EN 13094:2015

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2015
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 13094:2008
SIST EN 13094:2008/AC:2010
Cisterne za prevoz nevarnega blaga - Kovinski rezervoarji z delovnim tlakom pod
0,5 bar - Konstruiranje in izdelava
Tanks for the transport of dangerous goods - Metallic tanks with a working pressure not
exceeding 0,5 bar - Design and construction
Tanks für die Beförderung gefährlicher Güter - Metalltanks mit einem Betriebsdruck von
höchstens 0,5 bar - Auslegung und Bau
Citernes destinées au transport de matières dangereuses - Citernes métalliques ayant
une pression de service inférieure ou égale à 0,5 bar - Conception et construction
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13094:2015
ICS:
13.300 Varstvo pred nevarnimi Protection against dangerous
izdelki goods
23.020.20 Posode in vsebniki, montirani Vessels and containers
na vozila mounted on vehicles
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13094
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2015
ICS 13.300; 23.020.20 Supersedes EN 13094:2008
English Version
Tanks for the transport of dangerous goods - Metallic tanks with
a working pressure not exceeding 0,5 bar - Design and
construction
Citernes destinées au transport de matières dangereuses - Tanks für die Beförderung gefährlicher Güter - Metalltanks
Citernes métalliques ayant une pression de service mit einem Betriebsdruck von höchstens 0,5 bar - Auslegung
inférieure ou égale à 0,5 bar - Conception et construction und Bau
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 January 2015.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13094:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms, definitions and symbols .6
3.1 Terms and definitions .6
3.2 Symbols .8
4 Breather device and safety device .9
5 Materials . 10
5.1 General . 10
5.2 Material properties . 10
5.3 Compatibility of shell materials with substances carried . 11
6 Design . 12
6.1 General . 12
6.2 Design verification . 12
6.3 Requirements for shells of non-circular cross-section . 12
6.4 Dynamic conditions . 12
6.5 Pressure conditions . 13
6.6 Partial vacuum conditions . 13
6.7 Design temperature . 13
6.8 Design stress . 13
6.9 Shell thickness . 14
6.10 Shell openings, neckrings and closures . 18
6.11 Shell partitions, surge plates and baffles . 18
6.12 Attachments to the shell . 19
6.13 Shell supporting structure . 20
6.14 Protection of service equipment mounted on the tank top . 20
7 Manufacture . 27
7.1 General . 27
7.2 Cutting and edge preparation . 28
7.3 Forming . 28
7.4 Welding . 29
7.5 Manufacturing tolerances . 30
7.6 Rectification of defects . 31
Annex A (normative) Methods of design verification . 32
A.1 General . 32
A.2 Dynamic testing . 32
A.3 Finite element stress analysis . 33
A.4 Reference design . 35
A.5 Calculation method – worksheet . 35
Annex B (normative) Method of measurement of specific resilience . 56
B.1 Principle . 56
B.2 Apparatus . 56
B.3 Samples of materials to be tested . 60
B.4 Procedure . 62
B.5 Results . 63
B.6 Global resilience (see 6.9.2.2 i)) . 64
B.7 Comparative methods to calculate the energy absorbed during an overturning or an

impact. (see 6.9.2.2 j)) . 65
Annex C (normative) Design of neckrings, flanges and closures . 66
Annex D (informative) Examples of welding details . 67
D.1 General . 67
D.2 Tank construction . 67
D.3 Attachment of reinforcements . 78
D.4 Attachment of branches . 80
D.5 Attachment of flanges, collars and reinforcing pads to the shell . 82
D.6 Attachment of flanges onto branches . 83
D.7 Attachment of heating channels to shells . 84
Bibliography . 86

Foreword
This document (EN 13094:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 296 “Tanks for
transport of dangerous goods”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2015 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by November 2015.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 13094:2008.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
This European Standard has been submitted for reference into the RID and/or in the technical annexes of the
ADR.
