EN 14070:2003

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2004
Varnost obdelovalnih strojev - Stroji za prenos in posebne namene
Safety of machine tools - Transfer and special purpose machines
Sicherheit von Werkzeugmaschinen - Transfer- und Einzweck- oder Sondermaschinen
Sécurité des machines-outils - Machines transfert et machines spéciales
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 14070:2003
ICS:
25.080.01 Stroji na splošno Machine tools in general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 14070
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2003
ICS 25.080.01
English version
Safety of machine tools - Transfer and special purpose
machines
Sécurité des machines-outils - Machines transfert et Sicherheit von Werkzeugmaschinen - Transfer- und
machines spéciales Einzweck- oder Sondermaschinen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 July 2003.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 14070:2003 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents page
Foreword. 3
0 Introduction . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions. 6
4 List of significant hazards. 7
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 12
6 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures . 25
7 Information for use . 25
Annex A (normative) Guards on transfer and special purpose machines - Impact test method . 28
Annex B (informative) Equipment for impact test. 32
Annex C (informative) Illustrative figures used as examples . 33
Annex D (normative) Noise emission measurement . 38
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship of this document with EC Directives. 40
Bibliography . 41
Foreword
This document (EN 14070:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 143 “Machine tools -
Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by SNV.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by April 2004.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive to
determine safety for new transfer and special purpose machines.
For relationship with EC Directives, see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
Annexes A and D are normative. Annexes B and C are informative.
This document includes a Bibliography.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
0 Introduction
This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in 6.3.2 of EN 1070:1998.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the
provisions of this type C standard take precedence.
Transfer and special purpose machines present a wide range of hazards due to the variety of processes and
configurations with possible obstructions to vision on these machines, in particular, those hazardous events
which result from contact with:
Moving tools especially when being rapidly rotated in spindles;
Fast moving machine parts;
Fast moving workpieces;
Power operated mechanisms for workpiece handling, load or unload.
The figures in annex C (informative) are examples only and are not intended to illustrate the only interpretation
of the text.
A list of standards related to EN 14070 is given in the bibliography.
1 Scope
1.1 This standard specifies the technical safety requirements and protective measures to be adopted by
persons undertaking the design, construction and supply (including information which must be provided for
installation and dismantling, with arrangements for transport and maintenance) of transfer and special purpose
machines (see 3.1). These machines are designed to process only a pre-specified metal or analogous
material workpiece, or limited family of similar workpieces by means of a predetermined sequence of
machining operations and process parameters.
1.2 This standard takes account of intended use, including reasonably foreseeable misuse, maintenance,
cleaning, and setting operations. It specifies access arrangements to machining positions and manual
load/unload stations (see 3.4). It presumes access to the machine from all directions. It describes means to
reduce risks to operators and other exposed persons.
1.3 This standard also applies to transport devices for workpiece load/unload when they form an integral
part of the machine.
1.4 This standard deals with significant hazards relevant to transfer and special purpose machines when
they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4). The safety
requirements and/or protective measures to prevent or minimise those hazards identified in Table 1 and
procedures for verification of these requirements or measures are found in clause 5. Safety requirements
and/or measures are not specified for: Fire and Explosion
1.5 Where machines employ processes which are covered by other standards (e.g. grinding, turning,
forming, EDM, laser processing), the requirements of those standards should be applied (see Bibliography).
1.6 This standard applies to machines which are manufactured after publication of this standard by CEN.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference provisions from other publications.
These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to
this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN 292-1:1991 Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology.
EN 292-2:1991 Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2:
Technical principles and specifications.
EN 292-2:1991/A1:1995 Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2:
Technical principles and specifications; Amendment A1.
EN 294: 1992 Safety of machinery – Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by
the upper limbs.
EN 349 Safety of machinery – Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body.
EN 574 Safety of machinery – Two-hand control devices – Functional aspects – Principles
for design.
EN 614-1 Safety of machinery - Ergonomic design principles – Part 1: Terminology and
general principles.
EN 614-2 Safety of machinery - Ergonomic design principles – Part 2: Interactions between
the design of machinery and work tasks.
