EN ISO 12777-1:1996

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-1998
Preskusne metode tovora na paleti - 1. del: Ugotavljanje trdnosti, povezovanja
paletnih žebljev in drugih povezovalcev ter trakov (ISO 12777-1:1994)
Methods of test for pallet joints - Part 1: Determination of bending resistance of pallet
nails, other dowel-type fasteners and staples (ISO 12777-1:1994)
Prüfungen von Verbindungen an Paletten - Teil 1: Bestimmung der Biegefestigkeit von
Palettennägeln, Klammern und anderen dübelartigen Verbindungselementen (ISO 12777
-1:1994)
Méthodes d'essai des assemblages de palettes - Partie 1: Détermination de la résistance
a la flexion des clous et autres éléments de fixation de type cheville, et des clous
cavaliers (ISO 12777-1:1994)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 12777-1:1996
ICS:
21.060.50 =DWLþLåHEOML Pins, nails
55.180.20 9HþQDPHQVNHSDOHWH General purpose pallets
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
12777-1
STANDARD
First edition
1994-12-15
Methods of test for pallet joints -
Part 1:
Determination of bending resistance of pallet
nails, other dowel-type fasteners and staples
Methodes d’essai des assemblages de palettes -
Partie 7: D&ermination de Ia rksktance a Ia flexion des clous et autres
&ments de fixation de type cheville, et des clous cavaliers
Reference number
ISO 12777-1:1994(E)
ISO 12777=1:1994(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national Standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Esch member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard ISO 12777-1 was prepared by Technical Committee
lSO/rC 51, Pallets for unjt load method of materials handling.
ISO 12777 consists of the following Parts, under the general title Methods
of test for pallet joints:
- Part 7: Determination of bending resistance of pallet nails, other
dowel-type fasteners and staples
nails and staples for withdra wal head pull-
- Part 2: Testing of and
through resktance
- Part 3: Determination of bending strength
0 ISO 1994
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronie or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without Permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l CH-l 211 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
ii
0 ISO
ISO 12777=1:1994(E)
Introduction
In 1988 ISOnC 51 requested lSO/TC 51/WG 2 to develop Standard test
methods for pallet joints. During the early meetings of WG 2 it became
evident that the lack of International Standards on nail testing meant that
fasteners (essential elements of pallet joints) could not be characterized
sufficiently to enable worthwhile progress on full-joint testing. Although
there were existing, or partially developed, nail testing principles, WG 2
considered that, in a practical Situation where for quality control purposes
or comparisons of nail quality reasonably accurate and rapid nail strength
data were required, one, or both, of the two existing commercial nail
testers was (were) better suited to the needs of pallet makers, pallet test
laboratories and nail manufacturers.
Preliminary work by WG 2 led the manufacturers of both machines to
make design modifications to improve accuracy. In November 1990,
WG 2 appointed an ad hoc team of four members to evaluate the ma-
chines. The evaluation, carried out with the cooperation of the
manufacturers/agents of each nail test machine, demonstrated that the
technical requirements for nail test machines/principles were met by both
machines.
The good correlation between the ultimate tensile strength of steel and
the results of nail bending tests disappears once threads are rolled on to
nails. Nail bending resistance is critical to the Performance of a nail and,
for this reason, the bending resistance of finished nails is the recom-
mended method for specifying pallet nails and staples.
Users should not automatically specify the highest grade of nail in a pallet
design, any more than they would automatically specify the strongest
available wood species. In general, it is only to improve the Performance
of a particular joint that is proving a weak link in a pallet design, or to build
in a longer life, etc., that nail upgrading would take place. There are also
many instances where a nail with a lower Performance would be the best
choice, such as in a pallet-mat subassembly constructed with clinched
nails.
This page intentionally left blank

ISO 12777=1:1994(E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Q ISO
Methods of test for pallet joints -
Part 1:
Determination of bending resistance of pallet nails, other
dowel-type fasteners and staples
3 Symbols
1 Scope
Applied forte, in newtons
F
This part of ISO 12777 describes test methods for the
determination of the bending resistance of pallet nails,
Forte of reaction, in newtons
FR
staples and other dowel-type fasteners.
I Impact load (impulse), in newton seconds
lt includes tests for the
nd Applied torque, in newton metres
a) ultimate strength in static bending (three- and
four-Point loading methods);
MR Opposing torque, in newton metres
b) impact bend resistance (three-Point loading
l Nail or staple length, in millimetres, under
method). bending stress (dimension B to C in figures 1
and 3)
These test methods apply to all types of nails, includ-
ing loose, collated or coil nails, up to 6 mm in diam- L Effective length, in millimetres, of load actuator
eter (round, Square, fluted, twisted, plain or threaded)
a Angular movement, in degrees
and may also be suitable for other fasteners such as
staples.
Angle of deformation, in degrees
ß
2 Definition
4 Static bend tests (primary methods)
For the purposes of this part of ISO 12777, the fol-
lowing definition applies.
4.1 Three-Point loading method
2.1 bending resistance
4.1.1 Principle
(1) (Primar-y static method): The ultimate strength
determined in bending configuration using a three- or
A nail, staple or other dowel-type fastener is clamped
four-Point loading method. lt is measured as torque in
in such a way as to resist bending at two Points A and
newton metres.
B (sec figure 1). A forte is then applied to the un-
clamped Portion of the nail at a set Point C, using a
(2) (supplementary impact method): The impact
pivoted bending actuator to which torque is applied.
bend resistance under the application of a given load.
The maximum torque applied is recorded.
lt is measured in degrees as an angle of deformation.

ISO 12777=1:1994(E)
4.1.2 Apparatusl)
The equipment shall have an accuracy and a repeat-
ability of + 4 %.
-
A typical test apparatus is shown in figure 2; it com-
prises the following items.
4.1.2.1
Clamping device, with the front edge (Point
B in figure 1) having a radius of 2 mm.
4.1.2.2 Bending actuators, interchangeable,
pivoted, each fitted with two bending arms, to provide
b)
a range of different mechanical advantages when ap-
A
plying forte to the nail.
4.1.2.3 Framework to Position the actuator in re-
lation to the clamping device.
FR L
4.1.2.4 Means of applying torque to the
actuator, e.g. a torque wrench, and of recording the
maximum torque applied.
') A
NOTE 1 A pl
...