EN ISO 14555:2014

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2014
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 14555:2007
9DUMHQMH2EORþQRYDUMHQMHþHSRYL]NRYLQVNLKPDWHULDORY,62
Welding - Arc stud welding of metallic materials (ISO 14555:2014)
Schweißen - Lichtbogenbolzenschweißen von metallischen Werkstoffen (ISO
14555:2014)
Soudage - Soudage à l'arc des goujons sur les matériaux métalliques (ISO 14555:2014)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14555:2014
ICS:
21.060.10 Sorniki, vijaki, stebelni vijaki Bolts, screws, studs
25.160.10 Varilni postopki in varjenje Welding processes
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 14555
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2014
ICS 25.160.10 Supersedes EN ISO 14555:2006
English Version
Welding - Arc stud welding of metallic materials (ISO
14555:2014)
Soudage - Soudage à l'arc des goujons sur les matériaux Schweißen - Lichtbogenbolzenschweißen von metallischen
métalliques (ISO 14555:2014) Werkstoffen (ISO 14555:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 March 2014.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14555:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3

Foreword
This document (EN ISO 14555:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 44 “Welding and
allied processes” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding and allied processes” the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by October 2014.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 14555:2006.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14555:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14555:2014 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14555
Third edition
2014‐05‐01
Welding — Arc stud welding of metallic
materials
Soudage — Soudage à l'arc des goujons sur les matériaux métalliques

Reference number
ISO 14555:2014(E)
©
ISO 2014
ISO 14555:2014(E)
©  ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any
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ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

ISO 14555:2014(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 4
4.1 Symbols . 4
4.2 Abbreviated terms . 4
5 Technical review . 5
6 Welding personnel . 5
6.1 Stud-welding operators . 5
6.2 Welding coordination . 6
7 Equipment . 6
7.1 Production equipment . 6
7.2 Description of the equipment . 6
7.3 Maintenance . 7
8 Production planning . 7
9 Welding procedure specification (WPS) . 7
9.1 General . 7
9.2 Information related to the manufacturer . 7
9.3 Information related to the parent material . 8
9.4 Welding process . 8
9.5 Joint . 8
9.6 Auxiliaries . 9
9.7 Power source . 9
9.8 Movable fixtures . 9
9.9 Welding variables . 10
9.10 Thermal conditions . 10
9.11 Post-weld heat-treatment . 10
9.12 Non-thermal treatment after welding . 10
10 Welding procedure qualification . 11
10.1 Principles . 11
10.2 Welding procedure tests . 11
10.3 Pre-production tests . 15
10.4 Previous experience . 15
10.5 Welding procedure qualification record (WPQR) . 15
11 Examination and testing . 16
11.1 General . 16
11.2 Visual examination . 16
11.3 Bend testing . 16
11.4 Tensile testing . 20
11.5 Torque test . 23
11.6 Macro examination . 23
11.7 Radiographic examination . 24
11.8 Ring test . 24
ISO 14555:2014(E)
12 Acceptance criteria . 24
12.1 General . 24
12.2 Acceptance criteria for visual examination . 24
12.3 Acceptance criteria for bend testing . 25
12.4 Acceptance criteria for tensile testing . 25
12.5 Acceptance criteria for torque testing . 25
12.6 Acceptance criteria for macro exam ination . 25
12.7 Acceptance criteria for radiographic examination. 25
12.8 Acceptance criteria for ring tests . 25
12.9 Acceptance criteria for additional tests . 26
13 Workmanship . 26
14 Process control . 26
14.1 General . 26
14.2 Production test . 27
14.3 Simplified production test . 27
14.4 Re-testing for production test or simplified production test . 28
14.5 Production surveillance . 28
14.6 Production surveillance record . 28
14.7 Non-conformance and corrective actions . 29
14.8 Calibration of the measuring and testing equipment . 29
Annex A (informative) Processing of stud welding . 30
Annex B (normative) Quality requirements for stud welding . 50
Annex C (informative) Manufacturer's welding procedure specification (WPS) . 51
Annex D (informative) Welding procedure qualification record form (WPQR) (for drawn-arc stud
welding with ceramic ferrule or shielding gas and short-cycle drawn-arc stud welding) . 53
Annex E (informative) Welding procedure qualification record form (WPQR) (for capacitor discharge
stud welding with tip ignition and capacitor discharge drawn-arc stud welding) . 58
Annex F (informative) Test results — Production test (for drawn-arc stud welding with ceramic
ferrule or shielding gas and short-cycle drawn-arc stud welding) . 62
Annex G (informative) Test results — Production test (for capacitor discharge stud welding with tip
ignition and capacitor discharge drawn-arc stud welding) . 65
Annex H (informative) Example of production surveillance record . 68
Bibliography . 69

iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

ISO 14555:2014(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non‐governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in
