ISO/FDIS 6909

ISO/TC 39/SC 10/WG 1
Secretariat: SNV
Date: 2025-10-30
Machine tools — Safety — Press brakes
Machines outils — Sécurité des machines outils — Presses plieuses
FDIS stage
First edition
Date: 2024-11-04
FINAL DRAFT International Standard ISO/FDIS 6909:2024(E)

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Contents
Foreword . vi
Introduction . vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 4
4 List of significant hazards . 18
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 19
5.1 General . 19
5.2 Protection of mechanical hazards . 19
5.3 Control systems . 36
5.4 Mode of operation . 79
5.5 Consideration of basic design and other mechanical hazards . 80
5.6 Protection against non-mechanical hazard . 83
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures . 87
7 Information for use . 94
7.1 Marking . 94
7.2 Instruction handbook . 95
Annex A (informative) Significant hazards, hazardous situations and protective measures . 98
Annex B (normative) Calculation of separation distances . 103
Annex C (normative) Overall system response time of the press brake stopping performance 107
Annex D (informative) Example of redundant and monitored hydraulic control circuits for a
down-stroking press brake . 108
Annex E (normative) Noise test code for press brakes . 111
Annex F (informative) Side safeguarding for press brakes with manually loaded and/or
unloaded . 118
Annex G (normative) Markings . 122
Annex H (normative) Laser actuated AOPD system tests . 124
Annex I (informative) Bending speed . 126
Annex J (informative) Press brakes technologies . 129
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 131
Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 aimed to be covered. 138
Bibliography . 142

v
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Field Code Changed
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s)
which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not
represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 39, Machine tools, Subcommittee SC 10, Safety,
in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 143,
Machine tools - Safety, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN
(Vienna Agreement).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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vi
Introduction
This document is a type C standard as stated in ISO 12100:2010.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— — machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— — health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the above-
mentioned stakeholder groups:
— — machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— — machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— — service providers, e.g.for example, for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— — consumers (in the case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting process
of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
vii
Machine tools — Safety — Press brakes
1 Scope
This document specifies technical safety requirements and measures to be adopted by persons undertaking
the design, manufacture and supply of press brakes which are intended to work cold metal or material partly
of cold metal but which can be used in the same way to work other sheet materials (e.g. cardboard, plastic,
rubber, leather, etc.)) and also referred to as machines.
NOTE 1 The design of a machine includes the study of the machine itself, taking into account all phases of the “life” of
the machine mentioned in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, and the drafting of the instructions related to all the above phases.
This document covers the following types of machines (see Annex JAnnex J):):
— — hydraulic press brakes;
— — hydraulic servo-drive press brakes;
— — screw servo-drive press brakes;
— — belt-spring servo-drive press brakes.
The requirements in this document take account of intended use, as defined in ISO 12100:2010, 3.23, as well
as reasonably foreseeable misuse, as defined in ISO 12100:2010, 3.24. This document presumes access to the
press brake from all directions, deals with all significant hazards during the various phases of the life of the
machine described in Clause 4Clause 4,, and specifies the safety measures for both the operator and other
exposed persons.
NOTE 2 All significant hazards means those identified or associated with press brakes at the time of the publication
of this document.
This document applies to press brakes which can function independently or in combination (e.g. two machines
in tandem or more) and can also be used as a guide for the design of press brakes which are intended to be
integrated in a manufacturing system.
This document deals with theall significant hazards, hazardous situations andor hazardous events relevant to
press brakes and ancillary devices (see Clause 4Clause 4).) when it is used as intended and under conditions
of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. This document specifies the safety
requirements for press brakes defined in Clause 3this clause.
This document does not cover press brakes which transmit energy to impart beam motion by using pneumatic
means or mechanical clutch or press brakes that use combination of technologies (e.g. combined hydraulic
and screw servo-drive press brake or combined hydraulic servo-drive and screw servo-drive press brake).
This document does not cover machines whose principal designed purpose is:
a) a) sheet folding by rotary action;
b) b) tube and pipe bending by rotary action;
c) c) roll bending.
