EN ISO 18785-1:2021

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2021
Točkovno varjenje z gnetenjem - Aluminij - 1. del: Slovar (ISO 18785-1:2018)
Friction stir spot welding - Aluminium - Part 1: Vocabulary (ISO 18785-1:2018)
Rührreibpunktschweissen - Aluminium - Teil 1: Terminologie (ISO 18785-1:2018)
Soudage par friction-malaxage par points - Aluminium - Partie 1: Vocabulaire (ISO 18785
-1:2018)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 18785-1:2021
ICS:
01.040.25 Izdelavna tehnika (Slovarji) Manufacturing engineering
(Vocabularies)
25.160.10 Varilni postopki in varjenje Welding processes
77.120.10 Aluminij in aluminijeve zlitine Aluminium and aluminium
alloys
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 18785-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
January 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 01.040.25; 25.160.40
English Version
Friction stir spot welding - Aluminium - Part 1: Vocabulary
(ISO 18785-1:2018)
Soudage par friction-malaxage par points - Aluminium Rührreibpunktschweißen - Aluminium - Teil 1: Begriffe
- Partie 1: Vocabulaire (ISO 18785-1:2018) (ISO 18785-1:2018)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 December 2020.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 18785-1:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
The text of ISO 18785-1:2018 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/IIW "International
Institute of Welding” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken
over as EN ISO 18785-1:2021 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding and allied processes” the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2021, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by July 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 18785-1:2018 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 18785-1:2021 without any
modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 18785-1
First edition
2018-11
Friction stir spot welding —
Aluminium —
Part 1:
Vocabulary
Soudage par friction-malaxage par points — Aluminium —
Partie 1: Vocabulaire
Reference number
ISO 18785-1:2018(E)
©
ISO 2018
ISO 18785-1:2018(E)
© ISO 2018
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

ISO 18785-1:2018(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Description of Refill FSSW . 5
5 Description of Stitch FSSW . 6
6 Description of Swept FSSW . 7
7 Description of Swing FSSW . 8
Bibliography .10
ISO 18785-1:2018(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by the IIW, International Institute of Welding, Commission III, Resistance
welding, solid state welding and allied joining.
Any feedback, question or request for official interpretation related to any aspect of this document
should be directed to IIW via your national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be
found at www .iso .org/members .html.
A list of all parts in the ISO 18785 series can be found on the ISO website.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

ISO 18785-1:2018(E)
Introduction
Welding processes are widely used in the fabrication of engineered structures. During the second half
of the twentieth century, fusion welding processes, wherein fusion is obtained by the melting of parent
material and usually a filler metal, dominated the welding of large structures. In 1991, friction stir
welding (FSW), which is carried out entirely in the solid phase (no melting), was invented.
Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) processes are spot-like variants of the FSW process. Unlike FSW, there
is minimal or no traverse motion of the tool. In basic FSSW, the joint is created by plunging a rotating
tool into the work piece and retracting the tool out of the overlapping sheets. Other FSSW variants
include additional tool movements. Frictional heat is generated from the contact between the tool and
the material to be welded resulting in softening of this material. The softened material is stirred to form
a metallurgical connection which is aided by the forge action applied by the tool shoulder contacting
the upper sheet surface.
The increasing use of FSSW has created the need for a FSSW standard in order to ensure that welding
is carried out in the most effective way and that appropriate control is exercised over all aspects of the
operation. The ISO 18785 series focuses on the FSSW of aluminium because, at the time this document
was developed, the majority of commercial applications for FSW involved aluminium. Examples include
railway cars, consumer products, food processing equipment, automotive components, aerospace
structures, and marine vessels.
To be effective, welded structures should be free from serious problems in production and in service. To
achieve that goal, it is necessary to provide controls from the design phase through material selection,
fabrication, and inspection. For example, poor design can create serious and costly difficulties in the
workshop, on site, or in service. Incorrect material selection can result in welding problems such as
cracking. Welding procedures need to be correctly formulated and approved to avoid imperfections. To
ensure the fabrication of a quality product, management needs to understand the sources of potential
trouble and introduce appropriate quality and inspection procedures, and supervision should be
implemented to ensure that the specified quality is achieved.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18785-1:2018(E)
Friction stir spot welding — Aluminium —
Part 1:
Vocabulary
1 Scope
This document defines friction stir spot welding (FSSW) process terms and definitions.
In this document, the term "aluminium" refers to aluminium and its alloys.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 25239-1, Friction stir welding — Aluminium — Part 1: Vocabulary
ISO/TR 25901-1, Welding and Allied Processes — Vocabulary — Part 1 : General terms
ISO 14732, Welding personnel — Qualification testing of welding operators and weld setters for mechanized
and automatic welding of metallic materials
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 25239-1, ISO/TR 25901-1,
ISO 14732, and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
friction stir spot welding
FSSW
friction stir welding process producing a small aspect ratio, discrete lap weld by frictional heating and
mixing of material in the plastic state caused by the plunge and retraction of a rotating probe (3.2)
...