EN 15316-4-2:2008

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.VLVWHPLHeizsysteme in Gebäuden - Verfahren zur Berechnung des Energiebedarfs und der Nutzungsgrade der Systeme - Teil 4-2: Wärmeerzeugung für die Raumheizung, WärmepumpensystemeSystemes de chauffage dans les bâtiments - Méthode de calcul des besoins énergétiques et d'efficacité des systemes - Partie 2-2-2 : Systemes de génération de chauffage des locaux - Systemes de pompes a chaleurHeating systems in buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 4-2: Space heating generation systems, heat pump systems91.140.10Sistemi centralnega ogrevanjaCentral heating systemsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15316-4-2:2008SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008en,de01-november-2008SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 15316-4-2June 2008ICS 91.140.10 English VersionHeating systems in buildings - Method for calculation of systemenergy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 4-2: Spaceheating generation systems, heat pump systemsSystèmes de chauffage dans les bâtiments - Méthode decalcul des besoins énergétiques et des rendements dessystèmes - Partie 4-2 : Systèmes de génération dechauffage des locaux, systèmes de pompes à chaleurHeizungsanlagen in Gebäuden - Verfahren zur Berechnungder Energieanforderungen und Nutzungsgrade der Anlagen- Teil 4-2: Wärmeerzeugung für die Raumheizung,WärmepumpensystemeThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 May 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15316-4-2:2008: ESIST EN 15316-4-2:2008

(system typology method).22 5.2.1 Principle of the system typology method.22 5.2.2 Calculation procedure of the system typology method.23 5.3 Detailed case specific seasonal performance method based on component efficiency
(bin-method).24 5.3.1 Principle of the bin method.24 5.3.2 Input data for the calculation with the bin method.28 5.3.3 Calculation steps to be performed in the bin method.29 5.3.4 Heat energy requirements for space heating and domestic hot water mode for the bins.33 5.3.5 Heating capacity and COP at full load.34 5.3.6 COP at part load operation.38 5.3.7 Thermal losses through the generator envelope.39 5.3.8 Calculation of back-up heater.40 5.3.9 Running time of the heat pump.48 5.3.10 Auxiliary energy.55 5.3.11 Total thermal losses and recoverable thermal loss of the generation subsystem.56 5.3.12 Calculation of total energy input.58 5.3.13 Summary of output values.63 Annex A (informative)
Example of evaluation of meteorological data.64 Annex B (informative)
Default values of parameters for the case specific seasonal performance method.69 B.1 Controller setting of flow temperature (heating characteristic curve).69 B.2 Temperature correction factor for domestic hot water storage loading.70 B.3 Average water temperature of domestic hot water storages.70 B.4 Generator envelope.70 B.5 Generation subsystem auxiliaries.71 B.6 Factor fcombi for simultaneous operation.71 B.7 Temperature reduction factor linked to location.71 B.8 Efficiency value of the electrical back-up heater for space heating or DHW operation.72 SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008

