ASTM C552-22

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C552 − 21a C552 − 22
Standard Specification for
Cellular Glass Thermal Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C552; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the composition, sizes, dimensions, and physical properties of cellular glass thermal insulation
intended for use on surfaces operating at commercial or industrial systems with operating temperatures between −450 and 800°F
(−268 and 427°C). It is possible that special fabrication or techniques for pipe insulation, or both, will be required for application
in the temperature range from 250 to 800°F (121 to 427°C). Contact the manufacturer for recommendations regarding fabrication
and application procedures for use in this temperature range. For specific applications, the actual temperature limits shall be agreed
upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
1.2 This specification does not cover cellular glass insulation used for building envelope applications. For cellular glass insulation
used in building applications refer to Specification C1902.
1.3 Cellular glass insulation has the potential to exhibit stress cracks if the rate of temperature change exceeds 200°F (112°C) per
hour.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulations
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the
Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.20 on Homogeneous
Inorganic Thermal Insulations.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2021March 1, 2022. Published September 2021March 2022. Originally approved in 1965 to replace C381 – 58 and C343 – 56. Last
previous edition approved in 2021 as C552 – 21.C552 – 21a. DOI: 10.1520/C0552-21A.10.1520/C0552-22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C552 − 22
C203 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Flexural Properties of Block-Type Thermal Insulation
C240 Test Methods for Testing Cellular Glass Insulation Block
C302 Test Method for Density and Dimensions of Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal Insulation
C303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Preformed Block and Board–Type Thermal Insulation
C335/C335M Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties of Pipe Insulation
C390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation Lots
C411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation
C450 Practice for Fabrication of Thermal Insulating Fitting Covers for NPS Piping, and Vessel Lagging
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
C585 Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of Thermal Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and Tubing
C692 Test Method for Evaluating the Influence of Thermal Insulations on External Stress Corrosion Cracking Tendency of
Austenitic Stainless Steel
C795 Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Contact with Austenitic Stainless Steel
C871 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Thermal Insulation Materials for Leachable Chloride, Fluoride, Silicate, and
Sodium Ions
C1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Properties Under Steady-State Conditions
C1058/C1058M Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation
C1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus
C1617 Practice for Quantitative Accelerated Laboratory Evaluation of Extraction Solutions Containing Ions Leached from
Thermal Insulation on Aqueous Corrosion of Metals
C1639 Specification for Fabrication Of Cellular Glass Pipe And Tubing Insulation
C1902 Specification for Cellular Glass Insulation Used in Building and Roof Applications
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
E96/E96M Test Methods for Gravimetric Determination of Water Vapor Transmission Rate of Materials
2.2 ISO Documents:
ISO 3951 Sampling Procedure and Charts for Inspection by Variables for Percent Defective
ISO 8497 Determination of steady-state thermal transmission properties of thermal insulation for circular pipes
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions used in this specification, see Terminology C168.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 board—fabricated sections of cellular glass adhered and together covered with a facing such as a laminated kraft paper
adhered to both faces.
4. Classification
4.1 Cellular glass insulation covered by this specification shall be classified in the seven grades shown in Table 1. Grades vary
in compressive strength, density, thermal conductivity, and flexural strength. Cellular glass insulation is furnished in the following
types:
4.1.1 Type I—Flat block manufactured,
4.1.2 Type II—Pipe and tubing insulation fabricated from Type I, and
4.1.3 Type III—Special shapes fabricated from Type I,
4.1.3 Type IV—III—Board Special shapes fabricated from Type I,I.
NOTE 1—Types not listed here may not be commercially available. These would be considered special order items.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 Purchase orders for cellular glass insulation furnished to this specification shall include the following information:
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Type and grade designations are in accordance with Form and Style for ASTM Standards, Part B, Section B8, March 2002.
