IEC 61249-2-46:2018
(Main)Materials for printed boards and other interconnecting structures - Part 2-46: Reinforced base materials clad and unclad - Non-halogenated epoxide non-woven/woven E-glass reinforced laminate sheets of thermal conductivity 1,5 W/(m•K) and defined flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad for lead-free assembly
Materials for printed boards and other interconnecting structures - Part 2-46: Reinforced base materials clad and unclad - Non-halogenated epoxide non-woven/woven E-glass reinforced laminate sheets of thermal conductivity 1,5 W/(m•K) and defined flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad for lead-free assembly
IEC 61249-2-46:2018 gives requirements for properties of non-halogenated epoxide non‑woven reinforced core/woven E-glass reinforced surface laminate sheets of thermal conductivity and defined flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad for lead-free assembly in thicknesses of 0,60 mm up to 1,70 mm. The flammability rating is achieved through the use of non-halogenated fire retardants reacted as part of the epoxide polymeric structure. The glass transition temperature is defined to be 105 °C minimum. Thermal Conductivity is defined to be (1,5 ± 0,2) W/(m•K).
Matériaux pour circuits imprimés et autres structures d'interconnexion - Partie 2-46: Matériaux de base renforcés, plaqués et non plaqués - Feuilles stratifiées renforcées en verre de type E tissé/non tissé époxyde non halogéné, de conductivité thermique 1,5 W/(m•K) et d'inflammabilité définie (essai de combustion verticale), plaquées cuivre pour les assemblages sans plomb
L'IEC 61249-2-46:2018 fournit des exigences concernant les propriétés des feuilles stratifiées de surface renforcée en verre de type E tissé et à cœur renforcé non tissé époxyde non halogéné, de conductivité thermique et d'inflammabilité définie (essai de combustion verticale), plaquées cuivre pour les assemblages sans plomb, d'épaisseurs comprises entre 0,60 mm et 1,70 mm. Les caractéristiques d'inflammabilité sont obtenues en faisant réagir des ignifuges non halogénés qui font partie de la structure polymère époxyde. La température de transition vitreuse. La température de transition vitreuse est définie comme étant d'au moins 105 °C. La conductivité thermique est définie comme étant de (1,5 ± 0,2) W/(m•K).
General Information
Overview
IEC 61249-2-46:2018 specifies requirements for non-halogenated epoxide non‑woven/woven E‑glass reinforced laminate sheets used in printed boards and other interconnecting structures. The standard covers copper-clad laminate sheets for lead‑free assembly with a defined thermal conductivity of 1.5 W/(m·K) ± 0.2 and a minimum glass transition temperature (Tg) of 105 °C. Applicable laminate thicknesses are 0.60 mm to 1.70 mm. Flammability performance is achieved using non‑halogenated fire retardants chemically reacted into the epoxy matrix and is evaluated by the vertical burning test.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Material construction: Non‑woven core with woven E‑glass surface reinforcements; copper foil cladding suitable for lead‑free processes.
- Thermal performance: Thermal conductivity defined as (1.5 ± 0.2) W/(m·K) (see thermal conductivity table).
- Thermal stability: Minimum Tg = 105 °C; cure factor and decomposition temperature criteria included.
- Flammability: Vertical burning test requirements for defined flame resistance using non‑halogenated retardants.
- Mechanical and dimensional properties: Flexural strength, punching/machining behaviour, bow and twist, thickness tolerances, and dimensional stability.
- Electrical properties: Specified dielectric and conductive performance values for copper‑clad laminates.
- Durability and reliability: Water absorption, measling, time to delamination (TMA), pull‑off and peel strength of copper bond.
- Compliance and quality: Requirements for qualification inspection, quality conformance inspection, certificates of conformance, safety data sheets, packaging and marking, plus ordering information.
(These topics are mapped from the standard’s clauses and tables addressing electrical, non‑electrical, thermal and quality requirements.)
Applications and who uses this standard
IEC 61249-2-46 is intended for manufacturers and users of PCB base materials where:
- High thermal conductivity and lead‑free assembly compatibility are required (e.g., power electronics, LED modules, automotive electronics, telecom and industrial boards).
- Non‑halogenated flammability performance is a regulatory or customer requirement.
- PCB material selection, procurement and specification teams, PCB fabricators, design engineers, and quality/compliance professionals use this standard to verify material conformity and enable reliable manufacturing for high‑temperature lead‑free processes.
Related standards
- Other parts of the IEC 61249 series (Materials for printed boards and other interconnecting structures) provide complementary material specifications and test methods.
- Consult IEC publications and national adoption notes for updates, corrigenda and related normative references referenced in IEC 61249-2-46.
Keywords: IEC 61249-2-46, non-halogenated epoxide, E‑glass reinforced laminate, thermal conductivity 1.5 W/(m·K), copper‑clad, lead‑free assembly, Tg 105 °C, vertical burning test, PCB materials.
Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 61249-2-46 ®
Edition 1.0 2018-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Materials for printed boards and other interconnecting structures –
Part 2-46: Reinforced base materials clad and unclad – Non-halogenated
epoxide non-woven/woven E-glass reinforced laminate sheets of thermal
conductivity 1,5 W/(m•K) and defined flammability (vertical burning test),
copper-clad for lead-free assembly
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
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About the IEC
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IEC 61249-2-46 ®
Edition 1.0 2018-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Materials for printed boards and other interconnecting structures –
Part 2-46: Reinforced base materials clad and unclad – Non-halogenated
epoxide non-woven/woven E-glass reinforced laminate sheets of thermal
conductivity 1,5 W/(m•K) and defined flammability (vertical burning test),
copper-clad for lead-free assembly
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 31.180 ISBN 978-2-8322-5196-6
– 2 – IEC 61249-2-46:2018 © IEC 2018
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions. 6
4 Materials and construction . 7
4.1 General . 7
4.2 Resin system . 7
4.3 Metal foil . 7
4.4 Reinforcement . 7
5 Electrical properties . 7
6 Non-electrical properties of the copper-clad laminate . 8
6.1 Appearance of the copper-clad sheet. 8
6.1.1 General . 8
6.1.2 Indentations (pits and dents) . 8
6.1.3 Wrinkles . 8
6.1.4 Scratches . 8
6.1.5 Raised areas . 9
6.2 Appearance of the unclad face . 9
6.3 Laminate thickness . 9
6.4 Bow and twist . 9
6.5 Properties related to the copper foil bond . 10
6.6 Punching and machining . 11
6.7 Dimensional stability. 11
6.8 Sheet sizes . 11
6.8.1 Typical sheet sizes . 11
6.8.2 Tolerances for sheet sizes . 11
6.9 Cut panels. 12
6.9.1 Cut panel sizes . 12
6.9.2 Size tolerances for cut panels . 12
6.9.3 Rectangularity of cut panels . 12
6.10 Thermal conductivity . 12
7 Non-electrical properties of the base material after complete removal of the copper
foil . 13
7.1 Appearance of the dielectric base material . 13
7.2 Flexural strength . 13
7.3 Flammability . 13
7.4 Water absorption . 14
7.5 Measling . 14
7.6 Glass transition temperature and cure factor . 14
7.7 Decomposition temperature . 15
7.8 Time to delamination (TMA) . 15
7.9 Halogen content . 15
8 Quality assurance . 15
8.1 Quality system . 15
8.2 Responsibility for inspection . 16
8.3 Qualification inspection . 16
8.4 Quality conformance inspection . 16
8.5 Certificate of conformance . 16
8.6 Safety data sheet . 16
9 Packaging and marking . 16
10 Ordering information . 17
Annex A (informative) Engineering information . 18
A.1 General . 18
A.2 Chemical properties . 18
A.3 Electrical properties . 18
A.4 Flammability properties . 18
A.5 Mechanical properties . 18
A.6 Physical properties . 18
A.7 Thermal properties . 19
Annex B (informative) Common laminate constructions . 20
Annex C (informative) Guideline for qualification and conformance inspection . 21
Bibliography . 22
Table 1 – Electrical properties . 7
Table 2 – Size of indentations . 8
Table 3 – Nominal thickness and tolerance of metal-clad laminate . 9
Table 4 – Bow and twist requirements . 10
Table 5 – Pull-off and peel strength requirements . 10
Table 6 – Dimensional stability . 11
Table 7 – Size tolerances for cut panels . 12
Table 8 – Rectangularity of cut panels . 12
Table 9 – Thermal conductivity . 12
Table 10 – Flexural strength requirements . 13
Table 11 – Flammability requirements . 14
Table 12 – Water absorption requirements . 14
Table 13 – Measling requirements . 14
Table 14 – Glass transition temperature and cure factor requirements . 15
Table 15 – Decomposition temperature requirements . 15
Table 16 – Time to delamination requirements. 15
Table 17 – Halogen content . 15
Table C.1 – Qualification and conformance inspection . 21
– 4 – IEC 61249-2-46:2018 © IEC 2018
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
MATERIALS FOR PRINTED BOARDS AND OTHER
INTERCONNECTING STRUCTURES –
Part 2-46: Reinforced base materials clad and unclad – Non-halogenated
epoxide non-woven/woven E-glass reinforced laminate sheets of
thermal conductivity 1,5 W/(m•K) and defined flammability
(vertical burning test), copper-clad for lead-free assembly
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61249-2-46 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 91:
Electronics assembly technology.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
91/1448/CDV 91/1484/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts of the IEC 61249 series, under the general title Materials for printed boards
and other interconnecting structures, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.
