resistance to staining
a) Glazed tiles Minimum Class 3 Minimum Class 3 ISO 10545-14
5)
Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-14
b) Unglazed tiles
Resistance to chemicals
Resistance to low concentrations of acids
and alkalis
a) glazed tiles; Manufacturer to state Manufacturer to state ISO 10545-13
classification classification
7)
b) unglazed tiles .
Resistance to high concentrations of acids
Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-13
5)
and alkalis .
Resistance to household chemicals and
swimming pool salts
a) glazed tiles; Minimum GB Minimum GB ISO 10545-13
7)
Minimum UB Minimum UB
b) unglazed tiles .
5)
Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-15
Lead and cadmium release
1) Similar joint widths may be used to apply to traditional systems based on non-metric sizes.
2) Not applicable for tiles having curved shapes.
3) Because of firing, slight variations from the standard colour are unavoidable. This does not apply to intentional
irregularities of colour variation of the face of tiles (which can be unglazed, glazed or partly glazed) or to the colour
variation over a tile area which is characteristic for this type of tile and desirable. Spots or coloured dots which are
introduced for decorative purposes are not considered a defect.
4) Reference may be made to annex N of this International Standard for the abrasion resistance classification for all glazed
tiles intended for use on floors.
5) Reference may be made to annex P of this International Standard for information regarding requirements which are non-
compulsory but which are listed "test method available".
6) Certain decorative effects may have a tendency to craze. They shall be identified by the manufacturer, in which case the
crazing test given in ISO 10545-11 is not applicable.
7) If the hue becomes slightly different, this is not considered to be chemical attack.
8) A fully vitrified tile is a tile with water absorption of a maximum individual value of 0,5 % (sometimes described as
impervious).
A.2 Sampling and basis for acceptance
The sampling and basis for acceptance shall be in accordance with that presented in ISO 10545-1.
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A.3 Marking and specifications
A.3.1 Marking
Tiles and/or their packaging shall bear the following marking:
a) manufacturer's mark and/or trademark and the country of origin;
b) mark to indicate first quality;
c) type of tile and reference to the appropriate annex in this International Standard (see contents);
d) nominal and work sizes, modular (M) or non-modular;
e) nature of the surface, i.e. glazed (GL) or unglazed (UGL).
A.3.2 Product literature
Product literature for tiles intended for use on floors shall state:
a) the results obtained from ISO 10545-17;
b) the abrasion class for glazed tiles.
NOTE See also annex M for informative symbols.
A.3.3 Specifications
Tiles shall be specified by designating the following:
a) the method of shaping;
b) the annex in this International Standard covering the specific class of tile;
c) nominal and work sizes, modular (M) and non-modular;
d) the nature of the surface, i.e. glazed (GL) or unglazed (UGL).
EXAMPLES
Precision extruded tile, ISO 13006:1998, annex A
AI M25 cm · 12,5 cm (W 240 mm · 115 mm · 10 mm) GL
Natural extruded tile, ISO 13006:1998, annex A
AI 15 cm · 15 cm (W 150 mm · 150 mm · 12,5 mm) UGL
A.4 Ordering
When an order is placed, items such as size, thickness, type of surface, colour, profile, abrasion class for glazed
tiles and other properties shall be agreed by the parties concerned.
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ISO 13006:1998(E)
Annex B
(normative)
Extruded ceramic tiles
3 % , E ¶ 6 %
Group AII — Part 1
a
B.1 Requirements
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties shall be in accordance with
table B.1.
Table B.1 — Requirements for extruded ceramic tiles, Group AII , 3 % , E ¶ 6 %
a–1
Dimensions and surface quality Precision Natural Test
Length and width
The manufacturer shall choose the work
size as follows:
a) for modular tiles in order to allow a
nominal joint width of between 3 mm
1)
and 11 mm ;
b) for non-modular tiles so that the
difference between the work size and
the nominal size is not more than
± 3 mm.
The deviation, in percent, of the average
± 1,25 % to a ± 2,0 % to a ISO 10545-2
size for each tile (2 or 4 sides) from the
maximum of ± 2 mm maximum of ± 4 mm
work size (W).
The deviation, in percent, of the average
size for each tile (2 or 4 sides) from the
± 1,0 % ± 1,5 % ISO 10545-2
average size of the 10 test specimens (20
or 40 sides).
Thickness
a) The thickness shall be specified by the
manufacturer.
b) The deviation, in percent, of the
± 10 % ± 10 % ISO 10545-2
average thickness of each tile from the
work size thickness.
2)
Straightness of sides (facial sides)
The maximum deviation from straightness,
0,5 % 0,6 % ISO 10545-2
± ±
in percent, related to the corresponding
work sizes.
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ISO 13006:1998(E)
Table B.1 (continued)
Dimensions and surface quality Precision Natural Test
2)
Rectangularity
The maximum deviation from rectangu-
± 1,0 % ± 1,0 % ISO 10545-2
larity, in percent, related to the correspond-
ing work sizes.
Surface flatness
The maximum deviation from flatness, in
percent:
a) centre curvature, related to diagonal
ISO 10545-2
± 0,5 % ± 1,5 %
calculated from the work sizes;
b) edge curvature, related to the corre-
ISO 10545-2
± 0,5 % ± 1,5 %
sponding work sizes;
c) warpage, related to diagonal calcu-
± 0,8 % ± 1,5 % ISO 10545-2
lated from the work sizes.
A minimum of 95 % of the tiles shall be free
3)
ISO 10545-2
Surface quality
from visible defects that would impair the
appearance of a major area of tiles
Physical properties Precision Natural Test
3,0 %, E ¶ 6,0 % 3,0 %, E ¶ 6,0 %
Water absorption
ISO 10545-3
Individual maximum Individual maximum
Percent by mass
6,5 % 6,5 %
Breaking strength, in N
a) Thickness Ä 7,5 mm Not less than 950 Not less than 950 ISO 10545-4
b) Thickness , 7,5 mm Not less than 600 Not less than 600 ISO 10545-4
2
Modulus of rupture, in N/mm
Minimum 20 Minimum 20
ISO 10545-4
Not applicable to tiles with breaking
Individual minimum 18 Individual minimum 18
strength Ä 3 000 N.
Abrasion resistance
a) Resistance to deep abrasion of un-
Maximum 393 Maximum 393 ISO 10545-6
glazed tiles: removed volume, in cubic
millimetres.
b) Resistance to surface abrasion of Report abra
...
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SIST EN 87:1998
.HUDPLþQHSORãþLFH'HILQLFLMHUD]YUVWLWHYODVWQRVWLLQR]QDþHYDQMH
Ceramic tiles -- Definitions, classification, characteristics and marking
Carreaux et dalles céramiques -- Définitions, classification, caractéristiques et marquage
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 13006:1998
ICS:
01.040.91 Gradbeni materiali in gradnja Construction materials and
(Slovarji) building (Vocabularies)
91.100.23 .HUDPLþQHSORãþLFH Ceramic tiles
91.100.25 .HUDPLþQLJUDGEHQLL]GHONL Ceramic building products
SIST ISO 13006:1999 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST ISO 13006:1999
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SIST ISO 13006:1999
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13006
First edition
1998-12-01
Ceramic tiles — Definitions, classification,
characteristics and marking
Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Définitions, classification, caractéristiques
et marquage
A Reference number
ISO 13006:1998(E)
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SIST ISO 13006:1999
ISO 13006:1998(E)
Contents
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Definitions .2
4 Classification.4
4.1 Basis of classification .4
4.2 Methods of manufacture .4
4.3 Water absorption (E) groups .4
5 Characteristics.4
6 Sampling and basis for acceptance.4
7 Requirements.4
8 Marking and specifications.5
8.1 Marking .5
8.2 Product literature.5
8.3 Specifications.5
9 Ordering.5
Annex A (normative) Extruded ceramic tiles E ¶¶ 3 % Group AI .9
Annex B (normative) Extruded ceramic tiles 3 % ,, E ¶¶ 6 % Group AII — Part 1 .13
a
Annex C (normative) Extruded ceramic tiles 3 % ,, E ¶¶ 6 % Group AII — Part 2 .17
a
Annex D (normative) Extruded ceramic tiles 6 % ,, E ¶¶ 10 % Group AII — Part 1.21
b
(normative) ,, E ¶¶ II
Annex E Extruded ceramic tiles 6 % 10 % Group A — Part 2 .25
b
Annex F (normative) Extruded ceramic tiles E . 10 % Group AIII.29
Annex G (normative) Dry-pressed ceramic tiles with low water absorption E ¶¶ 0,5 % Group BI .33
a
Annex H (normative) Dry-pressed ceramic tiles with low water absorption 0,5 % ,, E ¶¶ 3 % Group BI .37
b
© ISO 1998
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Switzerland
Internet iso@iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland
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SIST ISO 13006:1999
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ISO ISO 13006:1998(E)
Annex J (normative) Dry-pressed ceramic tiles 3 % ,, E ¶¶ 6 % Group BII . 41
a
Annex K (normative) Dry-pressed ceramic tiles 6 % ,, E ¶¶ 10 % Group BII . 45
b
Annex L (normative) Dry-pressed ceramic tiles E . 10 % Group BIII . 49
Annex M (informative) Symbols for intended use. 53
Annex N (informative) Classification of glazed tiles for floors according to their abrasion resistance. 54
Annex P (informative) Test methods. 55
Bibliography. 56
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SIST ISO 13006:1999
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ISO 13006:1998(E) ISO
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO 13006 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 189, Ceramic tile.
Annexes A to L form an integral part of this International Standard. Annexes M to P and the Bibliography are for
information only.
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SIST ISO 13006:1999
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO ISO 13006:1998(E)
Ceramic tiles — Definitions, classification, characteristics
and marking
1 Scope
This International Standard defines terms and establishes classifications, characteristics and marking requirements
for ceramic tiles of the best commercial quality (first quality).
NOTE ISO 10545 describes the test procedures required to determine the product characteristics listed in ISO 13006.
ISO 10545 is divided into parts each describing a specific test procedure or related matter.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this
International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to
revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 1006:1983, Building construction — Modular coordination — Basic module.
ISO 10545-1:1995, Ceramic tiles — Part 1: Sampling and basis for acceptance.
ISO 10545-2:1995, Ceramic tiles — Part 2: Determination of dimensions and surface quality.
ISO 10545-3:1995, Ceramic tiles — Part 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative
density and bulk density.
ISO 10545-4:1994, Ceramic tiles — Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength.
ISO 10545-5:1996, Ceramic tiles — Part 5: Determination of impact resistance by measurement of coefficient of
restitution.
ISO 10545-6:1995, Ceramic tiles — Part 6: Determination of resistance to deep abrasion for unglazed tiles.
ISO 10545-7:1996, Ceramic tiles — Part 7: Determination of resistance to surface abrasion for glazed tiles.
ISO 10545-8:1994, Ceramic tiles — Part 8: Determination of linear thermal expansion.
ISO 10545-9:1994, Ceramic tiles — Part 9: Determination of resistance to thermal shock.
ISO 10545-10:1995, Ceramic tiles — Part 10: Determination of moisture expansion.
ISO 10545-11:1994, Ceramic tiles — Part 11: Determination of crazing resistance for glazed tiles.
ISO 10545-12:1995,
Ceramic tiles — Part 12: Determination of frost resistance.