Calculation method for source and sink temperature correction with fixed exergetic efficiency.73 Annex D (informative)
Calculation example.77 D.1 Detailed calculation example.77 D.1.1 System configuration.77 D.1.2 Input data for the calculation (according to 5.3.2).77 D.1.3 Calculation.80 D.2 Calculation example (spreadsheet format).99 D.2.1 System configuration.99 D.2.2 Input data for the calculation (according to 5.3.2).99 D.2.3 Calculation.100 Annex E (informative)
Example for tabulated values of the system typology method
as national annex for the Netherlands.104 E.1 General.104 E.2 Scope.104 E.3 References.104 E.4 Heat pump seasonal performance.104 E.4.1 Residential buildings.104 E.4.2 Non-residential buildings.105 E.5 Heat pump installation efficiency.106 E.6 Heat pump installation energy consumption.108 E.7 Heat pump installation auxiliary energy consumption.108 Annex F (informative)
Example values for parameters to accomplish the case specific heat pump calculation method (bin method).109 F.1 General.109 F.2 Temperatures.109 F.2.1 Source temperatures.109 F.3 Example values for heating capacity and coefficient of performance for electrically driven heat pumps.111 F.3.1 General.111 F.3.2 Heating capacity.111 F.3.3 COP.114 F.4 Gas engine-driven heat pumps.116 F.4.1 Preface.116 F.4.2 Heating capacity.117 F.4.3 COP.119 F.5 Absorption heat pumps.121 F.5.1 General.121 F.5.2 NH3/H20 heat pumps – outside air-to-water.122 F.5.3 NH3/H20 heat pumps – brine-to-water.123 F.5.4 NH3/H20 heat pumps – water-to-water.124 F.5.5 H20/LiBr double effect heat pumps.125 F.6 Heat pumps with domestic hot water production (DHW) - Heating capacity of domestic hot water heat pumps.126 Bibliography.127
Part 4-5: Space heating generation systems, the performance and quality of district heating and large volume systems Part 4-6: Heat generation systems, photovoltaic systems
Part 4-7: Space heating generation systems, biomass combustion systems According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
(EN 15316-1 [9]). The energy performance can be assessed by determining either the heat generation sub-system efficiencies or the heat generation sub-system losses due to the system configuration. This European Standard presents methods for calculation of the additional energy requirements of a heat generation sub-system in order to meet the distribution sub-system demand. The calculation is based on the performance characteristics of the products given in product standards and on other characteristics required to evaluate the performance of the products as included in the system. Product data, e.g. heating capacity or COP of the heat pump, shall be determined according to European test methods. If no European methods exist, national methods can be used. This method can be used for the following applications:  judging compliance with regulations expressed in terms of energy targets;  optimisation of the energy performance of a planned heat generation sub-system, by applying the method to several possible options;  assessing the effect of possible energy conservation measures on an existing heat generation sub-system, by calculating of the energy use with and without the energy conservation measure. Only the calculation method is normative. The user shall refer to other European Standards or to national documents for input data. Additional values necessary to complete the calculations are to be given in a national annex, if no national annex is available, default values are given in an informative annex where appropriate. 1 Scope This European Standard covers heat pumps for space heating, heat pump water heaters (HPWH) and heat pumps with combined space heating and domestic hot water production in alternate or simultaneous operation, where the same heat pump delivers the heat to cover the space heating and domestic hot water heat requirement. The scope of this part is to standardise the:  required inputs,  calculation methods,  resulting outputs, for heat generation by the following heat pump systems, including control, for space heating and domestic hot water production:  electrically-driven vapour compression cycle (VCC) heat pumps,  combustion engine-driven vapour compression cycle heat pumps, SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008

Surface water
Ground water
2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 255-3:1997, Air conditioners, liquid chilling packages and heat pumps with electrically driven compressors — Heating mode — Part 3: Testing and requirements for marking for sanitary hot water units EN 308, Heat exchangers — Test procedures for establishing performance of air to air and flue gases heat recovery devices EN 14511:2007 (all parts), Air conditioners, liquid chilling packages and heat pumps with electrically driven compressors for space heating and cooling CEN/TS 14825:2003, Air conditioners, liquid chilling packages and heat pumps with electrically driven compressors for space heating and cooling — Testing and rating at part load conditions prEN 15203, Energy performance of buildings — Application of calculation of energy use to existing buildings EN 15316-2-3, Heating systems in buildings — Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies — Part 2-3: Space heating distribution systems EN 15316-3-2, Heating systems in buildings — Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies — Part 3-2: Domestic hot water systems, distribution EN 15316-3-3, Heating systems in buildings — Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies — Part 3-3: Domestic hot water systems, generation EN 15316-4-1, Heating systems in buildings — Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies — Part 4-1: Space heating generation systems, combustion systems (boilers) SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008