– 6 – IEC 61249-2-46:2018 © IEC 2018
MATERIALS FOR PRINTED BOARDS AND OTHER
INTERCONNECTING STRUCTURES –
Part 2-46: Reinforced base materials clad and unclad – Non-halogenated
epoxide non-woven/woven E-glass reinforced laminate sheets of
thermal conductivity 1,5 W/(m•K) and defined flammability
(vertical burning test), copper-clad for lead-free assembly
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61249 gives requirements for properties of non-halogenated epoxide
non-woven reinforced core/woven E-glass reinforced surface laminate sheets of thermal
conductivity and defined flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad for lead-free assembly
in thicknesses of 0,60 mm up to 1,70 mm. The flammability rating is achieved through the use
of non-halogenated fire retardants reacted as part of the epoxide polymeric structure. The
glass transition temperature is defined to be 105 °C minimum. Thermal Conductivity is defined
to be (1,5 ± 0,2) W/(m•K).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited
applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 61189-2:2006, Test methods for electrical materials, printed boards and other
interconnection structures and assemblies – Part 2: Test methods for materials for
interconnection structures
IEC 61249-5-1, Materials for interconnection structures – Part 5: Sectional specification set for
conductive foils and films with and without coatings – Section 1: Copper foils (for the
manufacture of copper-clad base materials)
IEC/PAS 61249-6-3, Specification for finished fabric woven from "E" glass for printed boards
ISO 11014, Safety data sheet for chemical products – Content and order of sections
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
4 Materials and construction
4.1 General
The sheet consists of an insulating base with metal foil bonded to one side or both.
4.2 Resin system
Non-halogenated epoxide, filled, resulting in a laminate with a glass transition temperature of
105 °C minimum.
Contrast agents may be added to enhance processing such as automated optical inspection
(AOI).
Its flame resistance is defined in terms of the flammability requirements of 7.3.
4.3 Metal foil
Copper as specified in IEC 61249-5-1, copper foil (for the manufacture of copper-clad
materials). The preferred foils are electrodeposited of defined ductility.
4.4 Reinforcement
Woven E-glass as specified in IEC/PAS 61249-6-3, woven E-glass fabric (for the manufacture
of prepreg and copper-clad material) as the surface sheet on each side of a core reinforcement
comprised of non-woven E-glass mat.
5 Electrical properties
The electrical property requirements are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 – Electrical properties
Test method
Property Requirements
IEC 61189-2
Surface resistance after damp heat 2E04 ≥5 000 MΩ
while in the humidity chamber
Surface resistance after damp heat 2E04 ≥40 000 MΩ
and recovery (optional)
Volume resistivity after damp heat 2E04 ≥5 000 MΩm
while in the humidity chamber
Volume resistivity after damp heat and 2E04
≥10 000 MΩm
recovery (optional)
Relative permittivity after damp heat 2E10
≤6,1
and recovery (1 MHz)
Dissipation factor after damp heat and 2E10
≤0,040
recovery (1 MHz)
Arc resistance 2E14
≥60 s
Dielectric breakdown 2E15 ≥40 kV
Surface resistance at 125 °C 2E04 ≥1 000 MΩ
Volume resistivity at 125 °C 2E04
≥1 00 MΩm
– 8 – IEC 61249-2-46:2018 © IEC 2018
6 Non-electrical properties of the copper-clad laminate
6.1 Appe
...
IEC 61249-2-46 ®
Edition 1.0 2018-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Materials for printed boards and other interconnecting structures –
Part 2-46: Reinforced base materials clad and unclad – Non-halogenated epoxide
non-woven/woven E-glass reinforced laminate sheets of thermal conductivity
1,5 W/(m•K) and defined flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad for
lead-free assembly
Matériaux pour circuits imprimés et autres structures d'interconnexion –
Partie 2-46: Matériaux de base renforcés, plaqués et non plaqués – Feuilles
stratifiées renforcées en verre de type E tissé/non tissé époxyde non halogéné,
de conductivité thermique 1,5 W/(m•K) et d'inflammabilité définie (essai de
combustion verticale), plaquées cuivre pour les assemblages sans plomb
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
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International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
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IEC 61249-2-46 ®
Edition 1.0 2018-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Materials for printed boards and other interconnecting structures –
Part 2-46: Reinforced base materials clad and unclad – Non-halogenated epoxide
non-woven/woven E-glass reinforced laminate sheets of thermal conductivity
1,5 W/(m•K) and defined flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad for
lead-free assembly
Matériaux pour circuits imprimés et autres structures d'interconnexion –
Partie 2-46: Matériaux de base renforcés, plaqués et non plaqués – Feuilles
stratifiées renforcées en verre de type E tissé/non tissé époxyde non halogéné,
de conductivité thermique 1,5 W/(m•K) et d'inflammabilité définie (essai de
combustion verticale), plaquées cuivre pour les assemblages sans plomb
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 31.180 ISBN 978-2-8322-9096-5
– 2 – IEC 61249-2-46:2018 © IEC 2018
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Materials and construction . 6
4.1 General . 6
4.2 Resin system . 7
4.3 Metal foil . 7
4.4 Reinforcement . 7
5 Electrical properties . 7
