ISO/TC 39/SC 10 - Safety

This document specifies safety requirements and/or protective measures applicable to EDM equipment and EDM systems intended to be adopted by persons undertaking their design, construction, installation and/or supply, such as: — manually controlled EDM die sinking or EDM drilling machines; — numerically controlled EDM die sinking or EDM drilling machines; and — numerically controlled EDM wire cutting machines. This document also includes information to be provided by the manufacturer to the user. This document is not applicable to arc eroding and electro-chemical machining equipment. This document takes account of the precondition of the intended use as well as the reasonably foreseeable misuse, in normal workshop environments and non-explosive atmospheres, including transportation, installation, setting, maintenance, repair and dismantling for removal or disposal of EDM equipment and EDM systems. This document is also applicable to auxiliary devices essential for EDM processing. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to EDM equipment and EDM systems, where they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). This document is intended to apply to machines manufactured after the date of publication of this document. When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or -B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard. This document defines required performance level and safety categories of the safety-related parts of the control system for EDM equipment and EDM systems as defined in ISO 13849-1:2015.

This document, in addition to ISO 16092-1, specifies the technical safety requirements and measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the design, manufacture and supply of pneumatic presses which are intended to work cold metal or material partly of cold metal. This document deals with all significant hazards relevant for pneumatic presses, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). All the phases of the lifetime of the machinery as described in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, have been taken into consideration.

This document, in addition to ISO 16092-1, specifies technical safety requirements and measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the design, manufacture and supply of the following groups of mechanical presses and mechanical press production systems: — Group 1: Presses with a part revolution clutch(es); — Group 2: Presses with a servo drive system (Mechanical servo presses). NOTE 1 Requirements in this document are essentially applicable to both groups of the mechanical press. If a requirement applies to only one group, then the group is specified. NOTE 2 Other types of motorized drive systems provide similar functionalities to what is commonly called "servo drives" or "servo motors", and as such their use is considered the same within the terms used in this document (e.g. variable frequency drive systems). The presses covered by this document range in size from small high-speed machines with a single operator producing small workpieces to large relatively slow-speed machines with several operators and large complex workpieces. This document deals with all significant hazards relevant to mechanical presses and ancillary devices (e.g. moving die cushions, work-piece ejectors, feeding and transfer systems) which are integral to the machine, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). All phases of the machine life cycle as described in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4 have been taken into consideration. NOTE 2 All significant hazards means those identified or associated with presses at the time of the publication of this document. In addition to machines not covered by ISO 16092-1:2017, this document does not cover machines which: a) transmit energy to impart press slide motion by using hydraulic or pneumatic means; b) have two or more slides moving in different angular orientations from each other; NOTE 3 This document applies to presses which have two or more slides moving in the same angular orientations, e.g. a press which has inner and outer slides. c) transmit energy to impart press slide motion by using a linear motor mechanism(s).

ISO 16092-3:2017, in addition to ISO 16092‑1, specifies the technical safety requirements and measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the design, manufacture and supply of hydraulic presses which are intended to work cold metal or material partly made up of cold metal. The presses covered by this document range in size from small high-speed machines with a single operator producing small workpieces to large relatively slow-speed machines with several operators and large complex workpieces. ISO 16092-3:2017 deals with all significant hazards relevant for hydraulic presses when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). All the phases of the lifetime of the machinery as described in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4 have been taken into consideration.

ISO 16090-1:2017 specifies the technical safety requirements and protective measures for the design, construction and supply (including installation and dismantling, with arrangements for transport and maintenance) of stationary milling machines (see 3.1.1), including machines capable of performing boring operations (see 3.1.2), machining centres and transfer machines which are intended to cut cold metal, and other non-combustible cold materials except for wood or materials with physical characteristics similar to those of wood as defined in ISO 19085‑1, and for glass, stone and engineered/agglomerated materials as defined in EN 14618. ISO 16090-1:2017 covers the following machines: a) manually, without numerical control, operated boring and milling machines (see 3.2.1, Group 1), e.g. knee and column type milling machines (see Figures C.1 and C.2); b) manually, with limited numerical control, operated boring and milling machines (see 3.2.2, Group 2), e.g. profile and contouring milling machines (see Figures C.3 and C.4); c) numerically controlled milling machines and machining centres (see 3.2.3, Group 3), e.g. automatic milling machines and milling centres, e.g. multi-spindle milling machines, gear-milling machines (see Figures C.5, C.6 and C.7); d) transfer and special-purpose machines (see 3.2.4, Group 4), which are designed to process only pre-specified workpieces or limited range of similar workpieces by means of a predetermined sequence of machining operations and process parameters (see Figures C.8, C.9, C.10, C.11, C.12 and C.13). ISO 16090-1:2017 also applies to machines fitted with the following devices/facilities: - tool magazine(s); - tool changer(s); - workpiece handling mechanism(s); - powered workpiece clamping mechanism(s); - swarf/chip conveyor(s); - power-operated door(s); - additional equipment for turning; - additional equipment for grinding. When in this document the sole word "machine" or "machines" is being used, it is referred to all above-mentioned groups and types of machines. ISO 16090-1:2017 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to this type of machinery which may occur during transportation, assembly and installation, setting, operation, cleaning and maintenance, troubleshooting, dismantling or disabling according to ISO 12100, when the machinery is used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). ISO 16090-1:2017 presumes accessibility to the machine from all directions and specifies access conditions to operator positions. It also applies to workpiece transfer devices including transport devices for loading/unloading when they form an integral part of the machine.

