SIST-V ISO/IEC Vodilo 99:2012

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2012
Mednarodni slovar za meroslovje - Osnovni in splošni koncepti ter z njimi
povezani izrazi (VIM)
International vocabulary of metrology - Basic and general concepts and associated terms
(VIM)
Internationales Wörterbuch der Metrologie (VIM)
Vocabulaire international de métrologie - Concepts fondamentaux et généraux et termes
associés (VIM)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007
ICS:
01.040.17 Meroslovje in merjenje. Metrology and measurement.
Fizikalni pojavi (Slovarji) Physical phenomena
(Vocabularies)
17.020 Meroslovje in merjenje na Metrology and measurement
splošno in general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

GUIDE 99
International vocabulary of
metrology — Basic and general
concepts and associated terms
(VIM)
Vocabulaire international de
métrologie — Concepts
fondamentaux et généraux et
termes associés (VIM)
First edition 2007
Première édition 2007
©
ISO/IEC 2007
PDF disclaimer
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shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

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DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT

©  ISO/IEC 2007
The reproduction of the terms and definitions contained in this International Standard is permitted in teaching manuals, instruction
booklets, technical publications and journals for strictly educational or implementation purposes. The conditions for such reproduction are:
that no modifications are made to the terms and definitions; that such reproduction is not permitted for dictionaries or similar publications
offered for sale; and that this International Standard is referenced as the source document.
With the sole exceptions noted above, no other part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
La reproduction des termes et des définitions contenus dans la présente Norme internationale est autorisée dans les manuels
d'enseignement, les modes d'emploi, les publications et revues techniques destinés exclusivement à l'enseignement ou à la mise en
application. Les conditions d'une telle reproduction sont les suivantes: aucune modification n'est apportée aux termes et définitions; la
reproduction n'est pas autorisée dans des dictionnaires ou publications similaires destinés à la vente; la présente Norme internationale
est citée comme document source.
À la seule exception mentionnée ci-dessus, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que
ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'ISO à
l'adresse ci-après ou du comité membre de l'ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland/Publié en Suisse

ii © ISO/IEC 2007 – All rights reserved/Tous droits réservés

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction.vii
Conventions.xi
Scope.1
1 Quantities and units.2
2 Measurement .16
3 Devices for measurement .34
4 Properties of measuring devices.37
5 Measurement standards (Etalons) .46
Annex A (informative) Concept diagrams .54
Bibliography.81
List of acronyms.86
Alphabetical index.88

© ISO/IEC 2007 – All rights reserved/Tous droits réservés iii

Sommaire Page
Avant-propos. vi
Introduction . ix
Conventions . xiii
Domaine d'application. 1
1 Grandeurs et unités. 2
2 Mesurages. 16
3 Dispositifs de mesure . 34
4 Propriétés des dispositifs de mesure . 37
5 Étalons. 46
Annexe A (informative) Schémas conceptuels . 54
Bibliographie . 81
Liste des sigles . 86
Index alphabétique . 91

iv © ISO/IEC 2007 – All rights reserved/Tous droits réservés

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
Draft Guides adopted by the responsible Committee or Group are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as a Guide requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This first edition of ISO/IEC Guide 99 cancels and replaces the second edition of the International vocabulary
of basic and general terms in metrology (VIM). It is equivalent to the third edition of the VIM. For further
information, see the Introduction (0.2)
Note that in this document, GUM is used to refer to the industry-recognized publication, adopted as
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008. When a specific subclause number is cited, the reference is to ISO/IEC
Guide 98-3:2008.
© ISO/IEC 2007 – All rights reserved/Tous droits réservés v

Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux de
normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général confiée
aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du
comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement avec
la Commission électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les Normes internationales sont rédigées conformément aux règles données dans les Directives ISO/CEI,
Partie 2.
Les projets de Guides adoptés par le comité ou le groupe responsable sont soumis aux comités membres
pour vote. Leur publication comme Guides requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins des comités membres
votants.
L'attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne
pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence.
Cette première édition du Guide ISO/CEI 99 annule et remplace la deuxième édition du Vocabulaire
international des termes fondamentaux et généraux de métrologie (VIM). Elle est équivalente à la troisième
édition du VIM. Pour plus d'information, voir l'Introduction (0.2)
Dans le présent document, «GUM» renvoie à la publication reconnue dans l'industrie qui a maintenant été
adoptée sous la référence Guide ISO/CEI 98-3:2008. Lorsqu'un paragraphe spécifique est cité, il est fait
référence au Guide ISO/CEI 98-3:2008.

