91.100.99 - Other construction materials
ICS 91.100.99 Details
Other construction materials
Weitere Baustoffe
Autres materiaux de construction
Drugi gradbeni materiali
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 91.100.99 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Other construction materials". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 140 standards classified under ICS 91.100.99 (Other construction materials). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Plastic composite materials for use as deck boards, stair treads, guards or handrails are evaluated in accordance with Test Method E84 to comply with building or residential code requirements. This Practice describes specimen mounting procedures for such materials.
5.2 The material to be tested shall be representative of the materials used in actual field installations.
Note 2: Test Method E84 assesses the comparative burning behavior of building materials. Thus, this practice addresses specimen preparation and mounting of materials at use thickness, with full width tunnel coverage.
5.3 The limitations for this procedure are those associated with Test Method E84.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a procedure for specimen preparation and mounting when testing plastic composite materials for use as deck boards, stair treads, guards or handrails to assess flame spread index as a surface burning characteristic using Test Method E84.
1.2 This practice applies to plastic composite materials, including plastic lumber and wood-plastic composites. The test specimens shall be self-supporting or held in place by added supports along the test surface, in accordance with Annex A4 of Test Method E84.
1.3 This practice does not provide pass/fail criteria that can be used as a regulatory tool.
1.4 This practice is applicable to (a) materials that are self-supporting and (b) materials that are not self-supporting but where the test specimen is held in place by added supports throughout the test duration without such severe sagging that it interferes with the effect of the gas flame on the test specimen.
Note 1: Paragraph 1.4 reflects requirements contained in plastic lumber specifications.
1.5 Use the values stated in inch-pound units as the standard in referee decisions. The values in the SI system of units are given in parentheses, for information only; see IEEE/ASTM SI-10 for further details.
1.6 This fire standard cannot be used to provide quantitative measures.
1.7 Fire testing of products and materials is inherently hazardous and adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests. Fire testing involves hazardous materials, operations and equipment.
1.8 This practice gives instructions on specimen preparation and mounting but the fire-test-response method shall be conducted in accordance with Test Method E84. See also Section 8 for information on operator safety.
1.9 The text of this practice references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered requirements of the standard.
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method utilizes large-scale testing equipment and procedures established at a variety of testing laboratories over the last 30 years.
5.2 This method is useful in evaluating ECPs and their installation to reduce soil loss and sediment concentrations when exposed to defined rainfall conditions and improving water quality exiting the area disturbed by earthwork activity by reducing suspended solids and turbidity.
5.3 This test method is a performance test, but can also be used for acceptance testing to determine product conformance to project specifications. For project-specific conformance, unique project-specific conditions should be considered. Caution is advised since information regarding laboratory specific precision is incomplete at this time, and differences in soil and other environmental and geotechnical conditions may affect ECP performance.
5.4 This standard can also be used as a comparative tool for evaluating the erosion control characteristics of different ECPs and can also be used to gain agency approvals.
Note 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to evaluate the ability of erosion control products (ECP) to protect slopes from rainfall-induced erosion using an adjustable tilting bed slope. The standard slopes range from 2.5:1 to 4:1 (H:V) having target rainfall intensities between 4.0 and 5.0 in./h [100 and 125 mm/h].
1.2 There are three main elements the ECPs must have the ability to perform: 1. Absorb the impact force of raindrops, thereby reducing soil particle loosening and detachment through “splash” mechanisms; 2. Slow runoff and encourage infiltration, thereby reducing soil particle displacement and transport through “overland flow” mechanisms; and 3. Trap soil particles beneath the ECP. When comparing data from different ECPs under consideration, it is important to keep the test conditions the same for the ECPs being evaluated, for example, the rainfall intensity rate and the slope.
1.3 The results of this test method can be used to evaluate performance and acceptability, and can be used to compare the effectiveness of different ECPs. This method provides a comparative evaluation of an ECP to baseline bare soil conditions under controlled and documented conditions. This test method can provide information about a product that is under consideration for a specific application where no performance information currently exists.
1.4 This test method covers the use of three different soil types, ECP installation: sprayed, rolled, or dry applied, and a runoff collection procedure. This test is typically performed indoors, but may be performed outside as long as certain requirements are met. Partially enclosed facilities are acceptable providing the environmental conditions are met.
1.5 Units—The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. Reporting of test results in units other than inch-pound shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.
1.5.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In the system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the units for mass is s...
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide identifies proper layout, installation, and hydration procedures along with equipment for use by GCCM designers, inspectors, and installers.