EN 626-1 Safety of machinery – Reduction of risks to health from hazardous substances
emitted by machinery – Part 1 - Principles and specifications for machinery
manufacturers.
EN 811:1996 Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by
the lower limbs.
EN 894-1 Safety of machinery - Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control
actuators - Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and
control actuators.
EN 894-2 Safety of machinery – Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators – Part 2: Displays.
EN 894-3:2000 Safety of machinery – Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators – Part 3: Control actuators.
EN 953:1997 Safety of machinery – Guards – General requirements for the design and
construction of fixed and movable guards.
EN 954-1 Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part l: General
principles for design.
EN 982:1996 Safety of machinery - Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their
components – Hydraulics.
EN 983:1996 Safety of machinery - Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their
components – Pneumatics.
EN 999 Safety of machinery – The positioning of protective equipment in respect of
approach speeds of parts of the human body.
EN 1005-1 Safety of machinery – Human physical performance – Part 1: Terms and definitions.
EN 1005-2 Safety of machinery – Human physical performance – Part 2: Manual handling of
machinery and component parts of machinery.
EN 1005-3 Safety of machinery – Human physical performance – Part 3: Recommended force
limits for machinery operation.
EN 1037:1995 Safety of machinery – Prevention of unexpected start-up.
EN 1050:1996 Safety of machinery - Principles for risk assessment.
EN 1070:1998 Safety of machinery – Terminology.
EN 1088:1995 Safety of machinery - Interlocking devices associated with guards – Principles for
design and selection.
EN 1760–1 Safety of machinery - Pressure sensitive protective devices – Part 1: General
principles for the design and testing of pressure sensitive mats and pressure
sensitive floors.
EN 1837 Safety of machinery – Integral lighting of machines.
EN ISO 3744 Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound
pressure – Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
(ISO 3744:1994).
EN ISO 3746:1995 Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound
pressure – Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a
reflecting plane (ISO 3746:1995).
EN ISO 4871 Acoustics – Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and
equipment (ISO 4871:1996).
EN ISO 7250 Basic human body measurements for technological design (ISO 7250:1996).
EN ISO 9614-1 Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound
intensity – Part 1: Measurement at discrete points (ISO 9614-1:1993).
EN ISO 11202:1995 Acoustics - Noise emitted by machinery and equipment - Measurement of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions - Survey
method in situ (ISO 11202:1995).
EN ISO 11204:1995 Acoustics - Noise emitted by machinery and equipment - Measurement of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions - Method
requiring environmental corrections (ISO 11204:1995).
EN ISO 11688-1 Acoustics – Recommended practice for the design of low–noise machinery and
equipment - Part 1:Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995).
EN ISO 11688-2 Acoustics – Recommended practice for the design of low–noise machinery and
equipment - Part 2: Introduction to the physics of low-noise design (ISO/TR 11688-
2:1998).
EN 60204-1:1997 Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General
requirements (IEC 60204-1:1997).
EN 60825-1:1994/A1 Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification, requirements and user's
guide; Amendment A1 (IEC 60825-1:1993/A1:1997) / Note: Endorsement notice
EN 61000-6–2 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-2: Generic standards - Immunity for
industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-2:1999, modified).
EN 61000-6-4 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-4: Generic standards - Emission
standard for industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-4:1997, modified).
EN 61310-3 Safety of machinery – Indication, marking and actuation - Part 3: Requirements for
the location and operation of actuators (IEC 613010-3:1999).
EN 61496-1 Safety of machinery – Electro-sensitive protective equipment - Part 1 - General
requirements and tests (IEC 61496-1:1997).
IEC 61496-2 Safety of machinery – Electro-sensitive protective equipment – Part 2 – Particular
requirements for equipment using active opto-electronic protective devices .
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 1070 apply. Additional
terms and definitions specifically needed for this document are added below.
3.1
transfer and special purpose machines
machine designed to process only a pre-specified workpiece or family of workpieces, by means of a pre-
determined sequence of machining operations and process parameters (see Figures C.1 and C.2)
NOTE These machines can include one or more of the following elements:
station(s) incorporating unit(s) (see 3.4 and 3.5 below);
transport system(s) for the workpiece;
clamping devices;
metal working fluid system(s);
swarf/chip removal system(s);
measurement and test systems.
