EN 13001-3-6:2018
(Main)Cranes - General design - Part 3-6: Limit states and proof of competence of machinery - Hydraulic cylinders
Cranes - General design - Part 3-6: Limit states and proof of competence of machinery - Hydraulic cylinders
This European Standard is to be used together with EN 13001-1, EN 13001-2 and EN 13001-3-1 as well as pertinent crane type product EN standards, and as such they specify general conditions, requirements and methods to, by design and theoretical verification, prevent mechanical hazards of hydraulic cylinders that are part of the load carrying structures of cranes. Hydraulic piping, hoses and connectors used with the cylinders, as well as cylinders made from other material than carbon steel, are not within the scope of this standard.
The following are significant hazardous situations and hazardous events that could result in risks to persons during intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse. Clauses 4 to 7 of this standard are necessary to reduce or eliminate risks associated with the following hazards:
a) exceeding the limits of strength (yield, ultimate, fatigue);
b) elastic instability (column buckling).
NOTE EN 13001-3-6 deals only with the limit state method in accordance with EN 13001-1.
Krane - Konstruktion allgemein - Teil 3-6: Grenzzustände und Sicherheitsnachweis von Maschinenbauteilen - Hydraulikzylinder
Diese Europäische Norm ist gemeinsam mit EN 13001-1, EN 13001-2 und EN 13001-3-1 anzuwenden sowie mit den einschlägigen EN-Produktnormen für Krane, die allgemeine Bedingungen, Anforderungen und Methoden festlegen, um so anhand der Konstruktion und der theoretischen Verifizierung mechanische Gefährdungen der Hydraulikzylinder, die Teil der lasttragenden Struktur von Kranen sind, zu verhindern. Hydraulikleitungen, -schläuche und -anschlüsse von Zylindern sowie Zylinder aus anderen Werkstoffen als Kohlenstoffstahl fallen nicht in den Anwendungsbereich der vorliegenden Norm.
Nachfolgend ist eine Auflistung der signifikanten Gefährdungssituationen und Gefährdungsereignisse aufgeführt, die während der bestimmungsgemäßen Verwendung und der vernünftigerweise vorhersehbaren Fehlanwendung zu Risiken für Personen führen können. Die Abschnitte 4 bis 7 der vorliegenden Norm sind notwendig, um Risiken in Verbindung mit den folgenden Gefährdungen zu mindern oder zu beseitigen:
a) Überschreiten der Festigkeitsgrenzwerte (Fließgrenze, Bruch- und Ermüdungsfestigkeit);
b) elastische Instabilität (knickstabähnliches Verhalten).
ANMERKUNG EN 13001-3-6 behandelt ausschließlich die Methode der Grenzzustände in Übereinstimmung mit EN 13001-1.
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Conception générale - Partie 3-6 : États limites et vérification d'aptitude des éléments de mécanismes - Vérins hydrauliques
La présente Norme européenne doit être utilisée conjointement avec l’EN 13001-1, l'EN 13001-2 et l'EN 13001-3-1, ainsi qu'avec les normes européennes pertinentes de type produit, pour appareil de levage à charge suspendue. Dans ce cadre, elles spécifient les conditions générales, les prescriptions et les méthodes visant à prévenir les dangers mécaniques liés aux vérins hydrauliques qui font partie des structures transmettant des charges dans les appareils de levage, par la conception et la vérification théorique. Les tuyaux, flexibles et raccords hydrauliques utilisés avec les vérins, ainsi que les vérins fabriqués dans un autre matériau que l'acier au carbone n'entrent pas dans le domaine d'application de la présente norme.
Une liste des situations et événements dangereux significatifs, susceptibles d'entraîner des risques pour les personnes lors d'une utilisation normale et d’une mauvaise utilisation raisonnablement prévisible est donnée ci-dessous. Les Articles 4 à 7 de la présente norme sont nécessaires pour réduire ou éliminer les risques associés à ces phénomènes dangereux :
a) dépassement des limites de résistance (élasticité, rupture, fatigue) ;
b) instabilité élastique (flambage de colonne).
NOTE L'EN 13001-3-6 trai te uniquement de la méthode des états limites selon l’EN 13001-1.
Žerjavi - Konstrukcija, splošno - 3-6. del: Mejna stanja in dokaz varnosti mehanizma - Hidravlični cilindri
Ta evropski standard je namenjen uporabi s standardi EN 13001-1, EN 13001-2 in EN 13001-3-1 ter ustreznimi standardi EN za določeno vrsto žerjava. Ti standardi skupaj določajo splošne pogoje, zahteve in metode za preprečevanje mehanskih nevarnosti hidravličnih valjev, ki so del nosilnih konstrukcij žerjavov, in sicer s preverjanjem konstrukcije in teoretičnih predpostavk. Področje uporabe tega standarda ne zajema hidravličnih napeljav, cevi in priključkov, ki se uporabljajo z valji, kot tudi ne valjev, izdelanih iz drugih materialov razen iz ogljikovega jekla.
