Mineral oil-impregnated electrical equipment in service - Guide to the interpretation of dissolved and free gases analysis

Describes how the concentrations of dissolved gases or free gases may be interpreted to diagnose the condition of oil-filled electrical equipment in service and suggests future action. Applicable to electrical equipment filled with mineral insulating oil and insulated with cellulosic paper or pressboard-based solid insulation. Information about specific types of equipment such as transformers (power, instrument, industrial, railways, distribution), reactors, bushings, switchgear and oil-filled cables is given only as an indication in the application notes. May be applied only with caution to other liquid-solid insulating systems. In any case, the indications obtained should be viewed only as guidance and any resulting action should be undertaken only with proper engineering judgement.

Matériels électriques imprégnés d'huile minérale en service - Guide pour l'interprétation de l'analyse des gaz dissous et des gaz libres

Décrit comment les concentrations de gaz dissous ou de gaz libres peuvent être interprétées pour diagnostiquer l'état des matériels électriques remplis d'huile en service et pour proposer une intervention ultérieure. S'applique aux matériels électriques remplis d'huile minérale isolante et isolés par des isolants solides constitués de papier ou de carton cellulosiques. Des informations spécifiques aux différents types de matériels tels que transformateurs (de puissance, de mesure, industriels, ferroviaires, de distribution), réactances, traversées, appareillage de coupure et câbles à l'huile sont données, à titre informatif seulement, dans les note d'application. Peut être appliqué, mais avec prudence, à d'autres systèmes d'isolation liquide-solide.

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Status
Published
Publication Date
14-May-2007
Current Stage
DELPUB - Deleted Publication
Completion Date
16-Sep-2015
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NORME
CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
INTERNATIONAL
Deuxième édition
STANDARD
Second edition
1999-03
Matériels électriques imprégnés d’huile minérale
en service –
Guide pour l’interprétation de l’analyse des gaz
dissous et des gaz libres
Mineral oil-impregnated electrical equipment
in service –
Guide to the interpretation of dissolved
and free gases analysis
Numéro de référence
Reference number
CEI/IEC 60599:1999
Numéros des publications Numbering

Depuis le 1er janvier 1997, les publications de la CEI As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are

sont numérotées à partir de 60000. issued with a designation in the 60000 series.

Publications consolidées Consolidated publications

Les versions consolidées de certaines publications de Consolidated versions of some IEC publications
la CEI incorporant les amendements sont disponibles. including amendments are available. For example,

Par exemple, les numéros d’édition 1.0, 1.1 et 1.2 edition numbers 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to

indiquent respectivement la publication de base, la the base publication, the base publication incor-
publication de base incorporant l’amendement 1, et porating amendment 1 and the base publication
la publication de base incorporant les amendements 1 incorporating amendments 1 and 2.

et 2.
Validité de la présente publication Validity of this publication
Le contenu technique des publications de la CEI est The technical content of IEC publications is kept under
constamment revu par la CEI afin qu'il reflète l'état constant review by the IEC, thus ensuring that the
actuel de la technique. content reflects current technology.
Des renseignements relatifs à la date de reconfir- Information relating to the date of the reconfirmation of
mation de la publication sont disponibles dans le the publication is available in the IEC catalogue.
Catalogue de la CEI.
Les renseignements relatifs à des questions à l’étude et Information on the subjects under consideration and
des travaux en cours entrepris par le comité technique work in progress undertaken by the technical
qui a établi cette publication, ainsi que la liste des committee which has prepared this publication, as well
publications établies, se trouvent dans les documents ci- as the list of publications issued, is to be found at the
dessous: following IEC sources:
• «Site web» de la CEI* • IEC web site*
• Catalogue des publications de la CEI • Catalogue of IEC publications
Publié annuellement et mis à jour régulièrement Published yearly with regular updates
(Catalogue en ligne)* (On-line catalogue)*
• Bulletin de la CEI • IEC Bulletin
Disponible à la fois au «site web» de la CEI* Available both at the IEC web site* and
et comme périodique imprimé as a printed periodical
Terminologie, symboles graphiques Terminology, graphical and letter
et littéraux symbols
En ce qui concerne la terminologie générale, le lecteur For general terminology, readers are referred to
se reportera à la CEI 60050: Vocabulaire Electro- IEC 60050: International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
technique International (VEI). (IEV).
Pour les symboles graphiques, les symboles littéraux For graphical symbols, and letter symbols and signs
et les signes d'usage général approuvés par la CEI, le approved by the IEC for general use, readers are
lecteur consultera la CEI 60027: Symboles littéraux à referred to publications IEC 60027: Letter symbols to
utiliser en électrotechnique, la CEI 60417: Symboles be used in electrical technology, IEC 60417: Graphical
graphiques utilisables sur le matériel. Index, relevé et symbols for use on equipment. Index, survey and

compilation des feuilles individuelles, et la CEI 60617: compilation of the single sheets and IEC 60617:
Symboles graphiques pour schémas. Graphical symbols for diagrams.
* Voir adresse «site web» sur la page de titre. * See web site address on title page.