3.2
work zone
space within which the machine mechanisms are located and the process(es) are performed
3.3
machine working cycle
period of time between the start of process on one workpiece and the start of process on the next workpiece
after a transfer
NOTE This is determined by the longest individual station time.
3.4
station
term applied to the fixed positions within a machine at which workpieces are located during the processing
portion of the machine working cycle
NOTE Stations are normally identified by sequential numbering e.g.:
Station 1 – Load station
Station 2 – Machining station
Station 3 – Gauging station
Station 4 – Idle station
Station XX – Unload station
The term station also covers the fixtures, units, heads and other mechanisms associated with the process
performed at a particular station (see Figures C.3, C.4 and C.5).
3.5
unit
single axis or multi-axis module located at a station to carry the tooling, device or mechanism which performs
the process on the workpiece (see Figure C.6)
3.6
workpiece load/unload device
mechanism that delivers workpieces to, or removes them from, the machine
4 List of significant hazards
4.1 The list of hazards contained in Table 1 is the result of a hazard identification and risk assessment
carried out as described by EN 1050, for transfer and special purpose machines covered by the scope of this
standard. The safety requirements and/or protective measures and information for use contained in clauses 5
and 7 are based on the risk assessment and deal with the identified hazards by either eliminating them or
reducing the effects of the risks they generate.
4.2 The risk assessment assumes foreseeable access from all directions, as well as unexpected start–up.
Risks to both the operators and other persons who can have access to the hazard zones are identified, taking
into account hazards which can occur under various conditions (e.g. commissioning, set–up, production,
maintenance, repair, decommissioning) during the life of the machine. The assessment includes an analysis
of the effect of failure in the control system.
4.3 In addition, the user of this standard (i.e. the designer, manufacturer or supplier) shall validate that the
risk assessment is complete for the machine under consideration with particular attention to:
the intended use of the machine including maintenance, setting and cleaning, and its reasonably
foreseeable misuse;
the identification of the significant hazards associated with the machine.
Table 1 — List of significant hazards and major sources of these hazards associated with transfer and
special purpose machines
a
Description Example(s) of Associated activity Related danger Clause 5
related hazardous zone Reference
situation(s) (Table 2)
1. Mechanical hazards due to:
1.1 Crushing workpiece clamping loading/reorienting/ between clamps 1.2
unloading and workpiece
transfer mechanism maintenance within pits 1.5
movement of operating cycle of at machine 1.1, 1.2
workpiece handling machine, process
devices, transfer control, manual tool
mechanism or unit change, maintenance
heads
at machine
1.2 Shearing movement of axes, operating cycle of 1.1 to 1.1.5,
workpiece handling machine, manual tool 1.2, 1.3, 1.4
devices or transfer change, maintenance
mechanism
1.3 Cutting or severing spindle or tool running spindle running at spindle or tool 1.1 to 1.1.5
or cutting
1.4 Entanglement rotating tools spindle running at spindle or tool 1.1 to 1.1.5
removal of swarf/chips power–operated swarf/chip 1.3
swarf/chip removal collection and
discharge zones
1.5 Drawing–in or trapping movement of power–operated envelope of 1.1 to 1.1.5,
workpiece handling, motion of workpiece movement of 1.2, 1.3, 1.4
transfer mechanism or or tool in spindle workpiece or at
unit head unit head
rotating power maintenance in or around 1.4
transmission machine
mechanisms
1.6 Impact moving/rotating tool spindle running at spindle or tool 1.1 to 1.1.6.4
workpiece transfer power-operated envelope of 1.2
workpiece transfer motion of
workpiece and
workpiece
transfer
mechanisms
a
Description Example(s) of Associated activity Related danger Clause 5
related hazardous zone Reference
situation(s) (Table 2)
1.7 Stabbing or puncture moving tool process control at tool in spindle 1.1 to 1.1.6.4
(especially eccentric
tools)
handling tools during manual tool at sharp cutter (see clause
change or faces 7)
replenishing tool
magazine
handling swarf/chips during loading/ at workpiece, (see clause
unloading and table, and swarf 7)
cleaning /chip collecting
and discharge
zones
1.9 High pressure fluid Pipes or hoses machine operating, at or near 13, 17
ejection carrying high maintenance machine
pressure fluids
2 Electrical hazards due to:
