IEC 62899-201:2016/AMD1:2018

IEC 62899-201 ®
Edition 1.0 2018-11
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
AMENDMENT 1
Printed electronics –
Part 201: Materials – Substrates

IEC 62899-201:2016-02/AMD1:2018-11(en)

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IEC 62899-201 ®
Edition 1.0 2018-11
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
AMENDMENT 1
Printed electronics –
Part 201: Materials – Substrates

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 29.035.01; 31.180 ISBN 978-2-8322-6179-8

– 2 – IEC 62899-201:2016/AMD1:2018
 IEC 2018
FOREWORD
This amendment has been prepared by IEC technical committee TC119: Printed Electronics.
The text of this amendment is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
119/189/CDV 119/206A/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this amendment can be found in the report
on voting indicated in the above table.
The committee has decided that the contents of this amendment and the base publication will
remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

_____________
2 Normative references
Add the following new normative references:
IEC 62321-3-1, Determination of certain substances in electrotechnical products – Part 3-1:
Screening – Lead, mercury, cadmium, total chromium and total bromine using X-ray
fluorescence spectrometry
IEC 62899-202-5, Printed electronics – Part 202-5: Materials – Conductive ink – Mechanical
bending test of a printed conductive layer on an insulating substrate
ISO 187, Paper, board and pulps – Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and
procedure for monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samples
ISO 216, Writing paper and certain classes of printed matter – Trimmed sizes – A and B
series, and indication of machine direction
ISO 217, Paper – Untrimmed sizes – Designation and tolerances for primary and
supplementary ranges, and indication of machine direction
ISO 534, Paper and board – Determination of thickness, density and specific volume
ISO 535, Paper and board – Determination of water absorptiveness – Cobb method

 IEC 2018
ISO 536, Paper and board – Determination of grammage
ISO 1924-2, Paper and board – Determination of tensile properties – Part 2: Constant rate of
elongation method (20 mm/min)
ISO 1924-3, Paper and board – Determination of tensile properties – Part 3: Constant rate of
elongation method (100 mm/min)
ISO 1974, Paper – Determination of tearing resistance – Elmendorf method
ISO 2471, Paper and board – Determination of opacity (paper backing) – Diffuse reflectance
method
ISO 2493-1, Paper and board – Determination of bending resistance – Part 1: Constant rate
of deflection
ISO 2493-2, Paper and board – Determination of bending resistance – Part 2: Taber-type
tester
ISO 2758, Paper – Determination of bursting strength
ISO 2759, Board – Determination of bursting strength
ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use – Specification and test methods
ISO 3781, Paper and board – Determination of tensile strength after immersion in water
ISO 3783, Paper and board – Determination of resistance to picking – Accelerated speed
method using the IGT-type tester (electric model)
ISO 5626, Paper – Determination of folding endurance
ISO 5635, Paper – Measurement of dimensional change after immersion in water
ISO 6588-1, Paper, board and pulps – Determination of pH of aqueous extracts – Part 1: Cold
extraction
ISO 6588-2, Paper, board and pulps – Determination of pH of aqueous extracts – Part 2: Hot
extraction
ISO 8791-2, Paper and board – Determination of roughness/smoothness (air leak methods) –
Part 2: Bendtsen method
ISO 8791-4, Paper and board – Determination of roughness/smoothness (air leak methods) –
Part 4: Print-surf method
ISO 9220:1988, Metallic coatings – Measurement of coating thickness – Scanning electron
micro-scope method
ISO 11556, Paper and board – Determination of curl using a single vertically suspended test
piece
ISO 11798, Information and documentation – Permanence and durability of writing, printing
and copying on paper – Requirements and test methods

– 4 – IEC 62899-201:2016/AMD1:2018
 IEC 2018
ISO 12192, Paper and board – Determination of compressive strength – Ring crush method
ISO 15359, Paper and board – Determination of the static and kinetic coefficients of friction –
Horizontal plane method
ISO 15754, Paper and board – Determination of z-directional tensile strength

3 Terms and definitions
Add, after 3.18, the following new terms and definitions:
3.19
paper
material without conductivity in the form of a coherent sheet or web, excluding sheets or laps
of pulp as commonly understood for paper-making or paper-dissolving purposes and non-
woven products, made by deposition of vegetable, mineral, animal or synthetic fibres, or their
mixtures, from a fluid suspension onto a suitable forming device, with or without the addition
of other substances
Note 1 to entry: There are also a number of synthetic products with paper-like qualities that are applicable as
substrates for printed electronics. For the purposes of this document these can be treated as paper for testing as
substrates.
[SOURCE: ISO 21067-1:2016, A.1.1, modified – “without conductivity“ and NOTE have been
added.]
3.20
board
paper (3.19) of a relatively high rigidity
Note 1 to entry: The term “paper” may be used for both paper and board. Materials of grammage less than
2 2
225 g/m are generally considered to be paper, and materials of grammage of 225 g/m or more to be board.
[SOURCE: ISO 5127:2017, 3.3.5.2.02]
3.21
pinhole
small hole in a printed feature that is a result of a surface inhomogeneity on the substrate
Note 1 to entry: This can be a consequence of a number of causes, and potential examples are listed below:
• a small hole in the surface of the substrate;
• a hole large enough to permit the transfer of an applied functional ink;
• a local variation in the wetting properties of the surface that results in uneven wetting of an applied functional
ink.
4.2 Structures of substrates
Add, at the end of the subclause, the following new text:
For paper substrates, all paper and paper board substrates may be used. For example,
uncoated or coated one-layer paper, as well as similarly uncoated or coated multilayer
paperboards can be used, and laminated papers/boards, polymer coating papers/boards, and
papers/boards coating with extrusion/dispersion can also be used.

