EN IEC 62657-2:2025

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2025
Industrijska omrežja - Soobstoj brezžičnih sistemov - 2. del: Upravljanje soobstoja
(IEC 62657-2:2025)
Industrial networks - Coexistence of wireless systems - Part 2: Coexistence management
(IEC 62657-2:2025)
Industrielle Kommunikationsnetze - Koexistenz von Funksystemen - Teil 2: Koexistenz-
Management (IEC 62657-2:2025)
Réseaux industriels - Coexistence des systèmes sans fil - Partie 2: Gestion de
coexistence (IEC 62657-2:2025)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 62657-2:2025
ICS:
25.040.40 Merjenje in krmiljenje Industrial process
industrijskih postopkov measurement and control
35.110 Omreževanje Networking
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 62657-2

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM April 2025
ICS 25.040.40; 33.040; 35.100 Supersedes EN IEC 62657-2:2022
English Version
Industrial networks - Coexistence of wireless systems - Part 2:
Coexistence management
(IEC 62657-2:2025)
Réseaux industriels - Coexistence des systèmes sans fil - Industrielle Kommunikationsnetze - Koexistenz von
Partie 2: Gestion de coexistence Funksystemen - Teil 2: Koexistenzmanagement
(IEC 62657-2:2025) (IEC 62657-2:2025)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2025-03-21. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Türkiye and the United Kingdom.

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2025 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 62657-2:2025 E

European foreword
The text of document 65C/1329/FDIS, future edition 4 of IEC 62657-2, prepared by SC 65C "Industrial
networks" of IEC/TC 65 "Industrial-process measurement, control and automation" was submitted to
the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN IEC 62657-2:2025.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2026-04-30
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2028-04-30
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN IEC 62657-2:2022 and all of its amendments and corrigenda (if any).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62657-2:2025 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standard indicated:
IEC 62591:2016 NOTE Approved as EN 62591:2016 (not modified)
IEC 62601 NOTE Approved as EN 62601
IEC 62734:2014 NOTE Approved as EN 62734:2015 (not modified)
IEC 61784-1 series NOTE Approved as EN IEC 61784-1 series
IEC 61784-2 series NOTE Approved as EN IEC 61784-2 series
IEC 60050 series NOTE Approved as EN IEC 60050 series
IEC 62890:2020 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 62890:2020 (not modified)
IEC 61918:2018 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 61918:2018 (not modified) +A11:2019
IEC 61158-2:2023 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 61158-2:2023 (not modified)
IEC 61360 series NOTE Approved as EN 61360 series

Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: prEN IEC 60050 series.
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1  Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod),
the relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2  Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cencenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 62443 series Security for industrial automation and EN IEC 62443 series
control systems
IEC 62657-1 2017 Industrial communication networks - EN 62657-1 2017
Wireless communication networks - Part 1:
Wireless communication requirements and
spectrum considerations
IEC 62657-3 2022 Industrial communication networks - EN IEC 62657-3 2022
Coexistence of wireless systems - Formal
description of the automated coexistence
management and application guidance
IEC 62657-4 2025 Industrial networks - Coexistence of EN IEC 62657-4 2025
wireless systems - Part 4: Coexistence
management with central coordination of
wireless applications
IEC 62657-2 ®
Edition 4.0 2025-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Industrial networks – Coexistence of wireless systems –

Part 2: Coexistence management

Réseaux industriels – Coexistence des systèmes sans fil –

Partie 2: Gestion de coexistence

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 25.040.40, 33.040, 35.100 ISBN 978-2-8327-0193-5

– 2 – IEC 62657-2:2025 © IEC 2025
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 7
INTRODUCTION . 9
1 Scope . 11
2 Normative references . 11
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviated terms and conventions . 12
3.1 Terms and definitions . 12
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 27
3.3 Conventions . 28
4 Coexistence concept in industrial automation . 28
4.1 Overview. 28
4.2 Objective . 30
4.3 Necessity to implement a coexistence management . 32
4.4 Interference potential . 33
4.5 Ancillary conditions . 35
4.6 Requirements to wireless devices for support of coexistence management . 36
4.7 Concepts . 36
4.7.1 Manual coexistence management . 36
4.7.2 Automated non-collaborative coexistence management . 37
4.7.3 Automated collaborative coexistence management . 37
4.8 Best practices to achieve coexistence . 38
4.9 Coexistence conceptual model . 40
4.10 Coexistence management and selection of a wireless solution . 42
4.11 Coexistence management system . 44
5 Coexistence management parameters . 44
5.1 General . 44
5.1.1 Definition and usage of parameters . 44
5.1.2 Physical link . 44
5.2 Adjacent channel selectivity . 45
5.3 Antenna gain . 45
5.4 Antenna radiation pattern . 45
5.5 Antenna type . 45
5.6 Communication availability . 46
5.7 Communication reliability . 46
5.8 Bit rate of physical link . 46
5.9 Blocked frequency list . 46
5.10 Centre frequency . 46
5.11 Area of operation . 47
5.12 Communication load . 47
5.13 Cut-off frequency . 49
5.14 Data throughput . 50
5.15 Distance between wireless devices . 50
5.16 Duty cycle . 51
5.17 Dwell time . 53
5.18 Equivalent isotropic radiated power. 54
5.19 Equivalent radiated power . 54
5.20 Frequency band . 54

