EN ISO 16283-2:2015

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2016
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 140-14:2005
SIST EN ISO 140-14:2005/AC:2009
SIST EN ISO 140-7:1999
$NXVWLND7HUHQVNDPHUMHQMD]YRþQHL]ROLUQRVWLYVWDYEDKLQVWDYEQLKHOHPHQWRY
GHO,]ROLUQRVWSUHGXGDUQLP]YRNRP,62
Acoustics - Field measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements -
Part 2: Impact sound insulation (ISO 16283-2:2015)
Akustik - Messung der Schalldämmung in Gebäuden und von Bauteilen am Bau - Teil 2:
Trittschalldämmung (ISO 16283-2:2015)
Acoustique - Mesurage in situ de l'isolation acoustique des bâtiments et des éléments de
construction - Partie 2: Isolation des bruits d'impacts (ISO 16283-2:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 16283-2:2015
ICS:
17.140.01 $NXVWLþQDPHUMHQMDLQ Acoustic measurements and
EODåHQMHKUXSDQDVSORãQR noise abatement in general
91.120.20 $NXVWLNDYVWDYEDK=YRþQD Acoustics in building. Sound
L]RODFLMD insulation
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 16283-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2015
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 91.120.20; 91.060.30 Supersedes EN ISO 140-14:2004, EN ISO 140-7:1998
English Version
Acoustics - Field measurement of sound insulation in
buildings and of building elements - Part 2: Impact sound
insulation (ISO 16283-2:2015)
Acoustique - Mesurage in situ de l'isolation acoustique Akustik - Messung der Schalldämmung in Gebäuden
des bâtiments et des éléments de construction - Partie und von Bauteilen am Bau - Teil 2: Trittschalldämmung
2: Isolation des bruits d'impacts (ISO 16283-2:2015) (ISO 16283-2:2015)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 April 2015.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 16283-2:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 16283-2:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43
"Acoustics" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 126 “Acoustic properties of building
elements and of buildings” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
aidentical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2016.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 140-7:1998, EN ISO 140-14:2004.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 16283-2:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16283-2:2015 without any
modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16283-2
First edition
2015-11-15
Acoustics — Field measurement of
sound insulation in buildings and of
building elements —
Part 2:
Impact sound insulation
Acoustique — Mesurage in situ de l’isolation acoustique des
bâtiments et des éléments de construction —
Partie 2: Isolation des bruits d’impacts
Reference number
ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015
ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
© ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Instrumentation . 5
4.1 General . 5
4.2 Calibration . 5
4.3 Verification . 5
5 Frequency range . 5
5.1 Tapping machine as the impact source . 5
5.2 Rubber ball as the impact source . 6
6 General . 6
7 Default procedure for sound pressure level measurement . 7
7.1 General . 7
7.2 Generation of sound field . 7
7.2.1 General. 7
7.2.2 Impact source positions for the tapping machine as impact source . 7
7.2.3 Impact source positions for the rubber ball as impact source . 8
7.3 Fixed microphone positions for the tapping machine or rubber ball as impact source . 8
7.3.1 General. 8
7.3.2 Number of measurements . 8
7.3.3 Tapping machine operated at more than one position . 8
7.3.4 Rubber ball operated at more than one position . 9
7.4 Mechanized continuously-moving microphone for the tapping machine as impact source 9
7.4.1 General. 9
7.4.2 Number of measurements . 9
7.4.3 Tapping machine operated at more than one position .10
7.5 Manually-scanned microphone for the tapping machine as impact source.10
7.5.1 General.10
7.5.2 Number of measurements .10
7.5.3 Tapping machine operated at more than one position .10
7.5.4 Circle .10
7.5.5 Helix .10
7.5.6 Cylindrical-type . .10
7.5.7 Three semicircles .11
7.6 Minimum distances for microphone positions .12
7.7 Averaging times for the tapping machine as impact source .12
7.7.1 Fixed microphone positions.12
7.7.2 Mechanized continuously-moving microphone.12
7.7.3 Manually scanned microphone .12
7.8 Calculation of energy-average sound pressure levels .12
7.8.1 Fixed microphone positions for the tapping machine as impact source .12
7.8.2 Mechanized continuously-moving microphone and manually-scanned
microphone for the tapping machine as impact source .13
7.8.3 Fixed microphone positions for the rubber ball as impact source .13
8 Low-frequency procedure for sound pressure level measurement for the tapping
machine as impact source .13
8.1 General .13
8.2 Generation of sound field .13
8.2.1 General.13
ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
8.2.2 Impact source positions .14
8.3 Microphone positions .14
8.4 Averaging time .15
8.5 Calculation of low-frequency energy-average impact sound pressure levels .15
9 Background noise (default and low-frequency procedure) .15
9.1 General .15
9.2 Correction to the signal level for background noise .16
10 Reverberation time in the receiving room (default and low-frequency procedure) .16
10.1 General .16
10.2 Generation of sound field .17
10.3 Default procedure .17
10.4 Low-frequency procedure .17
10.5 Interrupted noise method .18
10.6 Integrated impulse response method .18
11 Conversion to octave bands .18
12 Expression of results .18
13 Uncertainty .19
14 Test report .19
Annex A (normative) Impact sources .20
Annex B (normative) Requirements for loudspeakers used for reverberation
time measurements.26
Annex C (informative) Forms for the expression of results .27
Annex D (informative) Additional guidance .31
Annex E (informative) Horizontal measurements — Examples of suitable impact source
and microphone positions.35
Annex F (informative) Vertical measurements — Examples of suitable impact source and
microphone positions .39
Bibliography .42
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 2, Building
acoustics.
