ASTM B956-07

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Designation: B 956 – 07
Standard Specification for
Welded Copper and Copper-Alloy Condenser and Heat
Exchanger Tubes with Integral Fins
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 956; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for heat
to use.
exchanger tubes manufactured from forge-welded copper and
copper alloy tubing in straight lengths on which the external or
2. Referenced Documents
internal surface, or both, has been modified by cold forming
2.1 ASTM Standards:
process to produce an integral enhanced surface for improved
B 153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper and
heat transfer.
Copper-Alloy Pipe and Tubing
1.2 Units—The values stated in either inch-pounds units or
B 154 Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for Copper
SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within
Alloys
the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
B 224 Classification of Coppers
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
B 543 Specification for Welded Copper and Copper-Alloy
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
Heat Exchanger Tube
values from the two systems could result in nonconformance
B 601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copper
with the specification.
and Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
1.3 The tubes are typically used in surface condensers,
B 846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
evaporators, and heat exchangers.
B 858 Test Method for Ammonia Vapor Test for Determin-
1.4 The product shall be produced of the following coppers
ing Susceptibility to Stress Corrosion Cracking in Copper
or copper alloys, as specified in the ordering information.
Alloys
Copper or Copper Alloy
Type of Metal
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
UNS No.
A
C12000 DLP Phosphorized, low residual phosphorus
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
A
C12200 DHP Phosphorized, high residual phosphorus
Determine Conformance with Specifications
C19200 Phosphorized, 1 % iron
E53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in Unal-
C23000 Red Brass
C44300 Admiralty, arsenical
loyed Copper by Gravimetry
C44400 Admiralty, antimonial
E54 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Special
C44500 Admiralty, phosphorized
Brasses and Bronzes
C68700 Aluminum Brass
C70400 95-5 Copper-Nickel
E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and
C70600 90-10 Copper-Nickel
Copper Alloys (Photometric Methods)
C70620 90-10 Copper-Nickel (Modified for Welding)
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
C71000 80-20 Copper-Nickel
C71500 70-30 Copper-Nickel
E118 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper-
C71520 70-30 Copper-Nickel (Modified for Welding)
Chromium Alloys
C72200 Copper-Nickel
E 243 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami-
A
Copper UNS Nos. C12000, and C12200 are classified in Classification B 224.
nation of Copper and Copper-Alloy Tubes
E 255 Practice for Sampling Copper and CopperAlloys for
NOTE 1—Designations listed in Classification B 224.
the Determination of Chemical Composition
1.5 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the
E 478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper
test methods described in this specification. This standard does
Alloys
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeB05onCopper contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
and CopperAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipe Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
and Tube. the ASTM website.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2007. Published November 2007. Withdrawn.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B956–07
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the 5.2.2.1 Whether a pressure test is be used along with the
Unified Numbering System (UNS) eddy-current test (13.3 and 13.4),
5.2.3 Whether cut ends of the tube are to be deburred,
3. Terminology
chamfered, or otherwise treated (Section 15),
3.1 For the definitions of terms related to copper and copper 5.2.4 If the product is to be subsequently welded,
alloys, refer to Terminology B 846.
5.2.5 Certification, if required (Section 23), and
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
5.2.6 Mill test report, if required (Section 24).
3.2.1 enhanced tube—tube having a series of metallic ribs
on the outside or inside surface, or both, either parallel to the
6. Materials and Manufacture
longitudinalaxisorcircumferentiallyextendedfromthetubeto
6.1 Material:
increase the effective surface for heat transfer (Figs. 1-3).
6.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be welded tube of
3.2.2 unenhanced tube—tube made by processing strip into
one of the CopperAlloy UNS Nos. listed in 1.1 of such purity
a tubular shape and forge welding the edges to make a
andsoundnessastobesuitableforprocessingintotheproducts
longitudinal seam with no enhancements on the O.D. or I.D.
prescribed herein.
6.1.2 In the event heat identification or traceability is
4. Types of Welded Tube
required, the purchaser shall specify the details desired.
4.1 Reference Specification B 543 for the types of forge
6.2 Manufacture:
welded tube products that will be supplied for the enhancing
6.2.1 The product shall be manufacture by cold forming the
operation (Section 6).
enhancement of the heat transfer surfaces.
6.3 Product described by this specification shall typically be
5. Ordering Information
furnished with unenhanced ends, but may be furnished with
5.1 Include the following information when placing orders
enhanced ends or stripped ends from which the O.D. enhance-
for product under this specification as applicable:
ment has been removed by machining.