Compared with EN 13094:2008, the following changes are the principal modifications which have been made:
a) a new form of protection was added to 6.9.2.2;
b) subclause 6.10 was revised;
c) for the protection of service equipment mounted on top of the tank, the addition of an alternative steel
and, where longitudinal and transverse members are used, additional requirements for drainage were
added;
d) references were updated, in particular related to welding and NDT standards;
e) literal mistakes were corrected.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies requirements for the design and construction of metallic tanks with a
maximum working pressure not exceeding 50 kPa gauge used for the transport of dangerous goods by road
and rail for which Tank Code with letter “G” is given in Chapter 3.2 of ADR [2]. It also includes requirements
for a system of identification of materials used in the construction of these tanks.
This European Standard specifies requirements for openings, closures and structural equipment.
NOTE 1 This document does not specify requirements for service equipment.
This European Standard is applicable to aircraft refuellers that are used on public roads. It is also applicable to
inter-modal tanks (e.g. tank containers and tank swap bodies) for the transport of dangerous goods by road
and rail.
NOTE 2 This document is not applicable to fixed rail tank wagons.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 10204, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents
EN 12972:2007, Tanks for transport of dangerous goods — Testing, inspection and marking of metallic tanks
EN 13317, Tanks for transport of dangerous goods — Service equipment for tanks — Manhole cover
assembly
EN 14025, Tanks for the transport of dangerous goods — Metallic pressure tanks — Design and construction
EN 14595, Tanks for transport of dangerous goods — Service equipment for tanks — Pressure and Vacuum
Breather Vent
EN ISO 148-1, Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 148-1)
EN ISO 3834-1, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials — Part 1: Criteria for the
selection of the appropriate level of quality requirements (ISO 3834-1)
EN ISO 3834-2, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials — Part 2: Comprehensive quality
requirements (ISO 3834-2)
EN ISO 5817, Welding — Fusion-welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys (beam welding
excluded) — Quality levels for imperfections (ISO 5817)
EN ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
(ISO 6892-1)
EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials — Verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1:
Tension/compression testing machines — Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system
(ISO 7500-1)
EN ISO 9606-1, Qualification testing of welders — Fusion welding — Part 1: Steels (ISO 9606-1)
EN ISO 9606-2, Qualification test of welders — Fusion welding — Part 2: Aluminium and aluminium alloys
(ISO 9606-2)
EN ISO 9712, Non-destructive testing — Qualification and certification of NDT personnel (ISO 9712)
EN ISO 10042, Welding — Arc-welded joints in aluminium and its alloys — Quality levels for imperfections
(ISO 10042)
EN ISO 14732, Welding personnel — Qualification testing of welding operators and weld setters for
mechanized and automatic welding of metallic materials (ISO 14732)
EN ISO 15607, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — General rules
(ISO 15607)
EN ISO 15609-1, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding
procedure specification — Part 1: Arc welding (ISO 15609-1)
EN ISO 15609-2, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding
procedure specification — Part 2: Gas welding (ISO 15609-2)
EN ISO 15613, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Qualification
based on pre-production welding test (ISO 15613)
EN ISO 15614 (all parts), Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials —
Welding procedure test (ISO 15614, all parts)
EN ISO 17635, Non-destructive testing of welds — General rules for metallic materials (ISO 17635)
EN ISO 17636-1, Non-destructive testing of welds —- Radiographic testing — Part 1: X- and gamma-ray
techniques with film (ISO 17636-1)
EN ISO 17637, Non-destructive testing of welds — Visual testing of fusion-welded joints (ISO 17637)
EN ISO 17640, Non-destructive testing of welds — Ultrasonic testing — Techniques, testing levels, and
assessment (ISO 17640)
ISO 1496-3, Series 1 freight containers — Specification and testing — Part 3: Tank containers for liquids,
gases and pressurized dry bulk
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
baffle
structure, other than a surge plate, intended to inhibit the movement of the shell contents
3.1.2
capacity
total inner volume of shell or shell compartment
Note 1 to entry: When it is impossible to fill completely the shell or shell compartment because of its shape or
construction, this reduced capacity should be used for the determination of the degree of filling and for the marking of the
tank.
3.1.3
competent authority
authority or authorities or any other body or bodies designated as such in each country and in each specific
case in accordance with domestic law
Note 1 to entry: Attention is drawn to ADR [2] and to the OTIF regulations (commonly referred to as RID) [3] in respect
of Competent Authorities.