Spodaj je seznam pomembnih nevarnih razmer in dogodkov, zaradi katerih bi lahko prišlo do ogroženosti oseb med nameravano uporabo in razumno predvideno nepravilno uporabo. Točki 4 in 7 v tem standardu sta potrebni za omejitev ali odpravo tveganj, povezanih z naslednjimi nevarnostmi:
a) prekoračitev mej trdnosti (meja prožnosti, končna meja, meja utrujanja);
b) elastična nestabilnost (uklon stebrov).
OPOMBA Standard EN 13001-3-6 v skladu s standardom EN 13001-1 obravnava le metodo mejnega stanja.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2018
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Cranes - General design - Part 3-6: Limit states and proof of competence of machinery -
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Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Conception générale - Partie 3-6 : États
limites et vérification d'aptitude des éléments de mécanismes - Vérins hydrauliques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13001-3-6:2018
ICS:
23.100.20 +LGUDYOLþQLYDOML Cylinders
53.020.20 Dvigala Cranes
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 13001-3-6
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
February 2018
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 23.100.20; 53.020.20
English Version
Cranes - General design - Part 3-6: Limit states and proof
of competence of machinery - Hydraulic cylinders
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Conception Krane - Konstruktion allgemein - Teil 3-6:
générale - Partie 3-6 : États limites et vérification Grenzzustände und Sicherheitsnachweis von
d'aptitude des éléments de mécanismes - Vérins Maschinenbauteilen - Hydraulikzylinder
hydrauliques
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 November 2017.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13001-3-6:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 7
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Symbols an abbreviations . 7
3.3 Terminology . 10
4 General . 12
4.1 Documentation . 12
4.2 Materials for hydraulic cylinders . 12
4.2.1 General requirements . 12
4.2.2 Grades and qualities . 13
5 Proof of static strength . 13
5.1 General . 13
5.2 Limit design stresses . 15
5.2.1 General . 15
5.2.2 Limit design stress in structural members . 15
5.2.3 Limit design stresses in welded connections . 16
5.3 Linear stress analysis . 16
5.3.1 General . 16
5.3.2 Typical load cases and boundary conditions . 16
5.3.3 Cylinder tube . 18
5.3.4 Cylinder bottom . 19
5.3.5 Piston rod welds . 20
5.3.6 Cylinder head . 21
5.3.7 Cylinder tube and piston rod threads . 21
5.3.8 Thread undercuts and locking wire grooves . 21
5.3.9 Oil connector welds . 22
5.3.10 Connecting interfaces to crane structure . 22
5.4 Nonlinear stress analysis . 23
5.4.1 General . 23
5.4.2 Standard cylinder with end moments . 23
5.4.3 Support leg . 23
5.5 Execution of the proof . 24
5.5.1 Proof for load bearing components . 24
5.5.2 Proof for bolted connections . 24
5.5.3 Proof for welded connections . 25
6 Proof of fatigue strength . 25
6.1 General . 25
6.2 Stress histories . 25
6.3 Execution of the proof . 27
6.4 Limit design stress range . 27
6.5 Details for consideration . 27
6.5.1 General . 27
6.5.2 Bottom weld. 28
6.5.3 Notch stress at oil connectors . 30
6.5.4 Cylinder head . 31
6.5.5 Piston rod . 33
6.5.6 Cylinder head bolts . 35
6.5.7 Cylinder head flange weld . 35
6.5.8 Mechanical interfaces . 37
7 Proof of elastic stability . 37
7.1 General . 37
7.2 Critical buckling load . 37
7.3 Limit compressive design force . 39
7.4 Execution of the proof . 40
Annex A (informative) Critical buckling load for common buckling cases . 41
A.1 General . 41
A.2 Buckling case A . 42
A.3 Buckling case B . 42
A.4 Buckling case C . 43
A.5 Buckling case D . 43
A.6 Buckling case E . 43
A.7 Buckling case F . 43
A.8 Buckling case G . 44
Annex B (informative) Second order analysis of two important cases . 45
B.1 Compressed cylinder with end moments and angular misalignment . 45
B.2 Compressed cylinder with lateral end force and angular misalignment . 46
B.3 Axial stresses for cases in B.1 and B.2 . 47
Annex C (informative) Shell section forces and moments for cylinder bottom . 48
Annex D (informative) Fatigue analysis of bottom weld for more complex cases . 51
Annex E (informative) Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given application . 54
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 56
Bibliography .
...
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