4.2 Applications—Typical GCCM applications may include but are not limited to:
4.2.1 Hydraulic structure armoring or protection, including but not limited to: ditches, swales, canals, flumes, and other similar structures.
4.2.2 Slope protection.
4.2.3 Berm and bund lining and protection.
4.2.4 Culvert invert lining.
4.2.5 Scour protection at culvert inlets and outlets.
4.2.6 Remediation of existing concrete channels and structures.
4.2.7 Lining of outfalls and spillways.
4.2.8 Mow strips or weed suppression.
4.2.9 Lagoons and secondary containment berms (using GCCBs).
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers directions for the installation of geosynthetic cementitious composite mat (GCCM) materials under field conditions typically present in erosion control, hydraulic structure armoring and protection, and protection applications. This guide also covers directions for the installation of a special category of GCCMs known as geosynthetic cementitious composite barrier (GCCB) materials, under field conditions typically present in geotechnical or civil engineering applications, with the purpose of reducing or preventing the flow of fluid through the construction.
1.2 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values in inch-pound units are in parentheses for information.
1.3 This guide contains general guidelines. It is not intended to replace project-specific installation requirements. In the event of a conflict between the two, the requirements of the project specifications will supersede the requirements of this guide.
1.4 This is not an all-inclusive guide, and some projects will be beyond the scope of this guide.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Guide8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Thickness is one of the basic physical properties used to control the quality of rolled erosion control products. Thickness values may aid in the calculation of other rolled erosion control product parameters. Thickness, however, is not generally an indication of field performance and generally should not be used in specifications. This test method is developed to aid manufacturers, designers, and end users in comparing the thickness of rolled erosion control products through the use of an accepted ASTM standard.
5.2 The thickness of rolled erosion control products may vary considerably depending on the pressure applied to the specimen during measurement. Where observed changes occur, thickness decreases when applied pressure is increased. To minimize variation, specific sample size and applied pressure are indicated in this test method to ensure all results are comparable.
5.3 This test method may be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of rolled erosion control products, but caution is advised since information on between-laboratory precision is incomplete. Comparative tests in accordance with 5.3.1 may be advised.
5.3.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. At a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are formed from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student’s t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If b...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the nominal thickness of rolled erosion control products.
1.2 This test method does not provide thickness values for rolled erosion control products under variable compressive stresses. This test method determines nominal thickness, not necessarily minimum thickness.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The use of nonreinforced geomembranes as barrier materials has created a need for a test method to evaluate the quality of chemical fusion seams produced by methods other than thermal fusion. This test method is used for quality control purposes and is intended to provide quality control and quality assurance personnel with a method to evaluate seam quality.
4.2 This test method utilizes two methods of sampling and specimen preparation for the purpose of providing a method of specimen preparation when overlapping of the seam does or does not produce a flap suitable for testing purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes destructive quality control and quality assurance tests used to determine the integrity of geomembrane seams produced by adhesive and chemical fusion methods. These test procedures are intended for nonreinforced geomembranes only. This test method utilizes two sampling techniques; Method A is for seams produced without a testing flap, while Method B is for seams that produce a testing flap.
1.2 The rationale behind the two methods is that most seaming processes produce some type of flap on the back side or front side, or both, of the seam to perform peel testing. However, there are some processes in the industry that do not produce any type of flap to perform seam peel testing, and this is where the additional method is needed.
1.3 This method is intended for use with polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-based material seams, but is not limited to PVC.
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.5 Hazardous Materials—Always consult the proper Material Safety Data Sheets for any hazardous materials used for proper ventilation and protection.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides minimum requirements for the application of Direct-applied Exterior Finish Systems. The requirements for materials, mixtures, and details shall be contained in the project plans and specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the minimum requirements and procedures for field application of Direct-applied Exterior Finish Systems (DEFS). Direct-applied exterior finish systems are coating systems applied over various substrates with non-metallic reinforcing mesh, in which the base coat ranges from not less than 1/16 in. (1.6 mm) to 3/32 in. (2.4 mm) in dry thickness, depending on the mass of the reinforcing mesh. This base coat is subsequently covered with a finish coat that is available in a variety of textures and colors.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric values given in parentheses are approximate and are provided for information purposes only.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is intended to create specimens of GCCM products appropriate for testing for the determination of index properties. Cured (hardened) samples are not necessarily intended to represent a field application of GCCM products, but would be representative of the correct amount of water applied to a known style of product and provide a basis for consistent and repeatable index property testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard practice specifies a set of instructions for preparing samples of geosynthetic cementitious composite mat (GCCM) for index property testing.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.
