ASTM D580/D580M-24

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D580/D580M − 15 D580/D580M − 24
Standard SpecificationPractice for
Greige Woven Glass Tapes and Webbings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D580/D580M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specificationpractice primarily covers greige tapes and webbings woven from “E” electrical classification glass fiber
yarns. This specificationpractice can also be applied to tapes and webbings made of other glass fiber grades upon agreement
between the purchaser and the supplier.
1.2 This specificationpractice is intended to assist ultimate users by designating the types of these products that are typical in the
industry. This specificationpractice permits the application of organic materials to the glass fiber yarn during manufacture that helps
facilitate weaving. When used as permitted in this specification,practice, such materials will not interfere with the intended end
use requirements.
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not beare not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall
be used independently of the other. Combiningother, and values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
standard.shall not be combined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D578D578/D578M Specification for Glass Fiber Strands
D579D579/D579M Practice for Greige Woven Glass Fabrics
D1059 Test Method for Yarn Number Based on Short-Length Specimens
D1423D1423/D1423M Test Method for Twist in Yarns by Direct-Counting
D1776D1776/D1776M Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
D1777 Test Method for Thickness of Textile Materials
D3773D3773/D3773M Test Methods for Length of Woven Fabric
This specificationpractice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.18 on Glass Fiber and its
Products.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2015Jan. 1, 2024. Published March 2015February 2024. Originally approved in 1940. Last previous edition approved in 20042015 as
D580/D580M – 10.D580/D580M – 15. DOI: 10.1520/D0580_D0580M-1510.1520/D0580_D0580M-24
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D580/D580M − 24
D3774 Test Method for Width of Textile Fabric
D3775 Test Method for End (Warp) and Pick (Filling) Count of Woven Fabrics
D4963D4963/D4963M Test Method for Ignition Loss of Glass Fiber Strands and Fabrics
D5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Strip Method)
D7018D7018/D7018M Terminology Relating to Glass Fiber and Its Products (Withdrawn 2021)
2.2 ANSI Standard:
ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Sampling Procedures for Inspection by Attributes
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 For definitions of glass fiber and product terms used in this specificationpractice refer to Terminology D7018D7018/
D7018M.
3.1.2 The following terms are relevant to this standard:practice: continuous filament yarn, greige goods, tape, and webbing.
3.1.3 For definitions of other textile terminology used in this specification,practice, refer to Terminology D123.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This standard practice may be used to classify, construct, and test woven greige fiberglass tapes and webbings formed from
both continuous and discontinuous fiber.
5. Classification
5.1 Greige glass fiber tapes and webbings are produced in two types and are constructed with yarns designated as directed in
Specification D578D578/D578M. The standard types are:
5.1.1 Type A—Medium texture.
5.1.2 Type B—OpenClose texture.
5.2 The designation of a tape or webbing shallmay be by style numbers that are standard throughout the industry.
5.3 Two segments of characters are used to describe tapes and webbings.
5.3.1 The first segment of the description of tape or webbing describes the glass classification, the type fiber in the warp, and the
type fiber in the filling.
5.3.1.1 The first letter in the first segment is one of the following glass classification codes: “E” for electrical,“ C” for chemical,
“S” for high force.
5.3.1.2 The second letter in the first segment specifies the fiber type in the warp direction: “C” describes continuous filament fiber
using either SI units or inch-pound units, staple (discontinuous) fiber is described by “D” in SI units or “S” in inch-pound units.
5.3.1.3 The third letter in the first segment specifies the fiber type in the filling direction: “C” describes continuous filament fiber
using either SI units or inch-pound units, staple (discontinuous) fiber is described by “D” in SI units or “S” in inch-pound units.
5.3.2 The second segment of the description of tape or webbing describes the texture: “A” describes medium texture and“ B”and
“B” describes close texture. Close Textured tapes have a greater number of ends in both the warp and fill directions relative to a
Medium Texture tape with the same thickness and width.
5.4 Examples of glass fiber tapes or webbings.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13thInstitute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.10036, http://www.ansi.org.
