SIST EN 16482:2024

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2024
Livarstvo - Palice iz litega železa
Founding - Continuous cast iron bars
Gießereiwesen - Gusseisen-Strangguss
Fonderie - Barres de fonte par coulée continue
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16482:2024
ICS:
77.140.80 Železni in jekleni ulitki Iron and steel castings
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 16482
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
July 2024
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 77.080.10 Supersedes EN 16482:2014
English Version
Founding - Continuous cast iron bars
Fonderie - Barres de fonte par coulée continue Gießereiwesen - Gusseisen-Strangguss
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 April 2024.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16482:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Designation. 8
5 Order information . 9
6 Manufacture . 9
7 Requirements . 9
7.1 Characterizing properties . 9
7.2 Tensile properties. 9
7.2.1 General . 9
7.2.2 Test pieces machined from samples cut from the bar . 10
7.3 Hardness properties . 13
7.4 Impact energy . 13
7.5 Graphite structure . 15
7.5.1 Grey cast iron . 15
7.5.2 Spheroidal graphite cast iron . 15
7.6 Matrix structure . 15
7.7 Straightness . 15
7.8 Ultrasonic testing . 16
8 Sampling . 16
8.1 General . 16
8.2 Samples cut from a bar . 16
9 Test methods . 16
9.1 Tensile test . 16
9.1.1 General . 16
9.1.2 Tensile test for grey cast irons . 16
9.1.3 Tensile test for spheroidal graphite cast irons . 18
9.2 Hardness test . 19
9.3 Graphite and matrix structure examination . 20
9.4 Measurement of straightness . 20
10 Retests . 20
10.1 Need for retests . 20
10.2 Test validity . 20
10.3 Non-conforming test results . 21
10.4 Heat treatment of samples and bars . 21
11 Inspection documentation . 21
Annex A (informative) Guidance values for hardness of spheroidal graphite cast iron bars . 22
Annex B (informative) Dimensional raw and machining allowances for continuous cast bars . 23
Annex C (normative) Location of samples cut from a bar . 25
Annex D (informative) Additional information on mechanical and physical properties of
spheroidal graphite cast irons . 26
Bibliography . 29
European foreword
This document (EN 16482:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry
technology”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2025, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by January 2025.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 16482:2014.
The following modifications were implemented in this new edition:
— new normative references;
— new reference to ASTM A536-84 (2009), Standard Specification for Ductile Iron Castings in the text
and Bibliography;
— modification of Table 2 “Tensile properties of continuous cast spheroidal graphite cast iron bars”,
where two Grades were modified to fulfil requirements also of ASTM A536-84 (2009):
EN-GJS-450-12C and EN GJS 550-6C;
— new Table 4 “Minimum impact energy values measured on V-notched test pieces machined from
cast samples for ferritic grades of the ferritic to pearlitic group” in 7.4 (imported from
EN 1563:2018);
— new Table 5 “Straightness of continuous cast bars” in 7.7;
— new 7.8 “Ultrasonic testing”;
— new Figure 1 and Table 6 “Dimensions of grey cast iron tensile test pieces”;
— new Figure 2 “Dimensions of spheroidal graphite cast iron tensile test pieces”;
— modification of Table A.1 “Guidance values for Brinell hardness”;
— modification of Table B.2 “Machining allowances for continuous cast iron bars”;
— modification of Table D.2 “Examples of mechanical properties measured on continuous cast iron
bars with a diameter of 160 mm”.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom
Introduction
EN 1561 and EN 1563 classify grey cast irons and spheroidal graphite cast irons respectively, which are
cast in sand moulds or moulds of comparable thermal behaviour.
This document classifies grey cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast iron bars, which are produced by
the continuous casting process.
Due to the high cooling rate during solidification and further cooling, both graphite and matrix structure
differ from those obtained by sand casting and consequently the mechanical properties in relation to
section thickness [8], [9].
The mechanical properties of continuous cast iron bars are evaluated on machined test pieces prepared
from samples cut from the bars.
However, for many applications, tensile strength or hardness are not the only interesting or
determining properties. Other mechanical or physical properties can be decisive for the use of grey cast
iron or spheroidal graphite cast iron, for example: thermal capacity, thermal diffusivity, damping
capacity, thermo-cycle fatigue and toughness.
Additional technical data for grey cast irons is given in EN 1561 and for spheroidal graphite cast irons in
EN 1563 and Annex D of this document.
1 Scope
This document specifies the grades of grey cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast iron bars, which have
been produced by the continuous casting process.