ISO 10545-13:1995, Ceramic tiles — Part 13: Determination of chemical resistance.
ISO 10545-14:1995, Ceramic tiles — Part 14: Determination of resistance to stains.
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ISO 10545-15:1995, Ceramic tiles — Part 15: Determination of lead and cadmium given off by glazed tiles.
1)
ISO 10545-16:— , Ceramic tiles — Part 16: Determination of small colour differences.
1)
ISO 10545-17:— , Ceramic tiles — Part 17: Determination of coefficient of friction.
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 1006 and the following apply.
3.1
ceramic tiles
thin slabs made from clays and/or other inorganic raw materials, generally used as coverings for floors and walls,
usually shaped by extruding (A) or pressing (B) at room temperature but may be formed by other processes (C),
then dried and subsequently fired at temperatures sufficient to develop the required properties; tiles can be glazed
(GL) or unglazed (UGL) and are incombustible and unaffected by light
3.2
glaze
vitrified covering which is impermeable
3.3
engobed surface
clay-based covering with a matt finish which can be permeable or impermeable
NOTE A tile with an engobed surface is regarded as an unglazed tile.
3.4
polished surface
surface of an unglazed tile which has been given a glossy finish by mechanical polishing as the last stage of
manufacture
3.5
extruded tiles
[designated as A]
tiles whose body is shaped in the plastic state in an extruder, the column obtained being cut into tiles of pre-
determined dimension
NOTE 1 This International Standard classifies extruded tiles as “precision” or “natural”. The classification is dependent upon
the different technical characteristics as listed in the individual product standards.
NOTE 2 Traditional terms used for extruded products are “split tiles” and “quarry tiles”. They commonly indicate
double-extruded and single-extruded tiles respectively. The term “quarry tiles” only refers to extruded tiles with a water
absorption not exceeding 6 %.
3.6
dry-pressed tiles
[designated as B]
tiles formed from a finely milled body mixture and shaped in moulds at high pressure
3.7
tiles made by other processes
[designated as C]
tiles made by other than the normal commercial processes, i.e. extruded or dry-pressed
NOTE These tiles are not covered in this International Standard.
1) To be published.
2
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ISO 13006:1998(E)
3.8
spacer lugs
projections which are located along certain edges of tiles so that when two tiles are placed together, in line, the lugs
on adjacent edges separate the tiles by a distance not less than the specified width of the joint
See figure 2.
NOTE 1 Lugs are positioned so that the joint between the tiles may be filled with grout without the lugs remaining exposed.
NOTE 2 Dry-pressed tiles may be made with other spacer lug systems and, in such cases, the manufacturer's work size
applies.
3.9
water absorption
[symbol E]
percentage of water by mass, measured in accordance with ISO 10454-3
3.10 Description of sizes
See figures 1 and 2.
NOTE These are only defined for rectangular tiles. If the sizes of non-rectangular tiles are required, they are defined by the
smallest rectangle into which they will fit.
3.10.1
nominal size
size used to describe the product
3.10.2
work size
[symbol W]
size of a tile specified for manufacturing to which the actual size has to conform within specified permissible
deviations
NOTE This is specified by the dimensions length, width and thickness.
3.10.3
actual size
size obtained by measuring the face of the tile in accordance with ISO 10545-2
3.10.4
coordinating size
[symbol C]
work size plus the joint width
3.10.5
modular size
tiles and sizes based on module M, 2 M, 3 M and 5 M and also their multiples or subdivisions, except for tiles with a
2
surface area of less than 9 000 mm
NOTE See ISO 1006 where 1 M = 100 mm.
3.10.6
non-modular sizes
sizes not based on module M
NOTE 1 See ISO 1006 where 1 M = 100 mm.
NOTE 2 Tiles of these sizes are those commonly used in most countries.
3.10.7
tolerance
difference between the permissible limits of size
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4 Classification
4.1 Basis of classification
Ceramic tiles are divided into groups according to their method of manufacture and their water absorption (see 3.9
and table 1). The groups do not presuppose the usage of the products.
4.2 Methods of manufacture
There are three methods of manufacture as follows:
method A, extruded tiles (see 3.5);
method B, dry-pressed tiles (see 3.6);
method C, tiles made by other processes (see 3.7).
4.3 Water absorption (E) groups
There are three water absorption groups as follows.
a) Tiles of low water absorption (Group I), E ¶¶ 3 %
Group I is further divided as follows for dry-pressed tiles:
1) E ¶ 0,5 % (Group BI );
a
2) 0,5 % , E ¶ 3 % (Group BI ).
b
b) Tiles of medium water absorption (Group II), 3 % ,, E ¶ 10 %
Group II is further divided as follows for extruded tiles:
1) 3 % , E ¶ 6 % (Group AII , Parts 1 and 2);
a
2) 6 % , E ¶ 10 % (Group AII , Parts 1 and 2).
b
c) Tiles of high water absorption (Group III), E . 10 %
5 Characteristics
Characteristics for different applications of ceramic tiles are given in table 2.
6 Sampling and basis for acceptance
The sampling and basis for acceptance shall be in accordance with that presented in ISO 10545-1.
7 Requirements
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties shall be as given in the specific
annex (annexes A through L) for each tile class (see contents).
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8 Marking and specifications
8.1 Marking
Tiles and/or their packaging shall bear the following marking:
a) manufacturer's mark and/or trademark and the country of origin;
b) mark to indicate first quality;
c) type of tile and reference to the appropriate annex in this International Standard;
d) nominal and work sizes, modular (M) or non-modular;
e) nature of the surface, i.e. glazed (GL) or unglazed (UGL).
8.2 Product literature
Product literature for tiles intended for use on floors shall state:
a) the results obtained in accordance with ISO 10545-17;
b) the abrasion class for glazed tiles.
NOTE See also annex M for informative symbols.
8.3 Specifications
Tiles shall be specified by designating the following:
a) the method of shaping;
b) the annex in this International Standard covering the specific class of tile;
c) nominal and work sizes, modular (M) and non-modular;
d) the nature of the surface, i.e. glazed (GL) or unglazed (UGL).
EXAMPLES
Precision extruded tile, ISO 13006:1998, annex A
AI M25 cm · 12,5 cm (W 240 mm · 115 mm · 10 mm) GL
Natural extruded tile, ISO 13006:1998, annex A
AI 15 cm · 15 cm (W 150 mm · 150 mm · 12,5 mm) UGL
9 Ordering
When an order is placed, items such as size, thickness, type of surface, colour, profile, abrasion class for glazed
tiles and other properties shall be agreed by the parties concerned.
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Table 1 — Classification of ceramic tiles with respect to water absorption and shaping
Group I Group II Group II Group III
a b
Shaping
E ¶¶ 3 % 3 % ¶¶ E ,, 6 % 6 % ¶¶ E ,, 10 % E . 10 %
1) 1)
Group AII Group AII
a–1 b–1
(see annex B) (see annex D)
A Group AI Group AIII
Extruded (see annex A) (see annex F)
1) 1)
Group AII Group AII
a–2 b–2
(see annex C) (see annex E)
Group BI
a
E ¶ 0,5 %
2)
(see annex G)
B Group BII Group BII Group BIII
a b
Dry pressed (see annex J) (see annex K) (see annex L)
Group BI
b
0,5 % , E ¶ 3 %
(see annex H)
C
3) 3) 3) 3)
Group C Group C Group C Group C
Tiles made by other I II II III
a b
processes
1) Groups AII and AII are divided into two parts (Parts 1 and 2) with different product specifications.
a b
2) Group BIII covers glazed tiles only. There is a low quantity of dry-pressed unglazed tiles produced with water absorption
greater than 10 % that is not covered by this product group.
3) These tiles are not covered in this International Standard.
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Table 2 — Characteristics required for different applications
Characteristics Floors Walls Test
Dimensions and surface quality Interior Exterior Interior Exterior Reference
Length and width X X X X ISO 10545-2
Thickness X X X X ISO 10545-2
Straightness of sides X X X X ISO 10545-2
Rectangularity X X X X ISO 10545-2
Surface flatness (curvature and warpage) X X X X ISO 10545-2
Surface quality X X X X ISO 10545-2
Physical properties Interior Exterior Interior Exterior Reference
Water absorption X X X X ISO 10545-3
Breaking strength X X X X ISO 10545-4
Modulus of rupture X X X X ISO 10545-4
Resistance to deep abrasion – unglazed tiles X X ISO 10545-6
Resistance to surface abrasion – glazed tiles X X ISO 10545-7
1)
X X X X ISO 10545-8
Linear thermal expansion
1)
X X X X ISO 10545-9
Resistance to thermal shock
Resistance to crazing – glazed tiles X X X X ISO 10545-11
2)
X X ISO 10545-12
Frost resistance
Coefficient of friction X X ISO 10545-17
1)
X X X X ISO 10545-10
Moisture expansion
1)
X X X X ISO 10545-16
Small colour differences
1)
X X ISO 10545-5
Impact resistance
Chemical properties Interior Exterior Interior Exterior Reference
Resistance to staining ISO 10545-14
— glazed tiles X X X X ISO 10545-14
1)
X X X X ISO 10545-14
— unglazed tiles
Resistance to low concentrations of acids and
X X X X ISO 10545-13
alkalis.
Resistance to high concentrations of acids and
X X X X ISO 10545-13
1)
alkalis.
Resistance to household cleaners and swimming
X X X X ISO 10545-13
pool salts.
1)
X X X X ISO 10545-15
Lead and cadmium release – glazed tiles
1) Test method available.
2) For tiles intended to be used in situations where frost conditions apply.
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Work size ( ) 1 Joint ( )
W J
Coordinating size (C) 5
Work size (W ) 5 Dimension of the visible face (a), (b) and thickness (d)
Figure 1 — Tile
Key
1 Spacer lugs
Coordinating size (C) 5 Work size (W) 1 Joint (J)
Work size (W ) 5 Dimension of the visible face (a), (b) and thickness (d)
Figure 2 — Tile with spacer lug
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Annex A
(normative)
Extruded ceramic tiles
E ¶ 3 %
Group AI
A.1 Requirements
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties shall be in accordance with
table A.1.
Table A.1 — Requirements for extruded ceramic tiles, Group AI, E ¶ 3 %
Dimensions and surface quality Precision Natural Test
Length and width
The manufacturer shall choose the work
size as follows:
a) for modular tiles in order to allow a
nominal joint width of between 3 mm
1)
and 11 mm ;
b) for non-modular tiles so that the
difference between the work size and
the nominal size is not more than
± 3 mm.
The deviation, in percent, of the average
± 1,0 % to a ± 2,0 % to a ISO 10545-2
size for each tile (2 or 4 sides) from the
maximum of ± 2 mm maximum of ± 4 mm
work size (W).
The deviation, in percent, of the average
size for each tile (2 or 4 sides) from the
± 1,0 % ± 1,5 % ISO 10545-2
average size of the 10 test specimens (20
or 40 sides).
Thickness
a) The thickness shall be specified by the
manufacturer.
b) The deviation, in percent, of the
ISO 10545-2
± 10 % ± 10 %
average thickness of each tile from the
work size thickness.
2)
Straightness of sides (facial sides)
The maximum deviation from straightness,
ISO 10545-2
± 0,5 % ± 0,6 %
in percent, related to the corresponding
work sizes.