the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO
documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights
identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent
declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute
an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well
as information about ISO's adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the
following URL: Foreword ‐ Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 44, Welding and allied processes, Subcommittee SC 10,
Unification of requirements in the field of metal welding.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 14555:2006), which has been technically revised.
ISO 14555:2014(E)
Introduction
The purpose of arc stud welding is to weld predominantly pin‐shaped metal parts to metal workpieces. In this
International Standard it is referred to simply as stud welding. Amongst other things, stud welding is used in
bridge building (especially in composite structures), steel structures, shipbuilding, facade‐wall fabrication, vehicle
manufacture, equipment design, steam‐boiler construction, and the manufacture of household appliances.
The quality of a stud weld depends not only on strict compliance with the welding procedure specification but also
on the correct function of the actuating mechanism (e.g. welding guns), and on the condition of the components, of
the accessories and of the power supply.
This International Standard does not invalidate former specifications, providing the technical requirements are
equivalent and satisfied.
vi © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14555:2014(E)

Welding — Arc stud welding of metallic materials
1 Scope
This International Standard covers arc stud welding of metallic materials subject to static and fatigue loading. It
specifies requirements that are particular to stud welding, in relation to welding knowledge, quality requirements,
welding procedure specification, welding procedure qualification, qualification testing of operators and testing of
production welds.
This International Standard is appropriate where it is necessary to demonstrate the capability of a manufacturer
to produce welded construction of a specified quality.
NOTE General quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials are given in ISO 3834‐1, ISO 3834‐2,
ISO 3834‐3, ISO 3834‐4 and ISO 3834‐5.
This International Standard has been prepared in a comprehensive manner, with a view to it being used as a
reference in contracts. The requirements contained within it can be adopted in full, or partially, if certain
requirements are not relevant to a particular construction (see Annex B).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
ISO 857‐1, Welding and allied processes — Vocabulary — Part 1: Metal welding processes
ISO 3834‐1, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials — Part 1: Criteria for the selection of the
appropriate level of quality requirements
ISO 3834‐2, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials — Part 2: Comprehensive quality
requirements
ISO 3834‐3, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials — Part 3: Standard quality requirements
ISO 3834‐4, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials — Part 4: Elementary quality
requirements
ISO 4063, Welding and allied processes — Nomenclature of processes and reference numbers
ISO 6947, Welding and allied processes — Welding positions
ISO 9606‐1, Approval testing of welders — Fusion welding — Part 1: Steels
ISO 9606‐2, Qualification test of welders — Fusion welding — Part 2: Aluminium and aluminium alloys
ISO 13918:2008, Welding — Studs and ceramic ferrules for arc stud welding
ISO 14175, Welding consumables — Shielding gases for arc welding and cutting
ISO 14555:2014(E)
ISO 14731, Welding coordination — Tasks and responsibilities
ISO 14732:1998, Welding personnel — Approval testing of welding operators for fusion welding and of resistance
weld setters for fully mechanized and automatic welding of metallic materials
ISO 15607:2003, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — General rules
ISO/TR 15608, Welding — Guidelines for a metallic materials grouping system
ISO 15611, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Qualification based on
previous welding experience
ISO 15613, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Qualification based on
pre-production welding test
ISO 15614‐1:2004, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding
procedure test — Part 1: Arc and gas welding of steels and arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys
ISO 15614‐2, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding procedure test
— Part 2: Arc welding of aluminium and its alloys
ISO 17636‐1, Non-destructive testing of welds — Radiographic testing — X- and gamma-ray techniques with film
ISO 17636‐2, Non-destructive testing of welds — Radiographic testing — X- and gamma-ray techniques with digital
detectors
ISO 17662, Welding — Calibration, verification and validation of equipment used for welding, including ancillary
activities
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 857‐1, ISO 3834‐1, ISO 4063, ISO 14731,
ISO 14732 and ISO 15607 and the following apply.