1.3.1 For purposes of comparing measured or calculated value(s) with specified limits, the measured or calculated value(s) shall be rounded to the nearest decimal or significant digits in the specified limits.
1.3.2 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this practice are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be measured. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce the significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this practice to consider significant digits used in the analytical methods for engineering design.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific hazards statements are given in Section 7 on Hazards.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice provides supplemental instructions that allow the use of Test Method D7249/D7249M to determine the open-hole (notched) strength of the sandwich panel facesheets for structural design allowables, material specifications, and research and development. Due to the curvature of the flexural test specimen when loaded, the open-hole sandwich facesheet strength from this test may not be equivalent to the open-hole sandwich facesheet strength of sandwich structures subjected to pure edgewise (in-plane) tension or compression.
5.2 Factors that influence the notched facesheet strength and shall therefore be reported include the following: facesheet material, core material, adhesive material, methods of material fabrication, facesheet stacking sequence and overall thickness, core geometry (cell size), core density, adhesive thickness, specimen geometry (including hole diameter, diameter-to-thickness ratio, and width-to-diameter ratio), specimen preparation (especially of the hole), specimen conditioning, environment of testing, specimen alignment, loading procedure, speed of testing, facesheet void content, adhesive void content, and facesheet volume percent reinforcement. Further, notched facesheet strength may be different between precured/bonded and co-cured facesheets of the same material.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides instructions for modifying the long beam flexure test method to determine open-hole facesheet properties of flat sandwich constructions subjected to flexure in such a manner that the applied moments produce curvature of the sandwich facesheet planes and result in compressive and tensile forces in the facesheets. Permissible core material forms include those with continuous bonding surfaces (such as balsa wood and foams) as well as those with discontinuous bonding surfaces (such as honeycomb). This practice supplements Test Method D7249/D7249M with provisions for testing specimens that contain a centrally located through-hole.
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, to enforce conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.2.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Water permeability is a fundamental physical property that can be used in conjunction with other properties to characterize honeycomb sandwich core materials. Migration testing can be used to characterize and compare the relative permeability of honeycomb core materials to water.
5.2 This test method provides a standard method of characterizing the rate of water migration within honeycomb sandwich core materials for design properties, material specifications, research and development applications, and quality assurance.
5.3 Factors that influence water migration rate characteristics of honeycomb sandwich core materials and shall therefore be reported include the following: core material, methods of material fabrication, core geometry (cell size), core thickness, core thickness uniformity, cell wall thickness, specimen geometry, specimen preparation, specimen conditioning, facing material, facing permeability, adhesive permeability, adhesive thickness, and methods of mass, volume, and water column height measurement.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of water migration in honeycomb core materials.
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.2.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification covers polyolefin-based plastic lumber products for use as exterior residential decking boards. Plastic lumber products are currently made predominantly with recycled polyolefin plastics (in particular high-density polyethylene) where the products are more or less non-homogenous in the cross-section. However, this specification is also potentially applicable to similar manufactured plastic products made from other plastic and plastic composite materials that have non-homogenous cross-sections. Performance requirements to which the products should adhere to are flexural properties (allowable flexural stress, and effective modulus of elasticity and adjustment for creep), dimensional stability during thermal expansion, weatherability (surface appearance and flexural property changes, and hygrothermal cycling), fire properties, and slip resistance. Also detailed here is a procedure to calculate recommended span lengths for spacing of support joists.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers polyolefin-based plastic lumber products for use as exterior residential decking boards.
1.2 Plastic lumber products are currently made predominantly with recycled polyolefin plastics (in particular high-density polyethylene) where the products are more or less non-homogenous in the cross-section. However, this specification is also potentially applicable to similar manufactured plastic products made from other plastic and plastic composite materials that have non-homogenous cross-sections.
1.3 This specification details a procedure to calculate recommended span lengths for spacing of support joists. This procedure was developed using experimental data from a typical unreinforced plastic lumber made predominantly from recycled high-density polyethylene. The methodology to develop span lengths for other types and compositions of plastic lumber is detailed in Appendix X1 of this standard.