3.1.4
maximum working pressure
highest of the four pressures P , P , P and P
d r v ts
3.1.5
partition
hermetically sealed dividing wall between adjacent compartments in compartmented tanks
3.1.6
section modulus
second moment of area of a structure (and, where appropriate, its associated shell) about its neutral axis
divided by the maximum distance from the neutral axis to the extreme fibre of the section used in the
calculation
3.1.7
shell
sheathing containing the substance carried (including the openings and their closures)
3.1.8
specific resilience
integral of the applied force and the measured deflection of a test piece up to the point at which the test bar
punctures the test piece, as indicated by the point of maximum force
3.1.9
global resilience
ability of a shell with multiple divisions or surge plates to withstand a sideways impact with a beam
3.1.10
mild steel
2 2
steel with a guaranteed minimum tensile strength of 360 N/mm to 490 N/mm and a guaranteed minimum
elongation at fracture conforming to the requirement for steel specified in 5.2.2.3.1
3.1.11
reference steel
and an elongation after fracture of 27 %
steel with a tensile strength of 370 N/mm
3.1.12
surge plate
non-hermetically sealed wall in tanks or compartments of shells intended to reduce the effect of surge,
mounted at right angles to the direction of travel, having an area of at least 70 % of the cross-sectional area of
the shells where the surge plate is located
3.1.13
test pressure
highest effective pressure which arises in the tank during the pressure test
3.1.14
maximum design mass
sum of the tare of the tank and the maximum permissible load for which the tank is designed
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply.
A
percentage (%) elongation after fracture
A minimum percentage (%) elongation after fracture of the metal used (see 6.9.1)
B
pitch circle diameter or, if elliptical, average of major and minor diameters, in millimetres
(mm)
c
distance from the start of a knuckle bend to the edge of a shell, in millimetres (mm)
NOTE 1 This is used for the attachment of a dished end to a shell.
e shell thickness, in millimetres (mm)
e
thickness of a flat closure, in millimetres (mm)
c
e thickness of a domed closure, in millimetres (mm)
d
e thickness of a tank end or partition, in millimetres (mm)
f
e thickness of a reinforcing section, in millimetres (mm)
rs
e thickness of an opening flange, in millimetres (mm)
r
e thickness of a domed closure flange, in millimetres (mm)
rd
e adopted thickness of a shell, in millimetres (mm)
v
e minimum thickness of a shell according to 6.9.1, in millimetres (mm)
v, min
e minimum thickness of shell in reference steel, in millimetres (mm)
e
thickness of the thickest part of a shell, in millimetres (mm)
e thickness of the thinner part of the metal used, in millimetres (mm)
g
acceleration due to gravity, in metres per second squared (m/s )
NOTE 2 The value of g is 9,81 m/s .
L overlap of a lapped joint, in millimetres (mm)
L
length of reinforcing piece, in millimetres (mm)
c
L length of reinforcing ring, in millimetres (mm)
r
L
initial gauge length of the test piece used in the tensile test, in millimetres (mm)
l length of transition between plates of different thickness, in millimetres (mm)
l
length of overlap of swaged edge, in millimetres (mm)
l length of weld at base of swaged joint, in millimetres (mm)
N safety factor
P
highest effective pressure allowed in a shell during discharge (“maximum discharge
d
pressure allowed”), in MegaPascals (MPa)
P highest effective pressure allowed in a shell during filling (“maximum filling pressure
r
allowed”), in MegaPascals (MPa)
P opening pressure of the breather device, in MegaPascals (MPa)
ts
P effective pressure to which a shell is subjected by the substance carried (including such
v
extraneous gases as it might contain) at the design temperature, in MegaPascals (MPa)
P design pressure of tank, in MegaPascals (MPa)
x
R
internal radius of a domed closure, in millimetres (mm)
R determined tensile strength, in Newtons per square millimetre (N/mm )
d
R
apparent yield strength for steels having a clearly defined yield point or guaranteed 0,2 %
e
proof strength for steels with no clearly defined yield point (1 % proof strength for
austenitic steels) Newtons per square millimetre (N/mm )
R apparent yield strength for steels having a clearly defined yield point or guaranteed 0,2 %
et
proof strength for steels with no clearly defined yield point (1 % proof strength for
austenitic steels) at minimum design temperature Newtons per square millimetre (N/mm )
R
tensile strength, in Newtons per square millimetre (N/mm )
m
R tensile strength at minimum design temperature, in Newtons per square millimetre
mt
(N/mm )
R minimum tensile strength of the metal used, in Newtons per square millimetre (N/mm )
m1
S total tensile area, in square millimetres (mm )
B
S initial cross-sectional area of a test piece used in the tensile test, in square millimetres
(mm )
w effective depth of fillet weld (i.e. distance from the surface of the weld to the minimum
penetration point of the molten metal into the base material)
Z minimum section modulus in reference steel, in cubic centimetres (cm )
Z minimum section modulus in the metal used, in cubic centimetres (cm )
σ design stress for cover material, according to 6.8, in Newtons per square millimetre
c
(N/mm )
σ design stress for flange material, according to 6.8, in Newtons per square millimetre
r
(N/mm )
4 Breather device and safety device
Tanks shall be equipped with a breather device fitted with a safety device to prevent the contents from spilling
out if the tank overturns in accordance with EN 14595. For compartmented tanks, each compartment shall be
equipped so.
