ASTM F3618-22

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3618 − 22
Standard Practice for
Cleaning of Thermoplastic Solid Wall Sanitary Sewer
Pipelines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3618; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 This practice covers the personnel requirements, opera-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
tor training, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Guidelines, operating procedures, and recommended equip-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
ment performance/design for the proper operation of pressure
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
water-jet cleaning and cutting equipment as normally used by
municipalities and contractors concerned with operations,
2. Referenced Documents
maintenance, and cleaning work of Municipal Thermoplastic
2.1 CDC Standard:
gravity sewer pipe.
Guidance for Reducing Health Risks to Workers Handling
1.2 The term high-pressure water jetting within this practice
Human Waste or Sewage
covers all water jetting, including the use of jets and hydro
2.2 Federal Standards:
mechanical tooling at pressures below 2000 psi (0.69 MPa).
DOT CFR 49 Parts 106–107, 171–180, and
1.3 This practice covers the high-pressure water jetting of 390–397 HAZMAT Transportation Regulations for Do-
mestic Shipping and Transporting of Hazardous Materi-
Thermoplastic pipe and should not be applied to other pipe and
pipe-lining materials without evaluating the recommended als
cleaning procedure from the pipe manufacturer to avoid OSHA Public Law 91-596 Section 5
damage. OSHA 29 USC 654 Duties of Employers and Employees
29 CFR 1910.120 Hazardous waste operations and emer-
1.4 This practice applies to High-Density Polyethylene,
gency response
Polypropylene, and Polyvinyl Chloride (HDPE, PP, and PVC)
US EPA Optimizing Operation, Maintenance, and Rehabili-
Thermoplastic sewer pipe manufactured in accordance with
tation of Sanitary Sewer Collection Systems
ASTM Standards. It may also be considered for use for any
similar thermoplastic pipe products not covered by this list but
3. Terminology
with similar performance characteristics.
3.1 Definitions:
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.1 boom, n—telescopic vacuum tube mounted on a
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
sewer-cleaning truck chassis.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.1.2 bucket, n—a special device designed to be pulled
and are not considered standard.
along a sewer for the removal of debris from the sewer.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.2.1 Discussion—The bucket has one end open with the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
opposite end having a set of jaws. When pulled from the jaw
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
end, the jaws are automatically opened. When pulled from the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
other end, the jaws close. In operation, the bucket is pulled into
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Some specific hazards statements are given in Section 5 on
Hazards/Safety.
Available from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1600
Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30329-4027, http://www.cdc.gov.
Available from U.S. Government Publishing Office (GPO), 732 N. Capitol St.,
NW, Washington, DC 20401, http://www.gpo.gov.
1 4
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F36 on Technology Available from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 200
and Underground Utilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F36.20 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20210, http://www.osha.gov.
on Inspection and Renewal of Water and Wastewater Infrastructure. AvailablefromUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA),William
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published December 2022. DOI: Jefferson Clinton Bldg., 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20460,
10.1520/F3618-22 http://www.epa.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3618 − 22
the debris from the jaw end and to a point where some of the 4.6 There are a number of different nozzles and tools that
debris has been forced into the bucket. The bucket is then may be used during the cleaning process.
pulled out of the sewer from the other end, causing the jaws to
4.7 Some high-velocity sewer cleaners have a vacuum
close and retain the debris. Once removed from the manhole,
conveyance system that uses large fans or positive displace-
the bucket is emptied and the process repeated.
ment vacuum pumps for material removal capabilities. With
3.1.3 bucket (machine) cleaning, n—a powered winch ma-
this type of system, material can be vacuumed from the
chine designed for operation over a manhole. The machine
manhole into a debris tank as it is brought back with the jet or
controls the travel of buckets used to clean sewers.
tool and taken to a disposal area. These systems can be either
3.1.4 high-velocity sewer cleaner, n—these portable units trailer- or truck-mounted and are generally known as combi-
have the capability of generating variable water pressures and
nation machines.
flow through a hose.
4.8 The Occupational Safety and Health Administration
3.1.5 high-velocity sewer cleaning, n—best described as a
(OSHA) has set guidelines for the safe removal of hazardous
hydraulic cleaning method that utilizes water pressure to
and nonhazardous substances as stated in OSHA Section 5 of
remove obstructions and deposits in sewers or storm drains.
Public Law 91-596; OSHA29 USC 654; 29 CFR 1910.120; as
well as DOT CFR 49 Parts 106–107, 171–180, and 390–397.
3.1.6 hose guide, n—protects the sewer hose from abrasion
and chafing damage.
5. Hazards/Safety
3.1.6.1 Discussion—Commonly referred to as Tiger Tail.
5.1 See 4.8, 7.3, 7.4, and Section 5 for specific hazards
3.1.7 hydro-mechanical tooling, n—mechanical devices in
statements.
which water is employed to power rotational cleaning to the
inside of a sewer pipe. 5.2 It is the responsibility of every employee to ensure that
all applicable safety rules and regulations are adhered to during
3.1.8 jets, n—sewer nozzle jets are manufactured from
the performance of their duties.
different materials and jet orifice sizes to allow for the
calibration of the water flow and pressure exiting the nozzle. 5.3 As a general rule, every employee is responsible to
ensure that all activities are performed in a safe manner and, if
3.1.9 mechanical sewer cleaning, v—clearing pipe by using
the work cannot be performed safely, then it is not to be
equipment that scrapes, cuts, pulls, or pushes the material out
performed.
of the pipe.
5.4 The following items are minimum activities required to
3.1.9.1 Discussion—Mechanical cleaning devices or ma-
mitigate the hazards that may be encountered during the
chines include bucket machines, power rodders, and hand rods.
high-velocity sewer-cleaning process.
3.1.10 nozzles, n—primarilyusedtodeliverwaterstreamsto
5.4.1 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
the entire internal circumference of sewer pipes to clean, flush,
5.4.1.1 The high-velocity cleaning crew shall be periodi-
and remove deposits.
cally trained in the use of PPE, and they should use that
3.1.11 power rodders, n—a sewer-cleaning machine fitted
equipment, as necessary, to protect themselves from hazards
with auger rods that are inserted in a sewer line to dislodge and
that may be encountered from human waste or sewage. It is
remove debris.
essential that this equipment is inspected and maintained on a
periodic basis.
3.1.12 water jetting, n—see high-velocity sewer cleaning.
5.4.1.2 Additionally, supervisors and safety personnel
should ensure that sewer-cleaning activities are being safely
4. Significance and Use
performed in a manner consistent with the applicable state,
4.1 Hydrauliccleaningmethodsincludeequipmentthatuses
local, and federal policies and regulations.
water and water velocity to clean the invert and walls of
5.4.1.3 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Thermoplastic Sewer Pipe.
(CDC) Guidance for Reducing Health Risks to Workers
4.2 The practice of high-velocity sewer cleaning is best
Handling Human Waste or Sewage states, “Workers handling
described as a hydraulic cleaning method that uses water
human waste or sewage should be provided proper PPE,
pressure to remove obstructions and deposits in sewers or
training on how to use it, and hand washing facilities. Workers
storm drains.
should wash hands with soap and water immediately after
removing PPE. The following PPE is recommended for work-
4.3 There are different configurations of high-velocity
ers handling human waste or sewage:
sewer-cleaning machines. These units can generate variable
(1) Goggles to protect eyes from splashes of human waste
water pressures up to 5000 psi (34 MPa) and variable flow
or sewage,
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