This document specifies the characterizing properties of grey cast iron bars by either:
a) the tensile strength measured on machined test pieces prepared from samples cut from the bars, or
b) the hardness measured on the bars.
If agreed by the manufacturer and the purchaser, the combination of both tensile strength from option
a) and hardness from option b) can be specified.
This document specifies the characterizing properties of spheroidal graphite cast iron bars by the
tensile strength measured on machined test pieces prepared from samples cut from the bars.
This document specifies 4 grades of grey cast iron and 14 grades of spheroidal graphite cast iron by a
classification based on tensile strength and 4 grades of grey cast iron by a classification based on Brinell
hardness.
This document specifies also the straightness of the bars.
This document does not cover technical delivery conditions for iron castings (see EN 1559-1 and
EN 1559-3).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 10204, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents
EN ISO 945-1, Microstructure of cast irons — Part 1: Graphite classification by visual analysis (ISO 945-1)
EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1)
EN ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
(ISO 6892-1)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp/
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
grey cast iron
cast material, mainly iron and carbon based, the carbon being present mainly in the form of flake
(lamellar) graphite particles
Note 1 to entry: Grey cast iron is also known as flake graphite cast iron, and less commonly known as lamellar
graphite cast iron.
[SOURCE: EN 1561:2023, 3.1, modified - Note 2 has been deleted.]
3.2
spheroidal graphite cast iron
cast material, iron, carbon and silicon based, the carbon being present mainly in the form of spheroidal
graphite particles
Note 1 to entry: Spheroidal graphite cast iron is also known as ductile iron, and less commonly as nodular iron.
[SOURCE: EN 1563:2018, 3.1]
3.3
ferritic to pearlitic cast irons
grey cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast iron with a matrix containing ferrite or pearlite or a
combination of both
3.4
solid-solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron
spheroidal graphite cast iron with a matrix mainly consisting of ferrite, solution strengthened mainly by
silicon
3.5
graphite spheroidizing treatment
operation that brings the liquid iron into contact with a substance to produce graphite in the
predominantly spheroidal (nodular) form during solidification
Note 1 to entry: This operation is often followed by a second one called inoculation.
[SOURCE: EN 1563:2018, 3.4]
3.6
sample
quantity of material cut from the continuous cast bar to represent the cast material
4 Designation
The material shall be designated in accordance with Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3.
NOTE The designation system is specified in EN 1560.
5 Order information
The following information shall be stated in the order:
a) the number of this document;
b) the designation of the material;
c) the dimensions of the bar;
d) any special requirements.
All requirements shall be agreed by the time of acceptance of the order, e.g. technical delivery
conditions according to EN 1559-1 and EN 1559-3.
6 Manufacture
The methods of producing grey cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast iron continuous cast bars and
their chemical compositions shall be left to the discretion of the manufacturer who shall ensure that the
requirements of this document are met for the material grade specified in the order.
For the cast irons to be used in special applications, the chemical composition and the heat treatment
may be the subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
All agreements between the manufacturer and the purchaser shall be made by the time of the
acceptance of the order.
7 Requirements
7.1 Characterizing properties
The order shall specify in an unambiguous manner whether the tensile strength measured on a test
piece machined from samples cut from the continuous cast bars or the Brinell hardness measured on
the bars is the characterizing property. If it does not do so, then the manufacturer shall characterize the
material according to tensile strength.
7.2 Tensile properties
7.2.1 General
The property values apply to grey cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast iron bars produced by the
continuous casting process.
Tensile properties are dependant of the bar diameter as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
For rectangular bars, the corresponding diameter D for the determination of the minimum tensile
properties shall be calculated with Formula (1):
2××HB
( )
D= (1)
HB+
( )
where
D is the corresponding bar diameter, in millimetres (mm);
H is the height of the bar, in millimetres (mm);
B is the width of the bar, in millimetres (mm).
NOTE Tensile testing requires sound test pieces in order to guarantee pure uni-axial stress during the test.
For bar diameters > 400 mm, the minimum tensile properties to be obtained shall be agreed between
the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order.
7.2.2 Test pieces machined from samples cut from the bar
The tensile properties, when measured in accordance with 9.1 using test pieces machined from samples
cut from the bar, shall be in accordance with the requirements of Table 1 for grey cast irons or Table 2
for spheroidal graphite cast irons.
Table 1 — Tensile properties of continuous cast grey cast iron bars
Material designation Bar diameter Tensile strength Matrix structure
D R
m
mm MPa (for information only)
Symbol Number min.