NORME
CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
INTERNATIONAL
Deuxième édition
STANDARD
Second edition
1999-03
Matériels électriques imprégnés d’huile minérale
en service –
Guide pour l’interprétation de l’analyse des gaz
dissous et des gaz libres
Mineral oil-impregnated electrical equipment
in service –
Guide to the interpretation of dissolved
and free gases analysis
 IEC 1999 Droits de reproduction réservés  Copyright - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photo- including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in
copie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. writing from the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission 3, rue de Varembé Geneva, Switzerland
Telefax: +41 22 919 0300 e-mail: inmail@iec.ch IEC web site http://www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
PRICE CODE V
International Electrotechnical Commission
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue

– 2 – 60599 © CEI:1999
SOMMAIRE
Pages
AVANT-PROPOS . 4

INTRODUCTION . 6

Articles
1 Domaine d’application . 8

2 Références normatives. 8
3 Définitions et abréviations . 8
4 Mécanismes de formation des gaz. 14
5 Identification des défauts. 16
6 Conditions de calcul des rapports . 26
7 Application aux gaz libres recueillis aux relais de protection. 28
8 Niveaux en service des concentrations de gaz. 30
9 Méthode recommandée pour l’interprétation des AGD (figure 1). 36
10 Rapport des résultats . 36
Annexe A (informative) Notes d’application aux matériels. 42
Annexe B (informative) Représentations graphiques des rapports de gaz . 62
Annexe C (informative) Bibliographie . 68
Figure 1 – Ordinogramme . 40
Figure B.1 – Représentation graphique n° 1 des rapports de gaz. 62
Figure B.2 – Représentation graphique n° 2 des rapports de gaz. 64
Figure B.3 – Représentation graphique n° 3 des rapports de gaz – Triangle de Duval. 66

60599 © IEC:1999 – 3 –
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD . 5

INTRODUCTION . 7

Clause
1 Scope .9

2 Normative references . 9
3 Definitions and abbreviations. 9
4 Mechanisms of gas formation. 15
5 Identification of faults . 17
6 Conditions for calculating ratios. 27
7 Application to free gases in gas relays. 29
8 Gas concentration levels in service. 31
9 Recommended method of DGA interpretation (figure 1) . 37
10 Report of results . 37
Annex A (informative) Equipment application notes . 43
Annex B (informative) Graphical representation of gas ratios . 63
Annex C (informative) Bibliography . 69
Figure 1 – Flow chart . 41
Figure B.1 – Graphical representation 1 of gas ratios . 63
Figure B.2 – Graphical representation 2 of gas ratios . 65
Figure B.3 – Graphical representation 3 of gas ratios – Duval's triangle. 67

– 4 – 60599 © CEI:1999
COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE

_________
MATÉRIELS ÉLECTRIQUES IMPRÉGNÉS D’HUILE MINÉRALE EN SERVICE –

GUIDE POUR L’INTERPRÉTATION DE L’ANALYSE DES GAZ DISSOUS

ET DES GAZ LIBRES
AVANT-PROPOS
1) La CEI (Commission Electrotechnique Internationale) est une organisation mondiale de normalisation composée
de l'ensemble des comités électrotechniques nationaux (Comités nationaux de la CEI). La CEI a pour objet de
favoriser la coopération internationale pour toutes les questions de normalisation dans les domaines de
l'électricité et de l'électronique. A cet effet, la CEI, entre autres activités, publie des Normes internationales.
Leur élaboration est confiée à des comités d'études, aux travaux desquels tout Comité national intéressé par le
sujet traité peut participer. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en
liaison avec la CEI, participent également aux travaux. La CEI collabore étroitement avec l'Organisation
Internationale de Normalisation (ISO), selon des conditions fixées par accord entre les deux organisations.
2) Les décisions ou accords officiels de la CEI concernant les questions techniques représentent, dans la mesure
du possible un accord international sur les sujets étudiés, étant donné que les Comités nationaux intéressés
sont représentés dans chaque comité d’études.
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comme normes, rapports techniques ou guides et agréés comme tels par les Comités nationaux.
4) Dans le but d'encourager l'unification internationale, les Comités nationaux de la CEI s'engagent à appliquer de
façon transparente, dans toute la mesure possible, les Normes internationales de la CEI dans leurs normes
nationales et régionales. Toute divergence entre la norme de la CEI et la norme nationale ou régionale
correspondante doit être indiquée en termes clairs dans cette dernière.
5) La CEI n’a fixé aucune procédure concernant le marquage comme indication d’approbation et sa responsabilité
n’est pas engagée quand un matériel est déclaré conforme à l’une de ses normes.
6) L’attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments de la présente Norme internationale peuvent faire
l’objet de droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. La CEI ne saurait être tenue pour
responsable de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et de ne pas avoir signalé leur existence.
La Norme internationale CEI 60599 a été établie par le comité d’études 10 de la CEI: Fluides
pour applications électrotechniques.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 1978. Cette deuxième
édition constitue une révision technique.
Le texte de cette norme est issu des documents suivants:

FDIS Rapport de vote
10/450/FDIS 10/460/RVD
Le rapport de vote indiqué dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute information sur le vote ayant
abouti à l'approbation de cette norme.
Les annexes A, B et C sont données à titre d’information uniquement.