 IEC 2018
4.3.3.3 Other materials
Replace the existing title and text with the following new title and text:
4.3.3.3 Paper substrate
When paper substrate is used as a sheet, the dimensions of the sheets shall be as specified
in ISO 216. Designation and tolerances for primary and supplementary ranges, and indication
of machine direction shall be as specified in ISO 217.
When paper substrate is supplied by a roll, the standard widths of the roll shall be according
to ISO 217. Winding length on a roll shall be as agreed between user and supplier.
4.3.4.3 Other materials
Replace the existing title and text with the following new title and text:
4.3.4.3 Paper substrate
The thickness of substrates is not limited. It shall be as agreed between user and supplier.
The method for measuring thickness shall be according to ISO 534.
Determination of grammage shall be according to ISO 536.

5.1 Sampling
Replace the existing text with the following new text:
In case paper substrates are used, the test methods in this document may be applied to the
evaluation of a single sheet or to the set of sheets. When the test methods are applied to the
set of sheets, the sheet shall be sampled randomly with no replacement. In cases where the
results of the tests are reported for a set of sheets, the total number of sheets in the set to be
tested and the number of sheets measured shall be reported.
5.3 Atmospheric conditions for evaluation test
Add, at the end of 5.3, the following new text:
The paper and paper board substrates shall be tested under standard atmospheric conditions,
at a temperature of 23 °C ± 1 °C and a relative humidity of (50 ± 2) %.
NOTE These are the standard atmospheric conditions as specified by ISO 187.
5.4.3 Other materials
Replace the existing text with the following new text:
Paper and paper board substrates need conditioning. Unless otherwise specified, the test
specimens to be evaluated shall be conditioned according to ISO 187.

8 Characteristics and evaluation method of other materials (ceramics, metal,
paper, others)
Replace the existing title and text with the following new title and text:

– 6 – IEC 62899-201:2016/AMD1:2018
 IEC 2018
8 Characteristics and evaluation method of paper substrates
8.1 General
The paper and paper board substrates used in printed electronics (PE) shall be tested
according to the methods specified in Table 2. Unless there is a prior agreement between the
user and supplier these test methods shall be applied without modification. In cases where
the test has been modified, the changed condition shall be described in the report.
Table 2 – Test methods for paper and paper board substrates used in PE
Items Standards that each test method is defined
Surface condition Surface roughness Subclause 8.2 in this document
Flatness (curl) ISO 11556
Defects Subclause 8.3 in this document
Coefficient of friction ISO 15359
Contact angle Subclause 8.4 in this document
Surface pH Subclause 8.5 in this document
Composition of surface Subclause 8.6 in this document
Thickness of coating layer Subclause 8.7 in this document
Mechanical properties Bursting strength ISO 2758 (for paper), ISO 2759 (for paper board)
Tensile strength Constant rate of elongation method:
ISO 1924-2 (for 20 mm/min)
ISO 1924-3 (for 100 mm/min)
ISO 3781 (for after immersion in water)
z-directional tensile strength: ISO 15754
Young's modulus ISO 1924-3
Bending radius (IEC 62899-202-5)
Tearing resistance ISO 1974 (Elmendorf method)
Bending resistance ISO 2493-1 (constant rate of deflection)
(bending stiffness) ISO 2493-2 (taber-type)
ISO 5626 (folding endurance)
ISO 11798 (mechanical strength)
Resistance to picking ISO 3783
Compressive strength ISO 12192 (ring crush method)
Chemical properties pH of aqueous extracts ISO 6588-1 (cold extraction)
ISO 6588-2 (hot extraction)
Water vapour transmission rate ISO 15106-2
Oxygen gas transmission rate ISO 15105-2
Water absorptiveness ISO 535 (Cobb method)
Dimensional stability (humidity) ISO 5635
Electrical properties Volume resistance and surface IEC 62899-201
resistance
Electrical strength IEC 62899-201
Optical properties Opacity ISO 2471 (diffuse reflectance)
8.2 Surface roughness
8.2.1 General
The surface roughness of paper substrates is classified according to the following three
classes:
class (a) optical roughness at < 1 μm;

 IEC 2018
class (b) micro roughness at 1 μm to 100 μm;
class (c) macro roughness at >100 μm
In traditional technology, class (a) was not recognized as an important area. However, the
progress of the technology requires the region of class (a) to be considered, whereas the
importance of class (c) might be reduced in comparison. The measurement methods for
classes (a) and (b) are specified in this document.
8.2.2 Measurement method for class (a)
8.2.2.1 General
The gloss method or the white light interferometry (WLI) shall be used in the detection of
optical roughness (< 1 μm). The method which is used in this measurement may be decided
according to prior agreement between the user and supplier.
NOTE The WLI is used for high smoothness glossy paper such as a uniformly nanoparticle-coated product.
When the 60° gloss is over 65 or the average roughness (Ra) is less than 0,6 μm, the
distinctness of image (DOI) measurement may be used.
8.2.2.2 Gloss method
The 60° gloss shall be used in this measurement. The appropriate gloss meter may be used,
but the measurement method should be according to ISO 2813.
NOTE The equipment which is specified in ISO 8254-1 is also used widely in the paper industry. However, the
method of ISO 8254-1 is limited to 75˚ gloss. When the equipment is able to measure the 60˚ gloss, it will be
possible to use it in this measurement.
Since the value of specular reflection light intensity which is obtained during the measurement
of gloss and the surface roughness have a relation in Formula (1), the surface roughness (R
q
(RMS)) is calculated by Formula (2). The value of specular reflection light intensity can also
be obtained by dividing the value of the glossiness by the specularly reflected light
...