EN 16286-1:2024

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2024
Železniške naprave - Prehodni sistemi med vozili - 1. del: Glavne vrste uporabe
Railway applications - Gangway systems between vehicles - Part 1: Main applications
Bahnanwendungen - Übergangssysteme zwischen Fahrzeugen - Teil 1:
Hauptanwendungen
Applications ferroviaires - Systèmes d'intercirculation entre véhicules - Partie 1:
Applications générales
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16286-1:2024
ICS:
45.060.01 Železniška vozila na splošno Railway rolling stock in
general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 16286-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2024
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 45.060.20 Supersedes EN 16286-1:2013
English Version
Railway applications - Gangway systems between vehicles
- Part 1: Main applications
Applications ferroviaires - Systèmes d'intercirculation Bahnanwendungen - Übergangssysteme zwischen
entre véhicules - Partie 1: Applications générales Fahrzeugen - Teil 1: Hauptanwendungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 September 2024.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16286-1:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
3.1 General definition . 8
3.2 nominal geometric dimensions . 8
3.3 relative movements of the vehicles . 11
3.4 vehicle connection types . 14
3.5 Gangway system . 15
3.6 Typical parts of a gangway system . 15
3.7 types of gangway systems . 16
4 Abbreviated terms . 17
5 General. 17
5.1 Description of the system . 17
5.2 Environmental resistance . 17
6 Vehicle body coordinate system . 17
7 Technical requirements . 18
7.1 General. 18
7.2 Mass . 18
7.3 Geometry . 18
7.3.1 Outer gangway dimensions . 18
7.3.2 Clearway . 18
7.3.3 Clearway for wheelchairs . 19
7.3.4 Length. 20
7.3.5 Steps and ramps . 21
7.4 Relative movements . 22
7.5 Load requirements . 23
7.5.1 Vertical load applied to floor system . 23
7.5.2 Dynamic loads on gangway system and fixation . 23
7.5.3 Horizontal load . 23
7.5.4 Aerodynamic loads . 24
7.5.5 Pressure tightness . 24
7.6 Water tightness. 24
7.7 Crash behaviour . 24
7.8 Earthing . 24
7.9 Vandalism . 24
7.10 Fire protection . 24
7.11 Acoustic requirements . 24
7.12 Thermal insulation . 25
7.13 Lifetime . 25
7.14 Handrails. 25
7.15 Other requirements . 25
8 Interfaces with the vehicle . 25
8.1 General . 25
8.2 Mechanical interfaces . 25
8.3 Adjoining components . 27
8.3.1 General . 27
8.3.2 Inter-vehicle connections . 27
8.3.3 Gangway doors and separating elements . 28
8.3.4 Tail and head lights . 28
9 Testing . 28
9.1 Mass measurement . 28
9.2 Movement test . 28
9.3 Wheelchair and service trolley test . 34
9.4 Pressure tightness test . 34
9.5 Water tightness test . 35
9.6 Acoustic measurements . 35
9.7 Endurance test . 35
10 Maintenance . 36
10.1 General . 36
10.2 Installation . 36
10.3 Operational handling . 36
10.4 Cleaning of a gangway . 36
10.5 Removal of graffiti . 36
10.6 Repair instructions . 36
Annex A (informative) Rubber tube gangways . 37
A.1 General . 37
A.2 Construction requirements . 37
Annex B (informative) Interconnecting gangways for coaches travelling at speeds of up to
200 km/h on high-speed lines with tunnel sections . 42
Annex C (informative) Endurance test parameters and test criteria . 43
C.1 General . 43
C.2 Pass/fail criteria . 44
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
requirements of Directive (EU) 2016/797 aimed to be covered . 46
Bibliography . 48

European foreword
This document (EN 16286-1:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2025, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2025.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 16286-1:2013.