3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345:1995 and the following apply. 3.1.1
alternate operation production of heat energy for the space heating and domestic hot water system by a heat generator with double service by switching the heat generator either to the domestic hot water operation or the space heating operation 3.1.2
application rating conditions mandatory rated conditions within the operating range of the unit that are published by the manufacturer or supplier 3.1.3
auxiliary energy electrical energy used by technical building systems for heating, cooling, ventilation and/or domestic hot water to support energy transformation to satisfy energy needs NOTE 1 This includes energy for fans, pumps, electronics, etc. Electrical energy input to the ventilation system for air transport and heat recovery is not considered as auxiliary energy, but as energy use for ventilation. NOTE 2 In EN ISO 9488 [15], the energy used for pumps and valves is called "parasitic energy". NOTE 3 In the frame of this standard, the driving energy input for electrically-driven heat pumps in the system boundary of the COP according to EN 14511 and an electrical back-up heater is not entitled auxiliary energy but only additional electrical input not considered in the COP. 3.1.4
balance point temperature temperature at which the heat pump heating capacity and the building heat load are equal 3.1.5
bin statistical temperature class (sometimes a class interval) for the outdoor air temperature, with the class limits expressed in a temperature unit 3.1.6
building services services provided by technical building systems and by appliances to provide indoor climate conditions, domestic hot water, illumination levels and other services related to the use of the building SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008

calculation period period of time over which the calculation is performed NOTE The calculation period can be divided into a number of calculation steps. 3.1.8
calculation step discrete time interval for the calculation of the energy needs and uses for heating, cooling, humidification and dehumidification NOTE 1 Typical discrete time intervals are one hour, one month or one heating and/or cooling season, operating modes, and bins. NOTE 2 In the frame of the bin method, calculation steps are based on outdoor temperature classes. 3.1.9
coefficient of performance COP ratio of the heating capacity to the effective power input of the unit 3.1.10
cumulative frequency frequency of the outdoor air temperature cumulated over all 1 K bins 3.1.11
cut-out period time period in which the electricity supply to the heat pump is interrupted by the supplying utility 3.1.12
domestic hot water heating process of heat supply to raise the temperature of the cold water to the intended delivery temperature
3.1.13
effective power input average power input of the unit within the defined interval of time obtained from:  the power input for operation of the compressor or burner and any power input for defrosting;  the power input for all control and safety devices of the unit;  the proportional power input of the conveying devices (e.g. fans, pumps) for ensuring the transport of the heat transfer media inside the unit 3.1.14
electrically-driven heat pump in the frame of this European Standard, electrically-driven heat pumps denote vapour compression cycle heat pumps, which incorporate a compressor that is driven by an electric motor 3.1.15
energy need for domestic hot water heat to be delivered to the needed amount of domestic hot water to raise its temperature from the cold network temperature to the prefixed delivery temperature at the delivery point, not taking into account the technical building thermal systems 3.1.16
energy need for heating or cooling heat to be delivered to or extracted from a conditioned space to maintain the intended temperature during a given period of time, not taking into account the technical building thermal systems NOTE 1 The energy need is calculated and cannot easily be measured. SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008

energy use for space heating or cooling or domestic hot water energy input to the heating, cooling or domestic hot water system to satisfy the energy need for heating, cooling (including dehumidification) or domestic hot water, respectively NOTE If the technical building system serves several purposes (e.g. heating and domestic hot water) it can be difficult to split the energy use into that used for each purpose. It can be indicated as a combined quantity (e.g. energy need for space heating and domestic hot water). 3.1.18
frequency (statistical) frequency of an event is the number of times the event occurred in the sample. The frequencies are often graphically represented in histograms. In the frame of this European Standard, the frequency of the outdoor air temperature is evaluated based on a sample of hourly-averaged data for one year 3.1.19
heat generator with double service heat generator which supplies energy to two different systems, e.g. the space heating system and the domestic hot water system in alternate or simultaneous combined operation 3.1.20
heat pump unitary or split-type assemblies designed as a unit to transfer heat. It includes a vapour compression refrigeration system or a refrigerant/sorbent pair to transfer heat from the source by means of electrical or thermal energy at a high temperature to the heat sink 3.1.21
heat recovery heat generated by a technical building system or linked to a building use (e.g. domestic hot water) which is utilised directly in the related system to lower the heat input and which would otherwise be wasted (e.g. preheating of the combustion air by flue gas heat exchanger) 3.1.22
heat transfer medium any medium (water, air, etc.) used for the transfer of the heat without change of state. It can be:  the fluid cooled by the evaporator;  the fluid heated by the condenser;  the fluid circulating in the heat recovery heat exchanger 3.1.23
heated space room or enclosure which for the purposes of the calculation is assumed to be heated to a given set-point temperature or set-point temperatures 3.1.24
heating capacity ΦΦΦΦg heat given off by the unit to the heat transfer medium per unit of time NOTE If heat is removed from the indoor heat exchanger for defrosting, it is taken into account. 3.1.25
heating or cooling season period of the year during which a significant amount of energy for heating or cooling is needed SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008