5.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
6.3.1 The enhanced sections of the tube in the as-fabricated
5.1.2 Copper UNS No. designation (for example, Copper
temper are in the cold formed condition produced by the
UNS No. C12000),
enhancing operation.
5.1.3 Tube type (Section 4),
6.3.2 The unenhanced sections of the tube shall be in the
5.1.4 Temper (Section 8),
annealed or as-welded temper, and shall be suitable for
5.1.5 Dimensions, the diameter, wall thickness, whether
rolling-in operations.
minimum or nominal wall, and length (Section 14),
5.1.6 Configuration of enhanced surfaces shall be agree
7. Chemical Composition
upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser (Figs. 1-3),
7.1 The material shall conform to the chemical composi-
and
5.1.7 Quantity. tionalrequirementsinTable1forCopperUNSNo.designation
specified in the ordering information.
5.2 The following options are available and shall be speci-
fied at the time placing the order, when required: 7.2 The composition limits do not preclude the presence of
5.2.1 When heat identification or traceability is required, other elements. By agreement between the manufacturer and
5.2.2 Whether a pressure test is to be used instead of the purchaser, limits may be established and analysis required for
eddy-current test (13.1), unnamed elements.
NOTE—The outside diameter over the enhanced section will not normally exceed the outside diameter of the unenhanced section.
FIG. 1 Outside Diameter Enhanced Tube Nomenclature
B956–07
FIG. 2 Outside Diameter and Inside Diameter Enhanced Tube Nomenclature
FIG. 3 Inside Diameter Enhanced Tube Nomenclature
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
Copper or
Copper
Nickel, Other
Lead,
Alloy
Copper Tin Aluminum incl Iron Zinc Manganese Arsenic Antimony Phosphorus Chromium Named
max
UNS No.
Cobalt Elements
A
C12000 99.90 min . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.004–0.012 . . . . . .
A
C12200 99.9 min . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.015–0.040 . . .
B
C19200 98.5 min . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8–1.2 0.20 max . . . . . . . . . 0.01–0.04 . . . . . .
B
C23000 84.0–86.0 . . . . . . . . . 0.05 0.05 max remainder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C
C44300 70.0–73.0 0.9–1.2 . . . . . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . . 0.02–0.06 . . . . . . . . . . . .
C
C44400 70.0–73.0 0.9–1.2 . . . . . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . . . . . 0.02–0.10 . . . . . . . . .
C
C44500 70.0–73.0 0.9–1.2 . . . . . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . . . . . . . . 0.02–0.10 . . . . . .
A,D
C68700 76.0–79.0 . . . 1.8–2.5 . . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . . 0.02–0.06 . . . . . . . . . . . .
A,D
C70400 remainder . . . . . . 4.8–6.2 0.05 1.3–1.7 1.0 max 0.30–0.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A,D
C70600 remainder . . . . . . 9.0–11.0 0.05 1.0–1.8 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A,D
C70620 86.5 min . . . . . . 9.0–11.0 0.02 1.0–1.8 0.50 max 1.0 max . . . . . . 0.02 max . . . 0.05 C max
0.02 S max
A,D,E
C71000 remainder . . . . . . 19.0–23.0 0.05 1.0 max 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . . . . . . . . .
A,D
C71500 remainder . . . . . . 29.0–33.0 0.05 0.40–1.0 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A,D
C71520 65.0 min . . . . . . 29.0–33.0 0.02 0.40–1.0 0.50 max 1.0 max . . . . . . 0.02 max . . . 0.05 C max
0.02 S max
A,B,E
C72200 remainder . . . . . . 15.0–18.0 0.05 0.50–1.0 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . . . . . . 0.30–0.7 0.03 Si max
0.03 Ti max
A
Copper (including silver).
B
Cu + Sum of Named Elements, 99.8 % min.
C
Cu + Sum of Named Elements, 99.6 % min.
D
Cu + Sum of Named Elements, 99.5 % min.
E
When the product is for subsequent welding applications, and so specified in the contract or purchase order, zinc shall be 0.50 % max, lead 0.02 % max, phosphorus
0.02 % max, sulfur 0.02 % max, and carbon 0.05 % max.
7.2.1 Copper Alloy C19200—Copper may be taken as the 7.2.2 For alloys in which copper is specified as the remain-
difference between the sum of results for all specified elements der, copper may be taken as the difference between the sum of
and 100 %. When all elements specified, including copper, are the results for all specified elements and 100 % for the
determined, their sum shall be 99.8 % minimum. particular alloy.
