SIST EN ISO 14555:2018

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2018
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 14555:2014
9DUMHQMH2EORþQRYDUMHQMHþHSRYL]NRYLQVNLKPDWHULDORY,62
Welding - Arc stud welding of metallic materials (ISO 14555:2017)
Schweißen - Lichtbogenbolzenschweißen von metallischen Werkstoffen (ISO
14555:2017)
Soudage - Soudage à l'arc des goujons sur les matériaux métalliques (ISO 14555:2017)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14555:2017
ICS:
21.060.10 Sorniki, vijaki, stebelni vijaki Bolts, screws, studs
25.160.10 Varilni postopki in varjenje Welding processes
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 14555
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
June 2017
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.160.10 Supersedes EN ISO 14555:2014
English Version
Welding - Arc stud welding of metallic materials (ISO
14555:2017)
Soudage - Soudage à l'arc des goujons sur les Schweißen - Lichtbogenbolzenschweißen von
matériaux métalliques (ISO 14555:2017) metallischen Werkstoffen (ISO 14555:2017)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 March 2017.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14555:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 14555:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 44 "Welding
and allied processes" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding and allied
processes” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2017 and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 14555:2014.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14555:2017 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14555:2017 without any modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14555
Fourth edition
2017-05
Welding — Arc stud welding of
metallic materials
Soudage — Soudage à l’arc des goujons sur les matériaux métalliques
Reference number
ISO 14555:2017(E)
©
ISO 2017
ISO 14555:2017(E)
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 14555:2017(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .vi
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 3
4.1 Symbols . 3
4.2 Abbreviated terms . 4
5 Technical review . 4
6 Welding personnel. 5
6.1 Stud-welding operators . 5
6.2 Welding coordination . 5
7 Equipment . 6
7.1 Production equipment . 6
7.2 Description of the equipment . 6
7.3 Maintenance . 6
8 Production planning . 7
9 Welding procedure specification (WPS) . 7
9.1 General . 7
9.2 Information related to the manufacturer . 7
9.2.1 Identification of the manufacturer . 7
9.2.2 Identification of the WPS . 7
9.2.3 Reference to the welding procedure qualification record (WPQR) or other
relevant documents . 7
9.3 Information related to the parent material . 7
9.3.1 Parent material type . 7
9.3.2 Dimensions . 7
9.4 Welding process . 8
9.5 Joint . 8
9.5.1 Joint design . 8
9.5.2 Welding position . 8
9.5.3 Preparation of parent material surface . 8
9.5.4 Jigs and fixtures. 8
9.5.5 Support . 8
9.6 Studs . 8
9.6.1 Designation . 8
9.6.2 Handling . 8
9.7 Auxiliaries . 8
9.7.1 Ceramic ferrules (if any) . 8
9.7.2 Protective gas (if any) . 8
9.8 Power source . 9
9.9 Movable fixtures . 9
9.9.1 Welding gun/lift mechanism . 9
9.9.2 Shielding gas system (if used) . 9
9.9.3 Stud feeding system (if any) . 9
9.10 Welding variables . 9
9.10.1 Drawn-arc stud welding with ceramic ferrule or shielding gas and short-
cycle drawn-arc stud welding . 9
9.10.2 Capacitor discharge drawn-arc stud welding or capacitor discharge stud
welding with tip ignition . 9
9.11 Thermal conditions . 9
ISO 14555:2017(E)
9.12 Post-weld heat-treatment .10
9.13 Non-thermal treatment after welding .10
10 Welding procedure qualification .10
10.1 Principles .10
10.2 Welding procedure tests .10
10.2.1 Application .10
10.2.2 Proof of conformity of parent materials and stud materials .10
10.2.3 Shape and dimensions of test pieces .11
10.2.4 Welding .11
10.2.5 Scope of examination and testing.11
10.2.6 Acceptance criteria .11
10.2.7 Re-testing .12
10.2.8 Range of qualification .12
10.3 Pre-production tests .14
10.3.1 Pre-production test for workshop applications .14
10.3.2 Pre-production test for stud welding on site (for through-deck stud welding) .14
10.4 Previous experience .15
10.5 Welding procedure qualification record (WPQR) .15
11 Examination and testing .15
11.1 General .15
11.2 Visual examination .15
11.3 Bend testing .16
11.4 Tensile testing .19
11.5 Torque test .22
11.6 Macro examination .22
11.7 Radiographic examination .22
11.8 Ring test .23
12 Acceptance criteria .23
12.1 General .23
12.2 Acceptance criteria for visual examination .23
12.3 Acceptance criteria for bend testing .23
12.4 Acceptance criteria for tensile testing .24
12.5 Acceptance criteria for torque testing .24
12.6 Acceptance criteria for macro examination .24
12.7 Acceptance criteria for radiographic examination .24
