EN 14363:2016+A2:2022
(Main)Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the acceptance of running characteristics of railway vehicles - Running Behaviour and stationary tests
Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the acceptance of running characteristics of railway vehicles - Running Behaviour and stationary tests
This European Standard defines the process for assessment of the running characteristics of railway vehicles for the European network of standard gauge tracks (nominally 1 435 mm).
In addition to the assessment of the running characteristics of vehicles for acceptance processes, this standard also defines quantities and dependencies that are not directly used for acceptance purposes. This information is for example intended for the validation of simulation models. It can also be used to define operating conditions outside the reference conditions to be used for the approval.
The assessment of running characteristics applies to vehicles which:
- are newly developed;
- have had relevant design modifications; or
- have changes in their operating conditions.
The assessment process is based on specified target test conditions (see 3.1) given in this document.
Experience over many years has demonstrated that vehicles complying with this standard can be operated safely on infrastructure with conditions more severe than the target test conditions, if the current general operating rules are applied. As an example it is generally current practice to restrict cant deficiency in curves below a certain radius. It may be necessary to adapt these operating rules, if a deterioration of the infrastructure conditions is observed. These operating rules are defined on a national basis. The procedure to evaluate these operating rules is out of the scope of this standard.
NOTE 1 There are margins included in the specified limit values and the statistical evaluation. They cannot be quantified, but they explain why vehicles can also be operated at full speed and cant deficiency in many cases outside of the target test conditions.
This standard also enables the demonstration of compliance against the target test conditions for the case that their combination is not achievable during tests. It is also possible to carry out the assessment of a vehicle for limited test conditions such as test zones 1 and 2 or reduced speed or reduced cant deficiency. In this case the approval of the vehicle shall be restricted accordingly.
NOTE 2 National regulations sometimes allow the increase or decrease of the values for speed, curve radius and cant deficiency for local operation based on safety considerations taking into account the local characteristics of the infrastructure (track layout, track structure, track geometrical quality and contact conditions). These local characteristics can be different from those included in the assessment for the vehicle acceptance.
NOTE 3 The methods of this standard can also be applied to gather information about the compatibility between the vehicle and infrastructure with conditions more severe than the target test conditions. The results of such investigations can be used to determine safe operating rules for such infrastructure conditions.
Where testing the vehicle demonstrates that the performance of a vehicle complies with the requirements of this standard when operating at maximum speed and maximum cant deficiency under infrastructure conditions that are more severe than the target test conditions, the obtained results are accepted and there is no need to carry out additional tests to fulfil the requirements defined in this standard.
This standard addresses four aspects:
1) Vehicles
The assessment of the running characteristics applies principally to all railway vehicles. The document contains acceptance criteria for all types of vehicles with nominal static vertical wheelset forces up to 225 kN (of the highest loaded wheelset of the vehicle in the assessed load configuration specified in 5.3.2). In addition for freight vehicles with nominal static vertical wheelset forces up to 250 kN the acceptance criteria are defined. The acceptance criteria given in this document apply to vehicles designed to operate on standard gauge tracks.
Bahnanwendungen - Versuche und Simulationen für die Zulassung der fahrtechnischen Eigenschaften von Eisenbahnfahrzeugen - Fahrverhalten und stationäre Versuche
Applications ferroviaires - Essais et simulations en vue de l'homologation des caractéristiques dynamiques des véhicules ferroviaires - Comportement dynamique et essais stationnaires
Železniške naprave - Preskušanje in simuliranje voznih karakteristik pri prevzemu železniških vozil - Preskušanje obnašanja med vožnjo in mirovanjem
Ta evropski standard določa postopek za ocenjevanje voznih karakteristik železniških vozil za evropsko omrežje standardnih profilnih tirnic (nominalno 1435 mm).
Poleg ocenjevanja voznih karakteristik vozil za prevzemne postopke standard določa tudi količine in odvisnosti, ki niso neposredno uporabljene za prevzemne namene. Te informacije so na primer namenjene za ovrednotenje simulacijskih modelov. Uporabljajo se lahko tudi za določanje obratovalnih pogojev zunaj referenčnih pogojev, ki bodo uporabljeni za odobritev.
