SIST EN ISO 14918:2018

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 14918:2018
01-september-2018
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 14918:1999
9URþHEUL]JDQMH8JRWDYOMDQMHSULPHUQRVWLRSUHPH,62
Thermal spraying - Qualification testing of thermal sprayers (ISO 14918:2018)
Thermisches Spritzen - Prüfung von thermischen Spritzern (ISO 14918:2018)
Projection thermique - Qualification des agents en projection thermique (ISO
14918:2018)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14918:2018
ICS:
25.220.20 Površinska obdelava Surface treatment
SIST EN ISO 14918:2018 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018

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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018


EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 14918

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2018
ICS 25.220.20
Supersedes EN ISO 14918:1998
English version

Thermal spraying - Qualification testing of thermal
sprayers (ISO 14918:2018)
Projection thermique - Qualification des agents en Thermisches Spritzen - Prüfung von thermischen
projection thermique (ISO 14918:2018) Spritzern (ISO 14918:2018)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 April 2018.

CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for
giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical
references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to
any CEN and CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.






















CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. EN ISO 14918:2018 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for
CENELEC Members.

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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018
EN ISO 14918:2018 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2

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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018
EN ISO 14918:2018 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 14918:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 107 “Metallic
and other inorganic coatings” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 240 “Thermal
spraying and thermally sprayed coatings” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2018, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2018.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 14918:1998.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14918:2018 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14918:2018 without any modification.

3

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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018

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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14918
Second edition
2018-04
Thermal spraying — Qualification
testing of thermal sprayers
Projection thermique — Qualification des agents en projection
thermique
Reference number
ISO 14918:2018(E)
©
ISO 2018

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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018
ISO 14918:2018(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018
ISO 14918:2018(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Essential requirements for qualification testing . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Equipment operation . 2
4.3 Masking procedure . 2
4.4 Surface preparation . 3
4.5 Environmental conditions . 3
4.6 Application equipment . 3
5 Range of qualification . 3
5.1 General . 3
5.2 Thermal spraying processes . 3
5.2.1 Grouping of thermal spraying processes . 3
5.2.2 Application methods . 3
5.2.3 Spray materials. 3
5.3 Qualification scope . 4
5.4 Supervision . 4
5.5 Shapes and dimensions of test pieces . 4
5.6 Test methods . 4
5.7 Acceptance requirements for test pieces . 4
5.8 Spray consumables for the test . 5
6 Examination and testing . 5
6.1 General . 5
6.2 Job knowledge test. 5
6.3 Practical test . 5
7 Re-tests . 5
7.1 General . 5
7.2 Additional tests . 5
8 Period of validity . 5
8.1 Initial qualification . 5
8.2 Prolongation . 6
8.2.1 Period . 6
8.2.2 Thermal sprayer and production spraying . 6
8.2.3 Interruption periods in thermal spray works . 6
8.3 Requirements . 6
8.4 Scheduling . 6
8.5 Expired or cancelled qualification status . 6
9 Records . 6
10 Designation . 6
Annex A (normative) Job knowledge . 7
Annex B (normative) Specific acceptance criteria .10
Annex C (normative) Minimum tensile adhesive strength and shear load resistance values .15
Annex D (informative) Example of qualification test certificate for thermal sprayer .18
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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018
ISO 14918:2018(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 107, Metallic and other inorganic coatings.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14918:1998), which has been technically
revised.
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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018
ISO 14918:2018(E)

Introduction
This document examines the principles of qualification testing of sprayer performance for thermal
spraying.
The quality of work involved in thermal spraying depends on the skill, operation of the spray equipment
and job knowledge of the thermal sprayer.
The ability of the thermal sprayer to follow verbal and written instructions and the testing of his/her
skill and operation of the spray equipment are therefore important factors in ensuring the quality of
the thermally sprayed product.
This document is intended to provide the basis for mutual recognition by examining bodies for
qualification relating to thermal sprayer’s competence in the various fields of application. Tests can be
carried out in accordance with this document, unless more severe tests are specified by the relevant
application standards in which case these can be applied.
The thermal sprayer’s skill and job knowledge continues to be classified as qualified as long as the
thermal sprayer works with reasonable continuity on thermal spraying work within the extent of
qualification.
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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018