3.1
stud
fastener to be attached by stud welding
3.2
auxiliaries
ceramic ferrules and shielding gases
3.3
stud-welding operator
operating personnel for stud‐welding equipment
Note to entry In special cases (e.g. mass production at the manufacturer's factory) the welding can be carried out by suitable
auxiliary personnel, appropriately trained and supervised.
3.4
stud diameter
d
stud nominal diameter
Note 1 to entry See ISO 13918.
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ISO 14555:2014(E)
3.5
welding diameter
d
w
diameter at the weld base
3.6
weld zone
welded area underneath the welding diameter
3.7
current intensity
root‐mean‐square (RMS) value of the welding current in the steady state during the burning time of the arc
Note to entry Current intensity is not applicable to capacitor discharge.
3.8
welding time
time difference between the ignition and the final extinction of the main arc
3.9
lift
L
distance between the stud tip and the work piece surface with the stud‐lifting mechanism in position and
activated
Note 1 to entry For tip ignition, this definition applies to the ignition gap.
Note 2 to entry See Figure A.1.
3.10
plunge
axial movement of the stud towards the surface of the work piece
3.11
protrusion
P
〈unregulated lifting mechanism〉 distance between the tip of the stud and the face of the support device in their
initial positions, where the support device faces the work piece
Note 1 to entry A spring‐loaded lifting mechanism is an unregulated lifting mechanism.
Note 2 to entry See Figure A.1.
3.12
arc blow
magnetic deflection of the arc from the axial direction of the stud
3.13
flux
aluminium additive on the weld end of the stud, which improves the ignition and de‐oxidizes the weld pool
3.14
dual-material stud
two‐material stud composed of a material at the weld tip, similar to that of the parent material, and a dissimilar
material outside the weld tip, which are joined by a friction weld, thus avoiding a mixed structure in the weld zone
when stud welding
3.15
structure subjected to fatigue loading
structure subject to a set of typical load events described by the positions or movements of loads, their variation
in intensity and their frequency and sequence of occurrence
ISO 14555:2014(E)
3.16
through-deck stud-welding
application where shear connectors are welded to a steel structure through thin steel sheet with a thickness of
less than 3 mm
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
4.1 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply.
C capacitance (expressed in mF)
d stud diameter (expressed in mm)
d welding diameter (expressed in mm)
w
h length of the threaded part of the nut
I current intensity (expressed in A)
L lift
P protrusion
t thickness of plate
t welding time (expressed in ms or s)
w
T torque (expressed in Nm)
U charging voltage (expressed in V)
E charging energy (expressed in Ws)
α bending angle (expressed in °)