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Table A.1 (continued)
Dimensions and surface quality Precision Natural Test
2)
Rectangularity
The maximum deviation from rectangu-
± 1,0 % ± 1,0 % ISO 10545-2
larity, in percent, related to the corre-
sponding work sizes.
Surface flatness
The maximum deviation from flatness, in
percent:
a) centre curvature, related to diagonal
ISO 10545-2
± 0,5 % ± 1,5 %
calculated from the work sizes;
b) edge curvature, related to the corres-
ISO 10545-2
± 0,5 % ± 1,5 %
ponding work sizes;
c) warpage, related to diagonal calcu-
± 0,8 % ± 1,5 % ISO 10545-2
lated from the work sizes.
A minimum of 95 % of the tiles shall be free
3)
ISO 10545-2
Surface quality
from visible defects that would impair the
appearance of a major area of tiles
Physical properties Precision Natural Test
¶ 3,0 % ¶ 3,0 %
Water absorption
ISO 10545-3
Individual maximum Individual maximum
8)
Percent by mass
3,3 % 3,3 %
Breaking strength, in N
a) Thickness Ä 7,5 mm Not less than 1 100 Not less than 1 100 ISO 10545-4
b) Thickness , 7,5 mm Not less than 600 Not less than 600 ISO 10545-4
2
Modulus of rupture, in N/mm
Minimum 23 Minimum 23
ISO 10545-4
Not applicable to tiles with breaking
Individual minimum 18 Individual minimum 18
strength Ä 3 000 N.
Abrasion resistance
a) Resistance to deep abrasion of un-
Maximum 275 Maximum 275 ISO 10545-6
glazed tiles: removed volume, in cubic
millimetres.
b) Resistance to surface abrasion of
Report abrasion class Report abrasion class ISO 10545-7
glazed tiles intended for use on
and cycles passed and cycles passed
4)
floors .
Coefficient of linear thermal
5)
expansion
From ambient temperature to 100 °C. Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-8
5)
Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-9
Thermal shock resistance
6)
Required Required ISO 10545-11
Crazing resistance: glazed tiles
Frost resistance Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-12
Coefficient of friction
Manufacturer to state Manufacturer to state
Tiles intended for use on floors. value and test method value and test method ISO 10545-17
used used
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Table A.1 (concluded)
Physical properties Precision Natural Test
5)
Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-10
Moisture expansion, in mm/m
5)
Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-16
Small colour differences
5)
Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-5
Impact resistance
Chemical properties Precision Natural Test
Resistance to staining
a) Glazed tiles Minimum Class 3 Minimum Class 3 ISO 10545-14
5)
Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-14
b) Unglazed tiles
Resistance to chemicals
Resistance to low concentrations of acids
and alkalis
a) glazed tiles; Manufacturer to state Manufacturer to state ISO 10545-13
classification classification
7)
b) unglazed tiles .
Resistance to high concentrations of acids
Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-13
5)
and alkalis .
Resistance to household chemicals and
swimming pool salts
a) glazed tiles; Minimum GB Minimum GB ISO 10545-13
7)
Minimum UB Minimum UB
b) unglazed tiles .
5)
Test method available Test method available ISO 10545-15
Lead and cadmium release
1) Similar joint widths may be used to apply to traditional systems based on non-metric sizes.
2) Not applicable for tiles having curved shapes.
3) Because of firing, slight variations from the standard colour are unavoidable. This does not apply to intentional
irregularities of colour variation of the face of tiles (which can be unglazed, glazed or partly glazed) or to the colour
variation over a tile area which is characteristic for this type of tile and desirable. Spots or coloured dots which are
introduced for decorative purposes are not considered a defect.
4) Reference may be made to annex N of this International Standard for the abrasion resistance classification for all glazed
tiles intended for use on floors.
5) Reference may be made to annex P of this International Standard for information regarding requirements which are non-
compulsory but which are listed "test method available".
6) Certain decorative effects may have a tendency to craze. They shall be identified by the manufacturer, in which case the
crazing test given in ISO 10545-11 is not applicable.
7) If the hue becomes slightly different, this is not considered to be chemical attack.
8) A fully vitrified tile is a tile with water absorption of a maximum individual value of 0,5 % (sometimes described as
impervious).
A.2 Sampling and basis for acceptance
The sampling and basis for acceptance shall be in accordance with that presented in ISO 10545-1.
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A.3 Marking and specifications
A.3.1 Marking
Tiles and/or their packaging shall bear the following marking:
a) manufacturer's mark and/or trademark and the country of origin;
b) mark to indicate first quality;
c) type of tile and reference to the appropriate annex in this International Standard (see contents);
d) nominal and work sizes, modular (M) or non-modular;
e) nature of the surface, i.e. glazed (GL) or unglazed (UGL).
A.3.2 Product literature
Product literature for tiles intended for use on floors shall state:
a) the results obtained from ISO 10545-17;
b) the abrasion class for glazed tiles.
NOTE See also annex M for informative symbols.
A.3.3 Specifications
Tiles shall be specified by designating the following:
a) the method of shaping;
b) the annex in this International Standard covering the specific class of tile;
c) nominal and work sizes, modular (M) and non-modular;
d) the nature of the surface, i.e. glazed (GL) or unglazed (UGL).
EXAMPLES
Precision extruded tile, ISO 13006:1998, annex A
AI M25 cm · 12,5 cm (W 240 mm · 115 mm · 10 mm) GL
Natural extruded tile, ISO 13006:1998, annex A
AI 15 cm · 15 cm (W 150 mm · 150 mm · 12,5 mm) UGL
A.4 Ordering
When an order is placed, items such as size, thickness, type of surface, colour, profile, abrasion class for glazed
tiles and other properties shall be agreed by the parties concerned.
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Annex B
(normative)
Extruded ceramic tiles
3 % , E ¶ 6 %
Group AII — Part 1
a
B.1 Requirements
Dimensional and surface quality requirements and physical and chemical properties shall be in accordance with
table B.1.
Table B.1 — Requirements for extruded ceramic tiles, Group AII , 3 % , E ¶ 6 %
a–1
Dimensions and surface quality Precision Natural Test
Length and width
The manufacturer shall choose the work
size as follows:
a) for modular tiles in order to allow a
nominal joint width of between 3 mm
1)
and 11 mm ;
b) for non-modular tiles so that the
difference between the work size and
the nominal size is not more than
± 3 mm.
The deviation, in percent, of the average
± 1,25 % to a ± 2,0 % to a ISO 10545-2
size for each tile (2 or 4 sides) from the
maximum of ± 2 mm maximum of ± 4 mm
work size (W).
The deviation, in percent, of the average
size for each tile (2 or 4 sides) from the
± 1,0 % ± 1,5 % ISO 10545-2
average size of the 10 test specimens (20
or 40 sides).
Thickness
a) The thickness shall be specified by the
manufacturer.
b) The deviation, in percent, of the
± 10 % ± 10 % ISO 10545-2
average thickness of each tile from the
work size thickness.
2)
Straightness of sides (facial sides)
The maximum deviation from straightness,
0,5 % 0,6 % ISO 10545-2
± ±
in percent, related to the corresponding
work sizes.
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Table B.1 (continued)
Dimensions and surface quality Precision Natural Test
2)
Rectangularity
The maximum deviation from rectangu-
± 1,0 % ± 1,0 % ISO 10545-2
larity, in perce
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 13006
Première édition
1998-12-01
Carreaux et dalles céramiques —
Définitions, classification, caractéristiques
et marquage
Ceramic tiles — Definitions, classification, characteristics and marking
A Numéro de référence
ISO 13006:1998(F)
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ISO 13006:1998(F)
Sommaire
Page
1 Domaine d’application. 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Définitions. 2
4 Classification . 4
4.1 Principe de la classification . 4
4.2 Méthodes de fabrication . 4
4.3 Groupes en fonction de l'absorption d'eau (E). 4
5 Caractéristiques . 5
6 Échantillonnage et conditions de réception. 5
7 Exigences. 5
8 Marquage et désignation. 5
8.1 Marquage . 5
8.2 Documentation . 5
8.3 Désignation. 5
9 Commande. 6
Annexe A (normative) Carreaux céramiques étirés
E ¶ 3 % Groupe AI . 9
Annexe B (normative) Carreaux céramiques étirés
3 % , E ¶ 6 % Groupe AII — Partie 1.
13
a
© ISO 1998
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf prescription différente, aucune partie de cette publi-
cation ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun pro-
cédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans l'accord
écrit de l'éditeur.
Organisation internationale de normalisation
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Suisse
Internet iso@iso.ch
Imprimé en Suisse
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Annexe C (normative) Carreaux céramiques étirés
3 % , E ¶ 6 % Groupe AII — Partie 2. 17
a
Annexe D (normative) Carreaux céramiques étirés
6 % , E ¶ 10 % Groupe AII — Partie 1. 21
b
Annexe E (normative) Carreaux céramiques étirés
6 % , E ¶ 10 % Groupe AII — Partie 2. 25
b
Annexe F (normative) Carreaux céramiques étirés
E . 10 % Groupe AIII. 29
Annexe G (normative) Carreaux céramiques pressés à sec à faible
absorption d'eau E ¶ 0,5 % Groupe BI . 33
a
Annexe H (normative) Carreaux céramiques pressés à sec
0,5 % , E ¶ 3 % Groupe BI . 37
b
Annexe J (normative) Carreaux céramiques pressés à sec
3 % , E ¶ 6 % Groupe BII . 41
a
Annexe K (normative) Carreaux céramiques pressés à sec
6 % , E ¶ 10 % Groupe BII . 45
b
Annexe L (normative) Carreaux céramiques pressés à sec
E . 10 % Groupe BIII. 49
Annexe M (informative) Symboles pour l'utilisation visée . 53
Annexe N (informative) Classification des carreaux émaillés pour
sols selon leur résistance à l’abrasion. 54
Annexe P (informative) Méthodes d'essai. 55
Bibliographie . 56
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Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération
mondiale d'organismes nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de
l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général confiée aux
comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une
étude a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les
organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales,
en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore
étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en
ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les projets de Normes internationales adoptés par les comités techniques
sont soumis aux comités membres pour vote. Leur publication comme
Normes internationales requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins des
comités membres votants.
La Norme internationale ISO 13006 a été élaborée par le comité technique
ISO/TC 189, .
Carreaux en céramiques
Les annexes A à L font partie intégrante de la présente Norme
internationale. Les annexes M à P ainsi que la Bibliographie sont données
uniquement à titre d’information.
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NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO ISO 13006:1998(F)
Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Définitions, classification,
caractéristiques et marquage
1 Domaine d’application
La présente Norme internationale définit les termes et établit la classification, les caractéristiques et les
spécifications de marquage des carreaux et dalles céramiques du meilleur choix commercialisé (Premier choix).
NOTE L’ISO 10545 décrit les méthodes d'essai destinées à déterminer les caractéristiques du produit détaillées dans
l'ISO 13006. L'ISO 10545 est divisé en parties chacune d'elle décrivant une méthode d'essai spécifique ou le sujet
correspondant.
2 Références normatives
Les normes suivantes contiennent des dispositions qui, par suite de la référence qui en est faite, constituent des
dispositions valables pour la présente Norme internationale. Au moment de la publication, les éditions indiquées
étaient en vigueur. Toute norme est sujette à révision et les parties prenantes des accords fondés sur la présente
Norme internationale sont invitées à rechercher la possibilité d'appliquer les éditions les plus récentes des normes
indiquées ci-après. Les membres de la CEI et de l'ISO possèdent le registre des Normes internationales en vigueur
à un moment donné.