This document does not cover hazards related to the use of press brakes in explosive atmospheres.
This document is not applicable to press brakes which are manufactured before the date of its publication.
This document does not cover the safety aspect of equipment for automatic workpiece loading and unloading
where provided. Guidance on how to take into account additional automatic loading and unloading equipment
can be found in ISO 11161:2007.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using
sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
ISO 3746:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using
sound pressure — Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane
ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components
ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components
ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment
ISO 5774:2023, Plastics hoses — Textile-reinforced types for compressed-air applications — Specification
ISO 11202:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound
pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying approximate environmental
corrections
ISO 11237:2025, Rubber hoses and hose assemblies — Compact wire-braid-reinforced hydraulic types for oil-
based or water-based fluids — Specification
ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 13732-1:2006, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human responses
to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces
ISO 13849--1:2023, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles
for design
ISO 13849--2:2012, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 2: Validation
ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop function — Principles for design
ISO 13851:2019, Safety of machinery — Two-hand control devices — Functional aspects and Principles for
design principlesand selection
ISO FDIS 13855:2024, Safety of machinery — Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach of parts of
the human body
ISO 13857:2019, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and
lower limbs
ISO 14118:2017, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up
ISO 14119:20132024, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for
design and selection
ISO 14120:2015, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed
and movable guards
ISO 14122--1:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice of fixed
means and general requirements of access
ISO 14122--2:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working
platforms and walkways
ISO 14122--3:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairs,
stepladders and guard-rails
ISO/TR 11688-1:1995, Acoustics — Recommended practice 14738:2002, Safety of machinery —
Anthropometric requirements for the design of low-noiseworkstations at machinery and equipment — Part 1:
Planning
ISO/TS 15066:2016, Robots and robotic devices — Collaborative robots
ISO 14738:2002/Cor 2:2005, Safety of machinery — Anthropometric requirements for the design of
workstations at machinery — Technical Corrigendum 2
IEC 60204--1:2016+AMD1:2021, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General
requirements
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code)
IEC 60529:1989/AMD1:1999, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code)
IEC 60529:1989/AMD2:2013/COR 1:2019, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code)
IEC 60825--1:2014, Safety of laser products — Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
IEC 60947-5-1:2025, Low-voltage switchgear and control gear — Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and switching
elements — Electromechanical control circuit devices
IEC 61310--2:2007, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 2: Requirements for
marking
IEC 61310-3:2007, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 3: Requirements for the
location and operation of actuators
IEC 61496--1:2020, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 1: General
requirements and test
IEC 61496--2:2020, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 2: Particular
requirements for equipment using active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs)
IEC 61496--3:2018, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 3: Particular
requirements for Active Opto-electronic Protective Devices responsive to Diffuse Reflection (AOPDDR)
IEC 61508--1:2010, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems
— Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61508--2:2010, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems
— Part 2: Requirements for electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems
IEC 61508--3:2010, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems
— Part 3: Software requirements
IEC 61800--5-2:2016, Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems — Part 5-2: Safety requirements —
Functional
IEC 62061:2021+AMD1:2024, Safety of machinery — Functional safety of safety-related control systems
EN 1005-1:2001+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 1: Terms and
definitions
EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 2: Manual handling of
machinery and component parts of machinery
EN 1005-3:2002+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 3: Recommended force
limits for machinery operation
EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 4: Evaluation of
working postures and movements in relation to machinery
EN 1837:2020, Safety of machinery — Integral lighting of machines
EN 50370--1:2005, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Product family standard for machine tools —
Part 1: Emission
EN 50370--2:2003, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Product family standard for machine tools —
Part 2: Immunity
ISO 61310-3, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 3: Requirements for the location
and operation of actuators
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in in ISO 12100:2010 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— — IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 3.1
press brake
machine designed or intended to transmit energy to the moving part of the tools (3.13(3.13)) principally for
the purpose of bending between narrow forming tools along straight lines
3.2 3.2
up-stroking hydraulic press brake
hydraulic press brake (3.4(3.1)) in which the moving part of tools (3.13(3.13)) moves upwards during the
closing stroke
Note 1 to entry: The movement is reciprocal to a down-stroking press brake (3.3,); see Figure 1Figure 1.