6 Non-electrical properties of the copper-clad laminate . 7
6.1 Appearance of the copper-clad sheet . 7
6.1.1 General . 7
6.1.2 Indentations (pits and dents) . 8
6.1.3 Wrinkles . 8
6.1.4 Scratches . 8
6.1.5 Raised areas . 8
6.2 Appearance of the unclad face . 9
6.3 Laminate thickness . 9
6.4 Bow and twist . 9
6.5 Properties related to the copper foil bond . 10
6.6 Punching and machining . 11
6.7 Dimensional stability . 11
6.8 Sheet sizes . 11
6.8.1 Typical sheet sizes . 11
6.8.2 Tolerances for sheet sizes . 11
6.9 Cut panels . 12
6.9.1 Cut panel sizes . 12
6.9.2 Size tolerances for cut panels . 12
6.9.3 Rectangularity of cut panels . 12
6.10 Thermal conductivity . 12
7 Non-electrical properties of the base material after complete removal of the
copper foil . 13
7.1 Appearance of the dielectric base material . 13
7.2 Flexural strength . 13
7.3 Flammability . 13
7.4 Water absorption . 14
7.5 Measling . 14
7.6 Glass transition temperature and cure factor . 15
7.7 Decomposition temperature . 15
7.8 Time to delamination (TMA) . 15
7.9 Halogen content . 15
8 Quality assurance . 16
8.1 Quality system . 16
8.2 Responsibility for inspection . 16
8.3 Qualification inspection . 16
8.4 Quality conformance inspection . 16
8.5 Certificate of conformance . 16
8.6 Safety data sheet . 16
9 Packaging and marking . 16
10 Ordering information . 17
Annex A (informative) Engineering information . 18
A.1 General . 18
A.2 Chemical properties . 18
A.3 Electrical properties . 18
A.4 Flammability properties . 18
A.5 Mechanical properties . 18
A.6 Physical properties . 18
A.7 Thermal properties . 19
Annex B (informative) Common laminate constructions . 20
Annex C (informative) Guideline for qualification and conformance inspection . 21
Bibliography . 22
Table 1 – Electrical properties . 7
Table 2 – Size of indentations . 8
Table 3 – Nominal thickness and tolerance of metal-clad laminate . 9
Table 4 – Bow and twist requirements . 10
Table 5 – Pull-off and peel strength requirements . 10
Table 6 – Dimensional stability . 11
Table 7 – Size tolerances for cut panels . 12
Table 8 – Rectangularity of cut panels . 12
Table 9 – Thermal conductivity . 12
Table 10 – Flexural strength requirements . 13
Table 11 – Flammability requirements . 14
Table 12 – Water absorption requirements . 14
Table 13 – Measling requirements . 14
Table 14 – Glass transition temperature and cure factor requirements . 15
Table 15 – Decomposition temperature requirements. 15
Table 16 – Time to delamination requirements . 15
Table 17 – Halogen content . 15
Table C.1 – Qualification and conformance inspection . 21
– 4 – IEC 61249-2-46:2018 © IEC 2018
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
MATERIALS FOR PRINTED BOARDS AND OTHER
INTERCONNECTING STRUCTURES –
Part 2-46: Reinforced base materials clad and unclad – Non-halogenated
epoxide non-woven/woven E-glass reinforced laminate sheets of
thermal conductivity 1,5 W/(m•K) and defined flammability
(vertical burning test), copper-clad for lead-free assembly
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61249-2-46 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 91:
Electronics assembly technology.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
91/1448/CDV 91/1484/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts of the IEC 61249 series, under the general title Materials for printed boards
and other interconnecting structures, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
– 6 – IEC 61249-2-46:2018 © IEC 2018
MATERIALS FOR PRINTED BOARDS AND OTHER
INTERCONNECTING STRUCTURES –
Part 2-46: Reinforced base materials clad and unclad – Non-halogenated
epoxide non-woven/woven E-glass reinforced laminate sheets of
thermal conductivity 1,5 W/(m•K) and defined flammability
(vertical burning test), copper-clad for lead-free assembly
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61249 gives requirements for properties of non-halogenated epoxide
non-woven reinforced core/woven E-glass reinforced surface laminate sheets of thermal
conductivity and defined flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad for lead-free
assembly in thicknesses of 0,60 mm up to 1,70 mm. The flammability rating is achieved
through the use of non-halogenated fire retardants reacted as part of the epoxide polymeric
structure. The glass transition temperature is defined to be 105 °C minimum. Thermal
Conductivity is defined to be (1,5 ± 0,2) W/(m•K).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
IEC 61189-2:2006, Test methods for electrical materials, printed boards and other
interconnection structures and assemblies – Part 2: Test methods for materials for
interconnection structures
IEC 61249-5-1, Materials for interconnection structures – Part 5: Sectional specification set
for conductive foils and films with and without coatings – Section 1: Copper foils (for the
manufacture of copper-clad base materials)
IEC/PAS 61249-6-3, Specification for finished fabric woven from "E" glass for printed boards
ISO 11014, Safety data sheet for chemical products – Content and order of sections
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
4 Materials and construction
4.1 General
The sheet consists of an insulating base with metal foil bonded to one side or both.
4.2 Resin system
Non-halogenated epoxide, filled, resulting in a laminate with a glass transition temperature of
105 °C minimum.
Contrast agents may be added to enhance processing such as automated optical inspection
(AOI).
Its flame resistance is defined in terms of the flammability requirements of 7.3.
