ISO 4210-3:2023

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4210-3
Second edition
2023-01
Cycles — Safety requirements for
bicycles —
Part 3:
Common test methods
Cycles — Exigences de sécurité pour les bicyclettes —
Partie 3: Méthodes d'essai communes
Reference number
© ISO 2023
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Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Test methods . 1
4.1 Brake tests and strength tests . 1
4.1.1 Brake tests to which special requirements apply . 1
4.1.2 Strength tests to which special requirements apply . 1
4.1.3 Numbers and condition of specimens for the strength tests. 1
4.1.4 Maximum permissible error tolerances of test conditions for brake tests
and strength tests . 2
4.2 Front mudguard test methods. 2
4.2.1 Front mudguard with stays test methods . 2
4.2.2 Front mudguard without stays test method . 4
4.2.3 Front mudguard — Wheel blocking verification test . 4
4.3 Road test on a fully assembled bicycle test methods . 5
4.4 Durability test of marking . 5
4.5 Fatigue test. 6
4.6 Fatigue test for composite components . 6
4.7 Impact test . 6
4.8 Plastic material test ambient temperature . 6
Annex A (informative) Structural integrity of the fully assembled bicycle .7
Annex B (informative) Verification of free-fall velocity . 9
Annex C (informative) Steering flutter .10
Bibliography .12
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 149, Cycles, Subcommittee SC 1, Cycles
and major sub-assemblies, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN)
Technical Committee CEN/TC 333, Cycles, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation
between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4210-3:2014), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— improvement of 4.2.1;
— improvement of 4.3;
— improvement of A.2;
— addition of Annex C.
A list of all parts in the ISO 4210 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
This document was developed in response to a demand throughout the world. The aim is to ensure that
bicycles manufactured in conformity with this document will be as safe as is practically possible. The
tests are designed to ensure the strength and durability of individual parts as well as of the bicycle as
a whole, demanding high quality throughout and consideration of safety aspects from the design stage
onwards.
The scope is limited to safety considerations and has specifically avoided standardization of
components.
If the bicycle should be used on public roads, national regulations apply.
v
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4210-3:2023(E)
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles —
Part 3:
Common test methods
1 Scope
This document specifies the common test methods for ISO 4210-2.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4210-1, Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 1: Vocabulary
ISO 4210-2:2023, Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 2: Requirements for city and trekking,
young adult, mountain and racing bicycles
ISO 4210-4:2023, Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 4: Braking test methods
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4210-1 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Test methods
4.1 Brake tests and strength tests
4.1.1 Brake tests to which special requirements apply
Brake tests to which maximum permissible error requirements apply, as in 4.1.4, are those specified in
ISO 4210-2:2023, 4.6.3 to 4.6.6 and ISO 4210-4:2023, 4.2 and 4.6.3.3.
4.1.2 Strength tests to which special requirements apply
Strength tests to which maximum permissible error requirements apply, as in 4.1.4, are those involving
static, impact, or fatigue loading as specified in ISO 4210-2:2023, 4.7 to 4.12, and ISO 4210-2:2023,
4.13.2, 4.15 and 4.19.2.
4.1.3 Numbers and condition of specimens for the strength tests
In general, for static, impact, and fatigue tests, each test shall be conducted on a new test sample, but if
only one sample is available, it is permissible to conduct all of these tests on the same sample with the
sequence of testing being fatigue, static, and impact.
When more than one test is conducted on the same sample, the test sequence shall be clearly recorded
in the test report or record of testing. It should be noted that if more than one test is conducted on the
same sample, earlier tests can influence the results of subsequent tests. Also, if a sample fails when it
has been subjected to more than one test, a direct comparison with single testing is not possible.
In all strength tests, specimens shall be in the fully finished condition.
4.1.4 Maximum permissible error tolerances of test conditions for brake tests and strength
tests
Unless stated otherwise, maximum permissible error tolerances based on the nominal values shall be
as follows:
— Forces and torques: 0/+5 %
— Masses: ±1 %
— Dimensions: ±1 mm
— Angles: ±1°
— Time duration: ±5 s
— Temperatures: ±2 °C
— Pressures: ±5 %
4.2 Front mudguard test methods
4.2.1 Front mudguard with stays test methods
4.2.1.1 Test method — Minimal tangential strength
Insert a 12 mm-diameter steel rod between the spokes, in contact with the rim and below the front
mudguard stays. Rotate the wheel to apply a tangentially upward force of 160 N against the front
mudguard stays; maintain this force for 1 min, as shown in Figure 1.
Remove the rod and verify the assembly as described in ISO 4210-2:2023, 4.11.
Key
F tangentially upward force, 160 N
Figure 1 — Front mudguard — Tangential obstruction test
4.2.1.2 Test method — Mudguard stays impact test
Mount a 12 mm diameter steel rod at one end of a lever arm which is able to rotate freely around the
wheel axis, as shown in Figure 2, so that when placed between the spokes, the rod makes contact with
the rim. Ensure that the steel rod is long enough to come in contact with both left and right mudguard
stay(s).
Ensure that the assembly of steel rod and lever arm is balanced around the wheel axle, so that it is in
equilibrium before the mass is applied.
Measure the distance, L , between the rod axis and wheel axis. The release height, h, is the vertical
distance from the upper surface of the steel rod to the point where the steel rod hits the mudguard
stays.
At the other end of the lever arm arrange for a weight with a mass, m, to be attached at distance, L ,
from the wheel axis, such that the impact has an energy, E of 36,8 J (e.g. m = 10 kg, L = 1,5 × L , and
2 1
h = 250 mm).
If different dimensions are required, the impact energy can be determined using Formula (1), where h
has a minimum value of 100 mm:
L
E=×98, 1 ××mh (1)
L
Accelerate the rod, together with the wheel, by releasing the mass so that the rod impacts the mudguard
stays.
Remove the rod and verify the assembly as described in ISO 4210-2:2023, 4.11.
Key
h height
L distance between the rod axis and wheel axis
L (L = 1,5 × L )
2 2 1
m mass of the weight
Figure 2 — Front mudguard — Mudguard stays impact test
4.2.2 Front mudguard without stays test method
Press the front mudguard at a distance of 20 mm from its free end with a 20 mm diameter, flat-ended
tool radially towards the tyre with a force of 80 N as shown in Figure 3.
While the force is maintained, verify the assembly as described in ISO 4210-2:2023, 4.11.
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