1:2013:
— Scope has been modified and adopted to current wording of EN 17343;
— Normative references have been updated;
— Terms and definitions have been revised;
— 7.3.1 “Outer gangway dimensions” has been revised;
— 7.3.2 “Clearway” has been revised;
— 7.3.3 “Clearway for wheelchairs” has been revised;
— 7.3.5 “Steps and ramps” has been revised;
— 7.4 “Relative movements” has been revised;
— 7.5.1 “Vertical load applied to floor system” has been revised;
— 7.5.4 “Aerodynamic loads” has been revised;
— New 7.14 “Handrails” has been added;
— 7.15 “Other requirements” (former 7.9) has been revised;
— 8.2 “Mechanical interfaces” has been revised;
— 9.2 “Movement test” has been revised;
— 9.3 “Wheelchair and service trolley test” has been revised;
— 9.4 “Pressure tightness test” has been revised;
— 9.5 “Water tightness” has been revised;
— New 9.7 “Endurance test” has been added;
— 10.4 “Cleaning of a gangway” has been revised;
— New 10.6 “Repair instructions” has been added;
— Annex A has been and changed to “informative”;
— New informative Annex C “Endurance test parameters and test criteria” has been added;
— Update of Annex ZA.
This series of European Standards EN 16286, Railway applications — Gangway systems between vehicles,
consists of the following parts:
— Part 1: Main applications
— Part 2: Acoustic measurements
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European
Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its
Member States.
For the relationship with EU Legislation, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Introduction
The railway system requires technical rules for train concepts with flexible connections which allow
passage from one vehicle to the next vehicle (or between vehicle modules). This document describes
main requirements for the design and validation of gangway systems.
The requirements set out in this document are based on long-term existing practices and procedures
developed and currently in use by railway undertakings and industry. The application of these systems
has changed over the years.
For many years the majority of gangway systems consisted of rubber tubes pressed together when
coaches were coupled. This solution was standardized in UIC leaflet 561:1991 with the aim to
reconfigure train sets. Information about the main requirements of this leaflet has been incorporated in
this document as Annex A.
The aim of EN 16286-1 is to cover project-specific solutions, which have been developed for each train
set; for example, for multiple units, metro vehicles or tram vehicles.
1 Scope
This document specifies the technical and safety requirements applicable to gangway systems used in
heavy rail and urban rail vehicles that are designed to allow passengers or staff to move between
adjacent vehicles.
It also specifies
— the requirements for the safety for passengers and/or staff in the gangway while the train is
running,
— the assessment methods as well as pass/fail criteria for gangways installed on vehicles.
NOTE Some requirements in this document may not be applicable for gangways designed for use by staff
only.
This document is not intended to specify requirements for articulation systems which can be an integral
part of gangway systems.
This document is not applicable for rubber tube gangways and interconnecting gangways for coaches
travelling at speeds of up to 200 km/h on high-speed lines with tunnel sections. Information about
these types of gangway systems are given in Annex A and Annex B.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 12663-1:2010+A2:2023, Railway applications - Structural requirements of railway vehicle bodies -
Part 1: Locomotives and passenger rolling stock (and alternative method for freight wagons)
EN 14067-5:2021, Railway applications - Aerodynamics - Part 5: Requirements and assessment
procedures for aerodynamics in tunnels
EN 15663:2017+A1:2018, Railway applications - Vehicle reference masses
EN 16286-2:2023, Railway applications - Gangway systems between vehicles - Part 2: Acoustic
measurements
EN 16585-3:2017, Railway applications - Design for PRM use - Equipment and components on board
rolling stock - Part 3: Clearways and internal doors
EN 45545-1:2013, Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles - Part 1: General
EN 45545-2:2020+A1:2023, Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles - Part 2:
Requirements for fire behaviour of materials and components
EN 45545-3:2013, Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles - Part 3: Fire resistance
requirements for fire barriers
EN 45545-4:2013, Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles - Part 4: Fire safety
requirements for rolling stock design
EN 50125-1:2014, Railway applications - Environmental conditions for equipment - Part 1: Rolling stock
and on-board equipment
EN ISO 6946:2017, Building components and building elements - Thermal resistance and thermal
transmittance - Calculation methods (ISO 6946:2017, Corrected version 2021-12)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 General definition
3.1.1
nominal position
gangway position on straight level track where all relative movements of the vehicles are zero
Note 1 to entry: See 7.4 for relative movements.
3.2 nominal geometric dimensions
NOTE Nominal dimensions are defined on straight level track, vehicle suspension in nominal condition, and
mass of the vehicle in the “as built” condition (dead mass), as defined in EN 15663.