4.2 Abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviated terms apply.
CF ceramic ferrule
HAZ heat‐affected zone
NP no protection
PA flat welding position
PC horizontal welding position
PE overhead welding position
pWPS preliminary welding procedure specification
SG shielding gas
WPS welding procedure specification
WPQR welding procedure qualification record
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ISO 14555:2014(E)
5 Technical review
When a technical review is required by an application standard, by specification or by use of ISO 3834‐2,
ISO 3834‐3 or ISO 3834‐4, the manufacturer shall check, as appropriate, the following aspects:
a) the accessibility and welding position of the stud weld;
b) the nature of the surface and the collar shape of the welded joint;
c) materials and combinations of materials (see Tables A.3 and A.4); including decking material where the
through‐deck technique is being proposed;
d) the ratio of stud diameter to parent metal thickness (avoidance of damage on the reverse side of the parent
metal);
e) dimensions and details of the weld preparation and of the finished weld, including the nature of the stud and
parent ‐metal surfaces, positional and angular accuracy and the length tolerance of the welded stud;
f) the use of special techniques to avoid damage to the reverse side of the parent metal;
g) techniques to assure the angular position of the welded stud.
NOTE Consideration is paid to the multi‐axial stress state arising from localized heating/cooling. This stress
concentration reduces the fatigue strength of a component with welded studs.
6 Welding personnel
6.1 Stud-welding operators
The qualification can be done by a welding procedure test (see 10.2) or a pre‐production test (see 10.3) and shall
include testing in accordance with the acceptance criteria specified in 12, if relevant.
Stud‐welding operators shall have appropriate knowledge to operate the equipment, to adjust it properly, to carry
out the welding correctly and, while doing so, to pay attention to good contact and suitable connection between
the work piece cables and uniform distribution of ferromagnetic materials (see Table A.8).
The welding personnel shall be qualified in accordance with ISO 14732.
The qualified operator shall be deemed to be qualified for any stud welding equipment with the same mode of
selecting the parameters which was used in the qualification test. Change in the welding process variant (numbers
783, 784, 785, 786 of ISO 4063) requires a new qualification.
A test of job knowledge is required for all qualification methods. This test shall cover, as a minimum:
a) setting up the welding equipment in accordance with the welding procedure specification;
b) basic knowledge of the way in which suitable connection of work piece cables, the polarity of the stud, and
arc blowing can influence the weld result (see Table A.8);
c) basic assessment of the welded joint for imperfections (see Tables A.5, A.6 and A.7);
d) safe execution of the welding operations, i.e. good contact of the stud in the stud holder, no movement during
the welding process, operation checking and correct positioning of the welding gun).
ISO 14555:2014(E)
6.2 Welding coordination
Welding coordination shall be performed in accordance with ISO 14731. Refer to Annex B for quality level
according ISO 3834 for the welding coordinator.
Welding coordination personnel for stud welding shall have knowledge of and experience in the relevant stud‐
welding process, and shall be able to select and set the correct parameters, e.g. lift, protrusion (plunge), current
intensity, and welding time.
A welding coordinator is not required for stud welding to structures subjected to unspecified static loading (see
Annex B).
7 Equipment
7.1 Production equipment
Suitable stud‐welding equipment shall be used, with power supplies of sufficient capacity to weld the stud
properly to the parent material when the equipment is correctly set up. The following equipment shall be
available, as required:
a) power sources, control unit and movable fixtures;
b) cables with sufficient cross‐section, solid connection terminals and sufficient earth connection;
c) handling equipment for the technical aspects of welding fabrication (jigs, fixtures);
d) weld data monitoring equipment;
e) cleaning facilities for contact points and welding points;
f) measuring and testing equipment;
g) equipment for pre‐ and post‐treatment;
h) equipment and welding plant for retouching.
7.2 Description of the equipment
A list of the stud‐welding equipment shall be maintained, which shall serve as evidence of the performance and
stud‐welding application field. It shall include:
a) details of the smallest and largest weldable stud diameter;
b) the maximum number of studs to be welded per unit of time;
c) the regulating range of the power supply;
d) the mode of operation and performance of mechanized or automatic stud‐welding equipment;
e) details of the available test equipment.