D580/D580M − 24
5.4.1 Example 1a (SI units):
ECD 2 B (1)
where:
E = electrical glass,
C = continuous filament yarn warp direction,
D = discontinuous (staple) yarn filling direction, and
B = close textured.
5.4.2 Example 1blb [inch-pound units]:
ECS 2 B (2)
where:
E = electrical glass,
C = continuous filament yarn warp direction,
S = staple (discontinuous) filament yarn filling direction, and
B = close textured.
REQUIREMENTS
6. Material
6.1 The fiber shallmay be continuous filament or staple (discontinuous) fiber, as agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier,
free of any free alkali metal salts, such as soda or potash, and foreign particles, dirt, and other impurities.
6.2 Accept the supplier’s certification that the material is of the correct classification as specified in Specification D578/D578M.
Verify that the fiber is continuous or staple (discontinuous) as specified, during testing for strand construction as directed in Section
10. Determine the freedom from detrimental impurities during the inspection for visual appearance as directed in Section 22.
7. Fabric Count
7.1 For tapes listed in Tables 1 and 2, and webbings listed in Table 3, the nominal fabric count shallmay conform to the
requirements of Table 1Tables 1-3, Table 2, and Table 3, respectively. For tapes or webbings not listed in Table 1Tables 1-3, Table
2, and Table 3, the nominal fabric count shallmay be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier. The average count of
warp ends shallmay be within one end of the nominal count and the average count of the filling picks shallmay be within two picks
of the nominal count.
7.2 Determine the fabric count as directed in Test Method D3775, making one count in the warp direction across the full width
and three counts in the fill direction spaced 1 m [1 yd] apart, on each of the selected rolls in the laboratory sample.
8. Yarn Designations
8.1 For tapes and webbings, the yarn designations shallmay be as agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier. The
requirements of the individual elements of the designation are specified in Sections 89 – 1213.
9. Yarn Number
9.1 For tapes and webbings, the nominal size-free yarn numbers of the yarns designated shallmay conform to Specification
D578D578/D578M.
9.2 Determine the size-free yarn number in tex or yards per pound for both the warp and filling yarns as directed in Specification
D578/D578M, using a skein length of 1 m or 1 yd for each specimen and three specimens from each of the rolls in the laboratory
sample. Several shorter lengths of yarn can be used to prepare the 1 m [1 yd] specimen length.
D580/D580M − 24
TABLE 1 Physical Properties of Generally Available “E” Glass Greige Woven Glass Continuous Filament Tape, Plain Weave
Length per Minimum
Thickness Width Pick Count
Unit Mass Breaking Force
Tape No. Total Ends
mm in. mm in. 25 mm in. tex yd/lb N lbf
ECC-A 0.130 0.005 12.7 ⁄2 24 34 35 1923 258 445 100
19.0 ⁄4 32 34 35 2681 185 600 135
25.4 1 42 34 35 3543 140 712 160
25.4 1 36 33 34 3398 146 712 160
38.1 1 ⁄2 62 34 35 5222 95 1112 250
50.8 2 72 33 34 6795 73 1334 300
63.5 2 ⁄2 104 34 35 9186 54 1557 350
76.2 3 108 33 34 10124 49 2224 500
102.0 4 144 33 34 13407 37 2513 565
ECC-A 0.180 0.007 12.7 ⁄2 24 31 32 2771 179 578 130
19.0 ⁄4 32 31 32 3875 128 778 175
25.4 1 42 31 32 5114 97 1068 240
38.1 1 ⁄2 62 31 32 7404 67 1646 370
50.8 2 88 31 32 10334 48 2313 520
0.255 0.010 12.7 ⁄2 16 21 21 3730 133 712 160
ECC-A
19.0 ⁄4 24 21 21 5574 89 1112 250
25.4 1 32 21 21 7295 68 1557 350
