CEN/TS 16637-1:2014
(Main)Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Part 1: Guidance for the determination of leaching tests and additional testing steps
Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Part 1: Guidance for the determination of leaching tests and additional testing steps
(1) This Technical Specification allows the identification of the appropriate leaching test method for the determination of the release of Regulated Dangerous Substances from construction products into soil, surface water and groundwater. This document provides a stepwise procedure for the determination of appropriate release tests, including:
a) guidance for the identification of construction products potentially emitting Regulated Dangerous Substances;
b) determination of the test method based on general product properties;
c) choice of the test method using specific product properties.
(2) Furthermore, this Technical Specification gives general guidance for CEN Technical Product Committees on basic aspects (sampling, sample preparation and storage, eluate treatment, analysis of eluates and documentation) to be specified in the relevant product standards.
(3) Metallic products, coatings on metallic products and organic coatings for metals are not considered in the determination scheme of this Technical Specification since the test method in CEN/TS 16637-2 (tank test) is not appropriate for the testing of these construction products due to a different release mechanism (solubility control).
NOTE Metallic products are excluded from the scope of CEN/TS 16637-2 because the principles of that test (diffusion) are not obeyed by these products. Metallic products have shown pH dependent solubility control, which means that metals released from the oxidation layer on the metal until the maximum possible solubility level at the prevailing pH conditions in the surrounding water is reached (more water in contact with the same metal surface means more metals released and more time does not lead to more release due to solubility control). Maximum level of release can often be reached in minutes to hours. More generally, it can be stated that expression of results for metallic surfaces in mg/(m2•s) is always "conditional", i.e. dependent on the local conditions at which the measurements were done, such as the volume of water relative to the surface area. For impact assessment, it is necessary to understand the above mentioned effects and to capture these effects in a test reflecting the dominant release mechanism. However, such a test method is currently unavailable. If the intrinsic leaching behaviour is known, release under specified local conditions could be determined by modelling. Furthermore, no notified regulations exist for metallic products at the time these Technical Specifications have been published.
(4) It is assumed that intermittent contact with water (e.g. exposure to rainwater) is tested - by convention - as permanent contact. For some coatings, (e.g. some renders with organic binders according to EN 15824) in intermittent contact to water, physical and chemical properties might be altered in permanent contact with water. These products are not considered in the determination scheme of this Technical Specification since the test method in CEN/TS 16637-2 is not appropriate for the testing of these construction products.
Bauprodukte - Bewertung der Freisetzung von gefährlichen Stoffen - Teil 1: Leitfaden für die Festlegung von Auslaugprüfungen und zusätzlichen Prüfschritten
(1) Diese Technische Spezifikation ermöglicht die Identifizierung des geeigneten Auslaugprüfverfahrens für die Bestimmung der Freisetzung regulierter gefährlicher Stoffe aus Bauprodukten in den Boden, das Oberflächen- und das Grundwasser. Das vorliegende Dokument enthält ein schrittweises Verfahren zur Ermittlung geeigneter Freisetzungsprüfungen, einschließlich:
a) einem Leitfaden zur Identifizierung von Bauprodukten, die möglicherweise regulierte gefährliche Stoffe freisetzen;
b) Bestimmung des Prüfverfahrens auf der Grundlage allgemeiner Produkteigenschaften;
c) Wahl der Prüfverfahren durch Anwendung spezieller Produkteigenschaften.
(2) Darüber hinaus enthält diese Technische Spezifikation einen Leitfaden für die Technischen Produktkomitees des CEN zu grundlegenden Aspekten (Probenahme, Probenvorbereitung und -lagerung, Eluatbehandlung, Analyse von Eluaten und Dokumentation), die in den maßgebenden Produktnormen festzulegen sind.
(3) Metallische Produkte, Beschichtungen auf metallischen Produkten und organische Beschichtungen (für Metalle) werden im Bestimmungsplan dieser Technischen Spezifikation nicht berücksichtigt, da das Prüfverfahren in FprCEN/TS 16637-2für die Prüfung dieser Bauprodukte aufgrund eines anderen Freisetzungsmechanismus (Löslichkeitssteuerung) nicht geeignet ist.