IEC 62657-2:2025 © IEC 2025 – 3 –
5.21 Frequency bandwidth . 54
5.22 Frequency channel . 55
5.23 Frequency hopping sequence . 55
5.24 Future expansion plan . 56
5.25 Geographical dimension of the plant . 56
5.26 Infrastructure device . 56
5.27 Initiation of data transmission . 56
5.28 Interference type . 56
5.29 Intervisibility. 57
5.30 ISM application . 57
5.31 Length of user data per transfer interval. 57
5.32 Limitation from neighbours of the plant . 57
5.33 Maximum number of retransmissions . 57
5.34 Mechanism for adaptivity . 58
5.35 Medium access control mechanism . 58
5.36 Medium utilization factor . 58
5.37 Message . 59
5.38 Modulation . 59
5.39 Natural environmental condition . 59
5.40 Network topology . 59
5.41 Number of consecutive lost messages . 60
5.42 Object movement . 60
5.43 Operating time between failures . 60
5.44 Message loss ratio . 60
5.45 Position of wireless devices . 61
5.46 Power spectral density . 61
5.47 Purpose of the automation application . 62
5.48 Receiver blocking . 62
5.49 Receiver maximum input level . 62
5.50 Receiver sensitivity . 62
5.51 Regional radio regulations . 62
5.52 Relative movement . 63
5.53 Response time . 63
5.54 Security level . 63
5.55 Spatial coverage of the wireless communication system . 64
5.56 Spatial extent of the application . 64
5.57 Spurious response . 64
5.58 Survival time . 64
5.59 Total radiated power . 64
5.60 Transfer interval . 64
5.61 Transmission gap . 65
5.62 Transmission time . 66
5.63 Transmitter output power . 69
5.64 Transmitter sequence . 69
5.65 Transmitter spectral mask . 71
5.66 Update time . 71
5.67 Wireless device density . 72
5.68 Wireless device type information . 72
5.69 Wireless communication solution density . 73

– 4 – IEC 62657-2:2025 © IEC 2025
5.70 Wireless technology or standard . 73
6 Coexistence management information structures . 73
6.1 General . 73
6.2 General plant characteristic . 75
6.2.1 General . 75
6.2.2 General plant characteristic . 75
6.2.3 Passive environmental influences . 76
6.2.4 Active environmental influences . 76
6.3 Application communication requirements . 77
6.3.1 Overview . 77
6.3.2 Requirements influencing the characteristic of wireless solutions . 78
6.3.3 Performance requirements . 79
6.4 Wireless system type and wireless device type . 79
6.4.1 Overview . 79
6.4.2 Wireless system type . 80
6.4.3 Wireless device type . 80
6.5 Wireless solution . 83
6.5.1 Overview . 83
6.5.2 Wireless system solution . 83
6.5.3 Wireless device solution . 84
6.6 Application related characteristic parameters . 85
6.7 Radio environment related performance parameters . 86
6.8 Wireless communication solution related performance parameters . 87
7 Coexistence management process . 88
7.1 General . 88
7.1.1 Overview . 88
7.1.2 Documentation . 89
7.1.3 Suitable documentation method . 90
7.1.4 Application of tools . 91
7.2 Establishment of a coexistence management system . 91
7.2.1 Nomination of a coexistence manager . 91
7.2.2 Responsibility of a coexistence manager . 92
7.2.3 Support by wireless experts . 92
7.2.4 Training . 92
7.3 Maintaining coexistence management system . 93
7.4 Phases of a coexistence management process . 93
7.4.1 Investigation phase . 93
7.4.2 Planning phase . 96
7.4.3 Implementation phase. 98
7.4.4 Operation phase . 99
8 Coexistence parameter templates . 101
Annex A (normative) Parameter usage in the IEC 62657 series . 108
A.1 General . 108
A.2 Outline of the IEC 62657 series . 108
A.3 Parameter usage in coexistence management process in IEC 62657-2 . 108
A.4 Parameters usage among the IEC 62657 series . 111
Bibliography . 113