2.1 Contact of persons contact with live parts during electrical cabinet,
with live parts (direct or connections commissioning, terminal boxes,
contact) maintenance, trouble control panels at
shooting machine
2.2 Contact of persons contact with live parts during operation, at machine or
with parts which have or connections inspection and faulty part
become live under maintenance of
faulty conditions machine
(indirect contact)
3 Thermal hazards resulting in:
3.1 Burns or scalds by a ejection of swarf during cutting at or near 1.1.1, 1.1.2,
possible contact of machine 17
persons
handling of hot work during unloading at unload position 7.2.f
material
contact with hot during tool change, at unit heads 7.2.f
tooling process control,
maintenance
4 Hazards generated by noise resulting in:
4.1 Hearing loss motion of power during operating cycle near machine 4
(deafness), other transmission of machine
physiological elements, cutting
processes and fluid
disorders (e.g. loss of
power systems
balance, loss of
awareness)
4.2 Interference with air blast used for during operating cycle near machine 4
speech cleaning of tool or of machine
communication, fixture/pallet locations
acoustical signals
6 Hazards generated by radiation
a
Description Example(s) of Associated activity Related danger Clause 5
related hazardous zone Reference
situation(s) (Table 2)
6.5 Lasers direct or reflected maintenance of laser within machine 6.5
visual exposure to positional feedback
laser radiation system
7 Hazards generated by materials and substances (and their constituent elements) processed or used by
the machinery
7.1 Hazards from contact conditions near during operating cycle at or near 7.1
with or inhalation of machine caused by of the machine machine
harmful fluids, gases, ejection of particles of
mists, fumes, and work material, fluid
dusts droplets or mist from
metal working fluids
7.2 Fire or explosion flammable work during operating cycle at or near 7.2
material, flammable of the machine machine
(low flash point) metal
working fluids
7.3 Biological or micro– contact with hydraulic during operation, at or near 7.3
biological (viral or or metal working fluid process control, and machine
bacterial) hazards as liquid or mist maintenance
containing detritus and
bacteria
8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machinery design as, e.g. hazards from:
8.1 Unhealthy postures or lifting and reaching during loading/ at load/unload 8.1
excessive effort while handling unloading, process and tool mounting
(repetitive strain) workpiece, tooling or control, and positions,
machine parts maintenance maintenance
action points
8.2 Inadequate inappropriate location during loading/ at load/unload 8.2
consideration of hand- of controls unloading, process and tool mounting
arm or foot-leg control, and positions,
anatomy maintenance maintenance
action points
8.4 Inadequate local judgement and during loading at load/unload, 8.4
lighting accuracy of manual /unloading, process tool mounting
actions impaired control, handling of positions
during handling or tooling
positioning of
workpiece or tooling
8.6 Human errors, human reasonably during loading/ at load/unload, 8.6
behaviour foreseeable misuse, unloading, process tool mounting
inadvertent operation control, tool handling positions
of controls, incorrect
work material or cutter
handling/setting
8.7 Inadequate design, inadvertent operation during operating cycle at or near 8.7
location or of controls of machine, setting, machine
identification of maintenance
manual controls
a
Description Example(s) of Associated activity Related danger Clause 5
related hazardous zone Reference
situation(s) (Table 2)
8.8 Inadequate design or misinterpretation of during operating cycle at or near 8.8
location of visual displayed information of machine, setting, machine
display units maintenance
10 Unexpected start-up, unexpected overrun/ over speed (or any similar malfunction) from:
10.1 Failure/disorder of the mechanical hazards during setting, at machine 10.1
control system associated with cleaning
selected machine
movement
10.2 Restoration of energy unexpected during setting, at or near 10.2
supply after an movements of machine cleaning or machine
interruption maintenance
10.3 External influences on unpredictable during setting or at or near 10.3
the electrical behaviour of electronic operating cycle of the machine
equipment controls due to machine
electromagnetic
interference
13 Failure of the power malfunctions of the during operation, at machine where 13
supply control with process control, machine
consequent maintenance elements retained
misapplication of in a safe condition
stored energy or by the application
power. Power work of power or fluid
holding fails, motor pressure.