ANMERKUNG Metallische Produkte sind vom Anwendungsbereich von FprCEN/TS 16637-2 ausgenommen, da die Grundsätze dieser Prüfung (Diffusion) von diesen Produkten nicht befolgt werden. Metallische Produkte wiesen eine pH-Wert-abhängige Löslichkeitssteuerung auf, was bedeutet, dass Metalle so lange Stoffe aus der Oxidationsschicht auf dem Metall freisetzen, bis der größtmögliche Löslichkeitsgrad bei den vorherrschenden pH-Bedingungen in dem umgebenden Wasser erreicht ist. (Je mehr Wasser mit derselben Metalloberfläche in Berührung kommt, desto mehr Metalle werden freigesetzt; mehr Zeit führt nicht zu einer größeren Freisetzung, d. h. Löslichkeitssteuerung). Der maximale Grad der Freisetzung kann oftmals innerhalb von Minuten bis Stunden erreicht werden. Allgemeiner betrachtet kann festgestellt werden, dass die Angabe der Ergebnisse für metallische Oberflächen in mg/(m2.s) immer „bedingungsabhängig“ erfolgt, d. h. sie ist abhängig von den örtlichen Bedingungen, unter denen die Messungen durchgeführt wurden, wie z. B. das Wasservolumen in Bezug zur Oberfläche. Für eine Folgenabschätzung ist es notwendig, die oben aufgeführten Auswirkungen zu verstehen und sie in einer Prüfung zu erfassen, die den dominanten Freisetzungsmechanismus widerspiegelt. Ein solches Prüfverfahren steht allerdings im Moment nicht zur Verfügung. Wenn die spezifischen Auslaugungseigenschaften bekannt sind, könnte die Freisetzung unter festgelegten örtlichen Bedingungen durch Modellierung bestimmt werden. Außerdem gibt es zum Zeitpunkt der Veröffentlichung dieser Technischen Spezifikationen keine notifizierten Verordnungen für metallische Produkte.
(4) Es wird angenommen, dass der zeitweilige Kontakt mit Wasser (z. B. Beanspruchung durch Regenwasser) nach Vereinbarung als dauerhafter Kontakt geprüft wird. Bei einigen Beschichtungen (z. B. einige Putze mit organischen Bindemitteln nach EN 15824), die zeitweilig mit Wasser in Berührung kommen, könnten physikalische und chemische Eigenschaften zu dauerhaftem Kontakt mit Wasser geändert werden. Diese Produkte werden nicht im Bestimmungsplan dieser Technischen Spezifikation berücksichtigt, da das Prüfverfahren in FprCEN/TS 16637-2 für die Prüfung dieser Bauprodukte nicht geeignet ist.
Produits de construction - Évaluation de l'émission de substances dangereuses - Partie 1 : Guide pour la spécification des essais de lixiviation et des étapes supplémentaires d'essai
Gradbeni proizvodi - Ocenjevanje sproščanja nevarnih snovi - 1. del: Navodilo za določanje preskusov izluževanja in dodatnih korakov preskušanja
Specifikacija CEN/TS 16637-1 omogoča opredelitev ustrezne preskusne metode za izluževanje za določanje sproščanja reguliranih nevarnih snovi iz gradbenih proizvodov v tla, površinsko vodo in podtalnico. Ta dokument določa postopek v korakih za določanje ustreznih preskusov sproščanja, vključno z: ) navodilom za opredelitev gradbenih proizvodov, ki bi lahko oddajali regulirane nevarne snovi; b) določanjem preskusne metode na podlagi splošnih lastnosti proizvodov; c) izbiro preskusne metode z uporabo posebnih lastnosti proizvodov. (2) Poleg tega ta tehnična specifikacija določa splošna navodila za tehnične odbore za proizvode CEN v zvezi z osnovnimi vidiki (vzorčenje, priprava vzorcev in shramba, obdelava izlužkov, analiza izlužkov in dokumentacija), ki se določijo v ustreznih standardih za proizvode. (3) Kovinski proizvodi, premazi kovinskih proizvodov in organski premazi za kovine niso obravnavani v shemi določanja te tehnične specifikacije, saj preskusna metoda iz specifikacije CEN/TS 16637-2 (preskus s cisterno) ni primerna za preskušanje teh gradbenih proizvodov zaradi drugačnega mehanizma sproščanja (nadzor topljivosti).