vi © ISO/IEC 2007 – All rights reserved/Tous droits réservés

Introduction
0.1 General
In general, a vocabulary is a “terminological dictionary which contains designations and definitions from one or
more specific subject fields” (ISO 1087-1:2000, 3.7.2). The present Vocabulary pertains to metrology, the
“science of measurement and its application”. It also covers the basic principles governing quantities and
units. The field of quantities and units could be treated in many different ways. Clause 1 of this Vocabulary is
one such treatment, and is based on the principles laid down in the various parts of ISO 31, Quantities and
units, currently being replaced by ISO 80000 and IEC 80000 series Quantities and units, and in the
SI Brochure, The International System of Units (published by the BIPM).
The second edition of the International vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology (VIM) was
published in 1993. The need to cover measurements in chemistry and laboratory medicine for the first time, as
well
...

GUIDE 99
Международный словарь по
метрологии. Основные и
общие понятия и
соответствующие термины
(VIM)
International vocabulary of
metrology — Basic and general
concepts and associated terms
(VIM)
First edition 2007
Первое издание 2007
©
ISO/IEC 2007
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

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фирмы Adobe. Центральный секретариат ISO не несет никакой ответственности в этом отношении.
Adobe — торговый знак Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Подробности, относящиеся к программным продуктам, использованным для создания настоящего файла PDF, можно найти в
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редких случаях возникновения проблемы, связанной со сказанным выше, просим информировать Центральный секретариат
по адресу, приведенному ниже.
ДОКУМЕНТ ЗАЩИЩЕН АВТОРСКИМ ПРАВОМ

© ISO/IEC 2007
The reproduction of the terms and definitions contained in this International Standard is permitted in teaching manuals, instruction
booklets, technical publications and journals for strictly educational or implementation purposes. The conditions for such reproduction are:
that no modifications are made to the terms and definitions; that such reproduction is not permitted for dictionaries or similar publications
offered for sale; and that this International Standard is referenced as the source document.
With the sole exceptions noted above, no other part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
Копирование терминов и определений, содержащихся в настоящем международном стандарте, разрешено в учебниках,
инструкциях, технических публикациях и журналах только с целью обучения или внедрения терминологии. Условия для такого
копирования: не допускается никаких изменений в терминах и определениях; такое копирование не разрешается для словарей
или подобных публикаций, предназначенных для продажи; должна быть ссылка на этот международный стандарт как на
первоисточник.
Кроме случаев, обозначенных выше, никакие части этой публикации не могут быть перепечатаны или использованы в другом
виде или другим способом, электронным или механическим, включая фотокопирование или микрофильмирование, без
письменного разрешения или ISO (адрес приведен ниже), или комитет-члена ISO в стране, от лица которой делается запрос на
разрешение.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland/Опубликовано в Швейцарии

ii © ISO/IEC 2007 – All rights reserved/Все права сохраняются

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction.vii
Conventions.xii
Scope.1
1 Quantities and units.2
2 Measurement .16
3 Devices for measurement .35
4 Properties of measuring devices.38
5 Measurement standards (Etalons) .46
Annex A (informative) Concept diagrams .54
Bibliography.81
List of acronyms.86
Alphabetical index.88

© ISO/IEC 2007 – All rights reserved/Все права сохраняются iii

Содержание Страница
Предисловие. vi
Введение. ix
Принятые правила и обозначения . xiv
Область применения. 1
1 Величины и единицы. 2
2 Измерение . 16
3 Измерительные устройства . 35
4 Свойства измерительных устройств . 38
5 Эталоны. 46
Приложение A (информативное) Схемы понятий. 54
Библиография . 81
Перечень сокращений. 86
Алфавитный указатель .90

iv © ISO/IEC 2007 – All rights reserved/Все права сохраняются

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
Draft Guides adopted by the responsible Committee or Group are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as a Guide requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This first edition of ISO/IEC Guide 99 cancels and replaces the second edition of the International vocabulary
of basic and general terms in metrology (VIM). It is equivalent to the third edition of the VIM. For further
information, see the Introduction (0.2)
Note that in this document, GUM is used to refer to the industry-recognized publication, adopted as
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008. When a specific subclause number is cited, the reference is to ISO/IEC
Guide 98-3:2008.
© ISO/IEC 2007 – All rights reserved/Все права сохраняются v

