ISO 5700:2025

International
Standard
ISO 5700
Sixth edition
Tractors for agriculture and
2025-01
forestry — Roll-over protective
structures — Static test method and
acceptance conditions
Tracteurs agricoles et forestiers — Structures de protection
contre le retournement — Méthode d'essai statique et conditions
d'acceptation
Reference number
© ISO 2025
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Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols . 6
5 Apparatus . 7
5.1 Tolerances .7
5.2 Horizontal loading tests .7
5.3 Crushing tests .9
6 Preparation of tractor and ROPS for testing . 10
7 Test procedures .11
7.1 Sequence of tests .11
7.1.1 General .11
7.1.2 First longitudinal loading .11
7.1.3 First crushing test . 12
7.1.4 Loading from the side . 12
7.1.5 Second crushing test . 12
7.1.6 Second longitudinal loading . 12
7.2 Horizontal loading from rear, front and side . 12
7.2.1 General requirements for horizontal loading tests . 12
7.2.2 First longitudinal loading . 12
7.2.3 Loading from side .14
7.3 Crushing tests . 15
7.3.1 Crushing at rear . 15
7.3.2 Crushing at front .18
7.4 Second longitudinal loading .18
8 Determination of seat index point (SIP), seat location and adjustment for test .18
8.1 Seat index point .18
8.2 Seat location and adjustment for tests .18
9 Clearance zone . 19
9.1 Determination of the clearance zone .19
9.2 Determination of the clearance zone for tractors with a non-reversible seat . 20
9.3 Determination of the clearance zone for tractors with a reversible driver’s position .21
9.4 Optional seats . 22
10 Acceptance conditions .22
10.1 General . 22
10.2 Clearance zone . 22
10.3 Recording permanent deflection . 23
10.4 Required force. 23
10.5 Overload test . 23
10.6 Additional conditions . 25
10.7 Cold weather embrittlement . 26
11 Seatbelt anchorage performance .26
12 Labelling .26
13 Applicability to other tractor models and future protective structure modifications .26
13.1 Applicability of the structural test results to other models of tractors . 26
13.2 Applicability of the structural test results to modified models of the protective
structure .27

iii
14 Test report .27
Annex A (informative) Clearance zone measuring rig .28
Annex B (normative) Optional requirements for providing resistance to brittle fracture of roll-
over protective structure at reduced operating temperature .30
Annex C (normative) Test report for roll-over protective structure .32
Bibliography .38

iv
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
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with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and
forestry, Subcommittee SC 2, Common tests.
This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition (ISO 5700:2013), which has been technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— updated the references to the ISO 630 series;
— replaced the ASTM A370 reference with ISO 148-1;
— tolerances have been incorporated in Clause 5 and subsequent clauses have been renumbered;
— cold weather embrittlement in subclause 10.7 has been updated;
— corrected the key table for Figure 17;
— information on clearance zone measuring rig has been moved to Annex A and subsequent annexes have
been relabelled;
— removed the alternative to use killed or semi-killed steel from Annex B;
— removed Annex C Designation of Maintenance Agency.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

v
Introduction
Testing of roll-over protective structures (ROPS) for wheeled or tracked tractors for agriculture and
forestry aims at avoiding or limiting risks to the driver resulting from accidental overturning during normal
operation (e.g. field work) of the tractor. The strength of the ROPS is tested by applying static loads and a
static crushing test to simulate actual loads which can be imposed on the cab or frame when the tractor
overturns either to the rear or to the side without free fall. The tests allow observation to be made on the
strength of the structure and the attachment brackets to the tractor and also of the tractor parts that can be
affected by the load imposed on the structure.
Provision is made to cover both tractors with the conventional forward-facing driver’s position only, as well
as those with a reversible driver’s position. For tractors with a reversible driver’s position, a clearance zone
is defined to be combined clearance zones for the two driving positions. The point of application of the side
loading is determined as the mid-point between the seat index points measured in the two positions.
It is recognized that there can be tractor designs – for example, lawn-mowers, narrow vineyard tractors,
low profile tractors used in low buildings with limited overhead clearance orchards, etc., stilt tractors and
certain forestry machines such as forwarders – for which this document is not appropriate.
This document specifies technical performance requirements, associated test procedures and performance
test report information.
NOTE For narrow tractors, see ISO 12003-1 and ISO 12003-2.

