EN 16179:2012
(Main)Sludge, treated biowaste and soil - Guidance for sample pretreatment
Sludge, treated biowaste and soil - Guidance for sample pretreatment
This European Standard specifies the pretreatment required for sludge, treated biowaste and soil (including soil-like materials), that are subject to the analysis of organic as well as inorganic chemical and physico-chemical parameters.
The pretreatment of samples aims at preparing a (small) test sample which is representative for the original sample.
This European Standard describes the pretreatment which could be performed under field conditions if necessary (see Clause 8) and the sample pretreatment under laboratory conditions (Clause 10).
For determining inorganic chemical and physico-chemical parameters this European Standard describes procedures (see 10.2) to prepare:
- test samples for tests under field moist conditions;
- test samples for testing after drying, crushing, grinding, sieving etc.;
- test samples of liquid sludge.
For determination of organic compounds three pretreatment methods are specified:
- a pretreatment method if volatile organic compounds are to be measured (see 10.3.2);
- a pretreatment method if moderately volatile to non-volatile organic compounds are to be measured and the result of the following analysis will be accurate and reproducible (see 10.3.3);
- a pretreatment method if moderately volatile to non-volatile organic compounds are to be measured and the extraction procedure prescribes a field moist sample or if only indicative results are required (see 10.3.4).
The choice of the method depends above all on the volatility of the analyte. It also depends on the particle size distribution of the material (see Clause 5 and 8.3), the heterogeneity of the sample and the following analytical procedure.
Schlamm, behandelter Bioabfall und Boden - Anleitung zur Probenvorbehandlung
Diese Europäische Norm legt Vorbehandlungsverfahren fest, die erforderlich sind, um für Schlamm, behandelten Bioabfall und Boden (einschließlich bodenähnlicher Materialien) sowohl organische als auch anorganische und physikalisch chemische Parameter zu bestimmen.
Die Vorbehandlung der Proben dient dem Zweck, eine (kleine) Prüfprobe herzustellen, die für die Ausgangsprobe repräsentativ ist.
In der vorliegenden Europäischen Norm wird die Vorbehandlung beschrieben, die bei Bedarf unter Freilandbedingungen durchgeführt werden kann (siehe Abschnitt 8) sowie die Vorbehandlung unter Laborbedingungen (Abschnitt 10).
Zur Bestimmung anorganischer und physikalisch chemischer Parameter beschreibt diese Europäische Norm Verfahren (siehe 10.2), um:
- Teilproben für Analysen unter feldfeuchten Bedingungen;
- Teilproben für Analysen nach dem Trocknen, Brechen, Mahlen, Sieben usw.;
- und flüssige Schlamm Teilproben vorzubereiten.
Zur Bestimmung organischer Verbindungen werden drei Vorbehandlungsverfahren festgelegt:
- ein Vorbehandlungsverfahren zur Analyse flüchtiger organischer Verbindungen (siehe 10.3.2);
- ein Vorbehandlungsverfahren zur Analyse mäßig flüchtiger bis nicht flüchtiger organischer Verbindungen, wenn die nachfolgende Analyse exakte und reproduzierbare Ergebnisse liefern soll (siehe 10.3.3);
- ein Vorbehandlungsverfahren zur Analyse mäßig flüchtiger bis nicht flüchtiger organischer Verbindungen, wenn das Extraktionsverfahren eine feldfeuchte Probe vorschreibt oder wenn Ergebnisse gefordert werden, die keine Allgemeingültigkeit beanspruchen (siehe 10.3.4).
Die Wahl des Verfahrens hängt vor allem von der Flüchtigkeit der zu analysierenden organischen Verbindungen ab. Weitere Einflüsse sind die Korngrößenverteilung des Materials (siehe 5 und 8.3), die Heterogenität der Probe und das anschließende Analysenverfahren.
Boues, bio-déchets traités et sols - Lignes directrices pour le prétraitement des échantillons
La présente Norme européenne spécifie le prétraitement requis pour les boues, les bio-déchets traités et les sols (y compris les matériaux similaires aux sols), qui font l'objet de l'analyse de paramètres chimiques et physico-chimiques de substances organiques et inorganiques.
Le but du prétraitement est de préparer un (petit) échantillon pour essai qui soit représentatif de l'échantillon d'origine.
La présente Norme européenne décrit le prétraitement susceptible d'être appliqué dans des conditions de terrain, si nécessaire (voir Article 8) et le prétraitement d'un échantillon dans des conditions de laboratoires (Article 10).
Pour la détermination des paramètres inorganiques, chimiques et physico-chimiques, la présente Norme européenne décrit des modes opératoires (voir 10.2) pour préparer :
- des échantillons pour essai à tester dans des conditions humides in situ ;
- des échantillons pour essai à tester après séchage, écrasement, concassage, tamisage, etc. ;
- des échantillons pour essai de boues liquides.
En ce qui concerne la détermination des composés organiques, trois méthodes de prétraitement sont spécifiées :
- une méthode de prétraitement si l'analyse porte sur des composés organiques volatils (voir 10.3.2) ;
- une méthode de prétraitement si l'analyse porte sur des composés organiques allant de modérément volatils à non volatils et si le résultat de l'analyse doit être précis et reproductible (voir 10.3.3) ;
- une méthode de prétraitement si l'analyse porte sur des composés organiques allant de modérément volatils à non volatils et si le mode opératoire d'extraction prescrit un échantillon de sol humide ou si des résultats uniquement indicatifs sont requis (voir 10.3.4).