3.3 3.3
down-stroking press brake
press brake (3.1(3.1)) in which the moving part of tools (3.13(3.13)) moves downwards during the closing
stroke
Key
1 press cylinder
2 control panel
3 electrical switch gear cabinet
4 foot pedal
5 workpiece support
6 backgauge (3.53)
7 hydraulic system
8 beam (3.14)
9 tools (3.13)
10 bed
11 side safeguard
12 light curtain (3.17
1 press cylinder 6 backgauge (3.53) 11 side safeguard
2 control panel 7 hydraulic system 12 light curtain (3.17)
3 electrical switch gear cabinet 8 beam (3.14)
4 foot pedal 9 tools (3.13)
5 workpiece support 10 bed
)
Figure 1 — Example of a down-stroking hydraulic press brake
3.4 3.4
hydraulic press brake
press brake (3.1(3.1)) utilising hydraulic power to impart the movement of the beam (3.14(3.14)) whose
characteristics are dependent on hydraulic valve(s)
Note 1 to entry: The hydraulic valve(s) includes servo-valve(s) and proportional control valve(s).
Note 2 to entry: Examples of characteristics are the speed, the pressure, the and direction.
Note 3 to entry: Example For an example of a down-stroking (3.3) hydraulic press brake (3.4),, see Figure 1Figure 1.
3.5 3.5
hydraulic servo-drive press brake
press brake (3.1(3.1)) utilising hydraulic power to impart the movement of the beam (3.14(3.14)) whose
characteristics are directly dependent on servo-pump(s) (3.31(3.31))
Note 1 to entry: Examples of characteristics are speed, pressure, and direction.
3.6 3.6
screw servo-drive press brake
press brake (3.1(3.1)) utilising servo-motor(s) and screw(s) to impart the movement of the beam (3.14(3.14))
Note 1 to entry: The characteristics of movements (e.g. speed, force, direction) are directly dependent on servo-motor(s).
Note 2 to entry: Example For an example of a down-stroking screw servo-drive press brake (3.6),, see Figure 2Figure 2.
Key
1 down-stroking beam 4 right side screw
2 bed 5 right side brake
3 left side servomotor 6 frame
1 down-stroking beam
2 bed
3 left side servomotor
4 right side screw
5 right side brake
6 frame
Figure 2 — Example of a down-stroking screw servo-drive press brake
3.7 3.7
belt-spring servo-drive press brake
press brake (3.1(3.1)) utilising servo-motor(s), belt(s), pulley(s) and spring(s) to impart the movement of the
beam (3.14(3.14))
Note 1 to entry: The characteristics of movements (e.g. speed, force, direction) are directly dependent on servo-motor(s).
Note 2 to entry: For an example of a down-stroking belt-spring servo-drive press brake, see Figure 3

.
Key
1 down-stroking beam 5 right side belt
2 bed 6 idle pulley mounted on the beam
3 left side servomotor 7 idle pulley mounted on a fixed part
4 left side twin spring arrangement 8 attachment of the belt
1 down-stroking beam
2 bed
3 left side servomotor
4 left side twin spring arrangement
5 right side belt
6 idle pulley mounted on the beam
7 idle pulley mounted on a fixed part
8 attachment of the belt
Figure 3 —— Example of a down-stroking belt-spring servo-drive press brake
3.8 3.8
tools area
area between moving and stationary tools (3.13(3.13))
EXAMPLE Space between the punch and the die of a press brake (3.1.).
3.9 3.9
ancillary device
any device intended for use with the press brake (3.1(3.1)) and/or integrated with it
Note 1 to entry: Examples of these devices are backgauges (3.53(3.53),), adjustable front sheet supports, tool loading
devices.
3.10 3.10
dead centre
point at which the tools (3.13(3.13),), during its travel, is :
— either
— nearest/closest to the die (generally it corresponds to the end of the closing stroke);
— — ), or
— furthest from the die (generally it corresponds to the end of the opening stroke).)
Note 1 to entry: On an up-stroking hydraulic press brake (3.2), the centres are reversed.
