IEC PAS 63446:2022

IEC PAS 63446 ®
Edition 1.0 2022-10
PUBLICLY AVAILABLE
SPECIFICATION
Conversion method of specific absorption rate to absorbed power density for
the assessment of human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields
from wireless devices in close proximity to the head and body – Frequency
range of 6 GHz to 10 GHz
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

IEC Secretariat Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.

IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform IEC Products & Services Portal - products.iec.ch
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a Discover our powerful search engine and read freely all the
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical publications previews. With a subscription you will always have
committee, …). It also gives information on projects, replaced access to up to date content tailored to your needs.
and withdrawn publications.
Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published
containing more than 22 300 terminological entries in English
details all new publications released. Available online and once
and French, with equivalent terms in 19 additional languages.
a month by email.
Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary

(IEV) online.
IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc

If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need
further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
Centre: sales@iec.ch.
IEC PAS 63446 ®
Edition 1.0 2022-10
PUBLICLY AVAILABLE
SPECIFICATION
Conversion method of specific absorption rate to absorbed power density for

the assessment of human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields

from wireless devices in close proximity to the head and body – Frequency

range of 6 GHz to 10 GHz
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 17.220.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-5854-5

– 2 – IEC PAS 63446:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 9
4.1 Physical quantities . 9
4.2 Constants . 10
4.3 Abbreviations . 10
5 Application of this document . 10
6 APD conversion method by evaluation of the SAR distribution . 11
7 Uncertainty estimation . 11
7.1 Measurement uncertainty . 11
7.2 Numerical uncertainty . 12
8 Measurement and computational report . 12
Annex A (informative) Rationale for conversion of psSAR into psAPD . 13
Annex B (informative) Poynting vector and absorbed power density . 14
B.1 Introduction . 14
B.2 Electric fields and magnetic fields in a lossy half space . 14
B.3 Power density absorbed in the lossy half space . 15
B.4 Power transmitted by the Poynting vector of the TE-waves . 16
B.5 Power transmitted by the Poynting vector of the TM-waves . 17
B.6 Summary . 18
Annex C (normative) Reference dipoles and psAPD values for system check and
validation . 19
C.1 System check and validation . 19
C.2 Reference dipoles . 19
C.3 Numerical model of the system check dipoles . 20
Annex D (normative) Supplemental files and their checksums . 21
Bibliography . 22

Figure C.1 – Mechanical details of the standard dipoles. 19

Table 1 – Conversion factors for psSAR to psAPD . 11
Table 2 – Uncertainty budget template for evaluating the uncertainty in the measured
value of the psAPD of a DUT or validation antenna . 12
Table C.1 – Mechanical dimensions of the reference dipoles . 20
Table C.2 – Parameters of the dielectric components of the CAD models of the
reference dipoles . 20
Table C.3 –Numerical psAPD target values (rotating square) and the values converted
from numerical psSAR results . 20

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
CONVERSION METHOD OF SPECIFIC ABSORPTION RATE TO ABSORBED
POWER DENSITY FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF HUMAN EXPOSURE TO
RADIO FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS FROM WIRELESS
DEVICES IN CLOSE PROXIMITY TO THE HEAD AND BODY – FREQUENCY
RANGE OF 6 GHZ TO 10 GHZ
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as "IEC Publication(s)"). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
A PAS is an intermediate specification made available to the public and needing a lower level
of consensus than an International Standard to be approved by vote (simple majority).
IEC PAS 63446 has been processed by IEC technical committee 106: Methods for the
assessment of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields associated with human exposure.
The text of this PAS is based on the This PAS was approved for
following document: publication by the P-members of the
committee concerned as indicated in
the following document
Draft PAS Report on voting
106/572/DPAS 106/580/RVDPAS
Following publication of this PAS, which is a pre-standard publication, the technical committee
or subcommittee concerned may transform it into an International Standard.

– 4 – IEC PAS 63446:2022 © IEC 2022
This PAS shall remain valid for an initial maximum period of 2 years starting from the publication
date. The validity may be extended for a single period up to a maximum of 2 years, at the end
of which it shall be published as another type of normative document, or shall be withdrawn.
This document contains supplemental files that are detailed in Annex D. These files can be
downloaded from https://www.iec.ch/tc106/supportingdocuments.

INTRODUCTION
This document provides the method to conservatively evaluate the area averaged
electromagnetic (EM) power density entering the human body, i.e. the absorbed power density
(APD), for communication devices intended to be used at a position near the human head or
body, or mounted on the body, combined with other transmitters within a product, or embedded
in garments. The device categories covered include but are not limited to mobile telephones,
radio transmitters in personal computers, and desktop and laptop devices. The applicable
frequency range is from 6 GHz to 10 GHz.
This document specifies:
• conversion of the psSAR to the psAPD (Clause 6);
• uncertainty estimation (Clause 7);
• reporting requirements (Clause 8);
• methods of validation and system check (Annex C)
The measurement and computational standards IEC/IEEE 63195-1:2022 [1] and
IEC/IEEE 63195-2:2022 [2] for incident power density (IPD) cover the frequency range from
6 GHz to 300 GHz. Hence there is a frequency overlap from 6 GHz to 10 GHz between this
document on APD and the IEC/IEEE standards addressing IPD. The committee was aware of
this fact and opted for enhanced flexibility by providing methods for basic restriction metric APD
in addition to reference level metric IPD.

___________
Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.

– 6 – IEC PAS 63446:2022 © IEC 2022
CONVERSION METHOD OF SPECIFIC ABSORPTION RATE TO ABSORBED
POWER DENSITY FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF HUMAN EXPOSURE TO
RADIO FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS FROM WIRELESS
DEVICES IN CLOSE PROXIMITY TO THE HEAD AND BODY – FREQUENCY
RANGE OF 6 GHZ TO 10 GHZ
...