internal temperature arithmetic average of the air temperature and the mean radiant temperature at the centre of the occupied zone NOTE This is the approximate operative temperature according to EN ISO 7726 [14]. 3.1.27
low temperature cut-out temperature at which heat pump operation is stopped and the total heat requirements are covered by a back-up heater 3.1.28
operating range range indicated by the manufacturer and limited by the upper and lower limits of use (e.g. temperatures, air humidity, voltage) within which the unit is deemed to be fit for use and has the characteristics published by the manufacturer 3.1.29
part load operation operation state of the technical system (e.g. heat pump) where the actual load requirement is below the actual output capacity of the device 3.1.30
part load ratio ratio between the generated heat during the calculation period and the maximum possible output from the heat generator during the same calculation period 3.1.31
primary pump pump mounted in the circuit containing the generator and hydraulic decoupling, e.g. a heating buffer storage in parallel configuration or a hydraulic distributor 3.1.32
produced heat heat produced by the generator subsystems, i.e. the heat produced to cover the energy requirement of the distribution subsystem and the generation subsystem heat losses for space heating and/or domestic hot water 3.1.33
recoverable system thermal loss part of the system thermal loss which can be recovered to lower either the energy need for heating or cooling or the energy use of the heating or cooling system 3.1.34
recovered system thermal loss part of the recoverable system thermal loss which has been recovered to lower either the energy need for heating or cooling or the energy use of the heating or cooling system 3.1.35
seasonal performance factor SPF in the frame of this European Standard, the ratio of the total annual energy delivered to the distribution subsystem for space heating and/or domestic hot water to the total annual input of driving energy (electricity in case of electrically-driven heat pumps and fuel/heat in case of combustion engine-driven heat pumps or absorption heat pumps) plus the total annual input of auxiliary energy SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008

set-point temperature of a conditioned zone internal (minimum intended) temperature, as fixed by the control system in normal heating mode, or internal (maximum intended) temperature, as fixed by the control system in normal cooling mode 3.1.37
simultaneous operation simultaneous production of heat energy for the space heating and domestic hot water system by a heat generator with double service, e.g. by refrigerant desuperheating or condensate subcooling 3.1.38
space heating process of heat supply for thermal comfort 3.1.39
standard rating condition mandatory condition that is used for marking and for comparison or certification purposes 3.1.40
system thermal losses thermal loss from a technical building system for heating, cooling, domestic hot water, humidification, dehumidification, ventilation or lighting that does not contribute to the useful output of the system NOTE Thermal energy recovered directly in the subsystem is not considered as a system thermal loss but as heat recovery and is directly treated in the related system standard. 3.1.41
technical building system technical equipment for heating, cooling, ventilation, domestic hot water, lighting and electricity production composed by sub-systems NOTE 1 A technical building system can refer to one or to several building services (e.g. heating system, space heating and domestic hot water system). NOTE 2 Electricity production can include cogeneration and photovoltaic systems. 3.1.42
technical bulding sub-system part of a technical building system that performs a specific function (e.g. heat generation, heat distribution, heat emission) SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008