ISO 1006:1983, Construction immobilière — Coordination modulaire — Module de base.
ISO 10545-1:1995, Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 1: Échantillonnage et conditions de réception.
ISO 10545-2:1995, Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 2: Détermination des caractéristiques dimensionnelles
et de la qualité de surface.
ISO 10545-3:1995, Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 3: Détermination de l'absorption d'eau, de la porosité
ouverte, de la densité relative apparente et de la masse volumique globale.
ISO 10545-4:1994, Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 4: Détermination de la résistance à la flexion et de la
force de rupture.
ISO 10545-5:1996, Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 5: Détermination de la résistance au choc par
mesurage du coefficient de restitution.
ISO 10545-6:1995, Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 6: Détermination de la résistance à l'abrasion profonde
pour les carreaux non émaillés.
ISO 10545-7:1996, Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 7: Détermination de la résistance à l'abrasion de
surface pour les carreaux et dalles émaillés.
ISO 10545-8:1994, Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 8: Détermination de la dilatation linéique d’origine
thermique.
ISO 10545-9:1994, Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 9: Détermination de la résistance aux chocs
thermiques.
ISO 10545-10:1995, Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 10: Détermination de la dilatation à l'humidité.
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ISO 10545-11:1994, Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 11: Détermination de la résistance au tressaillage
pour les carreaux émaillés.
ISO 10545-12:1995, Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 12: Détermination de la résistance au gel.
ISO 10545-13:1995, Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 13: Détermination de la résistance chimique.
ISO 10545-14:1995, Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 14: Détermination de la résistance aux taches.
ISO 10545-15:1995, Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 15: Détermination de la teneur en plomb et en
cadmium dégagés par les carreaux émaillés.
1)
ISO 10545-16:— , Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 16: Détermination de faibles différences de couleur.
1)
ISO 10545-17:— , Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 17: Détermination du coefficient de frottement.
3 Définitions
Pour les besoins de la présente Norme internationale, les définitions données dans ISO 1006 et les définitions
suivantes s'appliquent.
3.1
carreaux et dalles céramiques
carreaux minces faits à partir d'argiles et/ou d'autres matières premières minérales, généralement utilisés pour les
revêtements de sols et de murs, façonnés habituellement par étirage (A) ou pressage (B) à température ambiante
mais pouvant être fabriqués par d'autres procédés (C), puis séchés et cuits à température suffisante pour
développer les propriétés désirées; ils peuvent être émaillés (GL) ou non émaillés (UGL) et ils sont incombustibles
et inaltérables à la lumière
3.2
émail
revêtement à caractère vitreux qui est imperméable
3.3
surface engobée
revêtement à base d'argile, mat, qui peut être perméable ou imperméable
NOTE Un carreau avec une surface engobée est considéré comme un carreau non émaillé.
3.4
surface polie
surface d'un carreau non émaillé à laquelle on a donné un brillant final par un polissage mécanique au dernier stade
de la fabrication
3.5
carreaux étirés
[désignés comme A]
carreaux et dalles dont la masse est façonnée à l'état plastique dans une étireuse, le ruban obtenu étant découpé
en carreaux de dimension prédéterminée
NOTE 1 La présente Norme internationale classe les carreaux étirés en «haute précision» ou «régulier». La classification
dépend des différentes caractéristiques techniques qui figurent dans les normes spécifiques aux produits.
NOTE 2 Les termes traditionnels utilisés pour les produits étirés sont «carreaux étirés séparables» et «carreaux étirés
individuellement». Ils indiquent communément les carreaux étirés doubles et simples, respectivement. Le terme «carreau étiré
simple» ne s'applique qu'aux carreaux étirés dont l'absorption d'eau ne dépasse pas 6 %.
1) À publier.
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3.6
carreaux pressés a sec
[désignés comme B]
carreaux formés à partir d'une masse issue d'un mélange finement broyé et façonnés dans des moules sous
pression élevée
3.7
carreaux fabriqués par d'autres procédés
[désignés comme C]
carreaux fabriqués par des procédés autres que les procédés commerciaux normaux, qui sont l'extrusion et le
pressage à sec
NOTE Ces carreaux ne sont pas traités dans la présente Norme internationale.
3.8
tétons d'espacement
projections placées sur certains bords des carreaux de telle sorte que, lorsque deux carreaux sont placés l'un
contre l'autre, les tétons des bords adjacents séparent les carreaux d'une distance qui ne doit pas être inférieure à
la largeur de joint requise
Voir figure 2.
NOTE 1 Les tétons sont placés de façon telle que le joint entre les carreaux puisse être rempli de mortier sans que les tétons
restent visibles.
NOTE 2 Les carreaux pressés à sec peuvent comporter d'autres systèmes de tétons d'espacement; dans ce cas, la
dimension de fabrication indiquée par le fabricant est applicable.
3.9
absorption d'eau
[symbole E]
pourcentage d'eau en masse, mesurée conformément à l'ISO 10545-3
3.10
Description des dimensions
Voir figures 1 et 2.
NOTE Elles ne sont définies que pour des carreaux rectangulaires. Si les dimensions d'un carreau non rectangulaire sont
requises, elles sont définies par les rectangles les contenant.
3.10.1
dimension nominale
dimension utilisée pour décrire le produit
3.10.2
dimension de fabrication
[symbole W]
dimension d'un carreau déterminée pour la fabrication et à laquelle la dimension réelle doit se conformer dans les
limites de tolérance admises
NOTE La dimension de fabrication est spécifée par la longueur, la largeur et l’épaisseur.
3.10.3
dimension réelle
dimension obtenue par mesurage d'un carreau conformément à l'ISO 10545-2
3.10.4
dimension de coordination
[symbole C]
dimension de fabrication plus largeur du joint
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3.10.5
dimensions modulaires
dimensions à base modulaire M, 2M, 3M et 5M ainsi que leurs multiples et sous-multiples, sauf en ce qui concerne
2
les carreaux de surface inférieure à 9 000 mm
NOTE Voir l’ISO 1006 où 1 M = 100 mm.
3.10.6
dimensions non modulaires
dimensions qui ne sont pas à base modulaire
NOTE 1 Voir l’ISO 1006 où 1 M = 100 mm.
NOTE 2 Des carreaux présentant de telles dimensions sont couramment commercialisés dans la plupart des pays.
3.10.7
tolérance
différence entre les dimensions limites admissibles
4 Classification
4.1 Principe de la classification
Les carreaux et dalles céramiques se divisent en groupes en fonction de leur méthode de fabrication et de leur
absorption d'eau (voir 3.9 et tableau 1). Les groupes ne préjugent pas des domaines d'emploi des produits.
4.2 Méthodes de fabrication
Il existe trois méthodes de fabrication, à savoir:
méthode A, carreaux étirés (voir 3.5);
méthode B, carreaux pressés à sec (voir 3.6);
méthode C, carreaux fabriqués par d'autres procédés (voir 3.7).
4.3 Groupes en fonction de l'absorption d'eau (E)
Il existe trois groupes de carreaux et dalles céramiques en fonction de l’absorption d’eau; ils sont classés comme
suit.
a) Carreaux à faible absorption d'eau (groupe I), E ¶¶ 3 %
Pour les carreaux pressés à sec, le groupe I est subdivisé comme suit:
1) E ¶ 0,5 % (groupe BI );
a
2) 0,5 % , E ¶ 3 % (groupe BI ).
b
b) Carreaux à absorption d'eau moyenne (groupe II), 3 % ,, E ¶¶ 10 %
Pour les carreaux étirés, le groupe II est subdivisé comme suit:
1) 3 % , E ¶ 6 % (groupe AII , parties 1 et 2);
a
2) 6 % , E ¶ 10 % (groupe AII , parties 1 et 2).
b
c) Carreaux à absorption d'eau élevée (groupe III), E . 10 %
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5 Caractéristiques
Les caractéristiques relatives aux divers emplois des carreaux et dalles céramiques sont données dans le
tableau 2.
6 Échantillonnage et conditions de réception
L’échantillonnage et les conditions de réception doivent être en accord avec ceux présentés dans l’ISO 10545-1.
7 Exigences
Les exigences relatives aux dimensions et à la qualité de surface ainsi que les propriétés physiques et chimiques
doivent être indiquées conformément à l'annexe spécifique (annexes A à L), pour chaque classe de carreaux
céramiques (voir le sommaire).
8 Marquage et désignation
8.1 Marquage
Les carreaux et dalles céramiques et/ou leur emballage doivent être marqués comme suit:
a) marque du fabricant et/ou marque commerciale et pays d'origine;
b) marquage indiquant «premier choix»;
c) type de carreau et référence à l'annexe appropriée de la présente Norme internationale;
d) dimensions nominales et de fabrication, modulaires (M) ou non modulaires;
e) nature de la surface, c'est-à-dire émaillée (GL) ou non émaillée (UGL).
8.2 Documentation
Toute documentation concernant les carreaux céramiques destinés à être utilisés sur le sol doit comporter les
éléments suivants:
a) la classification selon l’ISO 10545-17;
b) la classe d'abrasion pour les carreaux émaillés selon l’ISO 10545-7.
NOTE Voir aussi l'annexe M pour une liste des symboles informatifs.
8.3 Désignation
Les carreaux doivent être désignés en indiquant
a) la méthode de fabrication;
b) l'annexe de la présente Norme internationale correspondant à la classe spécifique du carreau;
c) les dimensions nominales et de fabrication, modulaires (M) ou non modulaires;
d) la nature de la surface, c’est-à-dire émaillée (GL) ou non émaillée (UGL).
EXEMPLES:
Carreau étiré «haute précision», ISO 13006:1998, annexe A
AI M 25 cm × 12,5 cm (W 240 mm × 115 mm × 10 mm) GL
Carreau étiré «régulier», ISO 13006:1998, annexe A
AI 15 cm × 15 cm (W 150 mm × 150 mm × 12,5 mm) UGL
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9 Commande
Lors du passage d'une commande, les caractéristiques telles que les dimensions, l'épaisseur, l'état de surface, la
couleur, le profil, la classe d'abrasion des carreaux émaillés et toute propriété particulière doivent faire l'objet d'un
accord entre les parties intéressées.
Tableau 1 — Classification des carreaux céramiques par rapport à l’absorption d’eau et
la méthode de fabrication
Groupe I Groupe II Groupe II Groupe III
a b
Méthode de fabrication
E ¶¶ 3 % 3 % ¶¶ E ,, 6 % 6 % ¶¶ E ,, 10 % E . 10 %
1) 1)
Groupe AII Groupe AII
a–1 b–1
(voir annexe B) (voir annexe D)
A Groupe AI Groupe AIII
Étiré (voir annexe A) (voir annexe F)
1) 1)
Groupe AII Groupe AII
a–2 b–2
(voir annexe C) (voir annexe E)
Groupe BI
a
E ¶¶ 0,5 %
(voir annexe G)
2)
B Groupe BII Groupe BII Groupe BIII
a b
Pressé à sec (voir annexe J) (voir annexe K) (voir annexe L)
Groupe B
I
b
0,5 % 3 %
, E ¶¶
(voir annexe H)
C
3) 3) 3) 3)
Carreaux fabriqués par Groupe CI Groupe CII Groupe CII Groupe CIII
a b
d’autres procédés
1) Les groupes AII et AII sont divisés en deux parties (Parties 1 et 2) ayant des spécifications de produits différentes.
a b
2) Le groupe BIII ne couvre que les carreaux émaillés. Une faible production de carreaux pressés à sec, non émaillés, avec une
absorption d’eau supérieure à 10 % n’est pas incluse dans ce groupe de produits.