1.4 The values are stated in inch-pound units, as these are currently the most common units used by the construction industry. Equivalent SI units are indicated in parentheses. However, the units stated for irradiance exposure in the weatherability section (6.3) are in SI units as these are the units commonly used for testing of this type.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no similar or equivalent ISO Standard.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification15 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification15 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Traditionally, HFTs have been incorporated into laboratory testing devices, such as the heat flow meter apparatus (Test Method C518), that employ controlled temperatures and heat flow paths to effect a thermal measurement. The application of heat flux transducers and temperature transducers to building components in situ can produce quantitative information about building thermal performance that reflects the existing properties of the building under actual thermal conditions. The literature contains a sample of reports on how these measurements have been used (1-8).3
5.2 The major advantage of this practice is the potential simplicity and ease of application of the sensors. To avoid spurious information, users of HFTs shall: (1) employ an appropriate S, (2) mask the sensors properly, (3) accommodate the time constants of the sensors and the building components, and (4) account for possible distortions of any heat flow paths attributable to the nature of the building construction or the location, size, and thermal resistance of the transducers.
5.3 The user of HFTs and TTs for measurements on buildings shall understand principles of heat flux in building components and have competence to accommodate the following:
5.3.1 Choose sensor sites using building plans, specifications and thermography to determine that the measurement represents the required conditions.
5.3.2 A single HFT site is not representative of a building component. The measurement at an HFT site represents the conditions at the sensing location of the HFT. Use thermography appropriately to identify average and extreme conditions and large surface areas for integration. Use multiple sensor sites to assess overall performance of a building component.
5.3.3 A given HFT calibration is not applicable for all measurements. The HFT disturbs heat flow at the measurement site in a manner unique to the surrounding materials (9, 10); this affects the conversion constant, S, to be used. The us...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a technique for using heat flux transducers (HFTs) and temperature transducers (TTs) in measurements of the in-situ dynamic or steady-state thermal behavior of opaque components of building envelopes. The applications for such data include determination of thermal resistances or of thermal time constants. However, such uses are beyond the scope of this practice (for information on determining thermal resistances, see Practice C1155).
1.2 Use infrared thermography with this technique to locate appropriate sites for HFTs and TTs (hereafter called sensors), unless subsurface conditions are known.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification covers rigid closed-cell polyurethane and polyisocyanurate thermal insulation foams for application in sandwich structural panel cores used in shelter construction for exposure to specified ambient temperatures. The unfaced foam thermal insulation boards are classified into three types (Types 1, 2, 3, and 4) according to increasing nominal density. The morphology of the insulation shall consist of a multitude of individual cells of uniform size and dimension, essentially closed off from each other, homogeneous throughout, free of voids, accumulations of unexpanded material, foreign inclusions, or seams. Upon undergoing appropriate acceptance tests, sampled specimens should adhere accordingly to the limiting values set for the following physical and mechanical properties: density; thermal conductivity; compressive strength; shear strength; percent closed cell; linear and volumetric dimensional stability; flame resistance (extinguish time and burn distance); and impact resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers rigid, closed cell, polyurethane and polyisocyanurate thermal insulation for sandwich panels used in shelter construction for exposure to ambient temperatures of −25 to 160 °F (−32 to 71 °C). Painted surfaces of shelters in actual field use reach temperatures of 200 °F (93 °C). The materials in this specification must be capable of withstanding processing, (laminating) temperatures of 230 °F (110 °C).
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 12, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Technical specification5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides minimum requirements for the application of Class PB EIFS and EIFS with Drainage (see Specification E2568). The requirements for materials, mixtures, and details shall be contained in the project plans and specifications. See Guide E1825 for guidance.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the minimum requirements and procedures for field or prefabricated application of Class PB Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) and EIFS with Drainage. Class PB EIFS are systems applied over insulation board, in which the base coat ranges from not less than 1/16 in. (1.6 mm) to 1/4 in. (6.4 mm) in dry thickness, depending upon the number of nonmetallic reinforcing mesh layers encapsulated in the base coat (see Specification E2568). The base coat is then covered with a finish coat of varying thickness in a variety of textures and colors. EIFS with Drainage provides a mechanism to drain incidental moisture
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The text of this practice references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as a requirement of the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document describes the test method for the determination of moisture penetration index and specifies the requirements for limit values for insulating glass units made
a) in accordance with EN 1279 1:2018 and manufactured to EN 1279 6:2018; or
b) for the purpose to demonstrate that components (e.g. edge seals or spacers) will allow the insulating glass unit to conform to the requirements given in EN 1279 1:2018, Clause 6.