5 Materials
5.1 General
5.1.1 The designer shall select the materials to be used in the construction of the tank using ferritic steel,
austenitic steel, austenitic-ferritic stainless steel or aluminium alloy material standards published by a national
or international standards body or otherwise approved by the competent authority. The material shall in any
case meet the requirements specified in 5.2.
5.1.2 Materials used in the construction of shells shall be suitable for shaping. Materials shall be deemed
unsuitable if, even though they meet the material requirements of this European Standard, the degree of
shaping required by a particular shell design generates cracking or other signs of distress in the shell material.
5.1.3 Materials shall be used that are known to be resistant to brittle fracture and to stress corrosion
cracking.
5.1.4 When tested in accordance with the appropriate clauses of EN ISO 15614-1, the properties of
materials used in the fabrication of welded shells shall not be less than the minimum values specified for the
material selected in accordance with 5.1.1 throughout the welded area after welding without post-weld heat
treatment.
5.2 Material properties
5.2.1 Impact strength
Ferritic steel materials shall be tested in accordance with EN ISO 148-1 using a V-shaped notch, and shall
have an impact strength of not less than 34 J/cm at –20 °C (or at the minimum design temperature where this
is lower). Impact tests shall be carried out on sheets of materials, or on their weld seams, where the sheet
thickness is more than 5 mm.
5.2.2 Yield strength, tensile strength and elongation after fracture
5.2.2.1 General
5.2.2.1.1 The values of A, R and R to be used shall be the minimum values specified for the material
e m
selected in accordance with the relevant standard for the material with the exception of 5.2.2.1.2 and
5.2.2.1.3.
5.2.2.1.2 When austenitic steels are used, the value of R used in the calculation may exceed the minimum
e
value in accordance with the relevant standard for the material specified for the material selected provided
that:
— the higher values are attested in a certificate 3.1 issued in accordance with EN 10204;
— the value of R used in the calculation does not exceed 1,15 multiplied by the value of R as specified for
e e
the material selected in accordance with the relevant standard for the material.
5.2.2.1.3 When fine-grained steels are used, the value of R shall not exceed 460 N/mm and the value of
e
R shall not exceed 725 N/mm in accordance with the specifications of the relevant standard for the material.
m
5.2.2.2 Yield strength and tensile strength
Steels with a ratio of R /R exceeding 0,85 shall not be used in the construction of welded tanks. The values
e m
specified in certificate 3.1 issued in accordance with EN 10204 shall be used to determine the R /R ratio.
e m
5.2.2.3 Elongation after fracture
5.2.2.3.1 The material shall be tested in accordance with EN ISO 6892-1. The percentage elongation after
fracture, A, shall be not less than:
— 16 % for fine grained steels;
— 20 % for other steels;
— 12 % for aluminium alloys.
5.2.2.3.2 Additionally, for steel, the percentage elongation after fracture, A, shall be not less than the value
calculated using Formula (1):
10 000 N/mm
A= (1)
R
d
NOTE For A, Rd and Rm1 only the numerical value with the unit according to 3.2 is given.