3) Ces carreaux ne sont pas traités dans la présente Norme internationale.
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Tableau 2 — Caractéristiques requises pour différents types d’application
Caractéristiques Sols Murs Essai
Dimensions et qualité de surface Intérieur Extérieur Intérieur Extérieur Référence
Longueur et largeur X X X X ISO 10545-2
Épaisseur X X X X ISO 10545-2
Rectitude des arêtes X X X X ISO 10545-2
Angularité X X X X ISO 10545-2
Planéité de surface (courbure et voile) X X X X ISO 10545-2
Qualité de surface X X X X ISO 10545-2
Propriétés physiques Intérieur Extérieur Intérieur Extérieur Référence
Absorption d’eau X X X X ISO 10545-3
Résistance à la rupture X X X X ISO 10545-4
Module de rupture X X X X ISO 10545-4
Résistance à l’abrasion profonde — carreaux non émaillés X X ISO 10545-6
Résistance à l’abrasion de surface — carreaux émaillés X X ISO 10545-7
1)
Coefficient de dilatation thermique linéique X X X X ISO 10545-8
1)
Résistance aux chocs thermiques X X X X ISO 10545-9
Résistance au tressaillage — carreaux émaillés X X X X ISO 10545-11
2)
Résistance au gel X X ISO 10545-12
Coefficient de frottement X X ISO 10545-17
1)
Dilatation à l’humidité X X X X ISO 10545-10
1)
Légères différences de couleur X X X X ISO 10545-16
1)
Résistance à l’impact X X ISO 10545-5
Propriétés chimiques Intérieur Extérieur Intérieur Extérieur Référence
Résistance aux taches ISO 10545-14
— carreaux émaillés X X X X ISO 10545-14
1)
— carreaux non émaillés X X X X ISO 10545-14
Résistance aux faibles concentrations d’acides et de bases X X X X ISO 10545-13
1)
Résistance aux fortes concentrations d’acides et de bases X X X X ISO 10545-13
Résistance aux produits ménagers et additifs pour eau de X X X X ISO 10545-13
piscine
1)
Pertes de plomb et de cadmium — carreaux émaillés X X X X ISO 10545-15
1) Méthode d’essai applicable.
2) Pour les carreaux destinés à être utilisés dans des endroits où des conditions de gel interviennent.
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C = dimension de coordination [dimension de fabrication (W ) 1 joint (J)]
W = dimension de fabrication [dimension de la belle face (a), (b) et épaisseur (d)]
Figure 1 — Carreaux
Légende
1 Tétons d’espacement
C = dimension de coordination [dimension de fabrication (W ) 1 joint (J)]
W = dimension de fabrication [dimension de la belle face (a), (b) et épaisseur (d)]
Figure 2 — Carreaux à tétons d’espacement
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Annexe A
(normative)
Carreaux céramiques étirés
E ¶ 3 %
Groupe AI
A.1 Spécifications
Les spécifications de dimensions, d'aspect et les propriétés physiques et chimiques sont données dans le
tableau A.1.
Tableau A.1 — Spécifications pour les carreaux céramiques étirés, Groupe AI, E ¶ 3 %
Dimensions et qualité de surface Haute précision Régulier Essai
Longueur et largeur
Le fabricant doit choisir les dimensions de
fabrication de la manière suivante:
a) pour les carreaux modulaires, de façon à
obtenir une largeur nominale de joint comprise
1)
entre 3 mm et 11 mm ;
b) pour les carreaux non modulaires, de façon à
ce que la différence entre la dimension de
fabrication et la dimension nominale n’excède
pas – 3 mm.
Écart admissible, en pour cent, de la dimension
± 1,0 %, mais au ± 2,0 %, mais au
moyenne par carreau (2 ou 4 côtés), à la ISO 10545-2
maximum ± 2 mm maximum ± 4 mm
dimension de fabrication (W)
Écart admissible, en pour cent, de la dimension
moyenne par carreau (2 ou 4 côtés), à la
1,0 % 1,5 % ISO 10545-2
± ±
dimension moyenne de 10 éprouvettes (20 ou
40 côtés)
Épaisseur
a) L’épaisseur doit être spécifiée par le fabricant.
b) Écart admissible, en pour cent, de l’épaisseur
moyenne par carreau, à l’épaisseur de fabri- ± 10 % ± 10 % ISO 10545-2
cation
2)
Rectitude des arêtes (belle face)
Écart maximal de rectitude, en pour cent, par rap-
port aux dimensions de fabrication correspon- ± 0,5 % ± 0,6 % ISO 10545-2
dantes
2)
Angularité
Écart maximal d’angularité, en pour cent, par rap-
port aux dimensions de fabrication correspon- ± 1,0 % ± 1,0 % ISO 10545-2
dantes
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Tableau A.1 (suite)
Dimensions et qualité de surface Haute précision Régulier Essai
Planéité
Écart maximal de planéité, en pourcentage:
a) courbure centrale par rapport à la diagonale
± 0,5 % ± 1,5 % ISO 10545-2
calculée d’après les dimensions de fabrication
b) courbure latérale par rapport à la dimension
± 0,5 % ± 1,5 % ISO 10545-2
de fabrication correspondante
c) voile par rapport à la diagonale calculée
± 0,8 % ± 1,5 % ISO 10545-2
d’après les dimensions de fabrication
95 % au moins des carreaux doivent être
3)
Aspect de surface exempts de défauts visibles susceptibles de ISO 10545-2
nuire à l’aspect d’une zone importante du
carrelage
Propriétés physiques Haute précision Régulier Essai
¶ 3,0 % ¶ 3,0 %
Absorption d’eau
Maximum individuel Maximum individuel ISO 10545-3
8)
Pourcentage massique
3,3 % 3,3 %
Résistance à la rupture, en N
a) Épaisseur Ä 7,5 mm Minimum 1 100 Minimum 1 100 ISO 10545-4
b) Épaisseur , 7,5 mm Minimum 600 Minimum 600 ISO 10545-4
2
Module de rupture, en N/mm
Minimum 23 Minimum 23
Non applicable aux carreaux ayant une résistance ISO 10545-4
Minimum individuel 18 Minimum individuel 18
à la rupture Ä 3 000 N
Résistance à l’abrasion
a) Résistance à l’abrasion profonde des carreaux
non émaillés: volume de matière enlevé, en Maximum 275 Maximum 275 ISO 10545-6
millimètres cubes
Consigner la classe Consigner la classe
b) Résistance à l’abrasion de surface des car-
d’abrasion et le d’abrasion et le
reaux émaillés destinés aux revêtements de
4)
nombre de cycles nombre de cycles
sol ISO 10545-7
subis avant défaillance subis avant défaillance
5)
Coefficient de dilatation thermique linéique
Méthode d’essai Méthode d’essai
o
De la température ambiante à 100 C ISO 10545-8
applicable applicable
Méthode d’essai Méthode d’essai
5)
Résistance aux chocs thermiques ISO 10545-9
applicable applicable
Résistance au tressaillage — carreaux
Exigée Exigée ISO 10545-11
6)
émaillés
Méthode d’essai Méthode d’essai
Résistance au gel ISO 10545-12
applicable applicable
Valeur et méthode Valeur et méthode
Coefficient de frottement — carreaux destinés
d'essai indiquées par d'essai indiquées par ISO 10545-17
aux revêtements de sol
le fabricant le fabricant
Méthode d’essai Méthode d’essai
5)
Dilatation à l’humidité, en mm/m ISO 10545-10
applicable applicable
Méthode d’essai Méthode d’essai
5)
Légère différence de couleur ISO 10545-16
applicable applicable
Méthode d’essai Méthode d’essai
5)
ISO 10545-5
Résistance à l’impact
applicable applicable
10
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©
ISO
ISO 13006:1998(F)
Tableau A.1 (fin)
Propriétés chimiques Haute précision Régulier Essai
Résistance aux produits tachants
a) Carreaux émaillés Minimum Classe 3 Minimum Classe 3 ISO 10545-14
5)
b) Carreaux non émaillés Méthode d’essai Méthode d’essai
ISO 10545-14
applicable applicable
Résistance aux produits chimiques
Résistance aux faibles concentrations d’acides et
de bases: Le fabricant doit Le fabricant doit
indiquer la indiquer la ISO 10545-13
a) carreaux émaillés;
classification classification
7)
b) carreaux non émaillés .
Résistance aux fortes concentrations d’acides et Méthode d’essai Méthode d’essai
ISO 10545-13
5)
de bases applicable applicable
Résistance aux produits ménagers et additifs
pour l’eau de piscine:
ISO 10545-13
a) carreaux émaillés Minimum GB Minimum GB
7)
b) carreaux non émaillés Minimum UB Minimum UB
Méthode d’essai Méthode d’essai
5)
Perte de plomb et de cadmium ISO 10545-15
applicable applicable
1) Des largeurs de joints identiques peuvent être appliquées à des systèmes traditionnels basés sur des dimensions non métriques.
2) Non applicable aux carreaux présentant des bords volontairement déformés.
3) À cause de la cuisson, de légères variations de couleur par rapport à la couleur standard sont inévitables. Ceci ne s'applique pas aux
variations voulues de coloration des carreaux (qui peuvent être non émaillés, émaillés ou partiellement émaillés) ou aux variations de
couleur d'une surface carrelée qui sont caractéristiques de ce type de carreaux et recherchées. Ne sont pas considérés comme défauts
d'aspect, les taches ou points introduits volontairement dans un but décoratif.
4) On peut se référer à l'annexe N de la présente Norme internationale pour la classification de la résistance à l'abrasion pour tous les
carreaux émaillés destinés aux revêtements des sols.
5) On peut se référer à l'annexe P de a présente Norme internationale pour les informations concernant les spécifications qui ne sont pas
exigées mais qui sont notées «méthode d'essai applicable».
6) Certains effets décoratifs provoquent une tendance au tressaillage. Ils doivent être identifiés par le fabricant, auquel cas l'essai de
résistance au tressaillage conformément à l’ISO 10545-11 ne s'applique pas.
7) Une légère modification de teinte n'est pas considérée comme la conséquence d'une attaque chimique.
8) Un carreau totalement vitrifié est un carreau avec une valeur individuelle maximale d'absorption d'eau de 0,5 % (parfois désigné
comme «imperméable»).
A.2 Échantillonnage et conditions de réception
L'échantillonnage et les conditions de réception doivent être en accord avec ceux présentés dans l’ISO 10545-1.
A.3 Marquage et désignation
A.3.1 Marquage
Les carreaux et dalles et/ou leur emballage doivent être marqués comme suit:
a) marque du fabricant et/ou marque commerciale et pays d'origine;
b) marquage indiquant «premier choix»;
c) type de carreau et référence à l'annexe appropriée de la présente Norme internationale (voir le sommaire);
d) dimensions nominales et de fabrication, modulaires (M) ou non modulaires;
e) nature de la surface, c'est-à-dire émaillée (GL) ou non émaillée (UGL).