Ocenjevanje voznih karakteristik se uporablja za:
– novo razvita vozila;
– vozila z bistveno spremenjeno zasnovo; ali
– vozila s spremenjenimi obratovalnimi pogoji.
Ocenjevalni postopek temelji na določenih ciljnih preskusnih pogojih (glej 3.1), podanih v tem dokumentu.
Večletne izkušnje so pokazale, da lahko vozila, ki so skladna s tem standardom, varno obratujejo na infrastrukturi v pogojih, ki so zahtevnejši od ciljnih pogojev, če so upoštevana veljavna splošna pravila glede obratovanja. Primer: v splošnem je trenutna praksa omejevanje primanjkljaja nadvišanja v krivinah, ki ne dosegajo določenega polmera. V primeru poslabšanja infrastrukturnih pogojev je morda treba prilagoditi pravila glede obratovanja. Ta pravila so določena na nacionalni ravni. Postopek za vrednotenje teh pravil ni zajet v tem standardu.
OPOMBA 1: V določenih mejnih vrednostih so vključene razlike in statistično vrednotenje. Ni jih mogoče kvantificirati, vendar pojasnjujejo, zakaj je vozila mogoče upravljati tudi pri polni hitrosti in primanjkljaju nadvišanja v mnogih primerih izven ciljnih preskusnih pogojev.
Standard prav tako omogoča prikaz skladnosti glede na ciljne preskusne pogoje v primeru, da takšne kombinacije med preskušanjem ni mogoče doseči. Vrednotenje vozila je mogoče opraviti tudi za omejene preskusne pogoje, kot sta preskusni coni 1 in 2 ali zmanjšana hitrost ali zmanjšan primanjkljaj nadvišanja. V tem primeru je treba ustrezno omejiti odobritev vozil.
OPOMBA 2: Nacionalni predpisi včasih dovoljujejo povečanje ali zmanjšanje vrednosti za hitrost, polmer krivine in primanjkljaj nadvišanja za lokalno obratovanje na podlagi varnostnih napotkov ter ob upoštevanju lokalnih karakteristik infrastrukture (razporeditev tirov, struktura tirov, geometrijska kakovost tirov in kontaktni pogoji). Te lokalne karakteristike se lahko razlikujejo od tistih, ki so vključene v ocenjevanje za prevzem vozila.
OPOMBA 3: Metode iz tega standarda je mogoče uporabiti tudi za zbiranje informacij o združljivosti vozila in infrastrukture pri pogojih, ki so zahtevnejši od ciljnih pogojev preskušanja. Rezultate takšnih preiskav je mogoče uporabiti za določitev pravil glede varnega obratovanja v takšnih infrastrukturnih pogojih.
Če preskus pokaže, da vozilo ob največji hitrosti in največjem primanjkljaju nadvišanja v infrastrukturnih pogojih, ki so zahtevnejši od ciljnih preskusnih pogojev, obratuje v skladu z zahtevami tega standarda, se pridobljene rezultate sprejme in dodatno preskušanje za izpolnitev zahtev, določenih v tem standardu, ni potrebno.