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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14918:2018(E)
Thermal spraying — Qualification testing of thermal
sprayers
1 Scope
This document specifies procedural instructions for qualification testing of thermal sprayers. It defines
requirements, ranges of qualification, test conditions, acceptance requirements and certification for
qualification testing of thermal spray performance.
This document is applicable when the thermal sprayer’s qualification is required by this document, the
purchaser, by inspection authorities or by other organizations.
The thermal spraying processes referred to in this document include those spraying processes which
are designated as manual or mechanized.
The test for mechanised application includes the use of automatically controlled thermal spraying, e.g.
robotics, scan units.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14916, Thermal spraying — Determination of tensile adhesive strength
ISO 14917, Thermal spraying — Terminology, classification
ISO 2063-2, Thermal spraying —Zinc, aluminium and their alloys — Part 2: Execution of corrosion
protection systems
EN 15340, Thermal spraying — Determination of shear load resistance of thermally sprayed coatings
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 14917 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
3.1
thermal sprayer
person who performs thermal spraying with a manual or mechanized system
3.2
manual thermal spraying
process in which the spraying gun or torch is manipulated by hand
3.3
mechanized thermal spraying
process in which some aspects are mechanized, i.e. with the gun/torch not manipulated by hand
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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018
ISO 14918:2018(E)

3.4
automatic thermal spraying
process in which all operations typical of the spraying process are fully mechanized including all
handling, e.g. workpiece loading and unloading, and which are integrated in a programmed system
Note 1 to entry: For examination, it is equal to mechanized thermal spraying (3.3).
3.5
examiner
person who verifies compliance with the application standard
3.6
examining body
organization who verifies compliance with the application standard
3.7
specific acceptance criteria
document providing in detail the criteria by which a thermal sprayer (3.1) can be tested to be qualified
for a particular spraying technique or application area
3.8
test piece
thermal spray workpiece used for the qualification test (3.10)
3.9
test specimen
portion cut from the test piece (3.8) in order to perform a specified analytical test (3.10)
3.10
test
series of operations which include the making of a thermally sprayed test piece (3.8), subsequent non-
destructive and/or destructive testing and reporting of results
4 Essential requirements for qualification testing
4.1 General
The criteria specified in this clause shall be examined in order to identify the ability of the thermal
sprayer in these areas.
The thermal sprayer’s qualification test shall be carried out on test pieces of comparable geometry.
The thermal sprayer shall be tested on both basic job knowledge and specific knowledge related to the
process for all thermal spraying processes and operations, see Annex A.
4.2 Equipment operation
The thermal sprayer shall be tested to determine his/her knowledge of the equipment, as described
in A.4.3.
4.3 Masking procedure
The thermal sprayer shall be tested to determine his/her knowledge of proper masking procedures for
both surface preparation and spraying.
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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018
ISO 14918:2018(E)

4.4 Surface preparation
The thermal sprayer shall verify that the surface of the thermal spray test piece which is used
for qualification is acceptable. S/he should also maintain a properly prepared surface during the
qualification testing.
4.5 Environmental conditions
The thermal sprayer shall verify the acceptability of environmental conditions, such as temperature,
humidity and dew point, as being suitable for spraying the test pieces if called up by the specific coating
process and method of application being evaluated.
4.6 Application equipment
The test results used for the qualification testing shall come from work or test pieces sprayed with
production equipment or equipment similar to it. The certifying examining body shall agree that equal
equipment used to perform the testing is representative of the said equipment’s quality.
5 Range of qualification
5.1 General
Thermal sprayers shall be qualified for thermal spraying to a specific coating process and method
of application. The qualification shall only be valid for that specific coating process and method of
application. The thermal spraying processes and methods of application covered by this document are
identified in 5.2.
5.2 Thermal spraying processes
5.2.1 Grouping of thermal spraying processes
This document covers the following thermal spraying processes according to ISO 14917:
— arc spraying;
— plasma spraying;
— high velocity oxy fuel flame spraying, cold spraying, detonation spraying;
— powder flame spraying, plastic flame spraying;
— wire/rods/cords flame spraying;
— powder flame spraying with fusing, laser spraying, plasma transferred arc spraying (PTA).
5.2.2 Application methods
This document covers the following application methods:
— manual;
— mechanized.
5.2.3 Spray materials
5.2.3.1 General
The spray materials that shall be used in the qualification test are split into material groups.
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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018
ISO 14918:2018(E)