over speed. Part
breakage causes
machine elements to
move under residual
forces (inertia, gravity,
spring/ energy storage
means) causing
external elements to
move unexpectedly
14 Failure of the control Unexpected during setting, at or near 14
circuit movements of cleaning or machine
machine maintenance
15 Errors of fitting machine elements fail during process at machine 15
or move unexpectedly control, tool mounting,
maintenance
17 Falling or ejected ejection of machine during the operating at or near 17
objects or fluids parts, workpiece or cycle of the machine machine
tools caused by
clamping device,
control system failures
or collision due to data
errors
a
Description Example(s) of Associated activity Related danger Clause 5
related hazardous zone Reference
situation(s) (Table 2)
18 Loss of stability, unrestrained machine during loading/ at machine 18
overturning of or machine part unloading of
machinery (maintained in position heavy/unwieldy
by gravity), falls or workpieces or
overturns maintenance
(disassembly/
relocation)
19 Slip , trip, and fall of ejection or spillage of during workpiece machine table, 19
persons (related to metal working fluids load/unload, setting, floor area around
machinery) and lubricants (also process control and machine and
hydraulic fluid if used); maintenance workpiece
work at heights
work at heights permanent means
of access to the
work to replenish fluids
machine
(e.g. lubricants)
a
This list is derived from annex A of EN 1050:1996.
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
5.1 General requirements
Transfer and special purpose machines shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures
of this clause.
In addition, the transfer and special purpose machines shall be designed according to the principles of EN 292
for hazards relevant but not significant which are not dealt with by this standard.
5.2 Specific requirements
Table 2 — List of safety requirements and/or protective measures and their verification procedures
NOTE The numbering of various provisions in this table is in accordance with Table 1 and hence missing numbers
correspond to hazards which are not significant
Hazards Safety requirement and/or protective measure Verification
1 Mechanical 1.1 Work zone
1.1.1 Guarding strategy Visual inspection
Fixed and/or interlocked movable guards shall enclose the work zone
during the operating cycle of the machine (see Figure C.7).
NOTE General guidance for the design and selection of safeguards, where the
hazards from moving parts cannot be avoided by design is given in 4.1, 4.2 and
Table 1 of EN 292-2: 1991.
For the purposes of this clause,
1) all applications of protective equipment shall be in accordance with
the following: electro sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) in
accordance with EN 61496-1, active opto–electronic protective devices
(AOPDs) in accordance with IEC 61496-2, type 4, pressure sensitive
protective devices (PSPDs) in accordance with EN 1760-1.
2) Guards shall be in accordance with EN 953, and interlocking devices
shall be in accordance with EN 1088.
Hazards Safety requirement and/or protective measure Verification
1. 1. 2 Guard characteristics
1.1.2.1 Location and height Measurements to
ensure compliance
Where reasonably practicable, work zone guarding shall be fixed to the
with EN 294
structure of the machine and prevent access to the hazard. Any opening
between the bottom of the guard and the floor shall not exceed 300 mm
with a corresponding distance to the hazard, (s), in accordance with
Table A.1 of EN 811:1996.
Where guards are floor mounted (e.g. perimeter fencing), they shall be
securely fixed and have a minimum height of 1,4 m at a distance in
accordance with Table 2 of EN 294:1992 from the hazard zone.
1.1.2.2 Containment Practical check
Guards shall be designed to contain and/or prevent exposure to
swarf/chips, fluids and parts that can be discharged or ejected (see also
17.1 and 17.2 ejection, 7.1.4 fluids mists and 19.2 slip, trip and fall of
persons).
1 Mechanical 1.1.2.3 Observation Visual inspection
(continued)
Where, during the operating cycle of the machine, observation of the
machine process(es) is required, means (e.g. windows, mesh panels)
shall be provided so that this can be achieved without the need to open,
remove or suspend any work zone guard or other protective device(s)
(see also 8.4 lighting, in this table). If these measures are not
practicable for maintenance and trouble-shooting activities, alternative
safe systems of work (see 3.7.10 and 4.1.4 of EN 292–2:1991) shall be
prescribed (see clause 7).