5.2.2.3.3 For sheet metal, when measuring the percentage elongation after fracture in accordance with
EN ISO 6892-1, the axis of the tensile test piece shall be at right angles to the direction of rolling; where the
material standard gives lower values in the direction of rolling, these values shall be used in the calculation.
5.2.2.3.4 When measuring the percentage elongation after fracture, a test piece of circular cross-section
shall be used in which the initial gauge length is equal to five times the diameter. If test pieces of rectangular
section are used, the gauge length shall be calculated using Formula (2):
L = 5,65 s (2)
0 0
NOTE Elongations based on fixed lengths can be converted to proportional elongations using EN ISO 2566-1 or
EN ISO 2566-2 as applicable.
5.3 Compatibility of shell materials with substances carried
5.3.1 The manufacturer shall make available a list of the dangerous goods that may be carried without
damage to the tank, or its lining. The substances or group of substances approved in the certificate shall be
compatible with the characteristics of the tank and its service equipment.
NOTE RID/ADR (4.3.4.1.2) states that the listing of approved substances may be replaced by groups of substances
according to the tank code taking into account any relevant special provision.
5.3.2 If contact between the substance carried and the material used for the construction of the shell is
deemed likely to entail a progressive decrease in the thickness of the walls, this thickness shall be increased
at manufacture by an appropriate amount.
NOTE This additional thickness, to allow for corrosion, is not taken into consideration in determining the minimum
shell thickness (see 6.9.1).
5.3.3 If the shell is fitted with a non-metallic protective lining, only materials and their means of bonding to
the shell that are known to remain leakproof, whatever the deformation liable to occur in normal conditions of
carriage, shall be used.
5.3.4 If shells intended for the carriage of liquids having a flash-point of not more than 60 °C are fitted with
non-conductive protective linings, precautions shall be taken to prevent the accumulation of electrostatic
charges that could present a danger of ignition.
NOTE This requirement is also applicable to UN No. 1361 carbon and UN No. 1361 carbon black, packing group II.
6 Design
6.1 General
A shell may have a circular, elliptical or box-shaped cross-section or combinations thereof.
Shell projections outside the basic cross-section of a shell shall be kept to a minimum and protection shall be
provided from all directions on the shell.
6.2 Design verification
The design of a tank shall be verified in accordance with one or a combination of the following methods:
a) for shells with a circular cross-section, EN 14025 or any one of the methods specified in Annex A;
b) for shells with non-circular cross-sections:
1) dynamic testing (A.2);
2) finite element stress analysis (A.3);
3) reference design based on experience of the Competent Authority with existing tank designs (A.4);
4) calculation method (A.5).
Documentation shall be produced that gives evidence of the design verification.
The design shall in any case conform to the minimum requirements of this European Standard.
6.3 Requirements for shells of non-circular cross-section
For shells of non-circular cross-section:
a) the radius of convexity of the shell wall shall not exceed 2 m at the sides and 3 m radius at the top and
the bottom;
b) there shall be a minimum radius of 200 mm linking the top/bottom and side convexities; and
c) an equivalent diameter shall be calculated on the basis of the cross-sectional area.
6.4 Dynamic conditions
6.4.1 The dynamic conditions appropriate to the design temperature specified in 6.7, and requirements of
the pressure test in EN 12972, shall be met without exceeding the stress levels specified in 6.8.
6.4.2 Shells, their attachments and their structural equipment shall be designed to withstand the forces and
dynamic pressures resulting from the combination of the highest value of P or P with, separately, each of the
v ts
following, without exceeding the design stress in 6.8:
— in the direction of travel, an acceleration of 2 g on the maximum design mass (in the case of self-
supporting trailers the maximum design mass shall include the mass of axles, wheels and tyres and shall
be deemed to act at the coupling point); if any account is taken of surge plates in calculations, their effect
shall be proven;
— at right angles to the direction of travel, an acceleration of 1 g acting on the maximum design mass;
— vertically upwards, an acceleration of 1 g acting on the maximum design mass;
— vertically downwards, an acceleration of 2 g acting on the maximum design mass;
— where the shell constitutes a stressed self-supporting member of a vehicle, the stresses thus imposed in
addition to stresses from other sources.