38.1 1 ⁄2 48 21 21 11023 45 2446 550
ECC-A 0.380 0.015 12.7 ⁄2 14 16 16 5222 95 934 210
19.0 ⁄4 20 16 16 7516 66 1423 320
25.4 1 26 16 16 9921 50 1957 440
38.1 1 ⁄2 40 16 16 15032 33 2936 660
ECC-B 0.075 0.003 9.5 ⁄8 21 41 42 800 620 200 45
12.7 ⁄2 30 41 42 1184 419 267 60
19.0 ⁄4 45 41 42 1759 282 423 95
25.4 1 63 41 42 2408 206 600 135
38.1 1 ⁄2 108 41 42 4066 122 845 190
ECC-B 0.130 0.005 9.5 ⁄8 21 38 39 1778 279 512 115
12.7 ⁄2 27 38 39 2297 216 600 135
19.0 ⁄4 39 38 39 3329 149 1001 225
25.4 1 51 38 39 4390 113 1379 310
38.1 1 ⁄2 75 38 39 6442 77 1957 440
ECC-B 0.178 0.007 9.5 ⁄8 21 38 39 2147 231 512 115
12.7 ⁄2 27 38 39 2771 179 600 135
38.1 ⁄4 39 38 39 4033 123 1001 225
25.4 1 51 38 39 5277 94 1379 310
38.1 1 ⁄2 75 38 39 7874 63 1957 440
TABLE 2 Physical Properties of Generally Available “E” Glass Greige Woven Glass Staple (Discontinuous) Filament Tape, Plain Weave
Minimum
Length per
Thickness Width Pick Count Breaking
Unit Mass
Tape No. Total Ends
Force
mm in. mm in. 25 mm in. tex yd/lb N lbf
ESS-A 0.255 0.010 12.7 ⁄2 18 21 21 3906 127 445 100
19.0 ⁄4 26 21 21 5977 83 667 150
25.4 1 34 21 21 7632 65 890 200
38.1 1 ⁄2 52 21 21 11811 42 1334 300
ESS-A 0.038 0.015 19.0 ⁄4 20 16.5 16.5 8268 60 890 200
25.4 1 28 16.5 16.5 11023 45 1112 250
38.1 1 ⁄2 52 16.5 16.5 17105 29 1557 350
10. Filament Diameter
10.1 The nominal values for the filament diameters when agreed upon between purchaser and supplier are listed in Table 1 of
Specification D578D578/D578M. The average filament diameter for the yarns in the tape or webbing shallmay conform to
Specification D578D578/D578M for the specified filament diameter.
D580/D580M − 24
TABLE 3 Physical Properties of Generally Available “E” Glass Greige Woven Glass Staple (Discontinuous) Filament Webbing, Plain
Weave
Minimum
Length per
Thickness Width Pick Count Breaking
Unit Mass
Tape No. Total Ends
Force
mm in. mm in. 25 mm in. tex yd/lb N lbf
ESS-A 0.510 0.020 19.0 ⁄4 20 14 14 10124 49 1112 250
25.4 1 28 14 14 13779 36 1334 300
38.1 1 ⁄2 44 14 14 19842 25 2002 450
ESS-A 0.635 0.025 19.0 ⁄4 20 10 10 11274 44 934 210
25.4 1 28 10 10 15502 32 1334 300
38.1 1 ⁄2 44 10 10 27559 18 2446 550
10.2 Determine the filament diameter for both the warp and filling yarns as directed in Specification D578/D578M by using 50
individual filaments from one yarn test specimen from both the warp and filling yarns in each of the rolls in the laboratory sample.
11. Strand Construction
11.1 The basis for specifying strand construction is given in Specification D578D578/D578M. The construction of the component
strands shallmay be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.
11.2 Verify the number of singles strands and the number of plied or cabled strands on one test specimen of warp yarn and one
specimen of filling yarn in each of the rolls in the laboratory sample while determining the twist direction or twist level.
12. Direction of Twist
12.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier, the primary twist in the singles strands shallmay be
“Z” twist and the final twist in the plied yarns shallmay be “S” twist.
12.2 Verify the direction of twist in each strand of the yarns as directed in Test Method D1423/D1423M for one test specimen of
warp yarn and one test specimen of filling yarn from each of the rolls in the laboratory sample.
13. Twist Level
13.1 The nominal twist in the component strands and the finished yarns shallmay be agreed upon between the purchaser and
supplier. The tolerances for the primary twist and the final twist shallmay conform to Table 4.
