ASTM D8410-22
(Specification)Standard Specification for Evaluation of Cellulosic-Fiber-Based Packaging Materials and Products for Compostability in Municipal or Industrial Aerobic Composting Facilities
Standard Specification for Evaluation of Cellulosic-Fiber-Based Packaging Materials and Products for Compostability in Municipal or Industrial Aerobic Composting Facilities
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers cellulosic-fiber-based packaging materials and products associated with food, landscape waste, and other compost feedstocks, which are intended to be composted under aerobic conditions in municipal and industrial composting facilities, where thermophilic temperatures are achieved.
1.2 This specification covers cellulosic-based uncoated and coated packaging materials and products and covers whole packaging products. Products covered in this specification include cellulosic fiber-based products produced from cellulosic pulp, corrugated materials, containerboard, paper, paperboard, and molded fiber.
1.3 This specification excludes end items where thermoplastic polymer is laminated or extruded to cellulosic substrates.
1.4 This specification is intended to establish the requirements for labeling cellulosic-fiber-based packaging materials and products as “compostable in aerobic municipal and industrial composting facilities” in accordance with the guidelines issued by the Federal Trade Commission,2 provided the label includes proper qualifications as to the availability of such facilities.
1.5 The properties in this specification are those required to determine if packaging materials and products will compost satisfactorily in large-scale aerobic municipal or industrial composting where maximum throughput is a high priority and where intermediate stages of biodegradation must not be apparent to the end user for aesthetic reasons.
1.6 This specification is technically equivalent to ISO 18606.1.7.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D8410 −22
Standard Specification for
Evaluation of Cellulosic-Fiber-Based Packaging Materials
and Products for Compostability in Municipal or Industrial
1
Aerobic Composting Facilities
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8410; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
1.1 This specification covers cellulosic-fiber-based packag-
standard.
ing materials and products associated with food, landscape
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
waste, and other compost feedstocks, which are intended to be
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
composted under aerobic conditions in municipal and indus-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
trial composting facilities, where thermophilic temperatures
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
are achieved.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.2 This specification covers cellulosic-based uncoated and
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
coated packaging materials and products and covers whole
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
packaging products. Products covered in this specification
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
include cellulosic fiber-based products produced from cellu-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
losic pulp, corrugated materials, containerboard, paper,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
paperboard, and molded fiber.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.3 Thisspecificationexcludesenditemswherethermoplas-
2. Referenced Documents
tic polymer is laminated or extruded to cellulosic substrates.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.4 This specification is intended to establish the require-
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
ments for labeling cellulosic-fiber-based packaging materials
ments
and products as “compostable in aerobic municipal and indus-
D1968 Terminology Relating to Paper and Paper Products
trial composting facilities” in accordance with the guidelines
2 D5338 Test Method for Determining Aerobic Biodegrada-
issued by the Federal Trade Commission, provided the label
tion of Plastic Materials Under Controlled Composting
includes proper qualifications as to the availability of such
Conditions, Incorporating Thermophilic Temperatures
facilities.
D6866 Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content
1.5 The properties in this specification are those required to
of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocar-
determine if packaging materials and products will compost
bon Analysis
satisfactorily in large-scale aerobic municipal or industrial
2.2 Organization for Economic Development (OECD) Stan-
4
composting where maximum throughput is a high priority and
dard:
where intermediate stages of biodegradation must not be
OECD Guideline 208 Terrestrial Plants, Growth Test
apparent to the end user for aesthetic reasons.
5
2.3 European Standards (EN):
EN 13432 Packaging-Requirements for Packaging Recover-
1.6 This specification is technically equivalent to ISO
18606.1.7. able through Composting and Biodegradation-Test
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
PackagingandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD10.19onSustainability Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
& Recycling. the ASTM website.
4
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published November 2022. Originally Available from Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
approved in 2021. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D8410 – 21. DOI: (OECD), 2 rue André Pascal, F-75775, Paris Cedex 16, France, http://
10.1520/D8410-22. www.oecd.org.
2 5
Guidelines for the Use of Environmental Marketing Claims, Federal Trade Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Commission, Washington, DC, 1992. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page:
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D8410 − 21 D8410 − 22
Standard Specification for
Evaluation of Cellulosic-Fiber-Based Packaging Materials
and Products for Compostability in Municipal or Industrial
1
Aerobic Composting Facilities
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8410; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers cellulosic-fiber-based packaging materials and products associated with food, landscape waste, and
other compost feedstocks, which are intended to be composted under aerobic conditions in municipal and industrial composting
facilities, where thermophilic temperatures are achieved.
1.2 This specification covers cellulosic-based uncoated and coated packaging materials and products and covers whole packaging
products. Products covered in this specification include cellulosic fiber-based products produced from cellulosic pulp, corrugated
materials, containerboard, paper, paperboard, and molded fiber.
1.3 This specification excludes end items where thermoplastic polymer is laminated or extruded to cellulosic substrates.
1.4 This specification is intended to establish the requirements for labeling cellulosic-fiber-based packaging materials and products
as “compostable in aerobic municipal and industrial composting facilities” in accordance with the guidelines issued by the Federal
2
Trade Commission, provided the label includes proper qualifications as to the availability of such facilities.
1.5 The properties in this specification are those required to determine if packaging materials and products will compost
satisfactorily in large-scale aerobic municipal or industrial composting where maximum throughput is a high priority and where
intermediate stages of biodegradation must not be apparent to the end user for aesthetic reasons.
1.6 This specification is technically equivalent to ISO 18606.1.7.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.19 on Sustainability & Recycling.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2021Nov. 1, 2022. Published November 2021November 2022. Originally approved in 2021. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as
D8410 – 21. DOI: 10.1520/D8410-21.10.1520/D8410-22.
2
Guidelines for the Use of Environmental Marketing Claims, Federal Trade Commission, Washington, DC, 1992.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D8410 − 22
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environments
D1968 Terminology Relating to Paper and Paper Products
D5338 Test Method for Determining Aerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials Under Controlled Composting Conditions,
Incorporating Thermophilic Temperatures
D6866 Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis
4
2.2 Organization for Economic Development (OECD) Standard:
OECD Guideline 208 Terrestrial Plants, Growth Test
5
2.3 European Standards (EN):
EN 13432 Packaging-Requirements for Packaging Recoverable through Composting and Biodegradation-Test Scheme and
Evaluation Criteria for the Final Acceptance of Packaging
5
2.4 ISO Standards:
ISO 14855 Evaluation of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability and disintegration of plastics under controlled composting
conditions — Method by analysis of evolved carbon dioxide
ISO 16929 Determination of the degree of disintegration of plast
...
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