3.2.1
length
distance between the vehicle-connection surfaces of a gangway with the coupler or articulation at the
nominal position
3.2.2
width
distance between lateral inner face of the gangway
Note 1 to entry: The width is often measured at shoulder height.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.2.3
horizontal clearway
unobstructed distance between lateral inner faces of the gangway at floor level
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
Note 2 to entry: The horizontal clearway may be reduced above the floor level provided it maintains the
minimum dimensions in 7.3.2.
3.2.4
vertical clearway
unobstructed distance between gangway floor level and the interior ceiling or panel of the gangway
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.2.5
outer gangway width
maximum overall outer width of the gangway
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.2.6
outer gangway height
overall outer height of the gangway
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.2.7
gangway floor height
distance between floor level of the gangway and top of the rail
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.2.8
reference point
intersection of floor level with vehicle centre plane at the vehicle end
Key
1 horizontal clearway 6 outer gangway height
2 width 7 gangway floor height
3 vertical clearway 8 top of the rail
4 skirts, inner panel, etc. 9 vehicle centre plane
5 outer gangway width 10 reference point
Figure 1 — Gangway – design example
3.3 relative movements of the vehicles
NOTE Real relative movements of the vehicles typically consist of any combination of the movements defined
in 3.3.1 to 3.3.7.
3.3.1
longitudinal displacement
x
deflection of the length of the gangway in longitudinal direction on track
Note 1 to entry: Longitudinal displacement is the extension or compression of the nominal length, see Figure 2.
Note 2 to entry: Longitudinal displacement is generated, for example, by buff and draw of the connected coupling
system.
Key
1 nominal length
2 compressed length
3 extended length
xb longitudinal displacement (buff)
xd longitudinal displacement (draw)
Figure 2 — Longitudinal displacement
3.3.2
vertical displacement
z
vertical distance between reference point of vehicle 1 and reference point of vehicle 2
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3.
Key
1 vehicle 1
2 vehicle 2
3 reference points
z vertical displacement
Figure 3 — Vertical displacement
3.3.3
lateral displacement
y
lateral distance between reference point of vehicle 1 and reference point of vehicle 2
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 4.

Key
1 vehicle 1
2 vehicle 2
3 reference points
y lateral displacement
Figure 4 — Lateral displacement
3.3.4
yaw angle
α
z
angle between the vehicle ends measured around z-axis
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 5
Key
1 vehicle 1
2 vehicle 2
α yaw angle
z
Figure 5 — Yaw angle
3.3.5
pitch angle
α
y
negative or positive angle between vehicle ends, measured around the y-axis
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 6.

a) negative angle (concave) b) positive angle (convex)
Key
1 vehicle 1
2 vehicle 2
αy pitch angle
Figure 6 — Pitch angle
3.3.6
roll angle
α
x
rotation around the longitudinal x-axis (roll centre) that defines the angle between vehicle centre
plane 1 (vehicle 1) and vehicle centre plane 2 (vehicle 2)
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 7.
3.3.7
roll centre height
h
vertical distance from top of rail to the roll centre
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 7.

Key
h roll centre height
αx roll angle
Figure 7 — Roll angle
3.4 vehicle connection types
3.4.1
vehicle connection by coupling system
type of vehicle connection in which the relative movements of the connected vehicles are influenced by
two or more pivot points
3.4.2
vehicle connection by articulation
type of vehicle connection in which the relative movements of the connected vehicles are influenced by
only one pivot point
3.5 Gangway system
3.5.1
gangway system
flexible assembly between adjacent rail vehicles or vehicle segments designed to allow transit from one
vehicle to another
Note 1 to entry: Such gangway systems are often simply called gangway.
Note 2 to entry: In this document the term “vehicle” is used for “rail vehicle” and “rail vehicle segment” as defined
in EN 17343:2023.
[SOURCE: EN 17343:2023, 3.1.8.5.2, modified – “rail” deleted in the second occurrence, Note 1 to entry
and Note 2 to entry added.]
3.6 Typical parts of a gangway system
3.6.1
bellows
articulating environmental envelope surrounding the passageway which is typically comprised of
bellows fabric and bellows frames
Note 1 to entry: This can also describe the flexible elements of a rubber tube gangway.
3.6.1.1
bellows fabric
flexible material which enables the movements of the bellows and which provides protection against
external environmental conditions
Note 1 to entry: Typically made by a laminate which comprises fabric and elastomer layers.