ISO 16092-1:2017 specifies technical safety requirements and measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the design, manufacture and supply of presses which are intended to work cold metal or material partly of cold metal, but which can be used in the same way to work other sheet materials (e.g. cardboard, plastic, rubber, leather, etc.). NOTE 1 The design of a machine includes the study of the machine itself, taking into account all phases of the "life" of the machine mentioned in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, and the drafting of the instructions related to all the above phases. The requirements in this document take account of intended use, as defined in ISO 12100:2010, 3.23, as well as reasonably foreseeable misuse, as defined in ISO 12100:2010, 3.24. This document presumes access to the press from all directions, deals with all significant hazards during the various phases of the life of the machine described in Clause 4, and specifies the safety measures for both the operator and other exposed persons. NOTE 2 All significant hazards means those identified or associated with presses at the time of the publication of this document. ISO 16092-1:2017 applies to presses which can function independently and can also be used as a guide for the design of presses which are intended to be integrated in a manufacturing system. The covered presses transmit force mechanically to cut, form, or work cold metal or other sheet materials by means of tools or dies attached to or operated by slides/ram in range in size from small high speed machines with a single operator producing small workpieces to large relatively slow speed machines with several operators and large workpieces. ISO 16092-1:2017 does not cover machines whose principal designed purpose is: a) metal cutting by guillotine; b) attaching a fastener, e.g. riveting, stapling or stitching; c) bending or folding by press brakes or folding machines; d) straightening; e) turret punch pressing; f) extruding; g) drop forging or drop stamping; h) compaction of metal powder; i) single purpose punching machines designed exclusively for profiles, e.g. used in the construction industry; j) spot welding; k) tube bending; l) working by pneumatic hammer. This document does not cover hazards related to the use of presses in explosive atmospheres. ISO 16092-1:2017 covers the safety requirements related to the use of programmable electronic systems (PES) and programmable pneumatic systems (PPS). ISO 16092-1:2017 is not applicable to presses which are manufactured before the date of its publication. ISO 16092-1:2017 deals with the common significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to presses and ancillary devices which are intended to work cold metal or material partly of cold metal (see Clause 4). This document defines the common safety requirements for presses defined in this clause and shall be used in connection with other parts of the ISO 16092 series. Specific hazards which are related to the type presses used are dealt with in ISO 16092‑2, ISO 16092‑3 and ISO 16092‑4.

ISO 16084:2017 specifies requirements and provides calculations for the permissible static and dynamic residual unbalances of rotating single tools and tool systems. It is based on the guideline that unbalance related centrifugal forces induced by the rotational speed do not harm the spindle bearings, as well as prevent unbalance related impairments of machining processes, tool life and work piece quality. NOTE 1 Tools and tool systems covered by ISO 16084:2017 are, for example, those with hollow taper interfaces (HSK) according to ISO 12164-1 and ISO 12164-2, modular taper interface with ball track system according to the ISO 26622 series polygonal taper interface according to the ISO 26623 series, taper 7/24 according to ISO 7388-1, ISO 7388-2, ISO 9270-1 and ISO 9270-2 related to their individual operating speed. Modular tool systems are another important and complex issue of ISO 16084:2017. Calculations and process descriptions for balancing these components and the assembled tool systems are included. ISO 16084:2017 is putting an important focus on the possible clamping dislocations of tool shanks and their effects on the balancing procedure. These dislocations can occur between a tool or a tool system and the machine tool spindle (e.g. with every tool change), as well as within a modular tool system during its assembly. NOTE 2 Unfavourable process or system conditions (e.g. partial resonances of the machine structure generated by particular rotational speeds) or design and machine-related technical conditions (e.g. the projecting length of the axes, narrow space conditions, vibration susceptible devices, clamping devices and tool design) may lead to increased vibration loads and balancing requirements. This is dependent on the individual interaction of the machine and the tool spindle system and cannot be covered by a standard. A deviation from the recommended limit values of ISO 16084:2017 can be required in individual cases. NOTE 3 Wear of the shank interfaces may lead to possible variations of the clamping situation and thus to worse run-out and balancing conditions. These errors cannot be specifically addressed in a standard.

ISO 16093:2017 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events to sawing machines as defined in Clause 3, whose primary intended use is for sawing cold metal (ferrous and non-ferrous), or material partly of cold metal and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). ISO 16093:2017 is applicable to (metal) sawing machines which are manufactured after the date of publication of this document. When additional processing (i.e. milling, boring, marking, finishing operation, etc.) is considered, this document can serve as a basis for safety requirements. For more detailed information, refer to the bibliography. ISO 16093:2017 deals with noise hazards but does not provide a full noise test code. It is intended to draft such a code in the next revision of this document. ISO 16093:2017 does not include requirements and safety measures for fire and explosion hazards. It is intended to deal with them in the next revision of this document.