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ABSTRACT
This specification establishes of the requirements for pre-patinated (artificially aged) copper sheets and strips in ounce-weight thicknesses supplied in flat lengths for roofing, flashing, and other architectural applications. Materials made to this specification are not intended to be used for electrical applications. The pre-patinated surface shall not be the result of coating applications such as painting, but rather the result of chemical treatment that artificially ages the base metal to form green- to turquoise-colored protective layer. Products shall be produced in tempers H00 (eighth hard, cold-rolled), H01 (quarter hard, cold-rolled high yield), and H02 (half hard). Products shall be tested to examine their conformance to dimensional (mass, thickness, weight, width, length, and straightness), mechanical (tensile and yield strengths, and Rockwell hardness), and chemical composition requirements. Products shall also undergo color fade resistance and resistance to flaking tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the establishment of the requirements for pre-patinated (artificially aged) copper sheet and strip in ounce-weight thicknesses supplied in flat lengths for roofing, flashing, and other architectural applications.
1.2 The pre-patinated surface is the result of chemical reaction with the copper and shall be applied on one side of the product.
1.2.1 The pre-patinated surface formed is comparable in color and ability to be bent or formed to the surface formed in naturally occurring patinated copper.
1.3 The pre-patinated surface is not the result of coating applications such as painting.
1.4 Materials made to this specification are not intended to be used for electrical applications.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 1: A companion specification for copper sheet and strip for building construction is Specification B370.
1.6 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portion, Section 12, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Maintenance of adequate tensile adhesion of EIFS components to each other, and to the substrate are essential for long term performance of the system.
5.2 The tensile-adhesion properties obtained by this test method are not purported to be representative of wind load or other structural and moisture related properties of the EIFS wall assembly. Tensile-adhesion properties using this test method are used as one of the factors in evaluating substrates and to compare adhesives.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the tensile-adhesion performance of an exterior insulation and finish System (EIFS) or its individual components by two different procedures: Procedure A, Dry Conditioning and Testing of Specimens; and Procedure B, Wet Conditioning and Testing of Specimens.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended to provide the user with a procedure to determine the fluidity of CLSM mixtures for use as backfill or structural fill.
5.2 This test method is considered applicable to fresh CLSM containing only sand as the aggregate or having coarse aggregate smaller than 19.0 mm [3/4 in.]. If the coarse aggregate is larger than 19.0 mm [3/4 in.], the test method is applicable when it is made on the fraction of CLSM passing a 19.0 mm [3/4 in.] sieve, with the larger aggregate being removed in accordance with the section on Additional Procedures for Large Maximum size Aggregate Concrete in Practice C172/C172M.
Note 1: Removing the coarse aggregate will alter the characteristics of the mix and therefore will give information only about the remaining material. It is suggested that for mixes containing coarse aggregate 19.0 mm [3/4 in.] or larger, a measurement of the slump by Test Method C143/C143M is more appropriate.
5.3 For non-flowable CLSM, or for mixtures that do not come out of the flow cylinder easily, measure the slump as outlined in Test Method C143/C143M.
5.4 This test method is one of a series of quality control tests that can be performed on CLSM during construction to monitor compliance with specification requirements. The other tests that can be used during construction control are Test Methods D4832, D6023, and D6024/D6024M.
Note 2: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determination of the flow consistency of fresh Controlled Low Strength Material (CLSM). This test method applies to flowable CLSM with a maximum particle size of 19.0 mm [3/4 in.] or less, or to the portion of CLSM that passes a 19.0 mm [3/4 in.] sieve.
1.2 The CLSM used to make the molded specimens shall be sampled after all on-site adjustments have been made to the mixture proportions, including the addition of mix water and any admixtures.
1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026 unless superseded by this test method.
1.3.1 The method used to specify how data are collected, calculated, or recorded in this standard is not directly related to the accuracy to which the data can be applied in design or other uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this standard is beyond its scope.
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.4.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight) while the unit for mass is slugs. The rationalized slug unit is not given, unless dynamic (F=ma) calculations are involved.
1.4.2 It is common practice in the engineering/construction profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) and of force (lbf). This implicitly combines two separate systems of units: that is, the absolute system and the gravitational system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single standard. As stated, this standard includes the gravitational sys...
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers the design, construction, and weatherability of structural standing seam aluminum roof panel systems. It includes performance requirements for the following elements only: panels, concealed panel clips, panel/clip anchorage, and panel joint sealers. Structural panels shall be designed in accordance with the required specifications for aluminum structures and in accordance with sound engineering methods and practices. The static load capacity and uplift index shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. Connections of panels to structural members shall be made with concealed panel clips compatible with the panel design. A fixing line is required to anchor roof panels in order to maintain end alignment and to resist in-plane gravity and thermal force components. Panel-to-panel sidelap connections and endlaps shall be weathertight. Panels of maximum practicable lengths shall be used to minimize endlaps.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the design, construction, and weatherability of structural standing seam aluminum roof panel systems. It includes performance requirements for the following elements only: panels, concealed panel clips, panel/clip anchorage, and panel joint sealers.