Ta standard obravnava štiri vidike:
1) Vozila
Ocenjevanje voznih karakteristik se v glavnem uporablja za vsa železniška vozila. Dokument vsebuje prevzemne kriterije za vse vrste vozil z nazivno statično vertikalno silo kolesne dvojice do 225 kN (najbolj obremenjene kolesne dvojice vozila v ocenjeni konfiguraciji obremenitve, kot je določeno v točki 5.3.2). Prav tako so določeni prevzemni kriteriji za tovorna vozila z nazivno statično vertikalno silo kolesne dvojice do 250 kN. Prevzemni kriteriji v tem dokumentu veljajo za vozila, ki obratujejo na standardnih profilnih tirnicah.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2022
Železniške naprave - Preskušanje in simuliranje voznih karakteristik pri prevzemu
železniških vozil - Preskušanje obnašanja med vožnjo in mirovanjem
Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the acceptance of running
characteristics of railway vehicles - Running Behaviour and stationary tests
Bahnanwendungen - Versuche und Simulationen für die Zulassung der fahrtechnischen
Eigenschaften von Eisenbahnfahrzeugen - Fahrverhalten und stationäre Versuche
Applications ferroviaires - Essais et simulations en vue de l'homologation des
caractéristiques dynamiques des véhicules ferroviaires - Comportement dynamique et
essais stationnaires
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 14363:2016+A2:2022
ICS:
45.060.01 Železniška vozila na splošno Railway rolling stock in
general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 14363:2016+A2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 45.060.01 Supersedes EN 14363:2016+A1:2018
English Version
Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the
acceptance of running characteristics of railway vehicles -
Running Behaviour and stationary tests
Applications ferroviaires - Essais et simulations en vue Bahnanwendungen - Versuche und Simulationen für
de l'homologation des caractéristiques dynamiques des die Zulassung der fahrtechnischen Eigenschaften von
véhicules ferroviaires - Comportement dynamique et Eisenbahnfahrzeugen - Fahrverhalten und stationäre
essais stationnaires Versuche
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 July 2018 and includes Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 18 July 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 14363:2016+A2:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 8
Introduction . 10
1 Scope . 12
2 Normative references . 14
3 Terms and definitions . 15
4 Deviations from requirements . 17
5 Test requirements . 18
5.1 Measuring uncertainty . 18
5.2 Test extent . 18
5.2.1 General . 18
5.2.2 Fault modes . 18
5.3 Test vehicle . 19
5.3.1 Selection and status of the vehicle . 19
5.3.2 Loading conditions . 19
5.3.3 Distribution of static wheel forces . 20
5.4 Assessment of test result . 20
5.5 Documentation of test . 21
6 First stages assessment . 22
6.1 Safety against derailment on twisted track . 22
6.1.1 General . 22
6.1.2 Signal processing . 23
6.1.3 Rail test conditions . 23
6.1.4 Vehicle test conditions . 24
6.1.5 Test methods . 26
6.2 Safety against derailment under longitudinal compressive forces in S-shaped curves . 41
6.3 Evaluation of the torsional coefficient of a vehicle body . 41
6.4 Determination of displacement characteristics . 41
6.5 Loading of the diverging branch of a switch . 41
6.6 Running safety in curved crossings for vehicles with small wheels . 42
7 Second stage – dynamic performance assessment . 42
7.1 General . 42
7.2 Choice of measuring method . 43
7.2.1 General . 43
7.2.2 Base conditions for the use of the simplified measuring method and measurement of
axle box forces . 45
7.2.3 Simplifications for separate stability testing . 45
7.3 Performing on-track tests . 46
7.3.1 General . 46
7.3.2 Test zones and track sections . 52
7.3.3 Extent of tests . 53
7.3.4 Test operation . 54
7.4 Measured quantities and measuring points . 54
7.5 Assessment quantities and limit values . 56
7.5.1 General . 56
7.5.2 Running safety . 62
EN 14363:2016+A1:2018+A2:2022 (E)
7.5.3 Track loading . 63
7.5.4 Ride characteristics . 63
7.6 Test evaluation . 63
7.6.1 Overview . 63
7.6.2 Recording the measuring signals . 64
7.6.3 Statistical evaluation in test zones . 65
7.6.4 Evaluation of test results in transition curves . 73
7.6.5 Verification of stability . 73
7.7 Documentation . 73
7.7.1 General . 73
7.7.2 Description of the vehicle design and status of the tested vehicle . 73
7.7.3 Additional information for future extension of acceptance . 74
7.7.4 Description of the test routes . 74
7.7.5 Description of data capture . 74
7.7.6 Description of evaluation . 74
7.7.7 Test results (including additional information for model validation) . 74
7.7.8 Deficiencies in reaching the target test conditions . 76
7.7.9 Infrastructure conditions more severe than the target test conditions . 76
Annex A (informative) Information on safety against derailment . 77
A.1 Factors influencing the safety against derailment of vehicles running on twisted
track . 77
A.1.1 General . 77
A.1.2 Wheel unloading influences . 77
A.1.3 Guiding force influences. 77
A.2 Evaluation and limit value for safety against derailment . 78
A.3 Friction conditions during testing on special track . 79
A.4 Special conditions for vehicles with air springs . 81
A.4.1 General . 81
A.4.2 4-point levelling systems . 82
A.4.3 3-point levell
...
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