3.6.1.2
bellows frame
intermediate mechanical structure which provides stability in shape and which is connected to the
bellows fabric
Note 1 to entry: This is also called clamp, crimp or hoop.
3.6.1.3
skirt
projection from the inner sidewall above floor level preventing gapping hazards
3.6.2
end frame
mechanical structure which connects the bellows to the carbody structure
Note 1 to entry: This is also called screw-on frame, mounting frame, couple frame.
Note 2 to entry: The end frame can consist of two individual frames in case of latching requirement.
3.6.3
centre frame
intermediate mechanical structure which provides stability in shape and which is connected to the
bellows typically providing a higher stiffness and a larger cross-section than a bellows frame
Note 1 to entry: A centre frame is typically located in central position of the bellows (in the direction of the x-axis)
and can be supported, e.g. by the coupler.
Note 2 to entry: The centre frame can consist of two individual frames in case of latching requirement.
3.6.4
floor system
floor structure capable of carrying passengers and staff and accommodating relative movements
between vehicles
Note 1 to entry: This is also called tread plate, bridge plate, rubber bridge system, turntable, chain bridge or
linking bridge.
3.6.5
side panel
vertical cover of the inner sidewall
3.6.6
ceiling panel
horizontal cover of the inner ceiling surface
3.7 types of gangway systems
3.7.1
intermediate gangway system
gangway system, which is located between vehicles of a dedicated train set
3.7.2
front end gangway system
gangway system, which is located on the outer end of the end vehicle of a dedicated train set
Note 1 to entry: The front end gangway system is located on the same vehicle end as the driver’s cab.
4 Abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviated terms apply.
DP depot position = movement position under depot condition
HVAC heating, ventilation and air conditioning
MSP maximum service position = movement position under maximum operational service
condition (in accordance with Table 1 and in accordance with Table 2 (I))
M-I vehicle category “high speed and long distance units” in accordance with
EN 15663:2017+A1:2018
M-II vehicle category “passenger vehicles other than high speed and long distance units” in
accordance with EN 15663:2017+A1:2018
PND normal design payload in accordance with EN 15663:2017+A1:2018
PRM people with reduced mobility
PXD exceptional payload in accordance with EN 15663:2017+A1:2018
RSP reduced service position = movement position under reduced operational service condition
(70 % of MSP)
TOF top of floor
TOR top of rail
5 General
5.1 Description of the system
A gangway is a system located between two rail vehicles that allows passage between those vehicles by
passengers and/or staff. The gangway prevents users from falling from the train and provides a
specified and agreed level of protection from external environmental conditions. The gangway system
accommodates all relative movements between the vehicles it connects.
Additional features may be added according to the specification.
5.2 Environmental resistance
The design of gangways shall take into account the environmental conditions to which they will be
subjected. Environmental parameters, described in EN 50125-1:2014, shall be considered in the
specification for the gangway.
6 Vehicle body coordinate system
The coordinate system is shown in Figure 8. The positive direction of the x-axis (corresponding to
vehicle body longitudinal axis) is in the direction of movement. The positive direction of the z-axis
(corresponding to vehicle body vertical axis) points upwards. The y-axis (corresponding to vehicle body
transverse axis) is in the horizontal plane completing a right hand coordinate system.
NOTE Conventional coach pictured, but gangways can also connect modules of a multi-moduled vehicle
typically in tram applications.
Key
1 direction of movement
x longitudinal axis
y lateral axis
z vertical axis
Figure 8 — Vehicle body coordinate system
7 Technical requirements
7.1 General
A specification for the gangway with the following minimum requirements shall be established.
7.2 Mass
The maximum mass of the gangway system should be specified in the specification.
NOTE 1 System architecture, dimensional and acoustic requirements have an important influence on the mass.
NOTE 2 Weight is a commonly used term to describe mass.
7.3 Geometry
7.3.1 Outer gangway dimensions
The outer gangway dimensions shall respect the vehicle gauge.
For front end gangway systems the driver’s viewing requirements also influence the outer gangway
dimensions, as the gangway shall not obstruct any required viewing angles. Any assessment of the
driver's view shall be carried out with the gangway uncoupled, folded back and locked.
7.3.2 Clearway
The dimensions of the clearway shall be in accordance with EN 16585-3:2017 for the clearway between
connecting vehicles on straight and level track condition as shown in Figure 9.