12.8 Acceptance criteria for ring tests .24
12.9 Acceptance criteria for additional tests .24
13 Workmanship .24
14 Process control .25
14.1 General .25
14.2 Production test .25
14.2.1 General.25
14.2.2 Production test for drawn-arc stud welding with ceramic ferrule or
shielding gas and short-cycle drawn-arc stud welding .26
14.2.3 Production test for capacitor discharge stud welding with tip ignition and
capacitor discharge drawn-arc stud welding .26
14.3 Simplified production test.26
14.4 Re-testing for production test or simplified production test .26
14.5 Production surveillance .27
14.5.1 Visual examination .27
14.5.2 Checking the welding parameters .27
14.5.3 Other examinations and tests .27
14.5.4 Production surveillance for drawn-arc stud welding with ceramic ferrule
with qualification according to 10.3.2 .27
14.6 Production surveillance record .27
14.7 Non-conformance and corrective actions .27
iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 14555:2017(E)
14.8 Calibration of the measuring and testing equipment .28
Annex A (informative) Processing of stud welding .29
Annex B (normative) Quality requirements for stud welding .48
Annex C (informative) Manufacturer’s welding procedure specification (WPS) .49
Annex D (informative) Welding procedure qualification record form (WPQR) (for drawn-
arc stud welding with ceramic ferrule or shielding gas and short-cycle drawn-arc
stud welding) .50
Annex E (informative) Welding procedure qualification record form (WPQR) (for capacitor
discharge stud welding with tip ignition and capacitor discharge drawn-arc
stud welding) .54
Annex F (informative) Test results — Production test (for drawn-arc stud welding with
ceramic ferrule or shielding gas and short-cycle drawn-arc stud welding) .58
Annex G (informative) Test results — Production test (for capacitor discharge stud welding
with tip ignition and capacitor discharge drawn-arc stud welding) .61
Annex H (informative) Example of production surveillance record .64
Bibliography .65
ISO 14555:2017(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: w w w . i s o .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 44, Welding and allied processes,
Subcommittee SC 10, Quality management in the field of welding.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 14555:2014), of which it constitutes a
minor revision and contains the following changes:
— undated references to ISO 14732, ISO 13918 and ISO 15607;
— the expression “welding diameter” has been changed to “welded cross-section” in 3.6;
— the word “deformability” has been changed to “deformation” in the last sentence of 12.3;
— the second and third paragraphs of 12.4 have been combined;
— the expression “welding diameter” has been changed to “visible width of the welding zone” in 12.6;
— the appearance “Collar off-centre with unacceptable undercut” is now given under “Visual
examination or macro cut” in Table A.5;
— the missing symbol “≤” in Annex D has been introduced for application ≤100 °C.
Requests for official interpretations of any aspect of this document should be directed to the Secretariat
of ISO/TC 44/SC 10 via your national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at
www .iso .org.
vi © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 14555:2017(E)
Introduction
The purpose of arc stud welding is to weld predominantly pin-shaped metal parts to metal workpieces.
In this document, it is referred to simply as stud welding. Among other things, stud welding is used
in bridge building (especially in composite structures), steel structures, shipbuilding, facade-
wall fabrication, vehicle manufacture, apparatus engineering, steam-boiler construction, and the
manufacture of household appliances.
The quality of a stud weld depends not only on strict compliance with the welding procedure
specification but also on the correct function of the actuating mechanism (e.g. welding guns), and on
the condition of the components, of the accessories and of the power supply.
This document does not invalidate former specifications, providing the technical requirements are
equivalent and satisfied.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14555:2017(E)
Welding — Arc stud welding of metallic materials
1 Scope
This document covers arc stud welding of metallic materials subject to static and fatigue loading. It
specifies requirements that are particular to stud welding, in relation to welding knowledge, quality
requirements, welding procedure specification, welding procedure qualification, qualification testing
of operators and testing of production welds.
This document is appropriate where it is necessary to demonstrate the capability of a manufacturer to
produce welded construction of a specified quality.
NOTE General quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials are given in ISO 3834-1,
ISO 3834-2, ISO 3834-3, ISO 3834-4 and ISO 3834-5.