Note 2 to entry: the The point at which the tool (3.13(3.13)) is either nearest or closest to the die is also known as the
bottom dead centre (BDC). The point at which the tool is furthest from the die is also known as the top dead centre (TDC).
Note 2 to entry: On an up-stroking hydraulic press brake (3.23.11
), the centres are reversed.
3.11
guard locking
measuresmeans to maintain an interlocking guard in the closed position until the risk of injury from the
hazardous machine functions (3.46(3.46)) has ceased
[SOURCE: ISO 16092-1:2017, 3.2.8, modified — “(3.4.3)” was deleted.]—"measures" has been replaced by
"means".]
3.113.12 3.12
position switch
switch which is operated by a moving part of the machine when this part reaches or leaves a predetermined
position
3.13
tools
3.13
tool
combination of a moving part (e.g. punch) and a stationary part (e.g. die)
3.14 3.14
beam
main reciprocating press brake (3.1(3.1)) member which normally holds the punch on a down-stroking press
brake (3.3(3.3),) and which normally holds the die on an up-stroking press brake (3.2(3.2))
3.15 3.15
electro-sensitive protective equipment
ESPE
assembly of devices and/or components working together for protective tripping or presence-sensing
purposes comprising
— — a sensing device;
— — controlling/monitoring (3.20) devices;
— — output signal switching devices (3.49;);
— — a safety-related data interface.
Note 1 to entry: For the purposes of this document, electro-sensitive protective equipment covers active opto-electronic
protective devices (3.16), active opto-electronic protective devices responsive to diffuse reflection (3.19) and laser actuated
active opto-electronic protective devices.
[SOURCE: ISO FDIS 13855:2024, 3.1.5, modified — “as a minimum” washas been deleted after "comprising" in
the first part of the definition, and the last list item has been replaced by 2two list items] and Note 1 to entry
has been replaced.]
Note 1 to entry: For the purposes of this document, ESPE (3.15) covers AOPD (3.16), AOPDDR (3.19), laser actuated AOPD
(3.16).
3.16 3.16
active opto-electronic protective device
AOPD
device whose sensing function (3.46(3.46)) is performed by opto-electronic emitting and receiving elements
detecting the interruption of optical radiation, generated within the device, by an opaque object present in the
specified detection zone
[SOURCE: IEC 61496-2:2020, 3.201]
3.17 3.17
light curtain
active opto-electronic protective device (3.16AOPD (3.16)) comprising an integrated assembly of one or more
emitting element(s) and one or more receiving element(s) forming a detection zone with a detection capability
specified by the supplier
[SOURCE: IEC 61496-2:2020, definition 3.205]
3.18 3.18
blanking
optional function (3.46(3.46)) that permits an object of a size greater than the detection capability of the active
opto-electronic protective device (3.16AOPD (3.16)) to be located within the detection zone without causing an
OFF-state of the OSSDoutput signal switching device(s) (3.49(3.49))
Note 1 to entry: Fixed blanking (3.18) is a technique wherein the locations of the blanked areas of the detection zone do
not change during operation. The detection capability of the other parts of the detection zone remains unchanged.
Note 2 to entry: Floating blanking (3.18) is a technique wherein the blanked area of the detection zone follows the
location of a moving object(s) during operation. The detection capability of the other areas remains unchanged.
Note 3 to entry: Progressive blanking (3.18) also known as successive blanking (3.18) or sequential blanking (3.18) is a
particular blanking (3.18) technique related to laser actuated AOPDactive opto-electronic protective device, where the
blanking (3.18) is done progressively at a high speed, at less than a 10 mm gap to the workpiece.