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ISO 14555:2014(E)
7.3 Maintenance
The correct functioning of the equipment shall be ensured. During production, a function check of the actuation
mechanisms shall be performed at fixed intervals. Cables, terminals, stud and ceramic ferrule holders shall be
regularly checked and replaced at the appropriate time. For mass production and comprehensive quality
requirements in accordance with ISO 3834‐2, a maintenance plan for additional essential systems shall be drawn
up. Examples of such systems are:
a) stud sorting and feeding systems;
b) stud and ceramic ferrule holders;
c) mechanical guides and fixtures;
d) measuring equipment;
e) cables, hoses, connecting elements;
f) a monitoring system.
8 Production planning
For stud welding, the production planning shall also contain the following elements:
a) a definition of the required stud‐welding procedures and equipment;
b) details of which jigs and fixtures are used;
c) the surface preparation method.
9 Welding procedure specification (WPS)
9.1 General
The welding procedure specification (WPS) shall give details of how a welding operation shall be performed and
shall contain all relevant information about the welding work.
Information listed in 9.2 to 9.13 is adequate for most welding operations. For some applications, it may be
necessary to supplement or reduce the list. The relevant information shall be specified in the WPS.
Ranges and tolerances shall be specified when appropriate. An example of the WPS format is given in Annex C.
9.2 Information related to the manufacturer
9.2.1 Identification of the manufacturer
 unambiguous identification.
9.2.2 Identification of the WPS
 alphanumeric designation (reference code).
ISO 14555:2014(E)
9.2.3 Reference to the welding procedure qualification record (WPQR) or other relevant documents
 alphanumeric designation (reference code).
9.3 Information related to the parent material
9.3.1 Parent material type
 identification of material, preferably by reference to an appropriate standard;
 parent material(s) delivery condition;
 identification of coating or any other surface condition.
NOTE A WPS can cover a material group in accordance with ISO/TR 15608. See also ISO/TR 20172, ISO/TR 20173 and
ISO/TR 20174.
9.3.2 Dimensions
 the thickness or range of thicknesses of the parent material;
 other relevant dimensions (e.g. thickness and configuration of the steel sheet for through‐deck applications).
9.4 Welding process
 designation in accordance with ISO 4063.
9.5 Joint
9.5.1 Joint design
 sketch of the joint design showing the relative positions of studs and tolerances;
 the sequence of the welding of studs shall be indicated on the sketch if essential for application.
9.5.2 Welding position
 welding positions shall be specified in accordance with ISO 6947.
9.5.3 Preparation of parent material surface
 method of surface preparation, if necessary (e.g. cleaning, degreasing, pickling);
 maximum time permitted between preparation and welding (if required).
9.5.4 Jigs and fixtures
 the methods to be used (if required);
 fixture details, templates, etc.
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ISO 14555:2014(E)
9.5.5 Support
 the method of support;
 specification of supporting material;
 dimensions of support (when welding thin plates).
9.5.6 Studs
9.5.7 Designation
 designation according to standard, supplier or trade name; non‐standard studs shall be specified.
9.5.8 Handling
 if the studs are to be treated (e.g. by cleaning) before use, this shall be specified.
9.6 Auxiliaries
9.6.1 Ceramic ferrules (if any)
 designation according to standard, supplier or trade name; non‐standard ceramic ferrules shall be specified;
 ceramic ferrules shall be stored in a clean and dry environment.
9.6.2 Protective gas (if any)
 designation in accordance with ISO 14175.
9.7 Power source
 manufacturer, type.
9.8 Movable fixtures
9.8.1 Welding gun/lift mechanism
 manufacturer, type;
 damper.
9.8.2 Shielding gas system (if used)
 gas flow rate;
 (schematic) description showing nozzle dimensions and position of nozzle(s) in relation to stud and work
piece.
9.8.3 Stud feeding system (if any)
 description of stud feeding system including sketch.