Note 1: These systems are used on both low-slope and steep-slope roof applications. They also are used with or without an underlying deck or sheathing.
1.2 The objective of this specification is to provide for the overall performance of the structural standing seam aluminum roof panel system as defined in 3.2.6 during its service life in order to provide weather protection, carry the specified design loads, and allow proper access over the roof surface in order to provide for periodic maintenance of the equipment by the building owner.
1.3 In addition to structural characteristics, the specifier shall evaluate other characteristics beyond the scope of this specification that affect the final choice of roof construction. These include, but are not limited to, functional, legal, insurance, and economic considerations. See Appendix X1 for the specifier's checklist.
1.4 This specification is not intended to exclude products or systems not covered by the referenced documents.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 The text of this specification contains notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information and are not requirements of this specification.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers terms and definitions pertaining to materials and processes used in the design and application of exterior insulation and finish systems (EIFS).
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- Standard3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This European Standard specifies requirements for adhesives intended for use in the creation and general assembly of load-bearing, structural elements used in civil engineering works and the construction of buildings. Other than the exceptions stated, it embraces all combinations of bonded materials, used to create or repair load-bearing elements.
It covers individual adhesives and special purpose kits comprising various combinations of adhesive types and components.
It includes test methods and methods of assessment.
The performance requirements in this standard may not be applicable to highly specialised applications in extreme environmental conditions, e.g. cryogenic use, nor do they cover specialised circumstances such as accidental impact, e.g. due to traffic or ice, or earthquake loading where specific performance requirements will apply.
The intended use is for internal and external construction elements and those cladding and covering elements (excluding ceramic tiles) specifically required, by regulatory authorities, to provide protection from fire in identified building zones, including escape routes.
This European Standard does not cover:
- Prefabricated, bonded structural components;
- Concrete bonded either to itself or steel or a material based on carbon fibre;
- Wood, when bonded to itself to form a timber based, laminated beam [of the type known as a ‘Glulam’ beam] intended for use as a major structural, load bearing element;
- Thermoplastics [e.g. polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide and fluorinated polymers in general] unless they have been specifically prepared [usually through a specialised oxidative process] for bonded assembly on site;
- Co-axial metallic assemblies comprising fasteners- threaded and otherwise, pipes and tubes;
- Glass assemblies in structural glazing applications made using silicone adhesives;
- Those structural elements that are permanently immersed in water.
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This European Standard defines coating materials designed to cover all backgrounds and substrates in traditional materials or compliant with the standards in force, whether new or existing, bare or coated, absorbent or non-absorbent, smooth or rough, in order to prepare them to receive a paint or related system, or a bonded cover, whether specific or not. More generally intended to improve the surface appearance, they can also:
- not be over-coated;
- create a textured appearance or not;
- be treated/coloured or not (pigments, wax, etc.).
Exterior fillers are not intended as top coat.
Interior coating materials with grain size over 1 mm are not covered by this European Standard.
Fillers specifically intended for wooden and metal substrates are not covered by this European Standard.
This European Standard complies with the general system for classification of water-borne coating materials and coating systems for interior walls and ceilings described in EN 13300.
This European Standard complies with the general system for the description of coating materials and coating systems for exterior masonry and concrete described in EN 1062 1.
The essential function of fillers is therefore a decorative function. Therefore, these fillers are considered here as preparatory and/or decorative fillers, of smooth or textured appearance.
NOTE Nothing prevents preparatory surface filler from being coated with a paint system comprising protective functions.
However, they are not suitable for truing of backgrounds, without specifications regarding the verticality, angularity or flatness under a 2-m straight edge, or thickness. Their application never requires, to ensure they bond correctly, the prior application of a rigid reinforcement such as a lathwork or wire mesh, or a spatter-dash or bagging or scoring of the surface between two coats. They may nevertheless incorporate a flexible reinforcement (strip of natural or synthetic fabric) for example along joints between different or same materials, in order to limit visible cracking.
Under these conditions, this European Standard does not concern products covered by the following standards: EN 998 1, EN 998 2, EN 15824, EN 13279 1, EN 13963, EN 12860, EN 13813, EN ISO 11600.
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This European Standard defines coating materials designed to cover all backgrounds and substrates in traditional materials or compliant with the standards in force, whether new or existing, bare or coated, absorbent or non-absorbent, smooth or rough, in order to prepare them to receive a paint or related system, or a bonded cover, whether specific or not. More generally intended to improve the surface appearance, they can also:
- not be over-coated;
- create a textured appearance or not;
- be treated/coloured or not (pigments, wax, etc.).