ISO 16089:2015 specifies the requirements and/or measures to eliminate the hazards or reduce the risks in the following groups of stationary grinding machines which are designed primarily to shape metal by grinding: Group 1: Manually controlled grinding machines without power operated axes and without numerical control. Group 2: Manually controlled grinding machines with power operated axes and limited numerically controlled capability, if applicable. Group 3: Numerically controlled grinding machines. NOTE 1 For detailed information on the groups of grinding machines, see the definitions in 3.1 and 3.4. NOTE 2 Requirements in this International Standard are, in general, applicable to all groups of grinding machines. If requirements are applicable to some special group(s) of grinding machines only, then the special group(s) of grinding machine(s) is/are specified. This International Standard covers the significant hazards listed in Clause 4 and applies to ancillary devices (e.g. for workpieces, tools, and workpiece holding devices, handling devices), which are integral to the machine. This International Standard also applies to machines which are integrated into an automatic production line or grinding cell inasmuch as the hazards and risks arising are comparable to those of machines working separately. This International Standard also includes in Clause 7 a minimum list of safety-relevant information which the manufacturer has to provide to the user. See also ISO 12100:2010, Figure 2, which illustrates the interaction of manufacturer's and user's responsibility for the operational safety. The user's responsibility to identify specific hazards (e.g. fire and explosion) and reduce the associated risks can be critical (e.g. whether the central extraction system is working correctly). Where additional metalworking processes (e.g. milling, turning, laser processing) are involved, this International Standard can be taken as a basis for safety requirements. For specific information on hazards arising from other metalworking processes, which are covered by other International Standards, see the Bibliography. This International Standard applies to machines that are manufactured after the date of issue of this International Standard. This International Standard does not apply to stationary honing, polishing, and belt grinding machines and not to transportable motor-operated electric tools in accordance with IEC 61029‑2‑4 and IEC 61029‑2‑10.

ISO 23125:2014 specifies the requirements and/or measures to eliminate the hazards or reduce the risks in the following groups of turning machines and turning centres, which are designed primarily to shape metal by cutting. Group 1: Manually controlled turning machines without numerical control. Group 2: Manually controlled turning machines with limited numerically controlled capability. Group 3: Numerically controlled turning machines and turning centres. Group 4: Single- or multi-spindle automatic turning machines. It covers the significant hazards and applies to ancillary devices (e.g. for workpieces, tools and work clamping devices, handling devices and chip handling equipment), which are integral to the machine. ISO 23125:2014 also applies to machines which are integrated into an automatic production line or turning cell inasmuch as the hazards and risks arising are comparable to those of machines working separately.

ISO/TR 17529:2014 gives practical guidance on conducting risk assessment for machinery in accordance with ISO 12100, ISO 13849‑1, and ISO/TR 14121‑2. It describes the method, tools, and examples used to generate ISO 28881, to reduce the risk of potential harm on EDM equipment and EDM systems by persons involved in the design, installation, or modification of machinery (e.g. designers, technicians, safety specialists).

This International Standard specifies the essential requirements, especially the dimensions, for hub flanges for plain grinding wheels according to ISO 603-1, ISO 603-2, ISO 603-4, ISO 603-6, ISO 603-7 and ISO 603-8, with a ratio of the bore diameter to the outside diameter H/D > 0,2. It is also applicable to super abrasives with vitrified or metal core having the same diameters as the grinding wheels in accordance with the according to the aforementioned parts of ISO 603, independently from the material of the core. It applies to grinding wheels with peripheral speeds up to 50 m/s and driving powers of the wheel spindle up to 30 kW. It is not applicable to mounting devices for cutting-off wheels.

ISO 28881:2013 specifies safety requirements and/or protective measures, applicable to EDM equipment and EDM systems, such as manually controlled EDM die sinking or EDM drilling machines, numerically controlled EDM die sinking or EDM drilling machines and numerically controlled EDM wire cutting machines intended to be adopted by persons undertaking the design, construction, installation and/or supply of such equipment. It also includes information to be provided by the manufacturer to the user. It is not applicable to arc eroding and electro-chemical machining equipment. ISO 28881:2013 takes account of the precondition of the intended use as well as the reasonably foreseeable misuse, in normal workshop environments and non-explosive atmospheres, including transportation, installation, setting, maintenance, repair and dismantling for removal or disposal of EDM equipment and EDM systems. It is also applicable to auxiliary devices essential for EDM processing. ISO 28881:2013 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to EDM equipment and EDM systems, where they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. ISO 28881:2013 is intended to apply to machines manufactured after its date of publication.

ISO 23125:2010 specifies the requirements and/or measures to eliminate the hazards or reduce the risks in the following groups of turning machines and turning centres, which are designed primarily to shape metal by cutting. – Group 1: Manually controlled turning machines without numerical control. – Group 2: Manually controlled turning machines with limited numerically controlled capability. – Group 3: Numerically controlled turning machines and turning centres. – Group 4: Single- or multi-spindle automatic turning machines.