This first edition of ISO 16283-2 cancels and replaces ISO 140-7:1998 and ISO 140-14:2004, which have
been technically revised.
ISO 16283 consists of the following parts, under the general title Acoustics — Field measurement of
sound insulation in buildings and of building elements:
— Part 1: Airborne sound insulation
— Part 2: Impact sound insulation
— Part 3: Façade sound insulation
ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
Introduction
ISO 16283 (all parts) describes procedures for field measurements of sound insulation in buildings.
Airborne, impact and façade sound insulation are described in ISO 16283-1, ISO 16283-2 and
ISO 16283-3, respectively.
Field sound insulation measurements that were described previously in ISO 140-4, ISO 140-5, and
ISO 140-7 were a) primarily intended for measurements where the sound field could be considered
to be diffuse, and b) not explicit as to whether operators could be present in the rooms during the
measurement. ISO 16283 (all parts) differs from ISO 140-4, ISO 140-5, and ISO 140-7 in that a) it applies
to rooms in which the sound field might, or might not approximate to a diffuse field, b) it clarifies how
operators can measure the sound field using a hand-held microphone or sound level meter and c) it
includes additional guidance that was previously contained in ISO 140-14.
NOTE Survey test methods for field measurements of airborne and impact sound insulation are dealt with
in ISO 10052.
vi © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
Acoustics — Field measurement of sound insulation in
buildings and of building elements —
Part 2:
Impact sound insulation
1 Scope
This part of ISO 16283 specifies procedures to determine the impact sound insulation using sound
pressure measurements with an impact source operating on a floor or stairs in a building. These
3 3
procedures are intended for room volumes in the range from 10 m to 250 m in the frequency range
from 50 Hz to 5 000 Hz. The test results can be used to quantify, assess and compare the impact sound
insulation in unfurnished or furnished rooms where the sound field might, or might not approximate to
a diffuse field.
Two impact sources are described: the tapping machine and the rubber ball. These impact sources do
not exactly replicate all possible types of real impacts on floors or stairs in buildings.
The tapping machine can be used to assess a variety of light, hard impacts such as footsteps from
walkers wearing hard-heeled footwear or dropped objects. A single number quantity can be calculated
using the rating procedures in ISO 717-2. This single number quantity links the measured impact
sound insulation using the tapping machine to subjective assessment of general impacts in dwellings
that occur on floors or stairs in a building. The tapping machine is also well-suited to the prediction
of impact sound insulation using ISO 15712-2. These two aspects facilitate the specification of impact
sound insulation in national building requirements using only measurements with the tapping machine
as an impact source.