Exterior fillers are not intended as top coat.
Interior coating materials with grain size over 1 mm are not covered by this European Standard.
Fillers specifically intended for wooden and metal substrates are not covered by this European Standard.
This European Standard complies with the general system for classification of water-borne coating materials and coating systems for interior walls and ceilings described in EN 13300.
This European Standard complies with the general system for the description of coating materials and coating systems for exterior masonry and concrete described in EN 1062 1.
The essential function of fillers is therefore a decorative function. Therefore, these fillers are considered here as preparatory and/or decorative fillers, of smooth or textured appearance.
NOTE Nothing prevents preparatory surface filler from being coated with a paint system comprising protective functions.
However, they are not suitable for truing of backgrounds, without specifications regarding the verticality, angularity or flatness under a 2-m straight edge, or thickness. Their application never requires, to ensure they bond correctly, the prior application of a rigid reinforcement such as a lathwork or wire mesh, or a spatter-dash or bagging or scoring of the surface between two coats. They may nevertheless incorporate a flexible reinforcement (strip of natural or synthetic fabric) for example along joints between different or same materials, in order to limit visible cracking.
Under these conditions, this European Standard does not concern products covered by the following standards: EN 998 1, EN 998 2, EN 15824, EN 13279 1, EN 13963, EN 12860, EN 13813, EN ISO 11600.
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This European Standard specifies the equipment and procedures for determining the water vapour transmission rate, water vapour permeance and water vapour permeability of test specimens in the steady state under different sets of specified test conditions. It is applicable to thermal insulating products.
It is intended to be used for homogeneous materials and for products which may contain integral skins or facings of different material(s).
A material is considered to be homogeneous, with regard to mass distribution, if its density is approximately the same throughout, i.e. if the measured density values are close to its mean density.
This test method is not normally used for determining the water vapour transmission properties of single, separate vapour barriers (of high diffusion resistance), such as prefabricated films, foils, membranes or sheets, due to the long duration of the test. For products with a vapour retarder or barrier with a water vapour diffusion equivalent air layer thickness sd 1 000 m (see 3.6) other test methods e.g. IR-detection can be used for measuring the single separate vapour retarder or barrier, provided that the results obtained are in the same range as the values measured in accordance with this standard.
The water vapour transmission rate and permeance values are specific to the test specimen (i.e. the product) thickness tested. For homogeneous products, the water vapour permeability is a property of the material.
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This European Standard specifies equipment and procedures for determining the behaviour of products under a force applied to a small area of a test specimen at a given speed. It is applicable to thermal insulating products.
This European Standard can be used to determine whether the products have sufficient strength to withstand forces applied directly to them either during installation or during application, mainly caused by pedestrian traffic.
NOTE The test methods given in the main body of the standard and in Annex A are reported and interpreted in different ways. The similarities that exist between the methods are not sufficient to permit reasonable comparisons to be made.
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This European Standard specifies the equipment and procedures for determining shear behaviour. It is applicable to thermal insulating products.
NOTE The tests described in this standard do not determine pure shear behaviour, but measure the effects of applying two opposite parallel forces to the major faces of the test specimen. The test is however called shear in this text by convention. The application of a force tangentially to the major surface of the test specimen is considered to represent more closely the stresses imposed upon thermal insulation products in many building applications, particularly walls, than other methods of measuring shear performance e.g. bending tests.
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This European Standard specifies the equipment and procedures for determining the bending behaviour of full size products (Method A) and test specimens (Method B) under the action of three-point loading. It is applicable to thermal insulating products.
The test is designed to determine the bending strength of products and their deflection at a given load.
The method can be used to determine the resistance of the product to bending stresses during transport and application.
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This European Standard specifies the equipment and procedure for determining the deviation from squareness for length, width and/or thickness of full-size products. It is applicable to thermal insulating products. The method is normally applicable to products with straight edges. For products of other shape, e.g. profiled edges, the method can be adapted accordingly.
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This European Standard specifies the measurement of dimensional change of a hydraulic setting smoothing and/or levelling compound which is referred to in the following as "smoothing and/or levelling compound".
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This European Standard specifies the measurement of dimensional change of a hydraulic setting smoothing and/or levelling compound which is referred to in the following as "smoothing and/or levelling compound".
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This standard describes procedures of evaluation of sample data by means of a two-parameter WEIBULL distribution function.