Предисловие
Международная организация по стандартизации (ISO) является всемирной федерацией национальных
органов по стандартизации (комитетов-членов ISO). Работу по подготовке Международных стандартов
обычно выполняют технические комитеты ISO. Каждый комитет-член, заинтересованный в теме, для
которой был создан технический комитет, имеет право быть представленным в этом комитете.
Международные организации, правительственные и неправительственные, связанные с ISO, также
принимают участие в работе. ISO тесно сотрудничает с Международной электротехнической
комиссией (IEC) по всем вопросам стандартизации в электротехнике.
Международные стандарты подготавливаются в соответствии с правилами, приведенными в
директивах ISO/IEC, Часть 2.
Проект Руководства, одобренный ответственным Комитетом или Группой, рассылается комитетам-
членам для голосования. Публикация документа в качестве Руководства требует одобрения не менее
75 % комитетов-членов, которые участвовали в голосовании.
Обращается внимание на возможность того, что некоторые элементы этого документа могут быть
субъектами патентного права. ISO не должен нести ответственность за выявление любых таких
патентных прав.
Настоящая первая редакция Guide ISO/IEC 99 отменяет и заменяет вторую редакцию Международного
словаря основных и общих терминов в метрологии (VIM). Она эквивалентна третьей редакции VIM.
Для дальнейшей информации см. Введение (0.2).
Заметим, что в настоящем документе используются ссылки на GUM как на ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 в
качестве публикации признанной промышленностью. В случае ссылки на определенный номер
подпункта, эта ссылка относится к ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008.

vi © ISO/IEC 2007 – All rights reserved/Все права сохраняются

Introduction
0.1 General
In general, a vocabulary is a “terminological dictionary which contains designations and definitions from one or
more specific subject fields” (ISO 1087-1:2000, 3.7.2). The present Vocabulary pertains to metrology, the
“science of measurement and its application”. It also covers the basic principles governing quantities and
units. The field of quantities and units could be treated in many different ways. Clause 1 of this Vocabulary is
one such treatment, and is based on the principles laid down in the various parts of ISO 31, Quantities and
units, currently being replaced by ISO 80000 and IEC 80000 series Quantities and units, and in the
SI Brochure, The International System of Units (published by the BIPM).
The second edition of the International vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology (VIM) was
published in 1993. The need to cover measurements in chemistry and laboratory medicine for the first time, as
well as to incorporate concepts such as those that relate to metrological traceability, measurement
uncertainty, and nominal properties, led to this third edition. Its title is now International vocabulary of
metrology — Basic and general concepts and associated terms (VIM), in order to emphasize the primary role
of concepts in developing a vocabulary.
In this Vocabulary, it is taken for granted that there is no fundamental difference in the basic principles of
measurement in physics, chemistry, laboratory medicine, biology, or engineering. Furthermore, an attempt
has been made to meet conceptual needs of measurement in fields such as biochemistry, food science,
forensic science, and molecular biology.
Several concepts that appeared in the second edition of the VIM do not appear in this third edition because
they are no longer considered to be basic or general. For example, the concept 'response time', used in
describing the temporal behaviour of a measuring system, is not included. For concepts related to
measurement devices that are not covered by this third edition of the VIM, the reader should consult other
vocabularies such as IEC 60050, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary, IEV. For concepts concerned with
quality management, mutual recognition arrangements pertaining to metrology, or legal metrology, the reader
is referred to documents given in the bibliography.
Development of this third edition of the VIM has raised some fundamental questions about differe
...

SLOVENSKI SIST-V ISO/IEC Vodilo 99

STANDARD
marec 2012
Mednarodni slovar meroslovja – Osnovni in splošni koncepti ter z njimi
povezani izrazi (VIM)
International vocabulary of metrology – Basic and general concepts and
associated terms (VIM)
Vocabulaire international de métrologie – Concepts fondamentaux et généraux et
termes associés (VIM)
Referenčna oznaka
ICS 01.040.17; 17.020 SIST-V ISO/IEC Vodilo 99:2012 (sl, en, fr)