vi
International Standard ISO 5700:2025(en)
Tractors for agriculture and forestry — Roll-over protective
structures — Static test method and acceptance conditions
1 Scope
This document specifies a static test method and the acceptance conditions for roll-over protective structures
(cab or frame) of wheeled or tracked tractors for agriculture and forestry as described in ISO 12934:2021, 3.2.1.
It is applicable to tractors having at least two axles for wheels mounted with pneumatic tyres, or having
tracks instead of wheels, with an unballasted tractor mass of not less than 600 kg and a minimum track
width of the rear wheels greater than 1 150 mm. It is not applicable to tractors having a mass ratio (maximum
permissible mass / reference mass) greater than 1,75.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 148-1, Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test — Part 1: Test method
ISO 630-1, Structural steels — Part 1: General technical delivery conditions for hot-rolled products
ISO 630-2, Structural steels — Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for structural steels for general purposes
ISO 630-3, Structural steels — Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for fine-grain structural steels
ISO 630-4, Structural steels — Part 4: Technical delivery conditions for high yield strength quenched and
tempered structural steel plates and wide flats
ISO 898-1, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel — Part 1: Bolts, screws and
studs with specified property classes — Coarse thread and fine pitch thread
ISO 898-2, Fasteners — Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel — Part 2: Nuts
with specified property classes
ISO 3776-2, Tractors and machinery for agriculture — Seat belts — Part 2: Anchorage strength requirements
ISO 5353, Earth-moving machinery, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Seat index point
ISO 12934, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Basic types — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12934 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/

3.1
roll-over protective structure
ROPS
framework (safety cab or frame) protecting drivers of tractors for agricultural and forestry that avoids or
limits risk to the driver resulting from accidental overturning during normal operation
Note 1 to entry: The ROPS is characterized by the provision of space for a clearance zone, as defined in 9.1, either
inside the envelope of the structure or within a space bounded by a series of straight lines from the outer edges of the
structure to any part of the tractor that might come into contact with flat ground and that is capable of supporting the
tractor in that position if the tractor overturns.
3.1.1
folding ROPS
ROPS (3.1) with the capability to be stowed temporarily for special operating conditions
3.1.2
tiltable ROPS
ROPS (3.1) with the capability to be tilted in whole for service
3.2
unballasted tractor mass
mass of the tractor in working order with tanks and radiators full, roll-over protective structure with
cladding, and any track equipment or additional front-wheel drive components required for normal use
Note 1 to entry: Not included are the operator, optional ballast weights, additional wheel equipment, special equipment
and loads.
3.3
reference mass
m
t
mass, not less than the unballasted mass, selected by the manufacturer for calculation of the energy inputs
and crushing forces to be used in the tests
Note 1 to entry: The reference mass shall not be less than the unballasted mass and must be sufficient to ensure the
mass ratio does not exceed 1,75.
3.4
maximum permissible mass
technically permissible mass
maximum allowable equipment mass and allowable payload specified by the manufacturer
3.5
mass ratio
number calculated by taking the maximum permissible mass divided by reference mass
3.6
horizontal loading test
application of a horizontal load to the rear, front and side of the roll-over protective structure (3.1)
3.7
crushing test
application of a vertical load through a beam placed laterally across the uppermost members of the roll-over
protective structure (3.1)
3.8
longitudinal median plane
longitudinal plane of symmetry
zero Y plane
vertical plane Y passing through the mid-points of AB, perpendicular to AB, A and B being such that

— for each wheel or track of a track-laying tractor, the vertical plane passing through its axis cuts the mid-
plane of the wheel or track following a line Δ which meets the supporting surface of the vehicle at one
point, and
— A and B are two points thus defined which correspond to two wheels or tracks situated respectively at
the two ends of the same real or imaginary axle
See Figure 1 and Figure 2.
Note 1 to entry: The mid-plane of the multiple wheels being equidistant from the vertical planes passing through the
inner edge of the inner wheel and the outer edge of the outer wheel, the line Δ is, in this case, the intersection of the
mid-plane of the multiple wheels and the vertical plane passing through the axis of the axle pin.
Note 2 to entry: When the longitudinal median plane is different whether the front or rear axle is used, the axle which
carries the most static weight may be used to determine longitudinal median plane by convention.