4.3 Metal foil
Copper as specified in IEC 61249-5-1, copper foil (for the manufacture of copper-clad
materials). The preferred foils are electrodeposited of defined ductility.
4.4 Reinforcement
Woven E-glass as specified in IEC/PAS 61249-6-3, woven E-glass fabric (for the manufacture
of prepreg and copper-clad material) as the surface sheet on each side of a core
reinforcement comprised of non-woven E-glass mat.
5 Electrical properties
The electrical property requirements are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 – Electrical properties
Test method
Property Requirements
IEC 61189-2
Surface resistance after damp heat 2E04
≥5 000 MΩ
while in the humidity chamber
Surface resistance after damp heat 2E04
≥40 000 MΩ
and recovery (optional)
Volume resistivity after damp heat 2E04 ≥5 000 MΩm
while in the humidity chamber
Volume resistivity after damp heat and 2E04 ≥10 000 MΩm
recovery (optional)
Relative permittivity after damp heat 2E10 ≤6,1
and recovery (1 MHz)
Dissipation factor after damp heat and 2E10 ≤0,040
recovery (1 MHz)
Arc resistance 2E14
≥60 s
Dielectric breakdown 2E15 ≥40 kV
Surface resistance at 125 °C 2E04 ≥1 000 MΩ
Volume resistivity at 125 °C 2E04
≥1 00 MΩm
6 Non-electrical properties of the copper-clad laminate
6.1 Appearance of the copper-clad sheet
6.1.1 General
The copper-clad face shall be substantially free from defects that can have an impact on the
material’s fitness for use for the intended purpose.
– 8 – IEC 61249-2-46:2018 © IEC 2018
For the defects given in 6.1.2 to 6.1.6, the requirements given shall apply when inspection is
made in accordance with IEC 61189-2, method 2M18.
6.1.2 Indentations (pits and dents)
The size of an indentation, usually the length, shall be determined and given a point value to
be used as a measure of the quality as indicated in Table 2.
Table 2 – Size of indentations
Size
Point value for each indentation
mm
0,13 to 0,25 1
0,26 to 0,50 2
0,51 to 0,75 4
0,76 to 1,00 7
Over 1,00 30
The total point count for any 300 mm × 300 mm area shall be calculated to determine the
class of the material.
• Class A 29 maximum
• Class B 17 maximum
• Class C 5 maximum
• Class D 0
• Class X To be agreed upon by user and supplier
The required class of material shall be specified in the purchase order. Class A applies unless
otherwise specified.
6.1.3 Wrinkles
There shall be no wrinkles in the copper surface.
The inspection area shall exclude a 13 mm border from the edge of the panel or sheet.
6.1.4 Scratches
Scratches deeper than 10 µm or 20 % of the nominal thickness of the foil thickness,
whichever is lower, are not permitted.
Scratches with a depth of less than 5 % of the nominal thickness of the foil shall not be
counted unless this depth is 10 µm or more.
Scratches with a depth of between 5 % and 20 % of the nominal thickness of the foil are
permitted to a total length of 100 mm for a 300 mm × 300 mm area.
The inspection area shall exclude a 13 mm border from the edge of the panel or sheet.
6.1.5 Raised areas
Raised areas are usually impressions in the press plates used during manufacture but may
also be caused by blisters or inclusions of foreign particles under the foil.
Raised areas caused by blisters or inclusions are not permitted.
Raised areas being impressions of defects in press plates are permitted to the following
extent:
– Class A and X material maximum height 15 µm and maximum length 15 mm;
– Class B and C material maximum height 8 µm and maximum length 15 mm;
– Class D material maximum height 5 µm and maximum length 15 mm.
6.2 Appearance of the unclad face
The unclad face of single side clad sheet shall have the natural appearance resulting from the
curing process. Small irregularities in colour are permitted. The gloss of the unclad face shall
be that given by the press plate, release film, or release foil used. Variations of gloss due to
the impact of the pressure of gases released during the curing are permitted.
6.3 Laminate thickness
If the copper-clad laminate is tested in accordance with test method 2D01 of IEC 61189-2, the
thickness shall not depart from the nominal thickness by more than the appropriate value
shown in Table 3. The fine tolerances shall apply unless the other tolerances are ordered.
Table 3 – Nominal thickness and tolerance of metal-clad laminate
Property Test method Nominal thickness Tolerance requirement
IEC 61189-2 including metal foil ± mm
mm
Coarse Fine Extra fine
Thickness 2D01 0,08 0,06 0,05
≥0,60 <0,80
0,17 0,10 0,08
≥0,80 <1,00
0,19 0,13 0,08
≥1,00 ≤1,70
The thickness and tolerances do not apply to the outer 25 mm of the trimmed master sheet or
the outer 13 mm of the cut-to-size panel as manufactured and delivered by the supplier. At no
point shall the thickness vary from the nominal by a value greater than 125 % of the specified
tolerance.
6.4 Bow and twist
When the copper-clad laminate is tested in accordance with test method 2M01 of IEC 61189-2,
the bow and twist shall not exceed the values given in Table 4.