20 < D ≤ 50 110
50 < D ≤ 100 100
EN-GJL-150C 5.1102 ferritic, annealed
100 < D ≤ 200 90
200 < D ≤ 400 80
20 < D ≤ 50 155
50 < D ≤ 100 140
EN-GJL-200C 5.1202 ferritic-pearlitic
100 < D ≤ 200 125
200 < D ≤ 400 115
20 < D ≤ 50 195
50 < D ≤ 100 180
EN-GJL-250C 5.1203 pearlitic-ferritic
100 < D ≤ 200 165
200 < D ≤ 400 155
20 < D ≤ 50 220
50 < D ≤ 100 205
EN-GJL-300C 5.1308 predominantly pearlitic
100 < D ≤ 200 195
200 < D ≤ 400 185
Table 2 — Tensile properties of continuous cast spheroidal graphite cast iron bars
0,2 % Elongation
Bar Tensile
Material designation proof after
diameter strength
strength fracture
Matrix
D R R A
p0,2 m
structure
mm MPa MPa %
Symbol Number min. min. min.
20 < D ≤ 60 220 350 22
EN-GJS-350-22C-LT 5.3120 60 < D ≤ 120 210 330 18 ferritic
120 < D ≤ 400 200 320 15
20 < D ≤ 60 220 350 22
EN-GJS-350-22C-RT 5.3121 60 < D ≤ 120 220 330 18 ferritic
120 < D ≤ 400 210 320 15
20 < D ≤ 60 220 350 22
EN-GJS-350-22C 5.3122 60 < D ≤ 120 220 330 18 ferritic
120 < D ≤ 400 210 320 15
20 < D ≤ 60 240 400 18
EN-GJS-400-18C-LT 5.3123 60 < D ≤ 120 230 380 15 ferritic
120 < D ≤ 400 220 360 12
20 < D ≤ 60 250 400 18
EN-GJS-400-18C-RT 5.3124 60 < D ≤ 120 250 390 15 ferritic
120 < D ≤ 400 240 370 12
20 < D ≤ 60 250 400 18
c
EN-GJS-400-18C 5.3125 60 < D ≤ 120 250 390 15 ferritic
120 < D ≤ 400 240 370 12
20 < D ≤ 60 250 400 15
a
EN-GJS-400-15C 5.3126 60 < D ≤ 120 250 390 14 ferritic
120 < D ≤ 400 240 370 11
20 < D ≤ 60 310 450 12
predominantly
a,c
EN-GJS-450-12C 5.3128 60 < D ≤ 120
to be agreed upon between the
ferritic
manufacturer and purchaser
120 < D ≤ 400
20 < D ≤ 60 400 500 14
b
EN-GJS-500-14C 5.3129 60 < D ≤ 120 390 480 12 ferritic
120 < D ≤ 400 360 470 10
0,2 % Elongation
Bar Tensile
Material designation proof after
diameter strength
strength fracture
Matrix
D R R A
p0,2 m
structure
mm MPa MPa %
Symbol Number min. min. min.
20 < D ≤ 60 320 500 7
60 < D ≤ 120 300 450 7
ferritic-
a
EN-GJS-500-7C 5.3203
pearlitic
120 < D ≤ 400 290 420 5
400 < D to be agreed
20 < D ≤ 60 380 550 6
pearlitic-
c
EN-GJS-550-6C 5.3205 60 < D ≤ 120
to be agreed upon between the
ferritic
manufacturer and purchaser
120 < D ≤ 400
20 < D ≤ 60 380 600 3
pearlitic-
a,c
EN-GJS-600-3C 5.3204 60 < D ≤ 120 360 600 3
ferritic
120 < D ≤ 400 340 550 3
20 < D ≤ 60 420 700 2
predominantly
a
EN-GJS-700-2C 5.3303 60 < D ≤ 120 400 700 2
pearlitic
120 < D ≤ 400 380 650 1
20 < D ≤ 60 480 800 2
predominantly
a
EN-GJS-800-2C 5.3304 60 < D ≤ 120
to be agreed upon between the
pearlitic
manufacturer and purchaser
120 < D ≤ 400
a
Depending on the process, these materials may contain minor quantities of free carbides.
b
Solid-solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron.
c
Comparable with ASTM A536-84 (2009). Grades EN-GJS-450-12C and EN-GJS-550-6C are specific continuous
cast material grades with high applications inside and outside Europe (ASTM). Their properties deviate from
sand cast iron alloys and are specific for continuous cast bar.
7.3 Hardness properties
The Brinell hardness of the grey cast iron grades specified by hardness, when measured in accordance
with 9.2, shall be in accordance with the requirements of Table 3.
This classification is ap
...