The rubber ball can be used to assess heavy, soft impacts such as from walkers in bare feet or children
jumping, as well as quantifying absolute values that can be related to human disturbance in terms of
a Fast time-weighted maximum sound pressure level. At present, calculation procedures for a single
number quantity do not currently exist in an ISO Standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable to its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 717-2, Acoustics — Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements — Part 2: Impact
sound insulation
ISO 3382-2, Acoustics — Measurement of room acoustic parameters — Part 2: Reverberation time in
ordinary rooms
ISO 12999-1, Acoustics — Determination and application of measurement uncertainties in building
acoustics — Part 1: Sound insulation
ISO 18233, Acoustics — Application of new measurement methods in building and room acoustics
IEC 60942, Electroacoustics — Sound calibrators
IEC 61183, Electroacoustics — Random-incidence and diffuse-field calibration of sound level meters
IEC 61260, Electroacoustics — Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters
ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics — Sound level meters — Part 1: Specifications
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply
3.1
energy-average impact sound pressure level in a room
L
i
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the space and time average of the squared sound
pressure to the square of the reference sound pressure where the impact source is the tapping machine
and the space average is taken over the central zone of the room where nearfield radiation from the
room boundaries has negligible influence
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i
3.2
corner impact sound pressure level in a room
L
i,Corner
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the highest time average squared sound pressure from
the set of corner measurements to the square of the reference sound pressure for the low-frequency
range (50 Hz, 63 Hz, and 80 Hz one-third octave bands) where the impact source is the tapping machine
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i,Corner
3.3
low-frequency energy-average impact sound pressure level in a room
L
i,LF
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the space and time average of the squared sound
pressure to the square of the reference sound pressure in the low-frequency range (50 Hz, 63 Hz, and
80 Hz one-third octave bands) where the impact source is the tapping machine and the space average
is a weighted average that is calculated using the room corners where the sound pressure levels are
highest and the central zone of the room where nearfield radiation from the room boundaries has
negligible influence
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i,LF
Note 2 to entry: L is an estimate of the energy-average sound pressure level for the entire room volume.
i,LF
3.4
energy-average maximum impact sound pressure level in a room
L
i,Fmax
ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the space average of the squared maximum sound
pressure with Fast time weighting to the square of the reference sound pressure where the impact
source is the rubber ball and the space average is taken over the central zone of the room where
nearfield radiation from the room boundaries has negligible influence
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i,Fmax
3.5
reverberation time
T
time required for the sound pressure level in a room to decrease by 60 dB after the sound source has
stopped
Note 1 to entry: T is expressed in seconds.
3.6
background noise level
measured sound pressure level in the receiving room from all sources except the impact source
2 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
3.7
fixed microphone
microphone that is fixed in space by using a device such as a tripod so that it is stationary
3.8
mechanized continuously moving microphone
microphone that is mechanically moved with approximately constant angular speed in a circle, or is
mechanically swept along a circular path where the angle of rotation about a fixed axis is between
270° and 360°
3.9
manually scanned microphone
microphone attached to a hand-held sound level meter or an extension rod that is moved by a human
operator along a prescribed path
3.10
manually held microphone
microphone attached to a hand-held sound level meter or a rod that is hand-held at a fixed position by a
human operator at a distance at least an arm’s length from the trunk of the operator’s body
3.11
partition
total surface of the floor or stair which is excited by the impact source
Note 1 to entry: For two rooms which are staggered vertically or horizontally, the total surface of the
separating partition is not visible from both sides of the partition; hence it is necessary to define the partition
as the total surface.
3.12
common partition
part of the floor or stair that is common to both the room in which the impact source is used and the
receiving room
3.13
standardized impact sound pressure level
’
L
nT
impact sound pressure level, L , reduced by a correction term which is given in decibels, being ten times
i
the common logarithm of the ratio of the measured reverberation time, T, to the reference reverberation
time, T , which is calculated using Formula (1) when the impact source is the tapping machine:
T
'
L =−L 10lg (1)
niT
T
where
T is the reverberation time in the receiving room;
T is the reference reverberation time; for dwellings, T = 0,5 s.
0 0
’
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
nT
Note 2 to entry: The impact sound pressure level is referenced to a reverberation time of 0,5 s because in
dwellings with furniture the reverberation time has been found to be reasonably independent of volume and
frequency and to be approximately equal to 0,5 s.
’
Note 3 to entry: L provides a straightforward link to the subjective impression of impact sound insulation.
nT
ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
3.14
normalized impact sound pressure level
’
L
n
impact sound pressure level, L , increased by a correction term which is given in decibels, being ten
i
times the common logarithm of the ratio between the measured equivalent absorption area, A, of the
receiving room and the reference equivalent absorption area, A , which is calculated using Formula (2)
when the impact source is the tapping machine:
A
'
L =+L 10lg (2)
ni
A
where
A is the equivalent absorption area in the receiving room;
A is the reference equivalent absorption area; for dwellings, A = 10 m .