Nadaljevanje na straneh od 2 do 198

© 2012-03. Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

SIST-V ISO/IEC Vodilo 99 : 2012
NACIONALNI UVOD
Vodilo SIST-V ISO/IEC Vodilo 99 (sl, en, fr), Mednarodni slovar za meroslovje – Osnovni in splošni
koncepti ter z njimi povezani izrazi (VIM), 2012, ima status slovenskega vodila in je enakovreden
mednarodnemu vodilu ISO/IEC Guide 99, International vocabulary of metrology – Basic and general
concepts and associated terms (VIM), 2007.
NACIONALNI PREDGOVOR
Mednarodno vodilo ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 je pripravil Skupni odbor za vodila na področju meroslovja
(JCGM). Slovensko vodilo SIST-V ISO/IEC Vodilo 99:2012 je prevod angleškega besedila
mednarodnega vodila ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007. V primeru spora glede besedila slovenskega prevoda v
tem vodilu je odločilno izvirno mednarodno vodilo v angleškem jeziku. Slovensko-angleško-francosko
izdajo standarda je pripravila strateška delovna skupina pod okriljem SIST/TC REM Referenčni materiali.
ZVEZE S STANDARDI
S privzemom tega mednarodnega vodila veljajo za omejeni namen referenčnih standardov vsi
standardi, navedeni v izvirniku, razen standardov, ki smo jih že sprejeli v nacionalno standardizacijo:
SIST ISO 31-0+A1+A2:2007 (sl) Veličine in enote – 0. del: Splošna načela
SIST ISO 31-5+A1:2008 (sl) Veličine in enote – 5. del: Elektrika in magnetizem
SIST ISO 31-6+A1:2008 (sl Veličine in enote – 6. del: Svetloba in sorodna elektromagnetna
sevanja
SIST ISO 31-8+A1:2008 (sl) Veličine in enote – 8. del: Fizikalna kemija in molekulska fizika
SIST ISO 31-9+A1:2008 (sl) Veličine in enote – 9. del: Atomska in jedrska fizika
SIST ISO 31-10+A1:2008 (sl) Veličine in enote – 10. del: Jedrske reakcije in ionizirajoča
sevanja
SIST ISO 31-11:1995 (sl) Veličine in enote – 11. del: Matematični znaki in simboli za
uporabo v fizikalnih in tehniških vedah
SIST ISO 31-12+A1:2008 (sl) Veličine in enote – 12. del: Karakteristična števila
SIST ISO 31-13+A1:2008 (sl) Veličine in enote – 13. del: Fizika trdne snovi
SIST ISO 704:2003 (en) Terminološko delo – Načela in metode
SIST ISO 1000+A1:2008 (sl) Enote SI s priporočili za uporabo njihovih večkratnikov in
nekaterih drugih enot
SIST ISO 3534-1:2008 (en,fr) Statistika – Slovar in simboli – 1. del: Splošni statistični izrazi in
izrazi v zvezi z verjetnostjo
SIST EN ISO 5436-2:2004 (en) Specifikacija geometrijskih veličin izdelka – Tekstura površine:
Profilna metoda – Standardi za merjenje – 2. del: Standardi za
merilno programsko opremo
SIST ISO 5725-1:2003 (en) Točnost (pravilnost in natančnost) merilnih metod in rezultatov
– 1. del: Splošna načela in definicije
SIST ISO 5725-2:2003 (en) Točnost (pravilnost in natančnost) merilnih metod in rezultatov
– 2. del: Temeljna metoda določanja ponovljivosti in
obnovljivosti standardne merilne metode
SIST ISO 5725-3:2003 (en) Točnost (pravilnost in natančnost) merilnih metod in rezultatov
– 3. del: Vmesne mere natančnosti standardne merilne metode
SIST ISO 5725-4:2003 (en)  Točnost (pravilnost in natančnost) merilnih metod in rezultatov
– 4. del: Temeljne metode določanja pravilnosti standardne
merilne metode
SIST-V ISO/IEC Vodilo 99 : 2012
SIST ISO 5725-5:2003 (en) Točnost (pravilnost in natančnost) merilnih metod in rezultatov
– 5. del: Alternativne metode določanja natančnosti standardne
merilne metode
SIST ISO 5725-6:2003 (en) Točnost (pravilnost in natančnost) merilnih metod in rezultatov
– 6. del: Uporaba vrednosti za točnost v praksi
SIST EN ISO 9000:2005 (sl,en) Sistemi vodenja kakovosti – Osnove in slovar (ISO 9000:2005)
SIST EN ISO 10012:2003 (sl,en) Sistemi vodenja meritev – Zahteve za procese merjenja in
merilno opremo (ISO 10012:2003)
SIST EN ISO 15189:2007 (an,fr,de) Medicinski laboratoriji – Posebne zahteve za kakovost in
usposobljenost (ISO 15189:2007)
SIST EN ISO 17511:2003 (en) Diagnostični medicinski pripomočki in vitro – Merjenje količin v
vzorcih biološkega izvora – Meroslovna sledljivost vrednosti,
dodeljenih kalibratorjem in kontrolnim materialom (ISO
17511:2003)
SIST-TS ISO/TS 21748:2006 (en) Napotek za uporabo ocen ponovljivosti, obnovljivosti in
pravilnosti pri ocenjevanju merilne negotovosti
SIST IEC 60050-300:2008 (sl) Mednarodni elektrotehniški slovar – Električne in elektronske
meritve in merilni instrumenti – 311. del: Splošni izrazi,
povezani z meritvami – 321. del: Splošni izrazi, povezani z
električnimi meritvami – 313. del: Tipi električnih merilnih
instrumentov – 314. del: Posebni izrazi, povezani s tipom
instrumenta (IEC 60050-300:2001)
SIST EN 60359:2002 (en) Električna in elektronska merilna oprema – Izražanje lastnosti
(IEC 60359:2001)
PREDHODNA IZDAJA
– Mednarodni slovar osnovnih in splošnih izrazov s področja meroslovja, 1999.