6.4.3 With the following exceptions, a tank which has a maximum length of less than 2,9 m shall be
designed to withstand the forces specified in 6.4.2, except that in all horizontal directions the forces shall be
twice the maximum design mass:
— a tank permanently mounted on a vehicle chassis;
— a demountable tank on a road vehicle which can be fitted to the chassis only in one orientation.
6.5 Pressure conditions
6.5.1 The tank shell shall be designed to withstand a maximum test pressure which shall be the greater of:
a) the pressure created by a column of water equal to twice the depth of the tank multiplied by the relative
density of the most dense substance to be carried;
b) the pressure created by a column of water equal to twice the depth of the tank;
c) 1,3 times the maximum working pressure.
6.5.2 Except for tanks for inter-modal tanks, compartments of compartmented tanks shall be designed to
withstand a test pressure which subjects all parts of a compartment to a pressure at least equal to
1,3 × (P + P ).
ta ts
The test pressure shall be applied to the highest point of the compartment, and no account shall be taken of
the pressure arising from the static head of the test liquid.
6.6 Partial vacuum conditions
The shell and partitions shall be capable of withstanding a vacuum condition of 3 kPa below atmospheric
pressure.
6.7 Design temperature
The minimum design temperature range shall be –20 °C to +50 °C. Where the tank is likely to be subjected to
more severe conditions, the design temperature range shall be extended within the range –40 °C to +50 °C,
as applicable. The design temperature range of tanks intended for substances to be carried at elevated
temperatures shall be extended at least to the maximum working temperature.
6.8 Design stress
The maximum stress in the material of the tank and its supporting structure shall not exceed the lower of
0,75 R or 0,5 R ; for tank containers and tank swap bodies, the stress in the material of the supporting
e m
structure shall not exceed 0,66 R .
e
6.9 Shell thickness
6.9.1 Minimum shell thickness
The thickness of shells made of mild steel (with a guaranteed minimum tensile strength of 360 N/mm to
490 N/mm ) shall be not less than the following values, unless the conditions specified in 6.9.2 are met:
— 5 mm if the tank diameter is not more than 1,8 m;
— 6 mm if the tank diameter is greater than 1,8 m (except in the case of shells intended for the carriage of
powdery or granulated substances).
If the shell is made of another material, the equivalent minimum thickness shall be determined in accordance
with Formula (3):
464e
e= (3)
RA
( )
m1 1
If the shell thickness is increased to allow for corrosive substances, this additional thickness shall not be taken
into consideration in calculating the minimum shell thickness.
The actual minimum thickness shall not be below the absolute minimum shown in Table 1.
6.9.2 Reduction of shell thickness
6.9.2.1 Where protection against damage of the shell is provided in accordance with 6.9.2.2 to 6.9.2.3,
the minimum thickness may be reduced by a maximum of 2 mm of reference steel (or equivalent thickness in
another material, calculated using Formula (3)) from that specified in 6.9.1, but shall not be below the absolute
minimum shown in Table 1.
Table 1 — Absolute minimum shell thickness
a
Minimum shell thickness
Diameter
Austenitic Austenitic Other steels Pure Aluminium
steels ferritic steels aluminium alloys
of 99,8 %
m mm mm mm mm mm
b
≤ 1,80 2,5 3 3 6 4
> 1,80 3 3,5 4 8 5
a
For non-circular cross-sections, see 6.3.
b
For tank-containers and tank swap bodies not protected against damage, the shell thickness shall in no case be
less than 3 mm whatever the material used.
6.9.2.2 Tank vehicles and demountable tanks shall be deemed to be protected against damage when
one of the following measures given in a) to j) is adopted; dimensions that refer to distances between
strengthening elements shall be taken between their attachment points on the tank shell:
a) For shells with a circular and/or elliptical cross-section including combinations of those cross sections
having a maximum radius of curvature of 2 m, the shell is equipped with strengthening elements
comprising partitions or surge plates, or external or internal rings, so placed that at least one of the
following conditions is met:
1) the distance between two adjacent strengthening elements is less than or equal to 1,75 m;
2) the volume contained between two partitions or surge plates is less than or equal to 7 500 l.
A ring, and associated shell shall have a section modulus of at least 10 cm in reference steel, or an
equivalent section modulus in another metal (see 6.14.2.5), when calculated around the neutral axis
parallel to the shell.