Key
1 wheelbase
2 track width (one axle)
3 track width (the axle which carries the most static weight)
ρ supporting surface
Δ line, vertical plane through axle and mid-plane of wheel or track belt
ϒ longitudinal median plane
A, B point of intersection of supporting surface, vertical plane through axle and mid-plane of wheel or track belt
Figure 1 — Longitudinal median plane, track width, and wheelbase, single wheel or track

Key
1 wheelbase
2 track width (single wheels on both sides)
3 track width (multi wheels on either or both sides)
ρ supporting surface
Δ line, vertical plane through axle and mid-plane of wheel, track belt, or multi wheels
ϒ longitudinal median plane
A, B point of intersection of supporting surface, vertical plane through axle and mid-plane of wheel or track belt
Figure 2 — Longitudinal median plane, track width, and wheelbase, multiple wheels
3.9
track width
distance between the mid-planes of the wheels or tracks
Note 1 to entry: If A and B are the two points thus defined for the wheels on the same axle of the tractor, then the track
width is the distance between points A and B. The track may be defined for both front and rear wheels.
Note 2 to entry: Where there are multi wheels, the track width is the distance between two planes, each of which is the
mid-plane of the multi wheels.

Note 3 to entry: For track-laying tractors, the track width is the distance between the mid-planes of the tracks.
3.10
vertical reference plane
plane established before any application of loading, generally longitudinal to the tractor, passing through
the seat index point (SIP) and the steering-wheel centre and which is used for establishing the resultant load
point in crush loading tests
Note 1 to entry: When a steering wheel does not exist, a vertical plane passing through the SIP and parallel to the
longitudinal median plane of the tractor is used.
3.11
seat reference plane
vertical plane generally longitudinal to the tractor, passing through the seat index point and to the steering
wheel centre and which is used for establishing the clearance zone
Note 1 to entry: This plane is established at the beginning of the series of tests and normally coincides with the
longitudinal median plane of the tractor. This plane is assumed to move horizontally with the seat and steering wheel
during loading but to remain perpendicular to the tractor or the floor of the ROPS if the latter is resiliently mounted.
When a steering wheel does not exist, a vertical plane passing through the SIP and parallel to the longitudinal median
plane of the tractor is used.
3.12
wheelbase
distance between the two lines AB, as defined in 3.8, one for the front wheels and one for the rear wheels
4 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the symbols in Table 1 apply.
Table 1 — Symbols
Symbol Description Unit
α Half of the horizontal seat adjustment mm
h
α Half of the vertical seat adjustment mm
v
Deflection of the ROPS for the calculated basic energy required at the point of,
D mm
and in line with, the load application
D’ Deflection of the protective structure for the calculated energy required mm
E Energy input to be absorbed during first longitudinal loading J
il1
E Energy input to be absorbed during second longitudinal loading J
il2
E Energy input to be absorbed during side loading J
is
F Static load force for the basic energy required N
F Maximum static load force occurring during loading (excluding overload) N
max
F’ Force for the calculated energy required N
F Applied force at front in the crushing test N
f
F Applied force at rear in the crushing test N
r
m Reference mass kg
t
W Width of the ROPS mm
5 Apparatus
5.1 Tolerances
Measurements during the tests shall be made to the following tolerances unless specified elsewhere:
a) time ±0,2 s;
b) distance ±0,5 %;
c) force ±1,0 % at maximum force measured;
d) mass ±0,5 %.
5.2 Horizontal loading tests
5.2.1 Material, equipment and attachment means for ensuring that the tractor chassis is firmly fixed to
the ground and supported independently of the tyres.
5.2.2 Means of applying a horizontal force to the roll-over protective structure, such as are shown in
Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5, conforming with the requirements of 5.2.2.1 to 5.2.2.4.
Key
1 rear load
2 seat index point
3 front load
4 second longitudinal load, front or rear
5 seat reference plane, longitudinal median plane
6 longitudinal load, rear or front
NOTE The layout illustrated is typical, but not mandatory.
Figure 3 — Front and rear load application

Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 seat index point
2 point of side load application (see 7.2.3)
3 deflection due to rear longitudinal loading
4 seat reference plane, longitudinal median plane
5 load
NOTE The layout illustrated is typical, but not mandatory.
Figure 4 — Side load application: Protective cab

Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 seat index point
2 deflection due to rear longitudinal loading
3 point of side load application (see 7.2.3)
NOTE The layout illustrated is typical, but not mandatory.
Figure 5 — Side load application — Rear roll bar frame
5.2.2.1 It shall be ensured that the load can be uniformly distributed normal to the direction of loading
and along a beam of length between 250 mm and 700 mm, in an exact multiple of 50 mm.
5.2.2.2 The edges of the beam in contact with the roll-over protective structure shall be curved with a
maximum radius of 50 mm.
5.2.2.3 Universal joints, or the equivalent, shall be incorporated to ensure that the loading device does not
constrain the structure in rotation or translation in any direction other than the loading direction.
5.2.2.4 Where the roll-over protective structure’s length, covered by the appropriate load-applying beam,
does not constitute a straight line normal to the load application direction, the space shall be packed so as to
distribute the load over this length.
5.2.3 Equipment for measuring force and deflection along the direction of application of the force and
relative to the tractor chassis. To ensure accuracy, measurements shall be taken as continuous recordings.
The measuring devices shall be located so as to record the force and deflection at the point of, and along the
line of, loading.
5.2.4 Means of proving that the clearance zone has not been entered during the test. A measuring rig
based on the clearance zone as shown in Figure A.1 may be used. The dimensions are given in Table A.1.
5.3 Crushing tests
5.3.1 Material, equipment and attachment means for ensuring that the tractor chassis is firmly fixed to
the ground (and supported) independently of the tyres.

5.3.2 Means of applying a downward force on the roll-over protective structure, such as are shown in
Figure 6 including a stiff beam with a width of 250 mm ± 5 mm.
5.3.3 Means of proving that the clearance zone has not been entered during the test. A measuring rig
based on the clearance zone as shown in Figure A.1 may be used.
5.3.4 Equipment for measuring the total vertical force applied.
Key
1 force
2 universal pin joints
3 hydraulic cylinder
4 supports under front and rear axles
5 crushing beam
NOTE The layout illustrated is typical, but not mandatory.
Figure 6 — Example of arrangement for crushing test
6 Preparation of tractor and ROPS for testing
6.1 The protective structure may be manufactured either by the tractor manufacturer or by an
independent firm. In either case, a test is only valid for the model of tractor on which it is carried out.
6.2 The protective structure shall be retested for each model of tractor to which it is to be fitted. However,
test engineers may verify that the strength tests are also valid for tractor models derived from the original
model by modifications to the engine, transmission and steering and front suspension. Alternatively, more
than one protective structure may be tested for any one model of tractor.
NOTE See Clause 13 for applicability to other tractor models.