[SOURCE: ISO 16092-1:2017, 3.2.19]
3.19 3.19
active opto-electronic protective device responsive to diffuse reflection
AOPDDR
device, whose sensing function (3.46(3.46)) is performed by opto-electronic emitting and receiving elements,
that detects the diffuse reflection of optical radiations generated within the device by an object present in a
detection zone specified in two dimensions
[SOURCE: IEC 61496-3:2018, 3.301]
3.20 3.20
monitoring
safety function (3.46(3.46)) which ensures that a safety measure is initiated if the ability of a component or an
element to perform its function (3.46) is diminished, or if the process conditions are changed in such a way
that hazards are generated
[SOURCE: ISO 16092-1:2017, 3.3.1, modified — “(3.4.3)” was deleted]
3.21 3.21
muting
temporary automatic suspension of a safety function(s) (3.46(3.46)) by safety-related parts of the control
system during otherwise safe conditions in the operation of a machine
[SOURCE: ISO 16092-1:2017, 3.3.2, modified — “(3.4.3)” was deleted]
3.22 3.22
overall system response time
time occurring from actuating the protective device to the cessation of hazardous motion, or to the machine
assuming a safe condition
3.23 3.23
reset
function (3.46(3.46)) within the safety-related part of a control system (3.50SRP/CS (3.50)) used to restore
manually one or more safety functions (3.46) before re-starting a machine
[SOURCE: ISO 16092-1:2017, 3.3.4, modified — “(3.4.3)” was deleted.]]
3.24 3.24
restraint valve
hydraulic device which protects against a gravity fall of the beam (3.14(3.14))
3.25 3.25
brake
mechanism for slowing, stopping and holding the beam (3.14(3.14))
3.26 3.26
mechanical brake
brake (3.25(3.25)) using dry or fluid friction
3.27 3.27
moving direction monitoring
monitoring (3.20(3.20) function (3.46)) which monitors the beam (3.14(3.14)) moving direction, directly or
indirectly
3.28 3.28
standstill monitoring
monitoring (3.20(3.20) function (3.46)) which monitors the beam (3.14(3.14)) position, directly or indirectly
3.29 3.29
stopping-performance (overrun) monitoring
monitoring (3.20(3.20) function (3.46)) which monitors the beam (3.14(3.14)) stopping time or distance
3.30 3.30
servo drive system
system directly connecting a servo-motor to the transmission system such as gear (motor reducer), timing
belt drive mechanism, mechanical link, ball screw, harmonic drive reducer
3.31 3.31
servopump
hydraulic pump driven by a servo-motor
3.32 3.32
protective stop
protective stop function
stop function (3.46(3.46)) initiated by a protective measure
3.33 3.33
safe energized standstill
safety function (3.46(3.46)) preventing an unexpected movement of the beam (3.14(3.14)) of more than a
defined amount from the stopped position, with energy supplied to the servomotor(s) to resist to external
forces, and without actuation of the mechanical brake(s) (3.26(3.26)) or the hydraulic/mechanical restraint
device(s)
3.34 3.34
safe de-energized standstill
safety function (3.46(3.46)) preventing an unexpected movement of the beam (3.14(3.14)) by removing the
energy supply to the servomotor(s) and either the mechanical brake(s) (3.26(3.26)) or the
hydraulic/mechanical restraint device(s)
3.35 3.35
safe stop
safe stop function
stop function (3.46(3.46)) initiated by a monitoring (3.20(3.20) function (3.46))
3.36 3.36
safe torque off
STO
function (3.46(3.46)) which prevents force-producing power from being provided to the servo-motor
Note 1 to entry: For further details on STO, see also IEC 61800-5-2:2016, 4.2.3.2.
3.37 3.37
worst case
condition of the press brake (3.1(3.1)) when it would be under foreseeably unfavourable situations
EXAMPLE The press beam (3.14(3.14)) is in its most disadvantageous position, with a tool (3.13(3.13)) of maximum
weight being used, etc.
3.38 3.38
operating mode
specific manner of operation of a press brake (3.1(3.1)) or press brake production system determined by the
control system
Note 1 to entry: For specifications on safety facilities and security measures relating to different operating modes, see
Clause 5Clause 5.
3.39 3.39
OFF
operating mode (3.38(3.38)) in which the press brake (3.1(3.1)) is rendered inoperative
3.40 3.40
single cycle
operating mode (3.38(3.38)) where each operating cycle (3.47) of the beam (3.14(3.14)) is positively actuated
by the operator
3.41 3.41
single stroke function
function (3.46(3.46)) used to limit the motion of the tool (3.13(3.13)) to one operating cycle (3.47) even if the
stroke initiating means is held in the operating position
Note 1 to entry: Initiating mean The initiating means can be a foot pedal.