1.1.3 Interlocking
Visual inspection,
All guards through which frequent access to the work zone is required
practical check
(i.e. more than once per shift) shall be interlocked and guard locking
shall be provided (see 3.3 of EN 1088:1995)
Measures to minimize the possible defeat of interlocking device(s) shall
be taken (see clauses 5 and 7 of EN 1088:1995).
1.1.4 Modes of operation
1.1.4.1 General
The machine shall be provided with at least two basic modes of Visual inspection,
operation. These modes shall be: practical check
1 Automatic (either single cycle or continuous cycle) and
2 Setting
Hazards Safety requirement and/or protective measure Verification
1.1.4.2 Mode selection
Operating modes shall be selected by means of a key switch, access Visual inspection,
code or equally secure means at the main control console. Where practical check,
mode selection is also provided at individual unit control consoles,
examination of
automatic operation shall only be permitted when all mode selection
circuit diagrams
switches are set to automatic.
The machine shall be provided with a stop end of cycle control device.
The actuation of this device shall cause the machine to stop at the end
of the current cycle and further cycling shall be inhibited,
When the setting mode is selected at the main control console and the
machine is in its working cycle, the cycle shall be interrupted and any
further automatic operation shall be inhibited.
When the setting mode is selected at any unit control while the machine
is in its working cycle, the cycle of that unit shall be interrupted and the
cycles of all other units shall stop at the end of the current machine
cycle. Any further automatic operation shall be inhibited. The
interlocked guards shall remain locked. Subsequent access can be
gained by activating human machine interface (HMI) or pushbutton as
applicable to release the lock.
A visual indicating device at the main control console shall be provided
when setting mode has been selected and an interlocked work zone
guard is open.
Mode selection on the main control console shall be in accordance with
3.7.9 of EN 292-2:1991
1.1.4.3 Requirements for automatic operation
Visual inspection,
All moveable interlocked guards shall be closed and/or the protective
practical check,
devices shall be active to permit operation in automatic cycle.
examination of
Where multiple main control cycle start devices are provided only one
circuit diagrams
shall be enabled at any time (See also 3.7.8 of EN 292–2: 1991).
An audible warning shall be provided prior to the start of automatic
operation if the entire work zone is not visible from the start control
location.
1 Mechanical 1.1.4.4 Setting
(continued)
Setting mode is a mode of operation in which adjustments for the
subsequent machining process are performed by the operator.
When any interlocked movable guard is open or a protective device is
suspended, powered machine movements shall be inhibited except
under the following conditions:
a) Axis movements at a maximum rate of 2 m/min. or a maximum Measurement,
increment of 10 mm. practical check
These movements shall be selected one axis at a time and may be
initiated and maintained by one of the following means:
– a hold-to-run control device;–manual data input (MDI) followed by
cycle start together with an enabling device (see 9.2.5.8 of EN
60204-1:1997).
(See also 3.7.10 of EN 292-2: 1991)
b) If provided powered spindle speeds shall be limited by their stopping Measurement
performance which shall not exceed 2 revolutions.
Hazards Safety requirement and/or protective measure Verification
Spindle rotation shall only be initiated and maintained by one of the Practical check
following means:
– a hold-to-run control device at the unit control console or a hand
held pendant;
– a spindle start control device together with an enabling device.
Release of an enabling device shall initiate a category 1 stop in
accordance with 9.2.2 of EN 60204-1:1997.
c) The limits of speed or incremental distance [defined in a) and b) Examination of
above] shall be monitored and if exceeded, the power to the drives shall circuit diagrams,
be removed by a controlled stop (Category 1 - see 9.2.2 of EN 60204–1: practical check
1997).
d) Means shall be provided to prevent hazardous movements of vertical Practical check
or slant axes under gravity (e.g. brakes, counter balance).
e) Unguarded swarf/chip conveyor movements shall only be initiated Visual inspection,
and maintained by a hold-to-run control device. examination of
circuit diagrams
f) Where multiple hold-to-run control device locations are provided (e.g. Practical check
main control console, unit control consoles, hand-held pendant), only
one device shall be active at a time.