– 10 – IEC 61249-2-46:2018 © IEC 2018
Table 4 – Bow and twist requirements
Property Test method Nominal Panel Requirements
thickness dimension
%
IEC 61189-2
mm longest side
Copper foil on Copper foil on
mm
one side both sides
Bow and twist 2M01 ≤350 ≤2,5 ≤2,0
≥0,6 ≤1,3 >350 ≤500 ≤2,3 ≤1,8
>500 ≤2,0 ≤1,5
≤350 ≤2,0 ≤1,5
>1,3 ≤1,7 >350 ≤500 ≤1,8 ≤1,3
>500 ≤1,5 ≤1,0
The requirements for bow and twist apply only to one sided copper-clad laminates with maximum foil thickness
of 105 µm (915 g/m ) and double sided copper-clad laminates with maximum foil thickness difference of 70 µm
(610 g/m ).
Requirements for laminates with copper foil configurations beyond these limits should be subject to agreement
between purchaser and supplier.
6.5 Properties related to the copper foil bond
Pull-off and peel strength requirements are shown in Table 5. These requirements apply to
copper foil with a normal profile depth.
Table 5 – Pull-off and peel strength requirements
Test method
Property Requirement
IEC 61189-2
Pull-off strength 2M05
≥25 N
Thickness of the copper foil
18 µm
≥35 µm ≥70 µm
2 2
(152 g/m )
(305 g/m ) (610 g/m )
Peel strength after heat 2M14 ≥0,8 N/mm ≥1,0 N/mm ≥1,2 N/mm
shock 288 °C, 20 s
No blistering or delamination
Peel strength after dry 2M15 Under consideration Under consideration Under consideration
heat 125 °C
No blistering or delamination
Peel strength after 2M06 ≥0,8 N/mm ≥1,0 N/mm ≥1,2 N/mm
exposure to solvent
vapour. Solvents as
agreed upon between
No blistering or delamination
purchaser and supplier
Peel strength after 2M16 Under consideration Under consideration Under consideration
simulated plating
No blistering or delamination
Peel strength at high 2M17
temperature
≥0,6 N/mm ≥0,7 N/mm ≥0,9 N/mm
Temperature 125 °C
(optional)
Blistering after 288 °C,
2C05 No blistering or delamination
20 s heat shock
In case of difficulty due to breakage of the foil or reading range of the force measuring device, the measurement
of peel strength at high temperature may be carried out using conductor widths of more than 3 mm.
6.6 Punching and machining
The laminate shall, in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, be capable of
being punched, sheared or drilled. Delamination at the edges due to the shearing process is
permissible, provided that the depth of delamination is not larger than the thickness of the
base material. Delamination at the edges of drilled holes due to the drilling process is not
permissible. Drilled holes shall be capable of being through-plated with no interference from
any exudations into the hole.
A suitable test method for evaluating punching is 2M19 of IEC 61189-2. Requirements for
punching force and pull-out force are matters for agreement between user and supplier.
6.7 Dimensional stability
When specimens are tested in accordance with IEC 61189-2, 2X02 the observed tolerance
shall be as specified in Table 6. The nominal dimensional stability value shall be as agreed
upon between user and vendor. The tolerance range around the agreed upon nominal range
shall be range B unless otherwise specified on the purchase order.
Table 6 – Dimensional stability
Test method Requirement
Property Class
IEC 61189-2 μm/m
Dimensional stability 2X02 A ±600
B ±400
C ±200
As agreed upon between
X
user and supplier
The choice of the glass fabrics and cellulose papers in the construction of the laminate has a
significant impact on dimensional stability. Examples of typical constructions used in printed
board applications can be found in Annex B. Annex B is not a construction requirement table
but is presented for engineering information only.
6.8 Sheet sizes
6.8.1 Typical sheet sizes
Sheet sizes are matters of agreement between purchaser and supplier. However, the
recommended sizes are listed below:
– 915 mm × 1 220 mm;
– 1 020 mm × 1 220 mm;
– 1 070 mm × 1 220 mm;
– 1 065 mm × 1 155 mm;
– 1 065 mm × 1 280 mm;
– 1 000 mm × 1 000 mm;
– 1 000 mm × 1 200 mm.
6.8.2 Tolerances for sheet sizes
+25
The size of the sheet delivered by the supplier shall not deviate by more than mm from
− 0
the ordered size.
– 12 – IEC 61249-2-46:2018 © IEC 2018
6.9 Cut panels
6.9.1 Cut panel sizes
Cut panel sizes shall be, when delivered, in accordance with the purchaser’s specification.
6.9.2 Size tolerances for cut panels
For panels cut to size according to the purchaser's specification, the tolerances for length and
width shall apply as shown in Table 7. Tolerances indicated as "normal" shall be in effect
unless otherwise specified in the purchasing specification.
Table 7 – Size tolerances for cut panels
Tolerance requirement
Panel size
± mm
mm
Normal Close
≤300 2,0 0,5
>300 ≤600 2,0 0,8
2,0 1,6
>600
NOTE The specified tolerances include all deviations caused by cutting the panels.
6.9.3 Rectangularity of cut panels
For panels cut to size according to the purchaser’s specification, the requirements for
rectangularity shall apply as shown in Table 8. Tolerance indicated as "normal" shall be in
effect unless otherwise specified in the purchasing specification.
