ASTM D4963/D4963M-22

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4963/D4963M − 22
Standard Test Method for
Ignition Loss of Glass Fiber Strands and Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4963/D4963M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D578 Specification for Glass Fiber Strands
D7018 Terminology Relating to Glass Fiber and Its Products
1.1 This test method covers primarily the determination of
ignition loss of glass fiber textiles.This method applies to glass
3. Terminology
fiber strands, twisted or untwisted, coated or uncoated; and
3.1 Definitions—For all terminology related to Subcommit-
fabrics, woven, nonwoven, knitted, coated, and uncoated, and
tee D13.18 on Glass Fibers, see Terminology D7018.
chopped strand. This procedure may be applied to other glass
3.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this test
textiles where the amount of organic content obtained by
method, refer to Terminology D123. For information on the
ignition loss is required.
designation of construction of glass strands, refer to Specifi-
NOTE 1—This test method may be used with other glass fiber
classifications, such as C or D, but a different ignition temperature and
cation D578.
exposure time may be required. In these cases the manufacturer should be
consulted for the appropriate ignition conditions. 4. Summary of Test Method
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
4.1 The organic content on glass fiber textiles is determined
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
by weighing the specimen before and after ignition. The
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
amount of ignition loss on a sample is reported as a percentage
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
of the total mass before ignition.
used independently of the other, and values from the two
5. Significance and Use
systems shall not be combined.
5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for accep-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tance testing of commercial shipments because current esti-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
mates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1.1 In cases of a dispute arising from differences in
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
reported test results when using this test method for acceptance
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the sup-
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
plier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statis-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
tical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test
specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers
2. Referenced Documents
to each laboratory for testing.The average results from the two
2.1 ASTM Standards:
laboratories should be compared using Student’s t-test for
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
unpaireddataandanacceptableprobabilitylevelchosenbythe
two parties before the testing begins. If a bias is found, either
its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles
suppliermustagreetointerpretfuturetestresultsintheviewof
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.18 on Glass Fiber and its
the known bias.
Products.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2022.PublishedJuly2022.Originallyapproved
5.2 Glass fiber textiles are provided with various sizings or
in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D4963 – 11 which was
coatings. These provide a protection for the individual fibers,
withdrawn in January 2020 and reinstated in June 2022. DOI: 10.1520/D4963_
D4963-22.
yarns, or fabric that may compose the glass fiber textile as well
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
as compatibility with further finishing requirements. The
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
amount of sizing or coating on glass fiber textiles as deter-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. mined by this procedure is used for process control.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
D4963/D4963M − 22
6. Apparatus and Materials cut perpendicular to the warp containing the same set of warp
ends or if cut parallel to the filling, containing the same set of
6.1 Reel—Ahand-ormotor-drivenreelhavingatleasta1m
filling picks, and the specimens from different swatches are
[1 yd] perimeter. The reel shall be fitted with a traversing
each taken from a different part of the width of the swatches,
mechanism that will avoid bunching the successive wraps, and
with no specimen being taken within1m[1yd]ofthe very
with an indicator of the length wound.Awarning bell that will
outside of the roll.
ring at a specified length is recommended. It is advisable that
8.4.3 For bulk glass textiles, such as chopped strand, take
onearmwillbecollapsibletoallowforeasyremovalofskeins.
two quantities randomly as test specimens, each weighing at
6.2 Muffle Furnace, capable of maintaining 625 °C 6 25 °C
least 6 g from each laboratory sampling unit.
[1157 °F 6 45 °F].
9. Procedure
6.3 Air Circulating Drying Oven, capable of maintaining a
9.1 Precondition each test specimen by drying for 1 h at
temperature of 105 °C 6 2 °C [220 °F 6 4 °F].
105 °C 6 2 °C [220 °F 6 4 °F], unless otherwise specified.
6.4 Thermometer, or thermocouple, for muffle furnace ca-
Remove the test specimens from the drying oven and cool in
pable of registering 625 °C with 25 °C maximum increments
the desiccator for a minimum of 10 min in the standard
[1157 °F with 45 °F maximum increments].
atmosphere for testing glass textiles.
6.5 Analytical Balance, 200 g capacity, readable to 0.001 g.
NOTE 2—Conditioning is often omitted in current lab practices, but
3 must be used to resolve finish level conflicts between purchaser and
6.6 Weighing Containers.
supplier.
6.7 Hood, suitable for removing combustion products.
9.2 Precondition the weighing containers by placing the
6.8 Desiccator, of sufficient size to hold the weighing empty containers in the muffle furnace at 625 °C 6 25 °C
containers and an efficient desiccant. [1157 °F 6 45 °F]. After 30 min, remove and cool in the
standard atmosphere for testing glass textiles for 30 min.
6.9 Tongs, long handle, heat-resistant.
9.3 Weigh the empty container to the nearest 0.001 g.
6.10 Gloves, heat-resistant.
Record this as the tare mass, T.
7. Safety Hazards
9.4 Identify each container with respect to each test speci-
men.
7.1 Precautions—Avoid contact with the hot muffle furnace.
Use tongs to remove samples. Prescribed safety gloves should
NOTE 3—When it is known that no ash residue separates from the
be worn when performing high-temperature [over 45 °C or
specimen during the weighing and igniting process, the specimen is
allowed to be weighed separately without the container.When this occurs,
100 °F] testing. Place hazard warning safety signs
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