SIST EN ISO 17828:2025

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2025
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 17828:2016
Trdna biogoriva - Določevanje prostorninske mase (ISO 17828:2025)
Solid biofuels - Determination of bulk density (ISO 17828:2025)
Biogene Festbrennstoffe - Bestimmung der Schüttdichte (ISO 17828:2025)
Biocombustibles solides - Détermination de la masse volumique apparente (ISO
17828:2025)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 17828:2025
ICS:
17.060 Merjenje prostornine, mase, Measurement of volume,
gostote, viskoznosti mass, density, viscosity
75.160.40 Biogoriva Biofuels
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 17828
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2025
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 27.190; 75.160.40 Supersedes EN ISO 17828:2015
English Version
Solid biofuels - Determination of bulk density (ISO
17828:2025)
Biocombustibles solides - Détermination de la masse Biogene Festbrennstoffe - Bestimmung der
volumique apparente (ISO 17828:2025) Schüttdichte (ISO 17828:2025)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 March 2025.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2025 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 17828:2025 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 17828:2025) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 238 "Solid
Biofuels and Pyrogenic Biocarbon" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid
Biofuels and Pyrogenic Biocarbon” the secretariat of which is held by SIS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2025, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2025.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 17828:2015.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 17828:2025 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 17828:2025 without any modification.

International
Standard
ISO 17828
Second edition
Solid biofuels — Determination of
2025-03
bulk density
Biocombustibles solides — Détermination de la masse volumique
apparente
Reference number
ISO 17828:2025(en) © ISO 2025
ISO 17828:2025(en)
© ISO 2025
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 17828:2025(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 Apparatus . 2
5.1 Measuring containers .2
5.1.1 Standardized containers .2
5.1.2 Large standardized measuring container .2
5.1.3 Small standardized measuring container.2
5.1.4 Measuring container for coarse biofuels .3
5.2 Balances .3
5.2.1 Balance 1 .3
5.2.2 Balance 2 .3
5.2.3 Balance 3 .3
5.3 Scantlings .3
5.4 Wooden board and impact surface .4
5.5 Apparatus for controlled shock exposure (optional) .4
5.6 Spill prevention aid (optional) .4
6 Sample preparation . 4
7 Procedure . 4
7.1 Determination of the container volume .4
7.2 Container selection .5
7.3 Measurement procedure .5
7.3.1 Procedure for standardized containers according to 5.1.2 and 5.1.3 .5
7.3.2 Procedure for non-standardized containers according to 5.1.4 .5
8 Calculation . 6
8.1 Calculation of bulk density as received .6
8.2 Calculation of bulk density on dry basis (optional) .6
9 Performance characteristics . 7
9.1 General .7
9.2 Repeatability .7
9.3 Reproducibility .7
10 Test report . 7
Annex A (informative) Measuring differences of sample treatment with and without shock
exposure . 8
Annex B (informative) Example of an apparatus for controlled shock exposure . 9
Bibliography .10

iii
ISO 17828:2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 238, Solid biofuels and pyrogenic biocarbon, in
collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 335,
Solid biofuels and pyrogenic biocarbon, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between
ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 17828:2015), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— introduction has been revised;
— dimensions of the small standardised container were modified to better reflect industry standard
equipment, its volume has not changed;
— scope has been expanded to cover coarse fuels having a nominal top size larger than 63 mm;
— procedure for measuring bulk density of the newly included coarse fuels has been added;
— for newly included coarse fuels, a new measuring container has been defined;
— for fuels having a nominal top size of 63 mm and below, the optional use of an apparatus for controlled
shock exposure is described; an example of such apparatus is added as informative Annex B;
— option to use a spill prevention aid has been included;
— rule for rounding reported result in the test report has been changed;
— test report clause has been revised.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
ISO 17828:2025(en)
Introduction
Bulk density is an important parameter for fuel deliveries on volume basis, and together with the net calorific
value, it determines the energy density. It also facilitates the estimation of space requirements for transport
and storage. This document describes the determination of the bulk density of pourable solid biofuels which
can be conveyed in a continuous material flow. For practical reasons, containers with different volumes are
applied:
— standardized container of 5 l, e.g. for pellets, shavings, sawdust or grain kernels;
— standardized container of 50 l, for materials with a nominal top size of up to 63 mm;
— non-standardized container of more than 1 m volume, for coarse bulk material with larger particle sizes.
The actual storage volume of a solid biofuel depends on the storage conditions, which can differ markedly
from the conditions of sample analysis (e.g. height of heap versus volume of the standard measuring
container, moisture content).
The described method using the standardized containers includes a defined shock exposure of the bulk
material for several reasons. A shock leads to a certain volume reduction, which accounts for compaction
effects occurring during the production chain. These compaction effects are mainly due to the fact that the
fuel is usually transported and/or stored in containers or silos that are much larger than the measuring
container as chosen for the described method. Thus, in practice, the higher mass load leads to an increased
load pressure and to settling of the material. Vibrations during transportation can further increase this effect.
A procedure which applies a controlled shock to the sample was thus believed to reflect the practically
prevailing bulk density in a better way than a method without shock. This is particularly true when the mass
of a delivered fuel has to be estimated from the volume load of a transporting vehicle, which is a common
procedure in many countries. Furthermore, in practice, the falling height of the bulk material during filling
or unloading operations is greater than the falling height of the particles selected for the test. This will result
in a respectively higher compaction due to the increased kinetic energy of the particles falling.
For a rough estimation on how susceptible the different solid biofuels are towards the shock exposure, some
research data are given in Annex A. The data shows a compaction effect between 6 % and 18 % for different
biomass fuels.
The determination of the bulk density of coarse bulk material with a larger particle size requires a larger
container. Due to the size of the container, the compaction by shock exposure is omitted. The influence of
...