This document has been prepared in a comprehensive manner, with a view to it being used as a
reference in contracts. The requirements contained within it can be adopted in full, or partially, if
certain requirements are not relevant to a particular construction (see Annex B). For processing of stud
welding, see Annex A.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3834-1, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials — Part 1: Criteria for the selection
of the appropriate level of quality requirements
ISO 3834-2, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials — Part 2: Comprehensive quality
requirements
ISO 3834-3, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials — Part 3: Standard quality
requirements
ISO 3834-4, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials — Part 4: Elementary quality
requirements
ISO 4063, Welding and allied processes — Nomenclature of processes and reference numbers
ISO 6947, Welding and allied processes — Welding positions
ISO 9606-1, Qualification testing of welders — Fusion welding — Part 1: Steels
ISO 9606-2, Qualification test of welders — Fusion welding — Part 2: Aluminium and aluminium alloys
ISO 13918, Welding — Studs and ceramic ferrules for arc stud welding
ISO 14175, Welding consumables — Gases and gas mixtures for fusion welding and allied processes
ISO 14731, Welding coordination — Tasks and responsibilities
ISO 14732, Welding personnel — Qualification testing of welding operators and weld setters for mechanized
and automatic welding of metallic materials
ISO 15607, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — General rules
ISO/TR 15608, Welding — Guidelines for a metallic materials grouping system
ISO 14555:2017(E)
ISO 15611, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Qualification
based on previous welding experience
ISO 15613, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Qualification
based on pre-production welding test
ISO 17636 (all parts), Non-destructive testing of welds — Radiographic testing
ISO/TR 25901-3, Welding and allied processes — Vocabulary — Part 3: Welding processes
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 3834-1, ISO 4063, ISO 14731,
ISO 14732, ISO 15607 and ISO/TR 25901-3 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
stud
fastener to be attached by stud welding
3.2
auxiliaries
ceramic ferrules and shielding gases
3.3
stud-welding operator
operating personnel for stud-welding equipment
Note 1 to entry: In special cases (e.g. mass production at the manufacturer’s factory), the welding can be carried
out by suitable auxiliary personnel, appropriately trained and supervised.
3.4
stud diameter
d
stud (3.1) nominal diameter
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 13918.
3.5
welding diameter
d
w
diameter at the weld base
3.6
weld zone
welded area underneath the welded cross-section
3.7
current intensity
root-mean-square (RMS) value of the welding current in the steady state during the burning time
of the arc
Note 1 to entry: Current intensity is not applicable to capacitor discharge.
3.8
welding time
time difference between the ignition and the final extinction of the main arc
2 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 14555:2017(E)
3.9
lift
L
distance between the stud tip and the work piece surface with the stud-lifting mechanism in position
and activated
Note 1 to entry: For tip ignition, this definition applies to the ignition gap.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure A.1.
3.10
plunge
axial movement of the stud (3.1) towards the surface of the work piece
3.11
protrusion
P
distance between the tip of the stud (3.1) and the face of the support
device in their initial positions, where the support device faces the work piece
Note 1 to entry: A spring-loaded lifting mechanism is an unregulated lifting mechanism.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure A.1.
3.12
arc blow
magnetic deflection of the arc from the axial direction of the stud (3.1)
3.13
flux
aluminium additive on the weld end of the stud (3.1), which improves the ignition and de-oxidizes the
weld pool
3.14
dual-material stud
two-material stud (3.1) composed of a material at the weld tip, similar to that of the parent material,
and a dissimilar material outside the weld tip, which are joined by a friction weld, thus avoiding a mixed
structure in the weld zone (3.6) when stud welding
3.15
structure subjected to fatigue loading
structure subject to a set of typical load events described by the positions or movements of loads, their
variation in intensity and their frequency and sequence of occurrence
3.16
through-deck stud-welding
application where shear connectors are welded to a steel structure through thin steel sheet with a
thickness of less than 3 mm
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
4.1 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply.
ISO 14555:2017(E)
C capacitance (expressed in mF)
d stud diameter (expressed in mm)
d welding diameter (expressed in mm)
w
h length of the threaded part of the nut
I current intensity (expressed in A)
L lift
P protrusion
t thickness of plate
t welding time (expressed in ms or s)
w
T torque (expressed in Nm)
U charging voltage (expressed in V)
E charging energy (expressed in Ws)
α bending angle (expressed in °)