0 0
’
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
n
3.15
standardized maximum impact sound pressure level
’
L
i,Fmax,V,T
maximum impact sound pressure level, L , increased by a correction term for room volume and
i,Fmax
reduced by a correction term for reverberation time and Fast time weighting which is calculated using
Formulae (3), (4) and (5) when the impact source is the rubber ball:
 −1 
 
−−1
−1
−−1 C
 1−C ( ) 
−1  () 
V 1−C CC−
'
  
L =+L 10lg −10lg (3)
iF,amix,VT, ,Fmax
−1
−1
 
V  −1 
1−C −1
−−1 C
( 0 )
1−C
()
  
CC−
0 0
 
 
T
C = (4)
1.7275
T
C= (5)
1.7275
where
T is the reverberation time in the receiving room;
T is the reference reverberation time; for dwellings, T = 0,5 s;
0 0
V is the receiving room volume, in cubic metres;
V is the reference receiving room volume; for dwellings, V = 50 m .
0 0
’
Note 1 to entry: L is expressed in decibels.
i,Fmax,V,T
Note 2 to entry: Background information can be found in Reference [15].
3.16
equivalent absorption area
A
hypothetical area of a totally absorbing surface without diffraction effects which, if it were the only
absorbing element in the room, would give the same reverberation time as the room under consideration
and is calculated using Sabine’s formula in Formula (6):
01, 6V
A= (6)
T
4 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
where
V is the receiving room volume, in cubic metres;
T is the reverberation time in the receiving room.
Note 1 to entry: A is expressed in square metres.
4 Instrumentation
4.1 General
The instruments for measuring sound pressure levels, including microphone(s) as well as cable(s),
windscreen(s), recording devices and other accessories, if used, shall meet the requirements for a class
0 or 1 instrument in accordance with IEC 61672-1 for random incidence application.
Filters shall meet the requirements for a class 0 or 1 instrument in accordance with IEC 61260.
The reverberation time measurement equipment shall comply with the requirements defined in
ISO 3382-2.
The impact sources shall meet the requirements given in Annex A.
4.2 Calibration
At the beginning and at the end of every measurement session and at least at the beginning and the end
of each measurement day, the entire sound pressure level measuring system shall be checked at one or
more frequencies by means of a sound calibrator meeting the requirements for a class 0 or 1 instrument
in accordance with IEC 60942. Each time the calibrator is used, the sound pressure level measured
with the calibrator should be noted in the field documentation of the operator. Without any further
adjustment, the difference between the readings of two consecutive checks shall be less or equal to
0,5 dB. If this value is exceeded, the results of measurements obtained after the previous satisfactory
check shall be discarded.
4.3 Verification
Compliance of the sound pressure level measuring instrument, the filters and the sound calibrator
with the relevant requirements shall be verified by the existence of a valid certificate of compliance.
If applicable, random incidence response of the microphone shall be verified by a procedure from
IEC 61183. All compliance testing shall be conducted by a laboratory being accredited or otherwise
nationally authorized to perform the relevant tests and calibrations and ensuring metrological
traceability to the appropriate measurement standards.
NOTE Unless national regulations dictate otherwise, it is recommended that the sound calibrator
be calibrated at intervals not exceeding one year, the compliance of the instrumentation system with the
requirements of IEC 61672–1 should be verified at intervals not exceeding two years, and the compliance of the
filter set with the requirements of IEC 61260 should be verified at intervals not exceeding two years.
5 Frequency range
5.1 Tapping machine as the impact source
All quantities shall be measured using one-third octave band filters having at least the following centre
frequencies, in hertz:
100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 315, 400, 500, 630, 800, 1 000, 1 250, 1 600, 2 000, 2 500, 3 150
ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
If additional information in the low-frequency range is required, use one-third octave band filters with
the following centre frequencies, in hertz:
50, 63, 80
If additional information in the high-frequency range is required, use one-third octave band filters with
the following centre frequencies, in hertz:
4 000, 5 000
NOTE Measurement of additional information in the low- and high-frequency ranges is optional.
5.2 Rubber ball as the impact source
All quantities shall be measured using one-third octave or octave band filters.
One-third octave band filters shall have at least the following centre frequencies, in hertz:
50, 63, 80, 100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 315, 400, 500, 630
6 General
Determination of the impact sound insulation in accordance to this part of ISO 16283 requires that one
room is chosen as the receiving room into which sound is radiated due to an impact source operating on
a partition. The room or space in which the impact source is operated is referred to as the source room.
The measurements that are required include the sound pressure levels in the receiving room with the
impact source operating, the background noise levels in the receiving room when the impact source is
switched off and the reverberation times in the receiving room.
Two impact sources are described: the tapping machine and the rubber ball.
Two measurement procedures are described that shall be used for the sound pressure level, the
reverberation time and the background noise; a default procedure and an additional low-frequency
procedure.