External strengthening elements shall not have projecting edges with a radius of less than 2,5 mm.
b) For shells with double walls having an intermediate layer of rigid solid material (e.g. foam, at least 50 mm
thick), the outer wall has a thickness of at least 0,5 mm of mild steel, 0,8 mm of aluminium or 2 mm of
fibre reinforced plastic material. For other insulating materials (e.g. mineral-wool, at least 100 mm thick),
the outer wall has a thickness of at least 0,8 mm of austenitic steel, the outer wall of the ends may be of a
fibre reinforced plastic material with a thickness of at least 3 mm.
Other combinations of materials used to provide protection against damage shall have specific resilience,
as determined in accordance with Annex B, equivalent to that of the minimum thickness required by 6.9.1,
and the thickness of the inner wall of the combination shall be not less than the minimum value specified
in 6.9.2.1.
c) For shells of forms other than in a), the shell is provided all around the mid-point of its vertical height and
over at least 30 % of its height with additional protection designed in such a way as to offer specific
resilience, as determined in accordance with Annex B, at least equal to that of a shell constructed in
reference steel of a thickness of 5 mm for a shell diameter not exceeding 1,80 m or 6 mm for a shell
diameter exceeding 1,80 m.
The additional protection shall be applied in a durable manner to the shell.
This requirement shall be deemed to have been met without further proof of the specific resilience when:
1) the additional protection involves welding a plate of the same material as the shell, to the outside of
the shell over the area to be strengthened, such that the shell thickness is not less than the minimum
specified in 6.9.1 or this area consists of the same material as the shell with a thickness not less than
the minimum shell thickness specified in 6.9.1; and
2) flanged ends to the full thickness are used with the additional side protection extending to cover at
least one third of the flange length.
d) For shells made with single ends having the full thickness specified in 6.9.1, the shell has strengthening
elements meeting both of the following requirements:
1) the capacity contained between two partitions is less than or equal to 7 500 l;
2) the volume between a partition and a surge plate is less than or equal to 4 000 l.
e) For shells made with double ends, the shell has strengthening elements meeting both of the following
requirements:
1) the capacity contained between two partitions is less than or equal to 7 500 l;
2) the volume between a partition and a surge plate is less than or equal to 4 000 l.
The inner end shall have a thickness at least equal to the minimum specified in 6.9.2.1 and the outer end
a thickness of at least 2 mm in reference steel or an equivalent thickness in another metal, calculated
using Formula (3).
f) For shells made with double ends with a separation exceeding 100 mm, the ends of which conform to the
requirements specified in e), the shell has partitions arranged such that the capacity contained between
partitions is less than or equal to 7 500 l.
g) For shells of forms other than in a), the following conditions are all met:
1) the volume contained between adjacent strengthening elements does not exceed 7 500 l;
2) the volume of any compartment does not exceed 15 000 l except in the case of tanks dedicated to
the carriage of liquids at or above 100 °C and below their flashpoint;
3) the distance between adjacent strengthening elements does not exceed 1,4 m;
4) the corner radii connecting the top, side and bottom radii are not less than 300 mm;
5) the thicknesses of ends conform to d) or e) as appropriate.
h) For demountable tanks, protection is provided on all sides by the drop sides or the cab of the carrying
vehicle. The drop sides shall offer protection to at least half the height of the shell.
i) For shells of forms other than in a), when applying requirements of global resilience, the following
conditions are all met:
1) the volume contained between adjacent strengthening elements does not exceed 7 500 l;
2) the volume of any compartment does not exceed 15 000 l except in the case of tanks dedicated to
the carriage of liquids at or above 100 °C and below their flashpoint;
3) the distance between adjacent strengthening elements does not exceed 1,75 m;
4) the average distance between adjacent strengthening elements does not exceed 1,4 m;
5) the corner radii connecting the side, top and bottom radii are not less than 250 mm;
6) the thickness of the ends conform to d) or e) as appropriate;
7) for shells made with double ends with a separation exceeding 100 mm, the ends shall conform to the
requirements specified in e);
8) the weakest 4 m-shell segment has a global resilience of at least 100 kNm.
The followin
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