11
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ISO
ISO 13006:1998(F)
A.3.2 Documentation
Toute documentation concernant les carreaux céramiques destinés à être utilisés sur le sol doit comporter les
éléments suivants:
a) la classification selon l’ISO 10545-17;
b) la classe d'abrasion pour les carreaux émaillés.
NOTE Voir aussi l'annexe M pour une liste des symboles informatifs.
A.3.3 Désignation
Les carreaux doivent être désignés en indiquant
a) la méthode de fabrication;
b) l'annexe de la présente Norme internationale correspondant à la classe spécifique du carreau;
c) les dimensions nominales et de fabrication, modulaires (M) ou non modulaires;
d) la nature de la surface, c'est-à-dire émaillée (GL) ou non émaillée (UGL).
EXEMPLES
Carreau étiré «haute précision», ISO 13006:1998, annexe A
AI M 25 cm × 12,5 cm (W 240 mm × 115 mm × 10 mm) GL
Carreau étiré «régulier», ISO 13006:1998, annexe A
AI 15 cm × 15 cm (W 150 mm × 150 mm × 12,5 mm) UGL
A.4 Commande
Lors du passage d'une commande, les caractéristiques telles que les dimensions, l'épaisseur, l'état de surface, la
couleur, le profil, la classe d'abrasion des carreaux émaillés et toute propriété particulière doivent faire l'objet d'un
accord entre les parties intéressées.
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©
ISO
ISO 13006:1998(F)
Annexe B
(normative)
Carreaux céramiques étirés
3 % , E ¶ 6 %
Groupe AII — Partie 1
a
B.1 Spécifications
Les spécifications de dimensions, d'aspect et les propriétés physiques et chimiques sont données dans le
tableau B.1.
Tableau B.1 — Spécifications pour les carreaux céramiques étirés, Groupe AII , 3 % , E ¶ 6 %
a–1
Dimensions et qualité de surface Haute précision Régulier Essai
Longueur et largeur
Le fabricant doit choisir les dimensions de fabri-
cation de la manière suivante:
a) pour les carreaux modulaires, de
...
S L O V E N S K I SIST ISO 13006
druga izdaja
STANDARD
november 1999
Keramične ploščice - Definicije, razvrstitev, lastnosti in označevanje
(enakovreden ISO 13006:1998)
Ceramic tiles - Definitions, classification, characteristics and marking
Carreaux et dalles céramiques - Définitions, classification, caractéristiques et
marquage
Keramische Fliesen und Platten – Begriffe, Klassifizierung, Anforderungen und
Kennzeichnung
Deskriptorji: keramika, ploščice, razvrstitev, definicije, lastnosti, označevanje
Referenčna številka
ICS 01.040.91; 91.100.20 SIST ISO 13006:1999 (sl)
Nadaljevanje na straneh od 2 do 60
© Standard je založil in izdal Urad Republike Slovenije za standardizacijo in meroslovje pri Ministrstvu za znanost in tehnologijo.
Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST ISO 13006 : 1999
NACIONALNI UVOD
Standard SIST ISO 13006, Keramične ploščice - Definicije, razvrstitev, lastnosti in označevanje, druga
izdaja, 1999, ima status slovenskega standarda in je enakovreden mednarodnemu standardu
ISO 13006 (en), Ceramic tiles - Definitions, classification, characteristics and marking, 1998-12-01.
NACIONALNI PREDGOVOR
Mednarodni standard ISO 13006:1998 je pripravil tehnični odbor Mednarodne organizacije za
standardizacijo ISO/TC 189, Keramične ploščice.
Slovenski standard SIST ISO 13006:1999 je prevod mednarodnega standarda ISO 13006:1998. V
primeru spora glede besedila slovenskega prevoda v tem standardu je odločilen izvirni mednarodni
standard v angleškem jeziku. Slovensko izdajo standarda je pripravil tehnični odbor USM/TC KER
(Keramika).
Ta slovenski standard je dne 1999-10-20 odobril direktor USM.
ZVEZE S STANDARDI
S prevzemom tega mednarodnega standarda veljajo za omejeni namen referenčnih standardov vsi
standardi, navedeni v izvirniku, razen standardov, ki smo jih že sprejeli v nacionalno standardizacijo:
SIST EN ISO 10545-1:1998 (en) Keramične ploščice - 1. del: Vzorčenje in osnove za sprejem
SIST EN ISO 10545-2:1998 (en) Keramične ploščice - 2. del: Mere in kakovost površine
SIST EN ISO 10545-3:1998 (en) Keramične ploščice - 3. del: Ugotavljanje vpijanja vode, navidezne
poroznosti, navidezne relativne gostote in prostorninske mase
SIST EN ISO 10545-4:1998 (en) Keramične ploščice - 4. del: Ugotavljanje upogibne trdnosti
SIST EN ISO 10545-5:1998 (en) Keramične ploščice - 5. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti proti udarcem
z merjenjem koeficienta odboja (restitucije)
SIST EN ISO 10545-6:1998 (en) Keramične ploščice - 6. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti neloščenih
ploščic proti globinski obrabi
SIST EN ISO 10545-7:1998 (en) Keramične ploščice - 7. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti loščenih
ploščic proti površinski obrabi
SIST EN ISO 10545-8:1998 (en) Keramične ploščice - 8. del: Ugotavljanje linearnega toplotnega
raztezka
SIST EN ISO 10545-9:1998 (en) Keramične ploščice - 9. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti proti
temperaturnim spremembam
SIST ISO 10545-10:1996 (en) Keramične ploščice - 10. del: Ugotavljanje raztezka zaradi vlage
SIST ISO 10545-11:1995 (en) Keramične ploščice - 11. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti lošča
loščenih ploščic proti lasastim razpokam
SIST ISO 10545-12:1996 (en) Keramične ploščice - 12. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti proti
zmrzovanju
SIST ISO 10545-13:1995 (en) Keramične ploščice - 13. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti proti
kemikalijam
SIST ISO 10545-14:1996 (en) Keramične ploščice - 14. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti proti
madežem
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SIST ISO 13006 : 1999
SIST ISO 10545-15:1995 (en) Keramične ploščice - 15. del: Ugotavljanje količine svinca in
kadmija, ki se izlužita iz loščenih ploščic
OPOMBI
- Povsod, kjer se v besedilu standarda uporablja izraz “mednarodni standard”, v
SIST ISO 13006:1999 to pomeni “slovenski standard”.
- Nacionalni uvod in nacionalni predgovor nista sestavni del standarda.
3
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SIST ISO 13006 : 1999
VSEBINA STRAN
Predgovor. 5
1 Namen . 6
2 Zveze s standardi. 6
3 Definicije . 7
4 Razvrstitev . 8
5 Lastnosti . 9
6 Vzorčenje in osnove za sprejem. 9
7 Zahteve. 9
8 Označevanje in specifikacije. 9
9 Naročilo. 10
Dodatek A (obvezen) . 13
Vlečene keramične ploščice, E ≤ 3 % (skupina AI) . 13
Dodatek B (obvezen) . 17
Vlečene keramične ploščice, 3 % < E ≤ 6 % (skupina AII - 1. del). 17
a
Dodatek C (obvezen) . 21
Vlečene keramične ploščice, 3 %< E ≤ 6 % (skupina AII - 2. del). 21
a
Dodatek D (obvezen) . 25
Vlečene keramične ploščice, 6 %< E ≤ 10 % (skupina AII - 1. del). 25
b
Dodatek E (obvezen) . 29
Vlečene keramične ploščice, 6 % < E ≤ 10 % (skupina AII - 2. del). 29
b
Dodatek F (obvezen). 33
Vlečene keramične ploščice, E ≥ 10 % (skupina AIII). 33
Dodatek G (obvezen). 37
Suho stiskane keramične ploščice z nizko vpojnostjo vode, E ≤ 0,5%
(skupina BI ) . 37
a
Dodatek H (obvezen) . 41
Suho stiskane keramične ploščice z nizko vpojnostjo vode, 0,5%
BI ). 41
b
Dodatek J (obvezen). 45
Suho stiskane keramične ploščice, 3 % < E ≤ 6 % (skupina BII ). 45
a
Dodatek K (obvezen) . 49
Suho stiskane keramične ploščice, 6 % < E ≤ 10 % (skupina BII ). 49
b
Dodatek L (obvezen). 53
Suho stiskane keramične ploščice, E > 10 % (skupina BIII) . 53
Dodatek M (informativen). 57
Simboli za uporabo . 57
Dodatek N (informativen). 59
Razvrščanje loščenih talnih ploščic po odpornosti proti obrabi . 58
Dodatek P (informativen) . 59
Metode preskušanja . 59
Bibliografija. 60
4
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SIST ISO 13006 : 1999
PREDGOVOR
ISO (Mednarodna organizacija za standardizacijo) je svetovna zveza nacionalnih organov za standarde
(člani ISO). Priprava mednarodnih standardov poteka v tehničnih odborih. Če je neka članica
zainteresirana za določeno stvar, za katero je tehnični odbor že ustanovljen, ima pravico do zastopanja
na tem odboru. Pri delu prav tako sodelujejo vladne in nevladne mednarodne organizacije, ki so
povezane z ISO. ISO tesno sodeluje z Mednarodno elektrotehnično zvezo (IEC) pri standardizaciji na
področju elektrotehnike.
Predlogi mednarodnih standardov, ki jih privzamejo tehnični odbori, krožijo med članicami za
glasovanje. Za objavo mednarodnega standarda je potrebna odobritev najmanj 75% članic, ki volijo.
Mednarodni standard ISO 13006 je pripravil tehnični odbor ISO/TC 189, Keramične ploščice.
Dodatki od A do L so sestavni del tega mednarodnega standarda. Dodatki od M do P in Bibliografija so
samo informativne narave.
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SIST ISO 13006 : 1999
Keramične ploščice – Definicije, razvrstitev, lastnosti in
označevanje
1 Namen
Ta mednarodni standard opredeljuje izraze in postavlja zahteve za razvrstitev, lastnosti in označevanje
keramičnih ploščic najboljše kakovosti (prvi razred).
Opomba: Standard ISO 10545 podaja zahtevane preskusne metode za ugotavljanje lastnosti proizvodov, navedenih v
ISO 13006. ISO 10545 je sestavljen iz več delov, od katerih vsak opisuje poseben preskusni postopek oz.
pomembno zadevo.
2 Zveze s standardi
Navedeni standardi vsebujejo določila, ki z navedbo v tem besedilu sestavljajo določila tega
mednarodnega standarda. V času objave so bile veljavne navedene izdaje. Vsi standardi se revidirajo
in stranke v pogodbah, ki temeljijo na tem mednarodnem standardu, naj raziščejo možnosti uporabe
zadnjih izdaj teh standardov. Člani IEC in ISO vzdržujejo register trenutno veljavnih mednarodnih
standardov.