3.42 3.42
automatic cycle
operating mode (3.38(3.38)) where the operating cycle is repeated continuously or intermittently, all functions
(3.46(3.46)) achieved without manual intervention after initiation
3.43 3.43
light curtain single break
single cycle (3.40) where a light curtain (3.17(3.17)) is used for cycle (3.47) initiation after clearing the light
curtain (3.17) following a single interruption for manual loading and unloading
3.44 3.44
light curtain double break
single cycle (3.40) where a light curtain (3.17(3.17)) is used for cycle (3.47) initiation after clearing the light
curtain (3.17) following a double interruption for manual loading and unloading
3.45 3.45
operating mode selection device
facility consisting of an access, selection and activation system for manual selection of the machine’s operating
mode (3.38(3.38)) to which only a restricted group of persons has access
[SOURCE: ISO 16092-1:2017, 3.4.2, modified — “(3.4.1)” and Note 1 were deleted.]]
3.46 3.46
function
operation of a machine or a part of a machine which is specific or required for the intended machine task
[SOURCE: ISO 16092-1:2017, 3.4.3]
3.47 3.47
cycle
complete movement of the beam (3.14(3.14)) and other devices of the press brake (3.1(3.1)) used for
production
EXAMPLE Ancillary devices (3.9(3.9)) including feeding and removal of the material or workpiece along a
programmed motion path from the programmed start position [top dead centre (TDC (3.10)))] back to the programmed
end position (TDC (3.10))).
3.48 3.48
programmable electronic system
PES
system for control, protection or monitoring (3.20) based on one or more programmable electronic devices,
including all elements of the system such as power supplies, sensors and other input devices, data highways
and other communication paths, and actuators and other output devices
[SOURCE: IEC 61508-4:2010, 3.3.1, modified — “(see Figure 2Figure 2)”,)”, Note 1 to entry and
Figure 2Figure 2 were have been deleted.]
3.49 3.49
output signal switching device
OSSD
component of the electro-sensitive protective equipment (3.15ESPE (3.15)) connected to the machine control
system which, when the sensing device is actuated during normal operation, responds by going to the OFF-
state
[SOURCE: IEC 61496-1:2020, 3.19]
3.50 3.50
safety-related part of a control system
SRP/CS
part of a control system that performs a safety function (3.46,), starting from a safety-related input(s) to
generating a safety-related output(s)
Note 1 to entry: the The combined safety related parts of a control system start at the point where the safety related input
signals are initiated ([including, for example, the actuating cam and the roller of the position switch (3.12))] and end at
the output of the power control elements (including, for example, the main contact of a contactor).
Note 2 to entry: SRP/CS (3.50) generally use mechanical, hydraulic, electrical, pneumatic or software parts.
[SOURCE: ISO 13849-1:2023, 3.1.1, modified –— "combined" has been added to Note 1 to entry and Note 2 to
entry has been added].]
3.51 3.51
overrun monitoring device
device which provides a signal to inhibit further complete stroke when the overrun exceeds the pre-set limit(s)
3.52 3.52
bending plane
vertical plane passing through the first contact line with the material from the moving part of the tools
(3.13(3.13)) nearest to the operator
3.53 3.53
backgauge
mechanism comprising all necessary parts to move backgauge finger(s) (3.54(3.54),), including transmission
parts and mobile supports of backgauge finger(s) (3.54)
Note 1 to entry: For an example of a backgauge, see Figure 4 See Figure 4.
Figure 4 — Example of a backgauge for a press brake
3.54 3.54
backgauge finger
mechanical part moved by backgauge (3.53(3.53)) against which the workpiece is positioned before bending
Note 1 to entry: For an example of a backgauge finger, see Figure 5 See Figure 5.