NOTE 1 Assessment of tool or workpiece position, e.g. by touching the
workpiece with a probe or tool, and programme sequence checking,
belong to the setting mode.
NOTE 2 Movements can be restricted to a predetermined sequence of
the machine operating cycle.
1 Mechanical 1.1.5 Release of trapped persons
(continued)
Means shall be provided for the movement of machine axes for Visual inspection,
emergency purposes (e.g. release of trapped persons). These means verification against
are for example: circuit diagrams,
practical check
a) With power off:
- manually operated relief valves to depressurise
systems under pressure;
- manual release of power-actuated brakes provided
that weight-balancing exists;
b) With power on:
- manual control facilities of power-piloted valves/
drives;
- control facilities to start counter motions.
(see also 7.2 m).
1.2 Workpiece handling mechanisms
1.2.1 The positions for operators at workpiece load/unload mechanisms Visual inspection
shall be located outside the work zone and away from other hazardous
machine movements.
Hazards Safety requirement and/or protective measure Verification
1.2.2 Movement of power operated workpiece clamping shall be:
– restricted to 4mm or less, or
– protected by guards (e.g. control guard), and/or
protective devices (e.g. electro-sensitive protective equipment),
or
– operated by a type III two-hand control device (see 9.2.5.7 of EN
60204–1:1997)
Where a two-hand control device is provided, it shall be in accordance
with 9.2.5.7 of EN 60204-1:1997. The two-hand control shall be at a
safe distance from the hazardous movement (see EN 574 and EN
999). No hazardous movement shall arise from the actuation of any
sensor or feedback device (see 10.1.4 EN 60204-1:1997 and 7.2 in
this standard).
1.2.3 Access to hazardous movement(s) of workpiece handling Visual inspection,
mechanisms shall be prevented by means of fixed and/or interlocked practical check
movable guards, or hazardous movement(s) shall be either stopped or
inhibited by the actuation of protective devices (e.g. electro-sensitive
protective equipment, active opto–electronic protective devices (ESPE,
AOPD).
1.2 4 Where access is required with the guards open or the protective Examination of
devices suspended, powered motion shall only be initiated in the setting circuit diagrams,
mode under the control of an enabling device together with a hold-to-run measurement,
device to permit step-by-step movement. When continuous movement is practical check
required, a two-hand control device shall be provided. This device shall
be in accordance with 9.2.5.7 Type 3 of EN 60204-1:1997. The two-
hand control shall be at a safe distance from the hazardous movement
(see EN 574 and EN 999). No hazardous movement shall arise from the
actuation of any sensor or feedback device (see 10.1.4 of EN 60204-
1:1997 and 7.2 in this standard).
1 Mechanical 1.3 Swarf /chip collection and removal
1.3.1 Means shall be provided to enable the collection and removal of
(continued) Visual inspection,
swarf/chips without the need to remove guards (e.g. fixture design to practical check
promote swarf/chip shedding, directed flows of metal working fluid).
1.3.2 Access to hazardous moving parts of swarf/chip collection and Visual inspection,
removal systems shall be prevented by means of fixed guards. Where practical check
operators have a need to access more frequently than once per shift,
interlocked movable guards shall be provided. Guards shall be in
accordance with EN 953 and EN 1088.
1.3.3 Opening an interlocked movable guard, which provides access to
Examination of
the hazardous moving parts of a swarf/chip system, shall cause a circuit diagrams,
category 1 stop unless the risk allows a category 0 stop to be applied practical check
(see 9.2.2 of EN 60204–1:1997).
1.3.4 If movement of a swarf/chip system with an interlocked movable
Examination of
guard open is essential (e.g. for cleaning purposes) the movement shall circuit diagrams,
only be permitted under the control of a hold–to–run device with an practical check
adjacent emergency stop device. A warning sign shall indicate the
hazardous area of the swarf/chip system discharge (see also 7.2 f).
1.4 Power transmission mechanisms (e.g. drive shafts, belts, pulleys,
chains, gears)
Hazards Safety requirement and/or protective measure Verification
1.4.1 Access to hazardous power transmission parts (e g belts, chains, Visual inspection
gears, pulleys, shafts) shall be prevented by means of fixed guards.