ISO 1006:1983 Gradbene konstrukcije - Modularna koordinacija - Osnovni modul
ISO 10545-1:1995 Keramične ploščice - 1. del: Vzorčenje in osnove za sprejem
ISO 10545-2:1995 Keramične ploščice - 2. del: Mere in kakovost površine
ISO 10545-3:1995 Keramične ploščice - 3. del: Ugotavljanje vpijanja vode, navidezne
poroznosti, navidezne relativne gostote in prostorninske mase
ISO 10545-4:1994 Keramične ploščice - 4. del: Ugotavljanje upogibne trdnosti
ISO 10545-5:1996 Keramične ploščice - 5. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti proti udarcem
z merjenjem koeficienta odboja (restitucije)
ISO 10545-6:1995 Keramične ploščice - 6. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti neloščenih
ploščic proti globinski obrabi
ISO 10545-7:1996 Keramične ploščice - 7. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti loščenih
ploščic proti površinski obrabi
ISO 10545-8:1994 Keramične ploščice - 8. del: Ugotavljanje linearnega toplotnega
raztezka
ISO 10545-9:1994 Keramične ploščice - 9. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti proti
temperaturnim spremembam
ISO 10545-10:1995 Keramične ploščice - 10. del: Ugotavljanje raztezka zaradi vlage
ISO 10545-11:1994 Keramične ploščice - 11. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti lošča
loščenih ploščic proti lasastim razpokam
ISO 10545-12:1995 Keramične ploščice - 12. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti proti
zmrzovanju
ISO 10545-13:1995 Keramične ploščice - 13. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti proti
kemikalijam
ISO 10545-14:1995 Keramične ploščice - 14. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti proti
madežem
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SIST ISO 13006 : 1999
ISO 10545-15:1995 Keramične ploščice - 15. del: Ugotavljanje količine svinca in
kadmija, ki se izlužita iz loščenih ploščic
1)
ISO 10545-16:- Keramične ploščice - 16. del: Ugotavljanje majhnih razlik v barvi
1)
ISO 10545-17:- Keramične ploščice - 17. del: Ugotavljanje koeficienta trenja
3 Definicije
Za namene tega mednarodnega standarda veljajo definicije, podane v ISO 1006, in naslednje:
3.1 Keramične ploščice: Tanke plošče iz glin in/ali drugih anorganskih surovin, ki se ponavadi
uporabljajo kot stenske in talne obloge. Ponavadi so oblikovane s postopki vlečenja (A) ali stiskanja (B)
pri sobni temperaturi, vendar so lahko oblikovane tudi kako drugače (C). Nato se posušijo in odžgejo
pri dovolj visokih temperaturah, da dosežejo zahtevane lastnosti. Ploščice so lahko loščene (GL) ali
neloščene (UGL), so negorljive in zaradi svetlobe ne spreminjajo svojih lastnosti.
3.2 Lošč: Zastekljen neprepusten nanos.
3.3 Engobirana površina: Nanos iz gline brez leska, ki je lahko prepusten ali neprepusten.
Opomba: Ploščica z engobirano površino se obravnava kot neloščena ploščica.
3.4 Polirana površina: Površina neloščene ploščice, ki z mehanskim poliranjem v zadnji fazi
proizvodnje dobi sijaj.
3.5 Vlečene ploščice [označene z A]: Ploščice, ki so v plastičnem stanju oblikovane v ekstrudorju,
kjer se dobljen vlečen trak razreže v ploščice predhodno določenih mer.
Opombi: 1. Ta standard razvršča vlečene ploščice v fine ali rustikalne. Razvrstitev je odvisna od različnih tehničnih
značilnosti, tako kot so naštete v posameznih izdelčnih standardih.
2. Uveljavljena izraza, ki se uporabljata za vlečene proizvode, sta razkolne ploščice (ang. split) in lomljene ploščice
(ang. quarry). Prve so ponavadi dvojno vlečene, druge pa enojno vlečene ploščice. Izraz lomljene ploščice se
nanaša samo na vlečene ploščice, katerih vpojnost vode ne presega 6 %.
3.6 Suho stiskane ploščice [označene z B]: Ploščice iz drobno mlete mešanice, oblikovane v
modelih pri visokem tlaku.
3.7 Ploščice, izdelane po drugih postopkih [označene s C]: Ploščice, izdelane z drugačnimi
postopki od običajnih, kot je npr. vlečenje ali suho stiskanje.
Opomba: Ta mednarodni standard teh ploščic ne obravnava.
3.8 Prostorski distančniki: Izbokline, ki so nameščene vzdolž določenih robov ploščice tako, da med
dvema ploščicama, postavljenima v linijo, distančniki na priležnih robovih ločujejo ploščici z razdaljo, ki
ni manjša od predpisane širine fuge.
Glej sliko 2.
Opombi: 1. Distančniki so postavljeni tako, da je fugo med ploščicama mogoče napolniti z malto, ne da bi distančniki ostali
izpostavljeni.
2. Suho stiskane ploščice so lahko izdelane z drugačnimi sistemi prostorskih distančnikov; v teh primerih veljajo
proizvajalčeve proizvodne mere.
3.9 Vodovpojnost [simbol E]: Masni odstotek vode, merjen po ISO 10545-3.
3.10 Opis mer: Glej sliki 1 in 2.
1)
Bo objavljeno.
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SIST ISO 13006 : 1999
Opomba: Mere so določene samo za pravokotne ploščice. Če se zahtevajo mere nepravokotnih ploščic, so te določene z
najmanjšim kotom, v katerega lahko ploščica nalega.
3.10.1 Nazivna mera: Mera za opis proizvoda.
3.10.2 Proizvodna mera [simbol W]: Mera ploščice, predpisana za proizvodnjo, ki ji mora ustrezati
dejanska mera znotraj določenih dopustnih odstopanj.
Opomba: Opredeljena je z dolžino, širino in debelino.
3.10.3 Dejanska mera: Mera, dobljena z merjenjem ploščice na zgornji strani po ISO 10545-2.
3.10.4 Koordinatna mera [simbol C]: Proizvodna mera s širino fuge.
3.10.5 Modularna mera: Ploščice in mere, ki temeljijo na M, 2 M, 3 M in 5 M in njihovih večkratnikih ali
2
količnikih, razen ploščic, katerih površina je manjša kot 9 000 mm .
Opomba: Glej ISO 1006, kjer je 1 M = 100 mm.
3.10.6 Nemodularne mere: Mere, ki ne temeljijo na M.
Opombi: 1. Glej ISO 1006, kjer je 1 M = 100 mm.
2. Ploščice takšnih mer se v večini držav najpogosteje uporabljajo.
3.10.7 Toleranca: Razlika med dovoljenima omejitvama mere.
4 Razvrstitev
4.1 Osnove za razvrstitev
Keramične ploščice so razdeljene v skupine po načinu oblikovanja in njihovi vpojnosti vode (glej 3.9 in
razpredelnico 1). Razvrstitev v skupine ne podaja uporabe proizvodov.
4.2 Načini oblikovanja
Obstajajo tri metode proizvodnje:
- metoda A, vlečene ploščice (glej 3.5)
- metoda B, suho stiskane ploščice (glej 3.6)
- metoda C, ploščice, izdelane po drugih postopkih (glej 3.7)
4.3 Skupine po vpojnosti vode (E)
Po vpojnosti vode se ploščice razvrščajo v tri skupine.
a) ploščice z nizko vpojnostjo vode (skupina I), E ≤≤≤≤ 3 %
Skupina I suho stiskanih ploščic se naprej deli:
1) E < 0,5 % (skupina BI )
a
2) 0,5 % < E ≤ 3 % (skupina BI )
b
b) ploščice s srednjo vpojnostjo vode (skupina II), 3 % <<<< E ≤≤≤≤ 10 %
Skupina II vlečenih ploščic se naprej deli:
8
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SIST ISO 13006 : 1999
1) 3 % < E ≤ 6 % (skupina AII , 1. in 2. del)
a
2) 6 % < E ≤ 10 % (skupina AII , 1. in 2. del)
b
c) ploščice z visoko vpojnostjo vode (skupina III), E >>>> 10 %
5 Lastnosti
Lastnosti za različno uporabo keramičnih ploščic so dane v razpredelnici 2.
6 Vzorčenje in osnove za sprejem
Vzorčenje in osnove za sprejem morajo biti skladni z zahtevami ISO 10545-1.
7Zahteve
Zahteve za mere in kakovost površine ter fizikalne in kemične lastnosti morajo biti takšne, kot so dane
v dodatkih (dodatki od A do L) za posamezen razred ploščic (glej kazalo).
8
Označevanje in specifikacije
8.1 Označevanje
Ploščica in/ali embalaža mora imeti naslednje oznake:
a) oznako proizvajalca in/ali prodajno oznako in državo porekla
b) oznako kakovosti I. razreda
c) tip ploščice in sklicevanje na ustrezen dodatek standarda ISO 13006
d) nazivno in proizvodno mero in oznake za modularno (M) in proizvodno mero (W)
e) tip površine, npr. loščena (GL) ali neloščena (UGL)
8.2 Spremni dokumenti
V spremnih dokumentih morajo biti za talne ploščice navedeni:
a) rezultati, dobljeni v skladu z ISO 10545-17
b) razred obrabe za loščene ploščice
Opomba: Glej tudi dodatek M za informativne simbole.
8.3 Specifikacije
Ploščice morajo biti podrobneje opisane z naslednjimi oznakami:
a) metoda oblikovanja
b) dodatek standarda ISO 13006, ki obravnava posamezen razred ploščic
c) nazivno in proizvodno mero in oznake za modularno (M) in proizvodno mero (W)
d) tip površine: loščena (GL) ali neloščena (UGL)
9
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SIST ISO 13006 : 1999
Primera:
Fina vlečena ploščica ISO 13006:1998, Dodatek A
AI M25 cm x 12,5 cm (W 240 mm x 115 mm x 10 mm) GL
Rustikalna vlečena ploščica ISO 13006:1998, Dodatek A
AI 15 cm x 15 cm (W 150 mm x 150 mm x 12,5 mm) UGL
9 Naročilo
Pri naročilu se morajo stranke sporazumno dogovoriti o podrobnostih, kot so mere, debelina, tip
površine, barva, profil, razred odpornosti proti obrabi za loščene ploščice in druge lastnosti.
Razpredelnica 1: Razvrstitev keramičnih ploščic po vpijanju vode in načinu oblikovanja
Skupina I Skupina II Skupina II Skupina III
a b
Način oblikovanja
E ≤≤≤≤ 3 % 3 % <<<< E ≤≤≤≤ 6 % 6 % <<<< E ≤≤≤≤ 10 % E >>>> 10 %
1) 1)
Skupina AII Skupina AII
a-1 b-1
Skupina AI Dodatek B Dodatek D Skupina AIII
A
1) 1)
Dodatek A Skupina AII Skupina AII Dodatek F
vlečene
a-2 b-2
Dodatek C Dodatek E
Skupina BI
a
E ≤ 0,5 %
2)
Dodatek G Skupina BII Skupina BII Skupina BIII
B a b
suho stiskane Skupina BI Dodatek J Dodatek K Dodatek L
b
0,5 %< E ≤ 3 %
Dodatek H
C
Skupina Skupina Skupina Skupina
ploščice, izdelane
3) 3) 3) 3)
po drugih
CI CII CII CIII
a b
postopkih
1)
Skupini AII in AII se delita v dva dela z različnimi proizvodnimi specifikacijami.
a b
2)
Skupina BIII zajema samo loščene ploščice. Proizvodnja suho stiskanih neloščenih ploščic, katerih vpojnost vode je
večja od 10 %, je zelo majhna in ne spadajo v to skupino.
3)
Mednarodni standard teh ploščic ne obravnava.