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This European Standard specifies a test method to evaluate the effect of hydrophobic impregnation on the drying rate coefficient of impregnated specimens. The method primarily relates to the protection of concrete structures.
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This European Standard specifies a test method for the determination of bond strength between a cured hydraulic setting smoothing and/or levelling com-pound which is referred to as "smoothing and/or levelling compound", and a standard substrate.
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This European Standard specifies the measurement of setting time of a hydraulic setting smoothing and/or levelling compound which is referred to as "smoothing and/or levelling compound", after mixing.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies a test method for the determination of bond strength between a cured hydraulic setting smoothing and/or levelling com-pound which is referred to as "smoothing and/or levelling compound", and a standard substrate.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies the measurement of setting time of a hydraulic setting smoothing and/or levelling compound which is referred to as "smoothing and/or levelling compound", after mixing.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies a test method to evaluate the effect of hydrophobic impregnation on the drying rate coefficient of impregnated specimens. The method primarily relates to the protection of concrete structures.
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This European Standard specifies the procedure for mixing hydraulic setting smoothing and/or levelling compounds with water and/or a liquid component as supplied by the manufacturer.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies a test method to assess the flow characteristics of a hydraulic setting floor smoothing and/or levelling compounds. Hydraulic setting floor smoothing and/or levelling compounds are referred to as "smoothing and/or levelling compound" when mixed with water and/or mixing liquid according to the manufacturers' instructions.
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This European Standard specifies the procedure for mixing hydraulic setting smoothing and/or levelling compounds with water and/or a liquid component as supplied by the manufacturer.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies a test method to assess the flow characteristics of a hydraulic setting floor smoothing and/or levelling compounds. Hydraulic setting floor smoothing and/or levelling compounds are referred to as "smoothing and/or levelling compound" when mixed with water and/or mixing liquid according to the manufacturers' instructions.
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This European standard specifies equipment and procedures to condition a thermal insulating product to equilibrium moisture content at (23+/-2)°C and (50+/-5)% relative humidity. The standard is also applicable to thermal insulating products with moulded skins but is not normally relevant for faced products or for products with other surface treatments.
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This document specifies terms and definitions of engineered stone intended for use in finished products such as countertops and vanities, floor and wall coverings and accessories including its raw materials, manufacturing, fabrication and installation.
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- Draft8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This European Standard specifies the equipment and procedures for determining the length and width of full-size products. It is applicable to thermal insulating products.
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This European Standard specifies the equipment and procedures for determining the long-term water absorption of test specimens by diffusion. It is applicable to thermal insulating products. It is intended to simulate the water absorption of products subjected to high relative humidities, approximating to 100 %, on both sides and subjected to a water vapour pressure gradient for a long period of time e.g. inverted roof or unprotected ground insulation.
The test is not applicable for all types of thermal insulating products. The product standard should state for which of its products, if any, this test is applicable.
NOTE For unprotected ground insulation, the temperature of 50 C might be replaced by a lower temperature, when more data is available.
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This European Standard specifies the equipment and procedures for determining the long-term water absorption of test specimens. It is applicable to thermal insulating products.
This European Standard specifies two options:
- Method 1 - partial immersion
- Method 2 - total immersion
The long-term water absorption by partial immersion is intended to simulate the water absorption caused by long term water exposure.
The long-term water absorption by total immersion is not directly related to the conditions on site, but has been recognised as a relevant condition of test for some products in some applications.
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This European Standard specifies the equipment and procedures for determining the effect of successive cycling from dry conditions at -20 °C to wet conditions at 20 °C on the mechanical properties and moisture content of the product. It is applicable to thermal insulating products.
It is intended to simulate freeze-thaw effects on thermal insulating products which are frequently exposed to water and low temperature conditions, e.g. inverted roofs and unprotected ground insulation.
This test method is not recommended for all thermal insulating products. If relevant, the product standards will state for which products this standard is applicable.
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This European Standard specifies the equipment and procedures for determining the thickness of thermal insulating products for impact sound insulation in floating floor applications.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies the equipment and procedures for determining the thickness of full-size products. It is applicable to thermal insulating products.
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This European Standard specifies the equipment and procedures for determining the deviation from flatness for full-size products. It is applicable to thermal insulating products.
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This European Standard specifies the equipment and procedures to be used when determining the compression behaviour of test specimens. It is applicable to thermal insulating products and can be used to determine the compressive stress in compressive creep tests and for applications in which insulation products are only exposed to short-term loads.
The method can be used for quality control purposes. It may also be employed to obtain reference values from which design values can be calculated using safety factors.
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