Table 3 — Abbreviations ATTD Accumulated time-temperature difference DHW Domestic hot water SH Space heating TTD Time-temperature difference VCC Vapour compression cycle VAC Vapour absorption cycle SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008

limit es storage values accor-
ding to EN 255-3:1997,
phase 4 on running, in
operation θhlim upper temperature
limit ex exergetic opr operating,
operation limit amb ambient f flow out output from
subsystem aux auxiliary gen generation subsystem p pipe avg average H space heating r return bal balance point hot hot process side rbl recoverable bu back-up (heater) ho hour rvd recovered cap lack of capacity hp heat pump st storage co cut-out i internal sby stand-by cold cold process side in input to subsystem sk sink combi combined operation j index, referring to bin j sngl single (operation) crnt carnot k index sc source dis distribution subsystem ls loss standard according to standard
testing des at design conditions ltc low temperature cut-out tot total e external max maximum w water, heat transfer
medium eff effective n nominal W domestic hot water
(DHW),
DHW operation
NOTE The indices specifying the symbols in this standard are put in the following order:  the first index represents the type of energy use (H = space heating, W = domestic hot water). If the equation can be applied for different energy uses by using the values of the respective operation mode,
the first level index is omitted;  the second index represents the subsystem or generator (gen = generation, dis = distribution, hp = heat pump, st = storage, etc.);  the third index represents the type (ls= losses, gs = gains, in = input, etc.);  other indices can be used for more details (rvd = recovered, rbl = recoverable, i = internal, etc.);  a prefix n means non, rbl - recoverable, nrbl – non-recoverable. The indices are separated by a comma. SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008

Key
1 heat source system (here: vertical borehole heat
exchanger) 2 source pump 3 heat pump 4 DHW storage loading pump 5 DHW storage 6 DHW back-up heater 7 primary pump 8 DHW hot water outlet 9 heating buffer storage 10 space heating back-up heater 11 circulation pump space heating distribution
subsystem 12 heat emission subsystem 13 DHW cold water inlet Figure 1 — System boundary of the generation subsystem
Key
1 driving energy input to cover the heat requirement
(e.g. electricity, fuel) EHW,gen,in 2 ambient heat used as heat source of the heat pump
QHW,gen,in 3 heat output of the generation subsystem correspon-
ding to the heat requirement of the distribution sub-
system(s) QHW,gen,out = QHW,dis,in 4 generation subsystem thermal losses QHW,gen,ls 5 generation subsystem thermal loss (thermal part)
recoverable for space heating QHW,gen,ls,rbl 6 generation subsystem thermal loss (thermal part) non- recoverable QHW,gen,ls,nrbl 7 generation subsystem thermal loss recoverable for
space heating QHW,gen,ls,rbl,tot 8 generation subsystem total auxiliary energy
WHW,gen,aux 9 generation subsystem recovered auxiliary energy
QHW,gen,aux,ls,rvd 10 generation subsystem unrecovered auxiliary energy
QHW,gen,aux,ls 11 generation subsystem recoverable auxiliary energy
QHW,gen,aux,ls,rbl 12 generation subsystem non-recoverable auxiliary
energy QHW,gen,aux,ls,nrbl 13 generation subsystem Figure 2 — Energy balance of generation subsystem The numbers indicated in Figure 2 refer to the percentage of the energy flows to cover the distribution subsystem heat requirement (100 %). They are intended to give an idea of the size of the respective energy flows. The numbers vary dependent on the physical factors listed before. The numbers given in Figure 2 refer to an electrically-driven ground-source heat pump in monovalent space heating-only operation including a heating buffer storage. SIST EN 15316-4-2:2008

distribution subsystem;
QHW,gen,out is the heat energy requirement of the distribution subsystems; (J) QHW,gen,ls is the thermal losses of the generation subsystem; (J) QHW,gen,in is the ambient heat energy used as heat source of the heat pump; (J) kgen,aux,ls,rvd is the recovered fraction of auxiliary energy ; (-) WHW,gen,aux is the auxiliary energy input to operate the generation subsystem. (J) In case of electrically-driven heat pumps:  the term EHW,gen,in is the electrical energy input to cove
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