TABLE 4 Twist Tolerances
Tolerances
Turns per Centimeter:
From zero to 0.4 ±0.1 turn per centimeter
Over 0.4 and up to and ±0.2 turn per centimeter
including 4.0
Over 4 ±5.0 % of the specified
average twist
Turns per Meter:
From zero to 40, incl ±10 turns per meter
Over 40 and up to and ±20 turns per meter
including 400
Over 400 ±5.0 % of the specified
av erage twist
Over 400 ±5.0 % of the specified
average twist
Turns per Inch:
From zero to 1 ±0.25 turn per inch
Over 1 and up to and ±0.5 turn per inch
including 10
Over 10 ±5.0 % of the specified
average twist
D580/D580M − 24
13.2 Determine the twist level in each of the component strands as directed in Test Method D1423/D1423M on five test specimens
of warp yarn and five test specimens of filling yarn from each of the rolls in the laboratory sample.
14. Tape Weave Type
14.1 For tapes listed in Tables 1 and 2 and webbings listed in Table 3, the weave type shallmay be plain weave. For tapes and
webbings not listed in Table 1Tables 1-3, Table 2, and Table 3, the weave type shallmay be agreed upon between the purchaser
and the supplier.
14.2 Determine the weave type as directed in Specification D579/D579M using one test specimen from each of the rolls in the
laboratory sample.
15. Length per Unit Mass
15.1 For tapes listed in Tables 1 and 2, and webbings listed in Table 3, the nominal length per unit mass shallmay conform to the
requirements of Table 1Tables 1-3, Table 2, and Table 3, respectively. For tapes and webbings not listed in Table 1Tables 1-3, Table
2, and Table 3, the nominal length per unit mass shallmay be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier. The average
length per unit mass for the lot shallmay be within the interval: specified length per unit mass 610 %.
15.2 Determine the length per unit mass in tex or yards per pound of the tape or webbing as directed in Test Method D1059, using
a skein length of 2 m [2 yd] for each specimen and three specimens from each of the selected rolls in the laboratory sample except:
15.2.1 A length of tape or webbing 2.5 m [2 ⁄2 yd] long from each laboratory sample may be smoothly laid on a flat surface using
sufficient tension to keep the sample flat. A specimen 2 m [2 yd] long may be accurately measured from the center of this piece
and cut off with a sharp instrument. The 2 m [2 yd] specimen may then be weighed.
16. Thickness
16.1 For tapes listed in Tables 1 and 2, and webbings listed in Table 3, the nominal thickness shallmay conform to the requirements
of Table 1Tables 1-3, Table 2, and Table 3, respectively. For tapes and webbings not listed in Table 1Tables 1-3, Table 2, and Table
3, the nominal thickness shallmay be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier. The average thickness of the tape or
webbing in the lot shallmay conform to the requirements of Table 5, unless specified otherwise.
TABLE 5 Tolerances—Thickness
Permissible Variations, Average
Nominal Thickness
Staple
Continuous
(discontinuous)
millimetres
millimeters
0.125 and under ±0.013 .
Over 0.125 to 0.250 ±0.025 ±0.050
Over 0.250 to 0.380 ±0.050 ±0.075
Over 0.380 to 0.025 . ±0.075
inches
0.0050 and under ±0.0005 .
Over 0.0050 to 0.0100 ±0.0010 ±0.0020
Over 0.0100 to 0.0150 ±0.0020 ±0.0030
Over 0.0150 to 0.0250 . ±0.0030
Permissible Variations, Individual
Staple
Continuous
(discontinuous)
millimetres
millimeters
0.125 and under ±0.025 .
Over 0.125 to 0.250 ±0.040 ±0.075
Over 0.250 to 0.380 ±0.060 ±0.090
Over 0.380 to 0.635 . ±0.090
inches
0.0050 and under ±0.0010 .
Over 0.0050 to 0.0100 ±0.0015 ±0.0030
Over 0.0100 to 0.0150 ±0.0025 ±0.0035
Over 0.0150 to 0.0250 . ±0.0035
D580/D580M − 24
...