IEC 62657-2:2025 © IEC 2025 – 5 –
Figure 1 – Issues of consideration . 31
Figure 2 – Applications using frequency spectrum . 31
Figure 3 – Progression of expense to achieve coexistence corresponding to the
application classes . 36
Figure 4 – Separation of wireless systems according to frequency and time . 39
Figure 5 – Coexistence conceptual model . 41
Figure 6 – Flow chart of the coexistence conceptual model . 42
Figure 7 – Selection of a wireless system in the coexistence management process . 43
Figure 8 – Communication load in case of two wireless devices . 48
Figure 9 – Communication load in the case of several wireless devices . 49
Figure 10 – Cut-off frequencies derived from maximum power level . 50
Figure 11 – Distance of the wireless devices . 51
Figure 12 – Duty cycle . 52
Figure 13 – Maximum dwell time . 53
Figure 14 – Power spectral density of an IEEE Std.802.15.4 system . 61
Figure 15 – Communication cycle, application event interval and machine cycle . 65
Figure 16 – Transmission gap . 66
Figure 17 – Example of the density functions of transmission time . 67
Figure 18 – Example of the distribution functions of transmission time . 68
Figure 19 – Transmitter sequence . 70
Figure 20 – Transmitter spectral mask of an IEEE Std.802.15.4 system . 71
Figure 21 – Example of distribution functions of the update time . 72
Figure 22 – Principle for use of coexistence parameters . 75
Figure 23 – Parameters to describe the general plant characteristic . 75
Figure 24 – Parameters to describe application communication requirements . 78
Figure 25 – Parameters to describe wireless system type and device type . 79
Figure 26 – Example of power spectral density and transmitter spectral mask . 81
Figure 27 – Example of medium utilization in time and frequency . 82
Figure 28 – Parameters to describe a wireless communication solution . 83
Figure 29 – Planning of a wireless system in the coexistence management process . 97
Figure 30 – Implementation and operation of a wireless system in the coexistence
management process . 100
Figure A.1 – Usage of parameters in IEC 62657-2 . 109
Figure A.2 – Parameter usage among the IEC 62657 series . 111

Table 1 – Example of a classification of application communication requirements . 30
Table 2 – Application profile dependent observation time values . 52
Table 3 – Parameter options for frequency channel . 55
Table 4 – Hierarchy of the characteristic parameters . 74
Table 5 – List of parameters used to describe the general plant characteristic . 76
Table 6 – List of parameters used to describe the passive environmental influences . 76
Table 7 – List of parameters used to describe the active environmental influences . 76
Table 8 – List of parameters used to describe the interference type . 77

– 6 – IEC 62657-2:2025 © IEC 2025
Table 9 – List of parameters used to describe the requirements influencing the
characteristic of wireless solutions . 78
Table 10 – List of characteristic parameters . 79
Table 11 – List of parameters used to describe the wireless system type . 80
Table 12 – List of parameters used to describe the transmitter of a wireless device
type 82
Table 13 – List of parameters used to describe the receiver of a wireless device type . 83
Table 14 – List of parameters used to describe a wireless solution . 84
Table 15 – List of general parameters used to describe the wireless device solution . 84
Table 16 – List of parameters used to describe the transmitter of a wireless device
solution . 85
Table 17 – List of parameters used to describe the receiver of a wireless device
solution . 85
Table 18 – List of relevant characteristic parameters of wireless solutions . 86
Table 19 – List of relevant statistical values of characteristic parameters . 86
Table 20 – List of radio environment related performance parameters . 87
Table 21 – List of wireless communication solution related performance parameters . 88
Table 22 – Template used to describe the general plant characteristic . 102
Table 23 – Template used to describe the application communication requirements . 103
Table 24 – Template used to describe the wireless system type . 104
Table 25 – Template used to describe a wireless device type . 104
Table 26 – Template used to describe the wireless system solution . 105
Table 27 – Template used to describe a wireless device solution . 106
Table 28 – Template used to describe the relevant characteristic parameters of
wireless solutions . 106
Table 29 – Template used to describe the relevant statistical values of characteristic
parameters . 107
Table 30 – Template used to describe an interference type . 107
Table A.1 – Example for parameters usage in coexistence management process . 110

IEC 62657-2:2025 © IEC 2025 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
INDUSTRIAL NETWORKS –
COEXISTENCE OF WIRELESS SYSTEMS –