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SIST ISO 13006 : 1999
Razpredelnica 2: Zahtevane lastnosti za različne namene
Lastnosti Talne Stenske Preskus
Mere in kakovost površine Notranje Zunanje Notranje Zunanje Referenca
ISO 10545-2
Dolžina in širina xx xx
ISO 10545-2
Debelina x x x x
ISO 10545-2
Ravnost robov x x x x
ISO 10545-2
Pravokotnost x x x x
ISO 10545-2
Ravnost površine (ukrivljenost, xx xx
zvitost)
ISO 10545-2
Kakovost površine x x x x
Fizikalne lastnosti Notranje Zunanje Notranje Zunanje Referenca
ISO 10545-3
Vpojnost vode x x x x
ISO 10545-4
Zlomna sila x x x x
ISO 10545-4
Upogibna trdnost x x x x
Odpornost neloščenih ploščic
ISO 10545-6
proti globinski obrabi x x
Odpornost loščenih ploščic
ISO 10545-7
proti površinski obrabi x x
ISO 10545-17
Koeficient trenja x x
Odpornost loščenih ploščic
ISO 10545-11
proti lasastim razpokam x x x x
1)
ISO 10545-12
Odpornost proti zmrzovanju xx
ISO 10545-9
Odpornost proti temperaturnim xx xx
2)
spremembam
2)
ISO 10545-10
Raztezek zaradi vlage xx xx
ISO 10545-8
Linearni temperaturni xx xx
2)
raztezek
2)
ISO 10545-16
Majhne razlike v barvi xx xx
2)
ISO 10545-5
Odpornost proti udarcem xx
Kemične lastnosti Notranje Zunanje Notranje Zunanje Referenca
Odpornost proti nizkim
ISO 10545-13
koncentracijam kislin in alkalij x x x x
Odpornost proti visokim
2)
ISO 10545-13
koncentracijam kislin in alkalij xx xx
Odpornost proti gospodinjskim
ISO 10545-13
čistilom in solem za bazene xx xx
Izločanje svinca in kadmija iz
2)
ISO 10545-15
površine loščenih ploščic xx xx
Odpornost proti madežem:
ISO 10545-14
- loščene ploščice xx xx
2)
ISO 10545-14
- neloščene ploščice xx xx
1)
Velja za ploščice, ki so namenjene za okolje, kjer prihaja do zmrzovanja.
2)
Preskusne metode obstajajo.
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SIST ISO 13006 : 1999
koordinatna mera (C ) = proizvodna mera (W) + fuga (J)
proizvodna mera (W) = mera na vidni površini (a), (b) in debelina (d)
Slika 1: Ploščica
kjer je:
1 prostorski distančniki
koordinatna mera (C ) = proizvodna mera (W) + fuga (J)
proizvodna mera (W) = mera na vidni površini (a) in (b)
Slika 2: Ploščica s prostorskim distančnikom
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SIST ISO 13006 : 1999
Dodatek A
(obvezen)
E ≤≤ 3 % (skupina AI)
Vlečene keramične ploščice, ≤≤
A.1 Zahteve
Zahteve za mere in kakovost površine ter fizikalne in kemične lastnosti morajo biti skladne z
razpredelnico A.1.
Razpredelnica A.1: Zahteve za vlečene keramične ploščice, skupina AI, E ≤≤ 3 %
≤≤
Mere in kakovost površine Fine Rustikalne Preskus
Dolžina in širina
Proizvajalec mora izbrati naslednjo
proizvodno mero:
a) za modularne ploščice tako, da
dopušča nazivno širino fuge med
1)
3 in 11 mm
b) za nemodularne ploščice tako, da
razlika med nazivno in proizvodno
mero ni večja od ± 3 mm
Odklon povprečne velikosti glede na ± 1,0 % ± 2,0 %
proizvodne mere za vsako ploščico (2 ISO 10545-2
max. ± 2 mm max. ± 4 mm
ali 4 stranice) v %
Odklon povprečne velikosti vsake
ploščice (2 ali 4 stranice) glede na
± 1,0 % ± 1,5 % ISO 10545-2
povprečno velikost 10 preskusnih
vzorcev (20 ali 40 stranic) v %
Debelina
a) Debelino mora predpisati
proizvajalec
b) Odklon povprečne debeline za
vsako ploščico glede na proizvodno ± 10 % ± 10 % ISO 10545-2
debelino v %
2)
Ravnost robov (zgornjih strani)
Največji odklon ravnosti glede na ± 0,5 % ± 0,6 % ISO 10545-2
ustrezno proizvodno mero v %
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SIST ISO 13006 : 1999
Razpredelnica A.1: (nadaljevanje)
Mere in kakovost površine Fine Rustikalne Preskus
2)
Pravokotnost
Največji odklon pravokotnosti glede na
ustrezne proizvodne mere v % ± 1,0 % ± 1,0 % ISO 10545-2
Ravnost površine
Največji odklon od ravnosti v %
a) sredinska ukrivljenost glede na
diagonalo, izračunano iz ± 0,5 % ± 1,5 % ISO 10545-2
proizvodnih mer
b) ukrivljenost robov glede na ± 0,5 % ± 1,5 % ISO 10545-2
ustrezno proizvodno mero
c) zvitost glede na diagonalo, ± 0,8 % ± 1,5 % ISO 10545-2
izračunano iz proizvodnih mer
Najmanj 95 % ploščic ne sme imeti
3)
vidnih napak, ki bi lahko poslabšale ISO 10545-2
Kakovost površine
videz večje površine ploščic
Fizikalne lastnosti Fine Rustikalne Preskus
Vpojnost vode
≤ 3,0 %, ≤ 3,0 %,
ISO 10545-3
posamična posamična
8)
v m. %
max. 3,3 max. 3,3
Zlomna sila v N
ne manj kot 1100 ne m anj kot 1100 ISO 10545-4
a) debelina ≥ 7,5 mm
ne manj kot 600 ne manj kot 600 ISO 10545-4
b) debelina < 7,5 mm
2
Upogibna trdnost v N/mm min.23, min. 23,
posamična min. posamična min. ISO 10545-4
ne velja za ploščice z zlomno silo
18 18
≥ 3 000 N
Odpornost proti obrabi
a) Odpornost proti globinski obrabi za
neloščene ploščice: odstranjena max. 275 max. 275 ISO 10545-6
3
prostornina v mm
b) Odpornost proti površinski obrabi Navesti razred obrabe in število
4)
za loščene talne ploščice obratov ISO 10545-7
Koeficient linearnega toplotnega
5)
raztezka
o
od sobne temperature do 100 C Preskusna metoda obstaja ISO 10545-8
Odpornost proti temperaturnim Preskusna metoda obstaja ISO 10545-9
5)
spremembam
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SIST ISO 13006 : 1999
Razpredelnica A.1: (konec)
Fizikalne lastnosti Fine Rustikalne Preskus
Odpornost proti lasastim razpokam: Zahtevana ISO 10545-11
6)
loščene ploščice
Odpornost proti zmrzovanju Preskusna metoda obstaja ISO 10545-12
Koeficient trenja
Za talne ploščice Proizvajalec navede vrednost in ISO 10545-17
uporabljeno metodo
5)
Preskusna metoda obstaja ISO 10545-10
Raztezek zaradi vlage v mm/m
5)
Majhne barvne razlike Preskusna metoda obstaja ISO 10545-16
5)
Odpornost proti udarcem Preskusna metoda obstaja ISO 10545-5
Kemične lastnosti Preskus
Odpornost proti madežem
a) loščene ploščice min. 3 ISO 10545-14
5)
b) neloščene ploščice Preskusna metoda obstaja ISO 10545-14
Odpornost proti kemikalijam
Odpornost proti nizkim koncentracijam
kislin in alkalij
a) loščene ploščice Proizvajalec navede razvrstitev ISO 10545-13
7)
b) neloščene ploščice
Odpornost proti visokim Preskusna metoda obstaja ISO 10545-13
5)
koncentracijam kislin in alkalij
Odpornost proti gospodinjskim čistilom
in solem za plavalne bazene
a) loščene ploščice min GB ISO 10545-13
7)
b) neloščene ploščice min UB
5)
Izločanje svinca in kadmija Preskusna metoda obstaja ISO 10545-15
1) Za tradicionalne sisteme, ki temeljijo na nemodularnih merah, se lahko uporabi podobna širina fug.
2) Ne velja za ploščice ukrivljenih oblik.
3) Zaradi žganja neizogibno prihaja do sprememb standardne barve. To ne velja za namerne nepravilnosti barvnih variacij
vidne površine ploščic (ki so lahko loščene, neloščene ali delno loščene) ali za barvne variacije prek površine ploščice,
ki so značilne in zaželene za ta tip ploščice. Madeži ali barvne točke, ki se nanašajo zaradi dekoracije, niso napake.
4) Pri razvrščanju vseh loščenih talnih ploščic po odpornosti proti obrabi se je mogoče sklicevati na informativni dodatek N
tega standarda.
5) Pri zahtevah, ki niso obvezne, temveč so navedene kot “preskusna metoda obstaja”, se je mogoče sklicevati na
informativni dodatek P tega standarda.
6) Nekateri dekorativni efekti lošča imajo lahko namerno lasaste razpoke. V tem primeru mora proizvajalec to navesti;
preskus odpornosti proti lasastim razpokam, podan v ISO 10545-11, se ne izvaja.
7) Če se barvni odtenek rahlo spremeni, se to ne obravnava kot kemično delovanje.
8) Popolnoma zastekljena ploščica je ploščica, katere največja posamična vrednost vpojnost vode ne presega vrednosti
0,5 % (včasih opisana tudi kot neprepustna).
15
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SIST ISO 13006 : 1999
A.2 Vzorčenje in osnove za sprejem
Vzorčenje in osnove za sprejem morajo biti skladni z zahtevami ISO 10545-1.
A.3 Označevanje in specifikacije
A.3.1 Označevanje
Ploščica in/ali embalaža mora imeti naslednje oznake:
a) oznako proizvajalca in/ali prodajno oznako in državo porekla
b) oznako kakovosti I. razreda
c) tip ploščice in sklicevanje na ustrezen dodatek standarda ISO 13006
d) nazivno in proizvodno mero in oznake za modularno (M) in proizvodno mero (W)
e) tip površine, npr. loščena (GL) ali neloščena (UGL)
A.3.2 Spremni dokumenti
V spremnih dokumentih morajo biti za talne ploščice navedeni:
a) rezultati, dobljeni v skladu z ISO 10545-17
b) razred obrabe za loščene ploščice
Opomba: Glej tudi dodatek M za informativne simbole.
A.3.3 Specifikacije
Ploščice morajo biti podrobneje opisane z naslednjimi oznakami:
a) metoda oblikovanja
b) dodatek standarda ISO 13006, ki obravnava posamezen razred ploščic
c) nazivno in proizvodno mero in oznake za modularno (M) in proizvodno mero (W)
d) tip površine: loščena (GL) ali neloščena (UGL)
Primera:
Fina vlečena ploščica ISO 13006:1998, Dodatek A
AI M25 cm x 12,5 cm (W 240 mm x 115 mm x 10 mm) GL
Rustikalna vlečena ploščica ISO 13006:1998, Dodatek A
AI 15 cm x 15 cm (W 150 mm x 150 mm x 12,5 mm) UGL
A.4 Naročilo
Pri naročilu se morajo stranke sporazumno dogovoriti o podrobnostih, kot so mere, d
...
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