ASTM C1866/C1866M-22

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of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1866/C1866M − 20 C1866/C1866M − 22
Standard Specification for
Ground-Glass Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1866/C1866M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This specification covers ground-glass pozzolans for use in concrete where pozzolanic action is desired. This specification
applies to ground glass from sources that consist of container glass, plate glass, or E-glass.
1.2 The standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in
tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. If required results obtained from another standard are not reported
in the same system of units as used by this standard, it is permitted to convert those results using the conversion factors found in
the SI Quick Reference Guide.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube Specimens)
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
C204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by Air-Permeability Apparatus
C311/C311M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement Concrete
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
C1069 Test Method for Specific Surface Area of Alumina or Quartz by Nitrogen Adsorption
C1293 Test Method for Determination of Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-Silica Reaction
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.24 on
Supplementary Cementitious Materials.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2020Dec. 1, 2022. Published March 2020January 2023. Originally approved in 2020. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as
C1866/C1866M–20. DOI: 10.1520/C1866_C1866M-20.10.1520/C1866_C1866M-22.
Annex A in Form and Style for ASTM Standards,
www.astm.org/COMMIT/Blue_Book.pdfhttps://www.astm.org/media/pdf/bluebook_FormStyle.pdf
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1866/C1866M − 22
C1567 Test Method for Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Combinations of Cementitious Materials and
Aggregate (Accelerated Mortar-Bar Method)
C1778 Guide for Reducing the Risk of Deleterious Alkali-Aggregate Reaction in Concrete
2.2 ACI Standards:
318-2019 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary
2.3 CSA Standards:
A3003 Chemical Test Methods for Cementitious Materials for Use in Concrete and Masonry (Contained in CSA A3000
Cementitious Materials Compendium)
A3004-A4 Glass Content by the modified McMaster method (Contained in CSA A3000 Cementitious Materials Compendium)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definition of terms used in this specification, refer to Terminology C125.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 container glass, n—recycled soda-lime-silica glass material that is derived from bottles, jars, and other glass containers, and
is obtained from material recovery facilities (MRFs) or from deposit, redemption-based, or other recovery programs.
3.2.2 E-glass, n—post-industrial glass material obtained from producers of glass fiber reinforcement.
3.2.3 ground-glass pozzolan, n—finely divided amorphous silica product that results from the processes of separating, cleaning,
grinding, and milling manufactured glass products to produce a material with pozzolanic properties.
3.2.3 material recovery facility, n—specialized plant that receives, separates, and processes post-consumer recyclable materials
including container glass, obtained from curbside or other deposit and redemption-based recovery programs, for raw feedstock to
manufacturers.
3.2.4 plate glass, n—soda-lime-silica glass material obtained from producers of, or recyclers of, glass products, such as windows
for automobiles or buildings.
4. Classification
4.1 Type GS—Ground soda-lime-silica glass that meets the applicable requirements for this Type as given herein. Typical sources
of Type GS glass are container glass and plate glass.
NOTE 1—Total equivalent alkali range of this ground glass type is 10-15%, reported as Na O . See Appendix X1 for information on alkali-silica
2 eq
reactivity.
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Classification
Type GS Type GE
Silicon dioxide (SiO ), min % 60.0 55.0
Aluminum oxide (Al O ), max % 5.0 15.0
2 3
Calcium oxide (CaO), max % 15.0 25.0
Iron oxide (Fe O ), max % 1.0 1.0
2 3
Sulfur trioxide (SO ), max % 1.0 1.0
A
Total equivalent alkalies, Na O , max % 15.0 4.0
2 eq
Moisture content, max % 0.5 0.5
B
Loss on ignition, max % 0.5 0.5
A
Na O % = Na O + 0.658K O. See Notes 1 and 2 for total equivalent alkali
2 eq 2 2
content ranges.
B
Loss on ignition shall be conducted at 600° C in accordance with CSA A3003.
www.concrete.org/store.aspx
https://store.csagroup.org/
C1866/C1866M − 22
4.2 Type GE—Ground glass that meets the applicable requirements for this Type as given herein. The typical source of Type GE
glass is waste fibers from producers of glass fiber reinforcement.
NOTE 2—Total equivalent alkali range of this ground glass type is 0-1%, reported as Na O .
2 eq
5. Chemical Composition
5.1 Ground-glass pozzolan shall conform to the chemical requirements given in Table 1 for testing in accordance with Test
Methods C311/C311M. Optional chemical requirements are shown in Table 2, tested in accordance with CSA A3004-A4 modified
McMaster method.
A
TABLE 2 Optional Chemical Requirements
Classification
Type GS Type GE
B
Amorphous Content , min % 95 95
A
This optional requirement applies only if requested by the purchaser.
B
Testing in accordance with CSA A3004-A4 modified McMaster method.
6. Physical Properties
6.1 Ground-glass pozzolans shall conform to the physical requirements given in Table 3 for testing in accordance with Test
Methods C311/C311M. Optional physical requirements are shown in Table 4, also for testing in accordance with Test Methods
C311/C311M.
TABLE 3 Physical Requirements
Classification
Type GS Type GE
Fineness
Amount retained when wet-sieved on 5.0 5.0
45 μm (No. 325 sieve), max %
Strength activity index
A A
With portland cement, at 7 days, min 75 75
% of control
A A
With portland cement, at 28 days, min 85 85
% of control
Water requirement, max % of control Report Report
Only Only
Relative Density Report Report
Only Only
A
Meeting both the 7-day and 28-day strength activity index is required for specification compliance.
NOTE 3—The strength activity index with portland cement is not to be considered a measure of the compressive strength of concrete containing the
ground-glass pozzolan. The mass of ground-glass pozzolan specified for the test to determine the strength activity index with portland cement is not
necessarily the proportion to be used in the concrete for the work. The optimum amount of ground-glass pozzolan for any specific project is determined
by the required properties of the concrete and other constituents of the concrete and is to be established by testing. Strength activity index with portland
cement is a measure of reactivity with a given cement and is subject to variation depending on the source of both the ground-glass pozzolan and the
cement.
NOTE 4—Relative density values for specific Type GS and GE pozzolans have been reported by suppliers to be 2.51 and 2.55, respectively.
C1866/C1866M − 22
A,B
TABLE 4 Optional Physical Requirements
Classification
Type GS Type GE
C
Specific surface Report Report
Only Only
Effectiveness in Contributing to Sulfate
D
Resistance :
E,F
Expansion of test mixture :
For Sulfate Exposure Class S1, after
...