Figure 5 — Example of a backgauge finger for a backgauge
3.55 3.55
numerical control
NC
automatic control of a process performed by a device that makes use of numeric data introduced while the
operation is in progress
3.56 3.56
programmable logic controller
PLC
digitally operating electronic system, designed for use in an industrial environment, which uses a
programmable memory for the internal storage of user-oriented instructions for implementing specific
functions (3.46) such as logic, sequencing, timing, counting and arithmetic, to control, through digital or
analogue inputs and outputs, various types of machines or processes
Note 1 to entry: Both the PLC and its associated peripherals are designed so that they can be easily integrated into an
industrial control system and easily used in all their intended functions.
[SOURCE: IEC 61131-1:2003, 3.5, modified] — Note 1 to the entry has been deleted and part of the definition
has been moved to the new Note 1 to entry.]
3.57
human machine interface
HMI
controls and displays that allow a human to interact with a manufactured device or system
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 12204:2012, 3.9]
3.58
reference plane
level at which persons would normally stand during the use of the machine or access to the hazard zone
Note 1 to entry: The reference plane is not necessarily the ground or the floor (e.g. a working platform can be the
reference plane).
[SOURCE: ISO 13855:2024, 3.1.10, modified — "or safety-related manual control device (SRMCD)" has been
deleted from the definition.]
4 List of significant hazards
This clause contains all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as far as they are dealt with in
this document, identified by risk assessment as significant for the machines defined in the scope and which
require a specific action to eliminate or reduce the risk:
These hazards are listed in Table A.1Table A.1.
Particular attention is given to hazards dealing with the following:
— — crushing and shearing between moving parts such as tools, beam, back gauges, workpiece supports;
— — entanglement on or drawing into moving parts of the machine, guards, motor and drive machinery;
— — ejection of machine components;
— — release of hydraulic fluids.
Main danger zones are the following:
— — tools area with beam, back gauges, workpiece supports, front gauges, angle correction device,
automatic tools changer;
— — workpiece handling device;
— — motor and drive machinery.
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
5.1 General
The methods or measures to be implemented to eliminate the significant hazards or reduce their associated
risks are detailed in this clause in the following manner:
— — Protectionprotection of mechanical hazards (5.2(5.2););
— — Controlcontrol systems (5.3(5.3););
— — Modemode of operation (5.4(5.4););
— — Considerationconsideration of basic design and other mechanical hazards (5.5(5.5););
— — Protectionprotection against non-mechanical hazard (5.6(5.6).).
5.2 Protection of mechanical hazards
5.2.1 Description of the safeguarding of access to moving parts
5.2.1.1 General
The major danger zones at press brakes are the tools, associated area and ancillary loading and unloading
devices which are an integral part of the machine. Preventive measures shall be taken to deal with the relevant
hazards.
Safeguarding measures described in ISO 12100:2010, 6.3 which are appropriate for the protection of any
operator at the tools are listed in 5.2.1below. Designers, manufacturers and suppliers shall select the
safeguarding measures which reduce the risks as far as possible, considering the significant hazards (see
Table A.1Table A.1)) and the mode of production.
The selected combination of safeguarding measures shall protect all exposed persons, i.e. those who can gain
access to the danger zone during operation, setting, maintenance, cleaning and inspection activities.
Access to the danger zone(s) shall be prevented by one or a combination of the following safeguarding
measures.
5.2.1.2 Guards
Guards shall complybe in accordance with ISO 14120:2015. They shall be firmly secured to the machine,
another rigid structure or the floor. Any openings in the guards or between the guard and the machine shall
meet the requirements of ISO 13857:2019, Table 4.
5.2.1.3 Interlocking guards with or without guard locking
Interlocking guards shall comply withconform to ISO 14120:2015 and prevent, in conjunction with fixed
guards, access to the danger zone, during any dangerous movement. Initiation of the dangerous movement
shall be prevented until the guard is closed. The associated interlocking devices shall be designed and
constructed in accordance with ISO 14119:20132024 and the safety-related parts of the control system shall
conform to Table 1Table 1 or Table 22.
Interlocking guards without guard locking shall be placed in such a position that the operator does not have
time to reach the danger zone before any dangerous movement has ceased (see, in accordance with ISO
FDIS 13855:2024).
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