4.2 Abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviated terms apply.
CF ceramic ferrule
HAZ heat-affected zone
NP no protection
PA flat welding position
PC horizontal welding position
PE overhead welding position
pWPS preliminary welding procedure specification
SG shielding gas
WPS welding procedure specification
WPQR welding procedure qualification record
5 Technical review
When a technical review is required by an application standard, by specification or by use of ISO 3834-2,
ISO 3834-3 or ISO 3834-4, the manufacturer shall check, as appropriate, the following aspects:
a) the accessibility and welding position of the stud weld;
b) the nature of the surface and the collar shape of the welded joint;
c) materials and combinations of materials (see Tables A.3 and A.4); including decking material where
the through-deck technique is being proposed;
4 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 14555:2017(E)
d) the ratio of stud diameter to parent material thickness (avoidance of damage on the reverse side of
the parent material);
e) dimensions and details of the weld preparation and of the finished weld, including the nature of
the stud and parent-metal surfaces, positional and angular accuracy and the length tolerance of the
welded stud;
f) the use of special techniques to avoid damage to the reverse side of the parent material;
g) techniques to assure the angular position of the welded stud.
NOTE Consideration is paid to the multi-axial stress state arising from localized heating/cooling. This stress
concentration reduces the fatigue strength of a component with welded studs.
6 Welding personnel
6.1 Stud-welding operators
The qualification can be done by a welding procedure test (see 10.2) or a pre-production test (see 10.3)
and shall include testing in accordance with the acceptance criteria specified in Clause 12, if relevant.
Stud-welding operators shall have appropriate knowledge to operate the equipment, to adjust it
properly, to carry out the welding correctly and, while doing so, to pay attention to good contact and
suitable connection between the work piece cables and uniform distribution of ferromagnetic materials
(see Table A.8).
The welding personnel shall be qualified in accordance with ISO 14732.
The qualified operator shall be deemed to be qualified for any stud-welding equipment with the same
mode of selecting the parameters which was used in the qualification test. Change in the welding
process variant (numbers 783, 784, 785, 786 of ISO 4063) requires a new qualification.
A test of job knowledge is required for all qualification methods. This test shall cover, as a minimum:
a) setting up the welding equipment in accordance with the welding procedure specification;
b) basic knowledge of the way in which suitable connection of work piece cables, the polarity of the
stud, and arc blowing can influence the weld result (see Table A.8);
c) basic assessment of the welded joint for imperfections (see Tables A.5, A.6 and A.7);
d) safe execution of the welding operations, i.e. good contact of the stud in the stud holder, no movement
during the welding process, operation checking and correct positioning of the welding gun).
6.2 Welding coordination
Welding coordination shall be performed in accordance with ISO 14731. Refer to Annex B for quality
level according ISO 3834-2, ISO 3834-3 and ISO 3834-4 for the welding coordinator.
Welding coordination personnel for stud welding shall have knowledge of and experience in the relevant
stud-welding process, and shall be able to select and set the correct parameters, e.g. lift, protrusion
(plunge), current intensity, and welding time.
A welding coordinator is not required for stud welding to structures subjected to unspecified static
loading (see Annex B).
ISO 14555:2017(E)
7 Equipment
7.1 Production equipment
Suitable stud-welding equipment shall be used, with power supplies of sufficient capacity to weld the
stud properly to the parent material when the equipment is correctly set up. The following equipment
shall be available, as required:
a) power sources, control unit and movable fixtures;
b) cables with sufficient cross-section, solid connection terminals and sufficient earth connection;
c) handling equipment for the technical aspects of welding fabrication (jigs, fixtures);
d) weld data monitoring equipment;
e) cleaning facilities for contact points and welding points;
f) measuring and testing equipment;
g) equipment for pre- and post-treatment;
h) equipment and welding plant for retouching.
7.2 Description of the equipment
A list of the stud-welding equipment shall be maintained, which shall document performance and stud-
welding application field. It shall include:
a) details of the smallest and largest weldable stud diameter;
b) the maximum number of studs to be welded per unit of time;
c) the regulating range of the power supply;
d) the mode of operation and performance of mechanized or automatic stud-welding equipment;
e) details of the available test equipment.
7.3 Maintenance
The correct functioning of the equipment shall be ensured. During production, a function check of the
actuation mechanisms shall be performed at fixed intervals. Cables, terminals, stud and ceramic ferrule
holders shall be regularly checked and replaced at the appropriate time. For mass production and
comprehensive quality requirements in accordance with ISO 3834-2, a maintenance plan for additional
essential systems shall be drawn up. Examples of such systems are:
a) stud sorting and feeding systems;
b) stud and ceramic ferrule holders;
c) mechanical guides and fixtures;
d) measuring equipment;
e) cables, hoses, connecting elements;
f) a monitoring system.
6 © ISO 2017 – Al
...