6.3 The roll-over protective structure shall be manufactured to production specifications and shall be
fitted to the appropriate tractor model chassis in accordance with the manufacturer’s declared attachment
method to form the assembly.
6.4 This assembly shall be secured to the bedplate so that the members connecting the assembly and the
bedplate do not deflect significantly in relation to the ROPS under loading. The assembly shall not receive
any support under loading other than that due to the initial attachment.
6.5 A track width setting for the rear wheels, if present, shall be chosen such that there is no interference
with the ROPS during testing.
6.6 The assembly shall be supported and secured or modified so that all the test energy is absorbed by the
roll-over protective structure and its attachment to the tractor rigid components.
6.7 Deflection of the chassis integral components is permissible during the ROPS test. Any members that
absorb energy during the ROPS test should be noted in the test report.
6.8 All windows, panels and removable non-structural fittings shall be removed so that they do not
contribute to the strength of the ROPS.
In cases where it is possible to fix doors and windows open or remove them during work, they shall be either
removed or fixed open for the test, so that they do not add to the strength of the ROPS. It shall be noted
whether, in this position, they would create a hazard for the driver in the event of overturning.
6.9 Any component of the tractor contributing to the strength of the protective structure, such as
mudguards, which has been reinforced by the manufacturer, should be described and its measurements
given in the test report.
6.10 Where a “tandem” tractor (e.g. articulated tractor) is concerned, the mass of the standard version of
that part to which the ROPS is fitted shall be used.
6.11 If the ROPS being tested is a folding or tiltable ROPS, the ROPS shall be placed in the position that
provides protection to the operator in the event of an overturn prior to testing.
7 Test procedures
CAUTION — Take adequate protection to protect personnel during tests. Some of the tests specified
in this document involve the use of processes which can lead to a hazardous situation.
7.1 Sequence of tests
7.1.1 General
The test shall be carried out in accordance with the procedures given in 7.1.2 to 7.1.6 in the sequence as given.
To carry out the longitudinal loading test, it is necessary to first determine the side loading direction 7.1.4 to
know where the longitudinal load should be applied.
7.1.2 First longitudinal loading
For a tractor with at least 50 % of its tractor mass on the rear wheels and for track-laying tractors, the
longitudinal loading shall be applied from the rear. For other tractors the longitudinal loading shall be
applied from the front.
7.1.3 First crushing test
The first crushing test shall be applied at the same end of the ROPS as the longitudinal loading.
7.1.4 Loading from the side
In the case of an offset seat and/or non-symmetrical strength of the ROPS, the side loading shall be on the
side most likely to lead to entering of the clearance zone.
7.1.5 Second crushing test
The second crushing test shall be applied at the opposite end of the ROPS to the longitudinal loading. In the
case of two-post designs, it may be at the same point as in 7.1.3.
7.1.6 Second longitudinal loading
A second longitudinal loading shall be applied to tractors fitted with a ROPS designed to be folded/tilted
when the longitudinal loading in 7.1.2 has not been applied in the direction in which the ROPS is designed
to fold/tilt. The second longitudinal loading does not apply to tiltable ROPS where the tilt mechanism is
independent from the structural integrity of the ROPS.
7.2 Horizontal loading from rear, front and side
7.2.1 General requirements for horizontal loading tests
7.2.1.1 The loads applied to the ROPS shall be distributed by means of a stiff beam, in accordance with the
requirements of 5.2.2, located normal to the direction of load application; the stiff beam may have a means of
preventing its being displaced sideways. The rate of load application shall be such that the rate of deflection
does not exceed 5 mm/s. Once the initial application has commenced, the load shall not be reduced until the
test has been completed; but it is permissible to cease increasing the load if desired, for example, to record
measurements.
7.2.1.2 The direction of the applied force shall be within the following limits:
— at start of test (no load), ±2°;
— during test (under load), 10° above and 20° below the horizontal.
7.2.1.3 If no structural cross-member exists at the application point, a substitute test beam which does
not add strength to the structure may be used to complete the test procedure.
7.2.2 First longitudinal loading
7.2.2.1 The load shall be applied horizontally and parallel to the longitudinal median plane of the tractor
from the rear or the front as required by 7.1.2. If from the rear, it shall be applied to the opposite side to that
to which the side load is applied. If from the front, it shall be to the same side as the side load.
7.2.2.2 The load shall be applied to the uppermost transverse structural member of the ROPS (i.e. that
part which would be likely to strike the ground first in an overturning accident).
7.2.2.3 The load application point shall be at one-sixth of the width of the roll-over protective structure’s
top, inwards from the outside corner. The width of the ROPS shall be taken as the distance between two
lines parallel to the longitudinal median plane of the tractor and touching the outside extremities of the
ROPS in the horizontal plane touching the top of the uppermost transverse structural members.

7.2.2.4 In the event that the ROPS is formed of curved members and no appropriate corners exist, the
following general procedure shall apply for determining W. The test engineer shall identify the curved
member most likely to first strike ground in the event of an asymmetrical rear or front overturn (e.g. an
overturn to the front or rear where one side of the ROPS is likely to bear the initial loading). The end points
of W shall be the mid-points of the external radii created between other straight or curved members which
form the uppermost ROPS structure. In the event that multiple curved members can be selected, the test
engineer shall establish ground lines for each possible member to determine which surface is most likely to
strike ground first. See Figure 7 and Figure 8 for examples.
Key
1 seat index point (SIP)
2 seat reference plane, longitudinal median plane
3 point of second longitudinal load application, front or rear
4 point of longitudinal load application, rear or front
5 end point of W
NOTE The layout illustrated is typical, but not mandatory.
Figure 7 — Example of ‘W’ for ROPS with curved members: 4-post ROPS