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2014
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Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Part 1:
Guidance for the determination of leaching tests and additional testing steps
Bauprodukte - Bewertung der Freisetzung von gefährlichen Stoffen - Teil 1: Leitfaden für
die Festlegung von Auslaugprüfungen und zusätzlichen Prüfschritten
Produits de construction - Evaluation de l‘émission de substances dangereuses - Partie
1: Guide pour la spécification des essais de lixivation et des étapes supplémentaires
d’essai
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 16637-1:2014
ICS:
13.020.99 Drugi standardi v zvezi z Other standards related to
varstvom okolja environmental protection
91.100.01 Gradbeni materiali na Construction materials in
splošno general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 16637-1
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
August 2014
ICS 19.040; 13.040.20; 91.100.01
English Version
Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous
substances - Part 1: Guidance for the determination of leaching
tests and additional testing steps
Produits de construction - Evaluation de l'émission de Bauprodukte - Bewertung der Freisetzung von gefährlichen
substances dangereuses - Partie 1: Guide pour la Stoffen - Teil 1: Leitfaden für die Festlegung von
spécification des essais de lixivation et des étapes Auslaugprüfungen und zusätzlichen Prüfschritten
supplémentaires d'essai
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 25 February 2014 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 16637-1:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .7
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms and definitions .7
3.1 Sampling and products .8
3.2 Release and laboratory testing . 10
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 13
5 Determination of the appropriate release test method . 14
5.1 Step 1: Information on construction products that may be examined by leaching tests . 14
5.2 Step 2: Determination of test method . 14
5.2.1 Principles and general review of the test methods . 14
5.2.2 Product properties and test conditions for the determination of the relevant test method . 15
6 Adoption of modules for the product specific leaching standard . 18
6.1 Overview of the modules . 18
6.2 Product sampling and transport to the laboratory . 20
6.2.1 Introduction on sampling . 20
6.2.2 Objective of sampling . 20
6.2.3 Preparation of a sampling plan and sampling strategy . 20
6.2.4 Information from the testing laboratory needed to complement the product sampling plan . 23
6.2.5 Packaging and transport of laboratory sample . 24
6.2.6 Sample description and marking of laboratory sample and sampling report . 24
6.2.7 Chain of custody report . 24
6.2.8 Dispatch of product samples, time schedule . 25
6.2.9 Report on sampling . 25
7 Indirect methods . 25
7.1 Definition . 25
7.2 Requirements for indirect methods . 25
7.3 Examples of indirect methods . 26
Annex A (informative) Release scenarios and impact assessment . 27
A.1 Release scenarios and test determination . 27
A.2 Impact assessment and impact evaluation . 28
A.2.1 Source-pathway-target approach for impact assessment . 28
A.2.2 How to use “intended use” and “intended conditions of use” . 29
A.2.3 Impact evaluation. 29
A.3 Responsibilities . 30
Annex B (informative) Different types of leaching tests . 31
B.1 General . 31
B.2 Reference tests and indirect test . 31
B.3 Leaching tests for products with reducing properties . 31
Annex C (informative) Key concepts for product sampling . 32
C.1 Representativeness . 32
C.2 Uncertainty . 33
C.3 Sampling under various stages of production control . 34
C.4 Objective of sampling . 34
C.5 Preparation of a sampling plan . 34
C.6 Considerations on sampling strategy . 37
C.6.1 General . 37
C.6.2 Sampling approach . 37
C.6.3 Population and sub-population . 37
C.6.4 Scale . 38
C.6.5 Size of increments and samples . 41
C.6.6 Sampling of complex, composite and large products . 42
C.6.7 Sampling location and moment . 42
Annex D (informative) Example of a chain of custody report . 44
Annex E (informative) Example of a sampling report . 45
Bibliography . 46
Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 16637-1:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 351
“Construction Products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances”, the secretariat of which is held by
NEN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
This Technical Specification deals with the determination and use of test methods for leaching of construction
products taking specific situations into account. It specifies preconditions under which leaching tests for
monolithic products and for granular products need to be selected.
Background information on characterization of leaching behaviour of construction products can be found in
Technical Reports provided by CEN/TC 351 (i.e. CEN/TR 16098 [1], and CEN/TR 16496 [2]).
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
This informative introduction describes the interactions and interrelations between the release tests developed
to assess the release of dangerous substances from construction products into soil, surface water and
groundwater in the framework of the Mandate M/366. The horizontal test methods developed under the
Mandate M/366 are intended to be used to show compliance with notified regulations. The tests cover the
release of substances from construction products and in particular, those that are regulated in notified
regulations in one or more EU member states.
CEN/TS 16637-1 specifies how the CEN Technical Product Committees and EOTA experts are to determine
the appropriate leaching test for the determination of the release of Regulated Dangerous Substances from a
construction product into soil, surface water and groundwater.
CEN/TS 16637-2 describes a horizontal test to assess surface dependent release from monolithic, plate-like
or sheet-like construction products while FprCEN/TS 16637-3 (in preparation) will describe a horizontal test to
assess release from granular construction products. The test methods can be used for both steps in the
hierarchy (type testing and factory production control) and are supposed to be used as the reference test for
the intended uses and conditions specified in CEN/TS 16637-1. In this hierarchy of testing conditionally
“indirect tests” ca
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