60599 © IEC:1999 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

_________
MINERAL OIL-IMPREGNATED ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT IN SERVICE –

GUIDE TO THE INTERPRETATION OF DISSOLVED AND

FREE GASES ANALYSIS
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is
entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may
participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization
for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two
organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form
of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard
...


IEC 60599
Edition 2.1 2007-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Mineral oil-impregnated electrical equipment in service – Guide to the
interpretation of dissolved and free gases analysis

Matériels électriques imprégnés d'huile minérale en service – Guide pour
l'interprétation de l'analyse des gaz dissous et des gaz libres

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by

any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or

IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

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ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie
et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de la CEI ou du Comité national de la CEI du pays du demandeur.

Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de la CEI ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette

publication, utilisez les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de la CEI de votre pays de résidence.

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IEC 60599
Edition 2.1 2007-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Mineral oil-impregnated electrical equipment in service – Guide to the
interpretation of dissolved and free gases analysis

Matériels électriques imprégnés d'huile minérale en service – Guide pour
l'interprétation de l'analyse des gaz dissous et des gaz libres

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CL
CODE PRIX
ICS 17.220.99; 29.040.10; 29.180 ISBN 2-8318-9145-0

– 2 – 60599 © IEC:1999+A1:2007

CONTENTS
FOREWORD.3

INTRODUCTION.4

1 Scope.5

2 Normative references .5

3 Definitions and abbreviations .5

4 Mechanisms of gas formation .8
5 Identification of faults.9
6 Conditions for calculating ratios .14
7 Application to free gases in gas relays .15
8 Gas concentration levels in service .16
9 Recommended method of DGA interpretation (figure 1).19
10 Report of results .19

Annex A (informative) Equipment application notes .22
Annex B (informative) Graphical representation of gas ratios (see 5.9) .32
Annex C (informative) Bibliography .35

Figure 1 – Flow chart .21
Figure B.1 – Graphical representation 1 of gas ratios .32
Figure B.2 – Graphical representation 2 of gas ratios .33
Figure B.3 – Graphical representation 3 of gas ratios – Duval's triangle .34

60599 © IEC:1999+A1:2007 – 3 –

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

_________
MINERAL OIL-IMPREGNATED ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT IN SERVICE –

GUIDE TO THE INTERPRETATION OF DISSOLVED AND

FREE GASES ANALYSIS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
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transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
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equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
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7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
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9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

International Standard IEC 60599 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 10: Fluids for
electrotechnical applications.
This consolidated version of IEC 60599 consists of the second edition (1999) [documents
10/450/FDIS and 10/460/RVD] and its amendment 1 (2007) [documents 10/685/FDIS and
10/693/RVD].
The technical content is therefore identical to the base edition and its amendment(s) and has
been prepared for user convenience.
It bears the edition number 2.1.
A vertical line in the margin shows where the base publication has been modified by
amendment 1.
Annexes A, B and C are for information only.

– 4 – 60599 © IEC:1999+A1:2007

INTRODUCTION
Dissolved and free gas analysis (DGA) is one of the most widely used diagnostic tools for

detecting and evaluating faults in electrical equipment. However, interpretation of DGA results

is often complex and should always be done with care, involving experienced insulation

maintenance personnel.
This guide gives information for facilitating this interpretation. The first edition, published in

1978, has served the industry well, but had its limitations, such as the absence of a diagnosis

in some cases, the absence of concentration levels and the fact that it was based mainly on

experience gained from power transformers. This second edition attempts to address some of
these shortcomings. Interpretation schemes are based on observations made after inspection
of a large number of faulty oil-filled equipment in service and concentrations levels deduced
from analyses collected worldwide.

60599 © IEC:1999+A1:2007 – 5 –

MINERAL OIL-IMPREGNATED ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT IN SERVICE –

GUIDE TO THE INTERPRETATION OF DISSOLVED AND

FREE GASES ANALYSIS
1 Scope
This International Standard is a guide describing how the concentrations of dissolved gases or

free gases may be interpreted to diagnose the condition of oil-filled electrical equipment in

service and suggest future action.

This guide is applicable to electrical equipment filled with mineral insulating oil and insulated
with cellulosic paper or pressboard-based solid insulation. Information about specific types of
equipment such as transformers (power, instrument, industrial, railways, distribution), reactors,
bushings, switchgear and oil-filled cables is given only as an indication in the application notes
(see annex A).
The Guide may be applied only with caution to other liquid-solid insulating systems.
In any case, the indications obtained should be viewed only as guidance and any resulting
action should be undertaken only with proper engineering judgment.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions
indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to
agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility
of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members of
IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
IEC 60050(191):1990, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 191: Depen-
dability and quality of service
IEC 60050(212):1990, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 212: Insulating
solids
...

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