Table 8 – Rectangularity of cut panels
Requirement
Test method
mm/m
Property
IEC 61189-2
Normal Close
Rectangularity of cut panels 2M23 ≤3 ≤2
6.10 Thermal conductivity
The thermal conductivity shall meet the requirement in Table 9.
Table 9 – Thermal conductivity
Property Test method Nominal Value Tolerance
W/(m•K) W/(m•K)
a
Thermal conductivity 2XXX 1,5 ±0,20
a
Under consideration (steady-state heat flow method).
7 Non-electrical properties of the base material after complete removal
of the copper foil
7.1 Appearance of the dielectric base material
The etched specimens shall be inspected to verify that no surface or subsurface imperfections
of the dielectric material exceed those shown below. The panels shall be inspected using an
optical aid apparatus which provides a minimum magnification of 4×.
Referee inspection shall be conducted at 10× magnification. Lighting conditions of inspection
shall be appropriate to the material under inspection or as agreed upon between user and
supplier.
Surface and subsurface imperfections (such as weave texture, resin starvation, voids, foreign
inclusions) shall be acceptable provided that the imperfections meet the following:
• the reinforcement fibres are not cut or exposed;
• the foreign inclusions are not conductive;
• metallic inclusions are not acceptable;
• the imperfections do not propagate as a result of thermal stress;
• the foreign inclusions are translucent;
• opaque foreign fibres are less than 15 mm in length and average no more than 1,0 per
300 mm × 300 mm area;
• opaque foreign inclusions other than fibres shall not exceed 0,50 mm. Opaque foreign
inclusions less than 0,15 mm shall not be counted. Opaque foreign inclusions between
0,50 mm and 0,15 mm shall average no more than two spots per 300 mm × 300 mm area;
• voids (sealed voids or surface void) have a longest dimension less than 0,075 mm and
there shall not be more than three voids in a 3,5-mm diameter circle.
7.2 Flexural strength
When the laminate is tested in accordance with test method 2M20 of IEC 61189-2, the flexural
strength shall be as shown in Table 10.
Table 10 – Flexural strength requirements
Test method
Property Requirements
IEC 61189-2
Flexural strength 2M20
Length direction
≥250 N/mm
Cross direction
≥150 N/mm
(applicable to sheets ≥0,80 mm –
1,70 mm in thickness)
Flexural strength at elevated
temperature
Length direction Not specified
(applicable to sheets ≥0,80 mm –
1,70 mm in thickness)
7.3 Flammability
When the laminate is tested in accordance with test method 2C06 of IEC 61189-2, the
flammability shall be as shown in Table 11.
– 14 – IEC 61249-2-46:2018 © IEC 2018
The performance labelled FV-0 shall be in effect unless otherwise noted on the purchase
order.
Table 11 – Flammability requirements
Requirements
Test method
Property Designation
IEC 61189-2
FV0 FV1
Flammability: 2C06
Flaming combustion time after each application of
≤10 s ≤30 s
the flame for each test specimen
Total flaming combustion time for the 10 flame
≤50 s ≤250 s
applications for each set of five specimens
Glowing combustion time after the second removal
≤30 s ≤60 s
of the test flame
Flaming or glowing combustion up to the holding
None None
clamp
Dripping flaming particles that ignite the tissue
None None
paper
7.4 Water absorption
When the laminate is tested in accordance with test method 2N02 of IEC 61189-2, the
maximum water absorption shall be as shown in Table 12.
Table 12 – Water absorption requirements
Test method Thickness Requirements
Property
IEC 61189-2 mm %
2N02 ≥0,60 <1,20 ≤0,50
Water absorption
≥1,20 <1,60 ≤0,40
≥1,60 ≤1,70 ≤0,25
7.5 Measling
When the laminate is tested in accordance with test method 2N01 of IEC 61189-2, the measle
requirements shall be as shown in Table 13.
Table 13 – Measling requirements
Test method
Property Requirements
IEC 61189-2
a
Measling 2N01 No measling on three specimens. If one out
of three specimens fails, the test has to be
repeated.
No measling on three specimens of the
second test is permitted.
No blistering or delamination on any of the
three specimens is permitted.
a
The following test conditions shall be demanded: the dwell time at 2 atmospheres in pressure vessel is 90 min
and the condition of the heat shock after cooking is 288 °C, 20 s.
7.6 Glass transition temperature and cure factor
The requirements for glass transition temperature and cure factor are found in Table 14.
Table 14 – Glass transition temperature and cure factor requirements
Test method
Property Requirements
IEC 61189-2
Glass transition temperature 2M10 or 2M11
≥105 °C
Cure factor 2M03
≥0,95
7.7 Decomposition temperature
The requirements for decomposition temperature are found in Table 15.
Table 15 – Decomposition temperature requirements
Test method
Property Requirements
IEC 61189-2
a
Decomposition temperature 2MXX ≥310 °C
(5 % weight loss from 50 °C)
a
Under consideration.