NOTE 1 EN 16585-3:2017, 5.3, allows exceptions to the dimensions shown in Figure 9.
NOTE 2 For front end gangway systems, the essential requirement for drivers' sight line in combination with
small vehicle profiles can necessitate a reduction of these values.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 TOF
2 gangway shape
x length of the gangway
Figure 9 — Volume representing the clearway between connected vehicles
7.3.3 Clearway for wheelchairs
It shall be specified in the specification, if the gangway is a wheelchair accessible area. If the gangway is
a wheelchair accessible area the volume as shown in Figure 10 shall be maintained as clearway over the
length of the gangway, as well as in associated gangway doors, in nominal position and should be
maintained in each service condition.
NOTE 1 The required free width can be reduced to no less than 700 mm up to a level of 400 mm above floor
during the operational service conditions as specified in Table 2 (see also prEN 16585-2:2022, Figure B.4).
NOTE 2 To verify the accessibility for a wheelchair a representative obstacle according to prEN 16585-2:2022,
Figure B.3 and Figure B.4 (but with a length not longer than the gangway length) can be positioned in the gangway
passenger area.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 TOF
2 gangway shape
x length of the gangway
Figure 10 — Volume representing the clearway between connected vehicles for wheelchairs
7.3.4 Length
The length of the gangway shall be chosen so that the gangway has the capability to accommodate all
relative movements of the vehicles.
7.3.5 Steps and ramps
Discontinuities within the gangway floor and the floor transition from one vehicle to the gangway, as
well as from the gangway to the connected vehicle, should be minimized to facilitate passage without
trip and stumble hazards. Height changes ≤ 15 mm in nominal position can be considered to be a step
and do not have to comply with EN 16585-3:2017.
Height changes ≤ 3 mm do not need to have chamfered or rounded edges, see Figure 11.
Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 11 — Example for a height change ≤ 3 mm
Height changes > 3 mm and ≤ 15 mm in nominal position shall have chamfered or rounded edges.
Figure 12 gives examples for chamfered and rounded edges.
Dimensions in millimetres
a) Example for a chamfered edge

b) Example for a rounded edge
Key
1 tangential transitions
a recommended
Figure 12 — Examples for height change > 3 mm and ≤ 15 mm
For height changes > 15 mm, the first ≤ 15 mm can be considered to be a step but any additional
increase in height shall be considered to be a ramp in accordance with EN 16585-3:2017, see Figure 13.
The minimum horizontal walking floor length between successive ramps, as specified in
EN 16585-3:2017, 5.4 (4), is not applicable for the gangway system.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 vertical discontinuity in accordance with Figure 11 or Figure 12
2 ramp in accordance with EN 16585-3:2017
Figure 13 — Example for a height change > 15 mm
It shall be specified in the specification, if the gangway is a wheelchair accessible area. If the gangway is
a wheelchair accessible area, any ramps shall comply with EN 16585-3:2017, Table 4. If the gangway is
not a wheelchair accessible area, any ramps shall comply with EN 16585-3:2017, Table 5.
7.4 Relative movements
Maximum movements shall be specified in the specification. It is recommended to record the derivation
of the corresponding values.
During the design phase, movement studies for all movement conditions shall be carried out in
accordance with Table 2.
NOTE 1 In depot conditions, interior safety requirements can be relaxed considering that no passengers but
trained staff can be present.
A movement study shall be carried out to ensure that the gangway system performs all required
movements without any damage. The requirements described in 7.3 shall be verified.
Table 1 gives relevant relative movements for different types of vehicle connections.
Table 1 — Relevant relative movements for types of vehicle connections
Longitudinal
displacement
Vertical Lateral Yaw Pitch Roll
Connection Combi-
displacement displacement angle angle angle
Compressed Extended
types nations
length length
xb xd z y az ay ax
Vehicle
connection
X X X X X X X X
by coupling
system
Vehicle
connection
a a a
0 0 0 0 X X X X
by
articulation
X = applicable
0 = not applicable
a
In some articulations movements can appear (e.g. as a result of energy absorption), so that the value is no longer 0.”
The movements to be considered are, for example
— longitudinal displacements caused by coupler and energy absorbing systems,
— vertical displacements caused by loading, wheel wear, degraded suspension conditions,
— lateral displacements caused by s-curves and lateral clearance of bogies and wheel/rail,
NOTE 2 For vehicles connected by coupling systems, EN 16839:2022, Annex B provides some positions for
the vehicles that can be used for the assessment of the lateral displacements.