OSNOVA ZA IZDAJO STANDARDA
– Privzem vodila ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007.
OPOMBE
– Povsod, kjer se v besedilu vodila uporablja izraz “merilni pogrešek”, to pomeni tudi “merilna
napaka“.
– Angleški izraz »verification« ima v slovenščini dva pomena; na področju zakonskega meroslovja
je overjanje, sicer pa preverjanje.
– Nacionalni uvod in nacionalni predgovor nista sestavni del standarda.
SIST-V ISO/IEC Vodilo 99 : 2012

VSEBINA Stran CONTENTS Page
Predgovor.6 Foreword .6
Uvod.8 Introduction.8
Dogovor.16 Conventions.16
Področje uporabe . 22 Scope .22
1 Veličine in enote . 22 1 Quantities and units .22
2 Meritev, merjenje. 50 2 Measurement .50
3 Merilne naprave. 88 3 Devices for measurement .80
4 Lastnosti merilnih naprav. 94 4 Properties of measuring devices.94
5 Merilni standardi (etaloni) . 112 5 Measurement standards (Etalons) . 112
Dodatek A (informativni): Sheme konceptov. 128 Annex A (informative): Concept diagrams . 128
Literatura.181 Bibliography. 184
Seznam kratic. 183 List of acronyms . 186
Abecedni seznam slovenskih izrazov. 190
Abecedni seznam angleških izrazov . 193
Abecedni seznam francoskih izrazov. 196

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SOMMAIRE Page
Avant-propos . 7
Introduction. 9
Conventions. 17
Domaine d'application . 23
1 Grandeurs et unités. 23
2 Mesurages. 51
3 Dispositifs de mesure . 89
4 Propriétés des dispositifs de mesure . 95
5 Étalons. 113
Annexe A (informative):
Schémas conceptuels . 129
Bibliographie. 187
Liste des sigles . 189

SIST-V ISO/IEC Vodilo 99 : 2012

Predgovor Foreword
ISO (Mednarodna organizacija za standardizacijo) ISO (the International Organization for
je svetovna zveza nacionalnih organov za Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
standarde (članov ISO). Mednarodne standarde national standards bodies (ISO member
ponavadi pripravljajo tehnični odbori ISO. Vsak bodies). The work of preparing International
član, ki želi delovati na določenem področju, za Standards is normally carried out through ISO
katero je bil ustanovljen tehnični odbor, ima technical committees. Each member body
pravico biti zastopan v tem odboru. Pri delu interested in a subject for which a technical
sodelujejo tudi mednarodne vladne in nevladne committee has been established has the right to
organizacije, povezane z ISO. V vseh zadevah, be represented on that committee. International
ki so povezane s standardizacijo na področju organizations, governmental and non-
elektrotehnike, ISO tesno sodeluje z governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part
Mednarodno elektrotehniško komisijo (IEC). in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

Mednarodni standardi so pripravljeni v skladu s International Standards are drafted in
pravili, podanimi v 2. delu Direktiv ISO/IEC. accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC
Directives, Part 2.
Osnutki vodil, ki jih sprejmeta odgovorni odbor Draft Guides adopted by the responsible
ali skupina, se pošljejo vsem članom v Committee or Group are circulated to the
glasovanje. Za objavo vodila je treba pridobiti member bodies for voting. Publication as a
soglasje najmanj 75 odstotkov članov, ki se Guide requires approval by at least 75 % of the
udeležijo glasovanja. member bodies casting a vote.