7.8 Time to delamination (TMA)
The requirements for time to delamination are found in Table 16. The specimen shall not have
copper foil on any layer.
Table 16 – Time to delamination requirements
Property Test method Requirements
IEC 61189-2
Time to delamination T260 (at 260 °C) 2M25
≥30 min
T288 (at 288 °C) ≥5 min
7.9 Halogen content
The requirements for halogen content are found in Table 17.
Table 17 – Halogen content
Property Test method Requirements
IEC 61189-2
Halogen Content 2C12
Chlorine ≤0,09%
Bromine ≤0,09%
Chlorine+ Bromine ≤0,15%
– 16 – IEC 61249-2-46:2018 © IEC 2018
8 Quality assurance
8.1 Quality system
The supplier shall operate a quality system, ISO 9000 or similar, to support quality
conformance inspection.
The supplier shall operate a management system for environmental control, ISO 14001 or
similar, to support environmental considerations.
8.2 Responsibility for inspection
The supplier is responsible for all the inspections of the manufactured material. The
purchaser or an appointed third party may audit this inspection.
8.3 Qualification inspection
Laminates furnished under this document shall be qualified. Qualification testing shall be
performed to demonstrate the manufacturer’s ability to meet the requirements of this
specification sheet. Qualification testing shall be conducted at a laboratory in compliance with
IEC laboratory requirements. A list of the normal qualification tests can be found in Annex C.
The manufacturer shall retain on file the data that supports that the materials meet this
document and shall be readily available for review upon request.
8.4 Quality conformance inspection
The supplier shall operate a quality plan to assure product conformance to this document.
Such a quality plan, when appropriate, should use statistical methods rather than lot-by-lot
inspection. It is the responsibility of the supplier based on the quality plan to determine the
frequency of test to assure conforming products. In the absence of a quality plan or
supporting data, the testing regime shall be as outlined in Annex C.
A combination of the following techniques may be used to show compliance with the
requirements that can be used to reduce the frequency of testing. The data supporting the
reduction of testing frequency shall be available for review upon request:
• in-process parameter control;
• in-process inspection;
• periodic final inspection;
• final lot inspection.
8.5 Certificate of conformance
The supplier shall, on request from the purchaser, issue a certificate of conformance to this
document in electronic or paper format.
8.6 Safety data sheet
A safety data sheet in accordance with ISO 11014 shall be available for products
manufactured and delivered in compliance with this document.
9 Packaging and marking
If not otherwise specified in the purchase order, laminate sheets shall be marked with the
manufacturer's designation and lot number. Marking shall remain legible during normal
handling but be readily removable prior to use of the material.
Cut-to-size panels shall be identified by marking on the package.
Laminates comprised of asymmetric copper configurations shall be marked on the side of the
heaviest copper weight.
Sheets and panels shall be packaged in moisture protective bags and in a manner that will
provide adequate protection against corrosion, deterioration and physical damage during
shipment and storage.
Packages shall be marked in a manner to clearly identify the content.
10 Ordering information
Orders shall include the following details:
a) reference to this document;
b) type of material (see Clause 1 and 7.3);
c) size, thickness and copper cladding;
d) class of indentations (see 6.1.2);
e) class of raised areas (see 6.1.5);
f) class of thickness tolerance (see 6.3);
g) class of dimensional stability (see 6.7);
h) class of panel size tolerance (see 6.9.2);
i) class of flammability (see 7.3); and
j) request for certification, if applicable (see 8.5).
– 18 – IEC 61249-2-46:2018 © IEC 2018
An
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Frequently Asked Questions
IEC 61249-2-46:2018 is a standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Its full title is "Materials for printed boards and other interconnecting structures - Part 2-46: Reinforced base materials clad and unclad - Non-halogenated epoxide non-woven/woven E-glass reinforced laminate sheets of thermal conductivity 1,5 W/(m•K) and defined flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad for lead-free assembly". This standard covers: IEC 61249-2-46:2018 gives requirements for properties of non-halogenated epoxide non‑woven reinforced core/woven E-glass reinforced surface laminate sheets of thermal conductivity and defined flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad for lead-free assembly in thicknesses of 0,60 mm up to 1,70 mm. The flammability rating is achieved through the use of non-halogenated fire retardants reacted as part of the epoxide polymeric structure. The glass transition temperature is defined to be 105 °C minimum. Thermal Conductivity is defined to be (1,5 ± 0,2) W/(m•K).
IEC 61249-2-46:2018 gives requirements for properties of non-halogenated epoxide non‑woven reinforced core/woven E-glass reinforced surface laminate sheets of thermal conductivity and defined flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad for lead-free assembly in thicknesses of 0,60 mm up to 1,70 mm. The flammability rating is achieved through the use of non-halogenated fire retardants reacted as part of the epoxide polymeric structure. The glass transition temperature is defined to be 105 °C minimum. Thermal Conductivity is defined to be (1,5 ± 0,2) W/(m•K).
IEC 61249-2-46:2018 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 31.180 - Printed circuits and boards. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
You can purchase IEC 61249-2-46:2018 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of IEC standards.










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