— yaw angle caused by curve negotiation, curve entrance,
— pitch angle caused by crest and hollow and uneven wheel wear in one vehicle,
— roll angle caused by cant in curves or lateral acceleration,
— derailment and rerailment, lifting scenarios,
— dynamic effects.
NOTE 3 This list is not exhaustive.
7.5 Load requirements
7.5.1 Vertical load applied to floor system
A static passenger load on the floor area shall be specified in the specification in accordance with
EN 15663:2017+A1:2018 for service condition. Loading capability of the floor may be demonstrated by
calculation or test, typically in nominal position, unless otherwise specified.
The floor system shall withstand a static load of 800 N applied over a surface of 100 mm × 200 mm at
any point of the floor system.
The relevant acceptance criteria are
— to verify the strength of the structure when subjected to the maximum loads,
— to verify that no significant permanent deformation is present after removal of the maximum loads.
NOTE Additional, special loads and accelerations in accordance with EN 12663-1 can be specified in the
specification.
7.5.2 Dynamic loads on gangway system and fixation
Accelerations, specified in EN 12663-1:2010+A2:2023 for equipment attachments, as well as forces
generated by the relative movements shall be taken into account.
7.5.3 Horizontal load
The gangway sidewall of the clearway shall carry a load simulating a person leaning against the
sidewall. Perpendicular surface loads acting from within the gangway shall be applied without causing
any permanent deformation:
— a load of 15 % × 80 kg × 9,81 m/s = 120 N representing a hand of a person over an area of
0,1 m × 0,1 m on any area of the surface of the gangway;
— a load of 80 kg × 9,81 m/s = 800 N representing the shoulders of a person over an area of vertical
extension of 0,2 m and a horizontal extension of 0,5 m centred at 1,3 m above floor level anywhere
on that line.
The gangway shall stay in the gauge of the vehicle when the loads are applied.
7.5.4 Aerodynamic loads
The gangway shall be capable of resisting against aerodynamic loads that occur when trains are
crossing in open air and tunnels, without infringing the vehicle gauge requirements or showing any
permanent deformation.
The aerodynamic loads shall be specified in the specification. Verification shall be demonstrated by test
or by analogy. The requirements given in EN 14067-5:2021 shall be considered including simplified
load cases for low speeds.
7.5.5 Pressure tightness
If pressure tightness is required, the pressure P and the pressure difference ΔP per time interval shall
be specified to meet the overall vehicle requirements. The values for over pressure and under pressure
shall be specified.
7.6 Water tightness
There shall be no ingress of water caused by rain, melting snow and cleaning procedures from outside
through the gangway systems and its interface with the vehicle into the passenger area.
Vehicles with gangway systems which are not able to fulfil these requirements (e.g. rubber tube
gangways, see Annex A) shall be equipped with water tight gangway doors or other measures to avoid
problems with water that enters via the gangway.
Drainage may be provided to prevent accumulation of liquids within the gangway.
7.7 Crash behaviour
In case of crash scenarios, the components of the gangway system shall not prevent the function of the
crash protection equipment (e.g. energy absorber elements or anti climbers). The minimum length of
compressed gangway components shall be taken into account.
7.8 Earthing
If the earthing concept for the vehicle has requirements for the gangway, they shall be included in the
specification.
7.9 Vandalism
If there are requirements for vandalism resistance they shall be specified in the specification.
7.10 Fire protection
The gangway shall be designed in accordance with EN 45545-1:2013, EN 45545-2:2020+A1:2023,
EN 45545-3:2013 and EN 45545-4:2013.
7.11 Acoustic requirements
Sound reduction index R shall be specified in the specification in accordance with EN 16286-2:2023.
No squeaks, whistles, bangs or rattles shall be generated by the gangway system in operation.
7.12 Thermal insulation
If required, the calculation of the coefficient for thermal insulation shall be performed according to
EN ISO 6946:2017 or other internationally accepted standards.
7.13 Lifetime
The lifetime of a gangway shall be specified and ensured by a maintenance program.
7.14 Handrails
It shall be specified in the specification, if and what kind of a handrail shall be located inside the
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