Interlocked movable guards shall be provided where operators have a
need to access more frequently than once per shift. Guard shall be in
accordance with EN 953 and EN 1088.
1.4.2 Opening an interlocked movable guard, which exposes moving Visual inspection
power transmission parts, shall cause a Category 1 stop in accordance
with 9.2.2 of EN 60204-1: 1997. Interlocking provisions shall conform to
EN 1088 (See also 14.1.1).
1.4.3 Where the hazardous moving parts can be reached before they Visual inspection
come to rest, guard locking shall be applied to prevent opening of the
guard until the hazardous movement has ceased. Delayed unlocking
shall be achieved by means of a motion detector or timer control (see
7.2 and 7.3 of EN 1088:1995 and EN 999).
1.5 Pits
1.5.1 Pits in or around a machine shall be covered (e.g. floor grids) or Visual inspection
secured against persons falling into them by guard rails (see EN ISO
14122–3) or similar forms of protection
1.5.2 Where access to pits is necessary for observation, maintenance,
Visual inspection
or adjustment purposes, entry into the pit shall be via interlocked access
gates which prevent automatic cycle operation of the machine. Where
powered machine movements are necessary, machine elements may
be moved under the conditions set out in 1.1.4.4, and 1.3 of this table.
1.5.3 Minimum gaps between moving machine elements and pit walls or Measurement of
other fixed parts shall be in accordance with EN 349. Where these distance, visual
minimum gaps cannot be achieved, additional protective measures shall inspection,
be provided to minimise the risk of crushing or trapping. practical check
If impact hazards may also be present, the access to the moving parts
of machinery shall be prevented.
2 Electrical 2.1 Direct contact Verify compliance
with the
To minimize the hazards of malfunction, shock or burn, all electrical
requirements in EN
equipment shall be designed and applied in accordance with EN 60204-
60204-1:1997 and
1. Means shall be provided to isolate the machine from sources of
in particular clause
electrical energy (see 5.3 of EN 60204-1:1997).
19.
Means of isolation shall be located at the main electrical enclosure in
accordance with 6.2.2 (b) of EN 60204–1:1997. All other enclosures
shall be in accordance with 6.2.2(a) of EN 60204–1:1997. All live parts
shall be protected against direct contact to at least IP2X in accordance
with 6.22(c) of EN 60204–1:1997.
2.2 Indirect contact
Verify compliance
with the require–
(See 3.27 of EN 60204-1:1997 for definition)
ments in EN
The requirements of 6.3 of EN 60204-1:1997 shall be followed.
60204–1:1997 and
in particular clause
19.
2.3 Protection of control gear
Enclosures of control gear shall provide a degree of protection in Visual inspection
accordance with 12.3 of EN 60204–1: 1997. Control gear enclosures
within the work zone shall have a degree of protection of at least IP 54.
4 Hazards 4.1 Noise reduction methods
Hazards Safety requirement and/or protective measure Verification
generated by 4.1.1 Control of noise at source
noise
When designing transfer and special purpose machines, the information By examination of
and technical measures to control noise at source given in EN ISO noise declaration.
11688-1 and EN ISO 11688-2 shall be followed.
The design shall take into account noise from each source. Appropriate
technical measures for reducing noise at the main sound sources of the
transfer and special purpose machines are listed below:
a) transmission noise gearbox damping
b) pneumatic exhaust silencers
c) power generation source damping or absorber
d) noise under cutting process damping or absorber inside
the work zone enclosing
e) cutting tool change
}
guard
f) workpiece change
The above list is not exhaustive. Alternative technical measures for
noise reduction with identical or greater efficiency may be used.
4.1.2 Control of transmission paths
Where noise levels must be reduced beyond those achievable by design By examination of
at source the machine shall be provided with protective measures (e.g.; noise declaration
noise enclosures, screens fitted to the machinery, silencers).
6 Radiation Hazard 6.5 Lasers
Examination of
mechanical
Built–in laser feedback systems shall be designed to prevent exposure
drawings practical
to beam paths or specular reflections (see EN 60825-1:1994/A1).
check
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