B956–07
7.2.2.1 When analyzed, copper plus the sum of results for 8.2 Tubes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C23000, C44300,
specified elements shall conform with the requirements shown C44400, C44500, and C68700 shall be furnished in the
in the following table: annealed temper or the stress relieved condition as specified in
the purchase order unless otherwise agreed upon between the
Copper Plus Named Elements,
Copper Alloy UNS No.
%min
purchaser and the manufacturer.
C70400 99.5
8.3 Tubes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C12200, C19400,
C70600 99.5
C70620 99.5 C70400, C70600, C71000, C71500, and C72200 are normally
C71000 99.5
supplied in the temper specified in the purchase order without
C71500 99.5
stress relief treatment.
C71520 99.5
C72200 99.8
NOTE 2—Some tubes, when subjected to aggressive environments, may
7.2.3 For alloys in which zinc is specified as the remainder, be subject to stress-corrosion cracking because of the residual tensile
stresses developed in the enhancing process. For such applications, it is
either copper or zinc may be taken as the difference between
suggested that tubes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C23000, C44300,
the sum of the results of specified elements analyzed and
C44400, C44500, and C68700 are subjected to a stress relieving thermal
100 %.
treatment subsequent to the enhancement process. In Specification B 359
7.2.3.1 Whenallspecifiedelementsaredetermined,thesum
the stress relief anneal is mandatory for brass alloys.
of results plus copper shall be as follows:
Copper Plus Named Elements,
9. Grain Size for Annealed Tempers
Copper Alloy UNS No.
%min
C23000 99.8 9.1 Samples of annealed temper tubes shall be examined at
C44300, C44400, C44500 99.6
a magnification of 75 diameters. The grain size shall be
C68700 99.5
determined in the wall beneath the internal enhancement.
While there is not grain size range, the microstructure shall
8. Temper
show complete recrystallization and the weld zone shall have a
8.1 Tempers, as defined in Classification B 601 and this
structure typical of hot-forged welds.
specification, are as follows:
8.1.1 The tube, after enhancing, shall be supplied, as speci-
10. Mechanical Property Requirements
fied, in the annealed (061) or as-fabricated temper.
10.1 Tensile Strength and Yield Strength Requirements:
8.1.1.1 The enhanced sections of tubes in the as-fabricated
10.1.1 Product furnished under this specification shall con-
temper are in the cold formed condition produced by the
fabricating operation. form to the tensile and yield strength requirements prescribed
in Table 2 when tested in accordance with Test MethodE8.
8.1.1.2 The unenhanced sections of tubes in the as-
fabricated temper are in the temper of the tube prior to 10.1.2 Acceptance or rejection based upon mechanical
enhancing, welded and annealed (WO61), welded and light properties shall depend only on tensile strength and yield
cold-worked (WC55) and suitable for rolling-in operations. strength.
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements
B
Copper or Tensile Strength Yield Strength
Temper Designation
Copper Alloy min min
A A
Standard Former
UNS No. ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa]
C
C12000, C12200, WO61 annealed 30 [205] 9 [62]
C19200 WO61 annealed 38 [260] 12 [85]
C23000 WO61 annealed 40 [275] 12 [85]
C23000 WC55 light cold-worked 42 (290) 20 (138)
C44300, C44400, C44500 WO61 annealed 45 [310] 15 [105]
C44300, C44400, C44500 WC55 light cold-worked 50 (345) 35 (241)
C68700 WO61 annealed 50 [345] 18 [125]
D D
C68700 WC55 light cold-worked
C70400 WO61 annealed 38 [260] 12 [85]
C70400 WC55 light cold-worked 40 (275) 30 (207)
C70600 WO61 annealed 40 [275] 15 [105]
C70600 WC55 light cold-worked 45 (310) 35 (241)
C70620 WO61 annealed 40 [275] 15 [105]
C70620 WC55 light cold-worked
C71000 WO61 annealed 45 [310] 16 [110]
C71000 WC55 light cold-worked 50 (345) 35 (241)
C71500 WO61 annealed 52 [360] 18 [125]
C71500 WC55 light cold-worked 54 (372) 35 (241)
C71520 WO61 annealed 52 [360] 18 [125]
C71520 WC55 light cold-worked
C72200 WO61 annealed 45 [310] 16 [110]
C72200 WC55 light cold-worked 50 (345) 30 (207)
A
ksi = 1000 psi.
B
At 0.5 % extension under load.
C
Light straig
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