The materials listed in 5.2.3.2 to 5.2.3.5 are given for information only to show which material is
generally appropriate for each process.
5.2.3.2 Flame spraying (powder, wire, cords or rods)/arc spraying
— Metals and alloys (for engineering purposes).
— Zinc, aluminium and their alloys and plastic (for corrosion protection).
5.2.3.3 Flame spraying (powder, wire, cords or rods, PTA, laser spraying and flame sprayed
and fused)
— Self-fluxing alloys, cobalt based alloys, hard-facing.
5.2.3.4 Plasma spraying, plasma spraying in a chamber under vacuum
— Metals and alloys.
— Metal based hard material.
— Ceramics, hydroxyl-apatite.
5.2.3.5 High velocity flame spraying
— Metals and alloys.
— Metal based hard material.
5.3 Qualification scope
The requirements for initial thermal sprayer qualification are different for each of the classifications
in 5.2. Qualification in one category (process and application method) does not imply any ability or
experience in practising the specific thermal spraying technique in any other category.
The thermal sprayer qualification level shall be indicated by the thermal spray process, followed by
the application method. For example, manual operation of arc spraying equipment can be written as
“Arc spraying – Manual”. In addition, information on the spray material (material group) sprayed for
qualification shall be available upon request to the certifying examining body.
5.4 Supervision
The thermal spraying and testing of the test pieces shall be witnessed by the licensed examiner, or by
the responsible thermal spraying coordinator.
5.5 Shapes and dimensions of test pieces
Shapes and dimensions of test pieces and test specimens are defined in Annex B.
5.6 Test methods
The test methods are specified in Annex B.
5.7 Acceptance requirements for test pieces
The acceptance requirements for test pieces are specified in Annex B.
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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018
ISO 14918:2018(E)

5.8 Spray consumables for the test
For any process group mentioned in 5.2.1 there are various material groups possible, see 5.2.3. The
sprayer can choose the material according to the group to use for the test. The coating properties of the
materials used should be in accordance with Annex C. Tables C.1 and C.2 include basic points for the
testing of materials (e.g. tensile bond test values).
A plasma sprayer can choose a ceramic material for the test, e.g. Al O /TiO , Cr O , ZrO or an
2 3 2 2 3 2
equivalent metallic material, e.g. WCCo.
6 Examination and testing
6.1 General
The thermal sprayer shall be tested in two ways:
— s/he shall complete a job knowledge test to determine his/her knowledge of the process;
— s/he shall undergo a practical test to demonstrate his/her skill and ability to operate the equipment
in the appropriate area.
6.2 Job knowledge test
The thermal sprayer shall satisfactorily complete a test covering the appropriate coating process,
application method and material. The test shall be prepared by the certification body. For the particular
aspects to be tested see Annex A.
6.3 Practical test
The practical test serves the purpose of determining if the thermal sprayer has the necessary practical
skills, as detailed in the specific acceptance criteria (according to Annex A and Annex B).
When practically testing more than one sprayer (mechanized) using the same equipment, the same
spray material and the same parameter, the assessment of the material in question can be reduced to a
20 % sample random test provided no unacceptable coatings are produced. In the case of imperfection
all specimens shall be tested.
7 Re-tests
7.1 General
In the event of the thermal sprayer’s failure to meet the requirements of this document, a re-test may be
scheduled at the discretion of the examiner, but not without additional training and not usually within
three months of the initial test.
7.2 Additional tests
If during spraying the thermal sprayer can show that there is some extraneous fault preventing spraying
a good test piece, a new attempt may be made when the fault has been corrected.
8 Period of validity
8.1 Initial qualification
The validity of the thermal sprayer’s qualification begins from the date when all the required tests are
satisfactorily completed. This date may be different to the date of issue marked on the certificate.
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SIST EN ISO 14918:2018
ISO 14918:2018(E)

A thermal sprayer’s qualification shall remain valid for a period of three years providing that the sprayer
has provably sprayed in his/her relevant production field and this activity had not been interrupted for
more than six months or a re-qualification has been carried out showing a satisfactory test piece. The
relevant certificate shall be signed at six months intervals by the employer/coordinator and shall show
that the following conditions are fulfilled.
8.2 Prolongation
8.2.1 Period
A re-qualification
...