Key
1 seat index point (SIP)
2 seat reference plane, longitudinal median plane
3 point of second longitudinal load application, front or rear
4 point of longitudinal load application, rear or front
NOTE The layout illustrated is typical, but not mandatory.
Figure 8 — Example of ‘W’ for ROPS with curved members: 2-post ROPS
7.2.2.5 The beam length shall be not less than one-third of the roll-over protective structure’s width W as
described in 7.2.2.4 and not more than 49 mm over this minimum.
7.2.2.6 The test shall be stopped when
a) the strain energy absorbed by the ROPS is greater than or equal to the required input energy, E , in
il1
joules, where
Em=⋅14,
il1 t
or
b) the ROPS enters the clearance zone (see Clause 9) or leaves it unprotected.
7.2.3 Loading from side
7.2.3.1 The load shall be applied from the side horizontally normal to the longitudinal median plane. It
shall be applied to the roll-over protective structure’s upper extremity at a point (160 – α ) mm (see Figure 4
h
and Figure 5) forward of the SIP (see Figure 4 and Figure 5, and Clause 8), or, for a tractor with reversible
driver’s position, midway between the SIPs measured in the two driving directions.
7.2.3.2 If it is certain that any particular part of the cab side will touch the ground first when the tractor
overturns sideways, the loading shall be applied at that point, provided that this permits uniform load

distribution as specified in 7.2.1. In the case of a two-post structure, side loading shall be applied at the
structural member uppermost on the side, regardless of the SIP.
7.2.3.3 The beam length shall be as long as practicable, subject to a maximum of 700 mm.
7.2.3.4 The test shall be stopped when
a) the strain energy absorbed by the ROPS is greater than or equal to the required input energy, E , in
is
joules, where
Em=⋅17, 5
is t
or
b) the ROPS enters the clearance zone (see Clause 9) or leaves it unprotected.
7.3 Crushing tests
7.3.1 Crushing at rear
7.3.1.1 The beam shall be positioned across the rear uppermost structural members (see Figures 9 and
10) and the resultant crushing forces shall be located in the vertical reference plane. The force, F , shall be
r
applied, where F = 20 m , in newtons. This force shall be maintained for at least 5 s after the cessation of any
r t
visually detectable movement of the ROPS.
Key
1 position of beam for rear crushing test
2 seat index point
3 position of beam for front crushing test
NOTE The layout illustrated is typical, but not mandatory.
Figure 9 — Position of beam for front and rear crushing tests on 4-post ROPS

Key
1 position of beam for rear crushing test
2 seat index point
3 position of beam for front crushing test
NOTE The layout illustrated is typical, but not mandatory.
Figure 10 — Position of beam for front and rear crushing tests on 2-post ROPS
7.3.1.2 Where the rear part of the roll-over protective structure’s roof will not sustain the full crushing
force, the force shall be applied until the roof is deflected to coincide with the plane joining the upper part
of the ROPS to that part of the tractor rear capable of supporting the vehicle mass when overturned. See
Figures 11 and 12. The force shall then be removed and the tractor or loading force repositioned so that the
beam is over that point of the ROPS which would then support the tractor front when completely overturned
and the full force applied.
Key
1 imaginary ground plane
2 second position of the beam for front crushing test where the front part of the roof will not sustain the full crushing
force
3 second position of the beam for rear crushing test where the rear part of the roof will not sustain the full crushing
force
4 part of the tractor capable of supporting the mass of the tractor when overturned
NOTE The layout illustrated is typical, but not mandatory.
Figure 11 — Application of imaginary ground plane for front and rear crushing tests on 4-post ROPS
Key
1 imaginary ground plane
2 second position of the beam for crushing test where the part of the roof will not sustain the full crushing force
3 part of the tractor capable of supporting the mass of the tractor when overturned
NOTE The layout illustrated is typical, but not mandatory.
Figure 12 — Application of imaginary ground plane for front and rear crushing tests on 2-post ROPS

7.3.2 Crushing at front
7.3.2.1 The beam shall be positioned across the front uppermost structural members (see Figures 9 and
10) and the resultant crushing forces shall be located in the vertical reference plane. The force, F , shall be
f
applied, where F = 20 m , in newtons. This force shall be maintained for at least 5 s after the cessation of any
f t
visually detectable movement of the ROPS.
7.3.2.2 Where the front part of the roll-over protective structure’s roof will not sustain the full crushing
force, the force shall be applied until the roof is deflected to coincide with the plane joining the upper part
of the ROPS to that part of the tractor front capable of supporting the vehicle mass when overturned. See
Figures 11 and 12. The force shall then be removed and the tracto
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