Le choix de la méthode dépend avant tout de la volatilité du composant à analyser. Il dépend également de la distribution granulométrique du matériau (voir Article 5 et paragraphe 8.3), de l'hétérogénéité de l'échantillon et du mode opératoire d'analyse suivant.
Blato, obdelani biološki odpadki in tla - Navodilo za pripravo vzorcev
Ta evropski standard določa pripravo blata, obdelanih bioloških odpadkov in tal (vključno z materiali, ki so podobni tlom), ki so obravnavani v analizi organskih in anorganskih kemijskih in fizikalno-kemijskih parametrov. Priprava vzorcev je namenjena pripravi (majhnega) preskusnega vzorca, ki je reprezentativen za izvorni vzorec. V tem evropskem standardu sta opisani priprava, ki se lahko po potrebi izvede na prostem, in priprava vzorca v laboratorijskih pogojih. V tem evropskem standardu so za določitev anorganskih kemijskih in fizikalno-kemijskih parametrov opisani postopki za pripravo: – preskusnih vzorcev za preskuse v vlažnih razmerah na prostem; – preskusnih vzorcev za preskušanje po sušenju, drobljenju, mletju, sejanju itd.; – preskusnih vzorcev tekočega blata. Za določanje organskih spojin so opredeljene tri metode priprave: – metoda priprave v primeru merjenja hlapnih organskih spojin; – metoda priprave, če se merijo slabo hlapne do nehlapne organske spojine, pri čemer bo rezultat naslednje analize natančen in ponovljiv; – metoda priprave, če se merijo slabo hlapne do nehlapne organske spojine in je za postopek ekstrakcije potreben vzorec vlage na prostem ali če so potrebni samo nakazalni rezultati. Izbira metode je odvisna predvsem od hlapnosti analita. Odvisna je tudi od razporeditve delcev po velikosti materiala, raznovrstnosti vzorca in naslednjega analiznega postopka.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Blato, obdelani biološki odpadki in tla - Navodilo za pripravo vzorcevSchlamm, behandelter Bioabfall und Boden - Anleitung zur ProbenvorbehandlungBoue, biodéchet traité et sol - Usure par prétraitement des échantillonsSludge, treated biowaste and soil - Guidance for sample pretreatment13.080.05Preiskava tal na splošnoExamination of soils in general13.030.20Liquid wastes. SludgeICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16179:2012SIST EN 16179:2013en,fr,de01-februar-2013SIST EN 16179:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16179
August 2012 ICS 13.080.05; 13.030.01 English Version
Sludge, treated biowaste and soil - Guidance for sample pretreatment
Boues, bio-déchets traités et sols - Lignes directrices pour le prétraitement des échantillons
Schlamm, behandelter Bioabfall und Boden - Anleitung zur Probenvorbehandlung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 June 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16179:2012: ESIST EN 16179:2013
Subsampling methods . 37A.1 Long pile and alternate shovel method . 37A.2 Coning and quartering . 38A.3 Riffling . 39A.4 Application of Tyler divider . 40A.5 Application of mechanised turntable (rotating divider) . 40Annex B (informative)
Information concerning vapour pressure, boiling and melting points of volatile organic compounds . 42Bibliography . 45 SIST EN 16179:2013
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 16179:2013
Historically this has been the case for analysing organic compounds after pretreatment according to e.g. ISO 14507. Standards describing pretreatment for chemical and physico-chemical parameters, e.g. ISO 11464, historically have divided the samples into fractions < 2 mm and > 2 mm where the fraction < 2 mm was taken for testing. By this the concentrations reported for organic compounds could be related to another part of the sample than those of the chemical and physico-chemical parameters. This European Standard stems on the assumption that the same part of the original sample is used for all parameters to be analysed. For environmental investigation it is assumed that generally the whole sample is of interest and will be pre-treated. Only extraneous materials may need to be removed under specific circumstances (and usually then will be reported accordingly). Depending on legislative or other demands only specific fractions of the sample may be analysed (e.g. the fraction < 2 mm). In that case, the sample will be sieved prior to the pretreatment and the laboratory will report that only the fraction < 2 mm was analysed. The pretreatment procedures described in this European Standard are not applicable if they affect the results of the determinations to be made. For example, the properties of the parameters to be analysed may differ greatly depending on chemical species: they can range from non-volatile to very volatile compounds (low to high vapour pressure); they may be labile or reactive at ambient or elevated temperatures; they may be biodegradable or UV-degradable; they may have considerable different solubilities in water. Some properties of chemical species require different analytical procedures. Because of these differences, it is not possible to specify one general pretreatment procedure to fit all materials and goals of investigation. The aim of a pretreatment procedure is to prepare a test sample of which the content of a substance or a characteristic is equal to the original material, provided that the applied pretreatment procedure does not considerably alter the characteristic or the chemical nature of the substance to be analysed. It should be noted that every type of pretreatment will have an influence on several material properties. Important for both sampling and pretreatment are the particle size distribution and form and the degree of chemical heterogeneity of the sample in relation to the minimum required mass of the sample. In general it can be stated that the smal
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