Part 2: Coexistence management

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) IEC draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in
respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, IEC had not received notice of (a) patent(s), which
may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent
the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at https://patents.iec.ch. IEC
shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 62657-2 has been prepared by subcommittee 65C: Industrial networks, of IEC technical
committee 65: Industrial-process measurement, control and automation. It is an International
Standard.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2022. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) alignment of some definitions and specifications of coexistence parameters in order to
facilitate their future inclusion in the IEC Common Data Dictionary (IEC CDD) maintained
by the IEC;
– 8 – IEC 62657-2:2025 © IEC 2025
b) alignment of some definitions and specifications to be consistent with the new IEC 62657-3
and IEC 62657-4;
c) edition 3 of this document was published in June 2022. Some comments were made in the
last development stages of this document asking for explanations on how the parts of the
IEC 62657 series were structured and how they were related to each other. Resolution of
these comments was deferred until a next edition, which means this edition.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
65C/1329/FDIS 65C/1337/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all the parts of the IEC 62657 series, under the general title Industrial networks –
Coexistence of wireless systems, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn, or
• revised.
IEC 62657-2:2025 © IEC 2025 – 9 –
INTRODUCTION
The overall market for wireless communication solutions spans a range of diverse applications,
with differing performance and functional requirements. Within this overall market, the industrial
automation domain could include:
• process automation, covering for example the following industry branches:
– oil and gas, refining,
– chemical,
– pharmaceutical,
– mining,
– pulp and paper,
– water and wastewater,
– steel,
• electric power such as:
– power generation (for example wind turbine),
– power transmission and distribution (grid),
• factory automation, covering for example the following industry branches:
– food and beverage,
– automotive,
– machinery,
– semiconductor.
Industrial automation requirements for wireless communication systems are different from those
of, for example, the telecommunications, commercial and consumer markets. These industrial
automation requirements are identified and provided in IEC 62657-1.
Industrial premises can contain a variety of wireless communication technologies and other
sources of radio emissions.
This document is intended for designers and persons responsible for production and process
plants, system integrators and mechanical engineers having to integrate and start up wireless
systems in machines and plants, and producers of industrial wireless solutions. In particular, it
is intended to motivate the exchange of information between automation and radio engineers.
Many wireless industrial automation applications are also located in physical environments over
which the operator/owner can exert control, that is, within a physical facility where the presence
and operation of all radio emitting devices are under the control of a single entity. This allows
wireless management strategies to be employed which are not feasible for equipment installed
in public or other unmanaged areas.

– 10 – IEC 62657-2:2025 © IEC 2025
In industrial automation, many different wireless communication systems can operate in the
same premises. Examples of these communication systems are IEC 62591 [1]
®2
(WirelessHART ), IEC 62601 [2] (WIA-PA) and IEC 62734 [3] (ISA100.11a). All these
communication systems use IEEE 802.15.4 [4] for the process automation applications. Other
examples of wireless communication systems are specified in the IEC 61784-1 series [5] and
IEC 61784-2 series [6] CP that use IEEE 802.11 [7] and IEEE 802.15.1 [8] for factory
automation applications. Different to wired fieldbuses, the wireless communication devices can
interfere with others on the same premises or environment, disturbing each other. Other sources
of radio energy in these bands, often at high energy levels, include radiated process heating,
plastic welding, plasma lamps, and microwave irradiation devices.
Clearly, without a means to manage the coexistence of these varied emitters, it would be
problematic to ensure that wireless systems meet the time-criticality and other performance
requirements of industrial automation.
This document describes the management of independent radio sources that use the same
transmission medium. The management within a wireless communication system is not the
subject of this document. It is assumed that the standard of a wireless system regulates it, for
example by a medium access control mechanism.
The IEC 62657 series has four parts:
• Part 1: Wireless communication requirements and spectrum considerations,
• Part 2: Coexistence management,
• Part 3: Formal description of the automated coexistence management and application
guidance,
• Part 4: Coexistence management with central coordination of wireless applications.
IEC 62657-1 provides general requirements for industrial automation and spectrum
considerations that are the basis for industrial communication solutions. This document
specifies the coexistence management of wireless devices to ensure predicable performance.
It is intended to facilitate harmonization of future adjustments to international, national, and
local regulations.
This document provides the coexistence management concept and process. Based on the
coexistence management process, a predictable assuredness of coexistence can be achieved
for a given spectrum with certain application requirements. This document describes principles
to manage the potential mutual interference that could occur due to the operation of multiple
wireless devices in a plant.
This document provides guidance to the users of wireless systems on selection and proper use
of wireless systems. To provide suitable wireless devices to the market, it also serves vendors
in describing the behaviours of wireless devices to build wireless systems matching the
application requirements.
This document is based on analyses of a number of International Standards, which focus on
specific technologies. The intention of this document is not to invent new parameters but to use
already defined ones and to be technology independent.

___________
Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.
2 ®
WirelessHART is the registered trade name of the FieldComm Group, see www.fieldcommgroup.org. This
information is given for the convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by
IEC of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.

IEC 62657-2:2025 © IEC 2025 – 11 –
INDUSTRIAL NETWORKS –
COEXISTENCE OF WIRELESS SYSTEMS –

Part 2: Coexistence management
...