ISO 14555:2014(E)
9.9 Welding variables
9.9.1 Drawn arc stud welding with ceramic ferrule or shielding gas and short-cycle drawn arc stud
welding
a) polarity;
b) welding current;
c) welding time;
d) lift;
e) protrusion;
f) damper;
g) number and position of earth clamps.
9.9.2 Capacitor discharge drawn arc stud welding or capacitor discharge stud welding with tip ignition
a) polarity;
b) capacitance;
c) charging voltage;
d) spring force and/or gap length;
e) number and position of earth clamps;
f) welding cable configuration (if used for current control).
9.10 Thermal conditions
a) preheat temperature (if required);
b) if preheating is not required, the lowest permitted ambient temperature.
9.11 Post-weld heat-treatment
If, in special cases, any post‐weld heat‐treatment or ageing is necessary, specification of the procedure or
reference to a separate post‐weld heat‐treatment or ageing specification is required. This should include
specification of the entire thermal cycle.
9.12 Non-thermal treatment after welding
a) grinding, machining or any other mechanical treatment;
b) pickling or any other chemical treatment;
c) any special procedure for removal of ferrules.
10 © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

ISO 14555:2014(E)
10 Welding procedure qualification
10.1 Principles
Preliminary welding procedure specifications (pWPS) for arc stud welding shall be prepared in accordance with
Clause 9 and qualified prior to production, whenever required. They shall specify the range for all the relevant
parameters. In principle, the following methods of qualification are permitted, but specification or application
code requirements can restrict the choice of method:
a) qualification by welding procedure test in accordance with 10.2;
b) qualification by pre‐production tests in accordance with 10.3;
c) qualification based on previous experience in accordance with 10.4.
All new welding procedure qualifications are to be in accordance with this International Standard from the date of
its issue. However, this International Standard does not invalidate previous welding procedure qualifications
made to former national standards or specifications, providing the technical requirements are satisfied and the
previous procedure qualifications are relevant to the application and production work on which they are to be
employed. Previous procedure qualifications to former national standards or specifications should be considered
at the time of the enquiry or contract stage and agreed between the contracting parties.
10.2 Welding procedure tests
10.2.1 Application
When welding procedure tests are required, these shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions in 10.2 of
this International Standard, unless more severe tests are specified.
10.2.2 Proof of conformity of parent materials and stud materials
For the parent material and the stud material to be used, proof of conformity shall be available.
In the absence of such proof, the parent material and/or stud material shall be subjected to additional material
tests before the welding procedure tests. For this purpose, sufficient amounts of parent material and stud material
from the same melt as used in the test shall be made available.
10.2.3 Shape and dimensions of test pieces
The dimension of the test piece(s) shall be sufficient to carry out all tests. The thickness of the test pieces shall be
chosen so that the plate or flange thickness proposed for production is covered (see 10.2.8.6).
10.2.4 Welding
Preparation, set‐up and welding of test pieces shall be carried out in accordance with the pWPS, under the general
conditions of production welding that they represent. The same welding positions shall be observed as on the
actual work piece. There shall be sufficient distance from the lateral earth clamps to avoid arc blow.
Welding procedure tests shall be carried out on the smallest and largest stud diameters used in practice.
As a minimum, the numbers of studs indicated in Table 1 and Table 2 shall be welded in the welding procedure
test.
ISO 14555:2014(E)
10.2.5 Scope of examination and testing
The examination and testing includes non‐destructive and destructive tests, which shall be in accordance with the
requirements of Tables 1, 2 and 3.
All inspection and tests shall be performed in accordance with the procedures specified in Clause 11. The number
and type of test stated in Tables 1, 2 and 3 shall only be used in the case of the qualification of a pWPS based on
the use of stud material and parent material, as specified in Table A.3.
10.2.6 Acceptance criteria
The acceptance criteria described in Clause 12 shall be fulfilled unless otherwise specified.
Table 1 — Examination and testing of te
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