For the sound pressure level and the background noise, the default procedure requires measurements
to be taken in the central zone of a room at positions away from the room boundaries. With the
tapping machine as the impact source, the default procedure for all frequencies is to obtain the energy-
average sound pressure level using a fixed microphone or a manually-held microphone moved from
one position to another, an array of fixed microphones, a mechanized continuously moving microphone
or a manually scanned microphone. With the rubber ball as the impact source, the default procedure
for all frequencies is to obtain the energy-average sound pressure level using a fixed microphone or a
manually-held microphone moved from one position to another or an array of fixed microphones.
For the sound pressure level and the background noise with the tapping machine as the impact source,
the low-frequency procedure shall be used for the 50 Hz, 63 Hz, and 80 Hz one-third octave bands
in the receiving room when its volume is smaller than 25 m (calculated to the nearest cubic metre).
This procedure should be carried out in addition to the default procedure and requires additional
measurements of the sound pressure level in the corners of the receiving room using either a fixed
microphone or a manually-held microphone.
NOTE 1 The low-frequency procedure is necessary in small rooms due to large spatial variations in the
sound pressure level of the modal sound field. In these situations, corner measurements are used to improve the
repeatability, reproducibility and relevance to room occupants.
NOTE 2 The low-frequency procedure is not used with the rubber ball because no link has yet been shown
between any combination of measurements from the corners and central zone of a room for the maximum Fast
time-weighted sound pressure level and the maximum Fast time-weighted sound pressure level that is spatially
averaged over the entire room volume.
6 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
NOTE 3 If necessary to avoid hearing damage, hearing protection is worn by the operator when measuring the
sound pressure level in the source room and, if necessary, when measuring reverberation times in the receiving
room. When measuring sound pressure levels in the receiving room that will not cause hearing damage it is
advisable to remove any hearing protection so that the operator is aware of short external noise events that
could invalidate the measurement as well as helping the operator to minimize self-generated noise.
For the reverberation time, the low-frequency procedure shall be used for the 50 Hz, 63 Hz, and 80 Hz
one-third octave bands in the receiving room when its volume is smaller than 25 m (calculated to the
nearest cubic metre).
If using methods of signal processing for reverberation times described in ISO 18233, the measurements
shall be carried out using fixed microphones and shall not use a mechanized continuously-moving
microphone, manually-held microphone or a manually-scanned microphone.
The sound fields in typical rooms will rarely approximate to a diffuse sound field over the entire
frequency range from 50 Hz to 5000 Hz. The default and low-frequency procedures allow for
measurements to be taken without any knowledge as to whether the sound field can be considered as
diffuse or non-diffuse. For this reason, the sound field should not be modified for the purpose of the test
by temporarily introducing additional furniture or diffusers into the receiving room.
NOTE 4 If measurements with additional diffusion are required, for example due to regulatory requirements
or because the test result is to be compared with a laboratory measurement on a similar test element, the
introduction of three diffusers will usually be sufficient each with an area of at least 1,0 m .
All measurement methods for the default procedure or the low-frequency procedure are equivalent.
In case of dispute, the impact sound insulation determined using measurement methods without an
operator inside the receiving room shall be taken to be the reference result.
NOTE 5 A reference result is defined because the background noise level with manual scanning is prone to
variation in the self-generated noise from the operator. Significant variation does not tend to occur with fixed
microphones or a mechanized continuously-moving microphone.
7 Default procedure for sound pressure level measurement
7.1 General
Sound pressure level measurements shall be used to determine the average level in the central zone of
the receiving room with the impact source in operation, and the background noise level in the receiving
room when the impact source is not operational.
7.2 Generation of sound field
7.2.1 General
The impact sound shall be generated using the tapping machine or the rubber ball as the impact source.
7.2.2 Impact source positions for the tapping machine as impact source
The tapping machine shall be placed in at least four different positions randomly distributed on the
floor under test. The distance of the tapping machine from the edges of the floor shall be at least 0,5 m.
In the case of anisotropic floor constructions with beams, ribs, etc., more positions may be necessary.
The hammer connecting line should be orientated at 45° to the direction of the beams or ribs.
The impact sound pressure levels may reveal a time dependency after the tapping is started. In such a
case the measurements should not begin until the noise level has become steady. If stable conditions are
ISO 16283-2:2015(E)
not reached after 5 min, then the measurements should be carried out over a well-defined measurement
period. The measurement period shall be reported.
NOTE Time dependency sometimes occurs with soft or fragile floor surfaces as during each impact the
hammers can change the contact stiffness or damage the surface directly underneath the hammers.
When floors with soft coverings are un
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