Opozoriti je treba na možnost, da je lahko nekaj Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of
elementov tega dokumenta predmet patentnih the elements of this document may be the
pravic. ISO ne prevzema odgovornosti za subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held
identifikacijo katerih koli ali vseh takih patentnih responsible for identifying any or all such patent
pravic. rights.
Ta, prva izdaja vodila ISO/IEC Guide 99 This first edition of ISO/IEC Guide 99 cancels
preklicuje in nadomešča drugo izdajo and replaces the second edition of the
Mednarodnega slovarja osnovnih in splošnih International vocabulary of basic and general
izrazov s področja meroslovja (VIM) in je terms in metrology (VIM). It is equivalent to the
enakovredna tretji izdaji VIM. Za nadaljnje third edition of the VIM. For further information,
informacije glej uvod (0.2) see the Introduction (0.2)

Opomba: V tem dokumentu se GUM uporablja Note that in this document, GUM is used to
za sklicevanje na publikacijo, ki se priznava v refer to the industry-recognized publication,
industriji in je sprejeta kot vodilo ISO/IEC Guide adopted as ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008. When a
98-3:2008. Kadar je navedena številka specific subclause number is cited, the
določenega podpoglavja, velja sklicevanje na reference is to ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008.
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008.
SIST-V ISO/IEC Vodilo 99 : 2012

Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de
normalisation) est une fédération mondiale
d'organismes nationaux de normalisation (comités
membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes
internationales est en général confiée aux comités
techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre
intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie
du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les
organisations internationales, gouvernementales
et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO
participent également aux travaux. L'ISO
collabore étroitement avec la Commission
électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.

Les Normes internationales sont rédigées
conformément aux règles données dans les
Directives ISO/CEI, Partie 2.
Les projets de Guides adoptés par le comité ou
le groupe responsable sont soumis aux comités
membres pour vote. Leur publication comme
Guides requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins
des comités membres votants.
L'attention est appelée sur le fait que certains
des éléments du présent document peuvent
faire l'objet de droits de propriété intellectuelle
ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être
tenue pour responsable de ne pas avoir
identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de
leur existence.
Cette première édition du Guide ISO/CEI 99
annule et remplace la deuxième édition du
Vocabulaire international des termes
fondamentaux et généraux de métrologie (VIM).
Elle est équivalente à la troisième édition du VIM.
Pour plus d'information, voir l'Introduction (0.2)

Dans le présent document, «GUM» renvoie à la
publication reconnue dans l'industrie qui a
maintenant été adoptée sous la référence
Guide ISO/CEI 98-3:2008. Lorsqu'un
paragraphe spécifique est cité, il est fait
référence au Guide ISO/CEI 98-3:2008.

SIST-V ISO/IEC Vodilo 99 : 2012
Uvod Introduction
0.1 Splošno 0.1 General
Slovar je na splošno "terminološki besednjak, ki In general, a vocabulary is a “terminological

vsebuje imena in definicije z enega ali več dictionary which contains designations and
specifičnih področij" (ISO 1087-1:2000, 3.7.2). definitions from one or more specific subject fields”
Ta slovar se nanaša na meroslovje, "vedo o (ISO 1087-1:2000, 3.7.2). The present Vocabulary
merjenju in njegovi uporabi". Zajema tudi pertains to metrology, the “science of
osnovna načela glavnih veličin in enot. measurement and its application”. It also covers
Področje veličin in enot je mogoče obravnavati the basic principles governing quantities and units.
na veliko različnih načinov. Poglavje 1 v tem The field of quantities and units could be treated in
slovarju je eno od takšnih obravnavanj in temelji many different ways. Clause 1 of this Vocabulary is
na načelih, določenih v različnih delih standarda one such treatment, and is ba
...