C552 − 22
A,B
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements
TYPE I BLOCK
Properties Grade 6 Grade 8 Grade 10 Grade 12 Grade 14 Grade 16 Grade 24
Compressive strength, capped, min, psi (kPa)
(Capped material in accordance with Test 60 (414) 80 (552) 100 (689) 120 (827) 140 (965) 160 (1103) 240 (1655)
Methods C240)
3 3
Density, lb/ft (kg/m ) 6.12 (98) 6.3 (102) 6.9 (110) 7.4 (119) 8.0 (128) 8.5 (136) 10.6 (170)
Minimum
Compressive resistance, uncapped, min, psi
C C C C C C
35 (242) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
(kPa) (Uncapped at 0.2-in. deformation)
Flexural strength, min, psi (kPa) 41 (283) 45 (310) 51(351) 56 (386) 63 (434) 69 (476) 91 (627)
Water absorption, max, volume % 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Water vapor permeability, max, per·in. or
0.005 0.005
grains·in. of thickness/h·ft ·in. 0.005 (0.007) 0.005 (0.007) 0.005 (0.007) 0.005 (0.007) 0.005 (0.007)
(0.007) (0.007)
–1 –1 –1
Hg (ng·Pa ·s ·m )
Hot-surface performance warpage, in. (mm),
max 0.125 (3) 0.125 (3) 0.125 (3) 0.125 (3) 0.125 (3) 0.125 (3) 0.125 (3)
Cracking per 12.8.1 pass pass pass pass pass pass pass
Behavior of materials in a vertical tube furnace passed passed passed passed passed passed passed
D
Surface burning characteristics
Flame spread index, max 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
Smoke developed index, max 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
E
Mass Loss Corrosion Rate # DI # DI # DI # DI # DI # DI # DI
F,G
Apparent Thermal Conductivity : flat block,
max
Btu-in./h·ft °F (W/m·K) at mean temperature
of:
°F (°C)
400 (204) 0.58 (0.084) 0.58 (0.084) 0.58 (0.084) 0.60 (0.086) 0.61 (0.088) 0.61 (0.088) 0.66 (0.095)
300 (149) 0.48 (0.069) 0.50 (0.072) 0.51 (0.074) 0.51 (0.074) 0.52 (0.075) 0.52 (0.075) 0.58 (0.084)
200 (93) 0.40 (0.058) 0.41 (0.059) 0.42 (0.061) 0.43 (0.062) 0.44 (0.063) 0.45 (0.065) 0.50 (0.072)
100(38) 0.33 (0.048) 0.34 (0.049) 0.35 (0.050) 0.36 (0.052) 0.37 (0.053) 0.38 (0.055) 0.43 (0.062)
75 (24) 0.31 (0.045) 0.32 (0.046) 0.33 (0.048) 0.35 (0.050) 0.36 (0.052) 0.36 (0.052) 0.42 (0.060)
50 (10) 0.30 (0.043) 0.31 (0.045) 0.32 (0.046) 0.33 (0.048) 0.34 (0.049) 0.35 (0.050) 0.40 (0.058)
0 (–18) 0.27 (0.039) 0.28 (0.040) 0.29 (0.042) 0.30 (0.043) 0.31 (0.045) 0.32 (0.046) 0.37 (0.053)
–50 (–46) 0.24 (0.035) 0.25 (0.036) 0.26 (0.037) 0.28 (0.040) 0.28 (0.040) 0.29 (0.042) 0.35 (0.050)
–100 (–73) 0.21 (0.030) 0.23 (0.033) 0.24 (0.035) 0.25 (0.036) 0.26 (0.037) 0.27 (0.039) 0.32 (0.046)
–150 (–101) 0.19 (0.027) 0.20 (0.029) 0.22 (0.032) 0.23 (0.033) 0.24 (0.035) 0.25 (0.036) 0.30 (0.043)
–200 (–129) 0.17 (0.025) 0.18 (0.026) 0.20 (0.029) 0.21 (0.030) 0.22 (0.032) 0.23 (0.033) 0.28 (0.040)
–250 (–157) 0.16 (0.023) 0.17 (0.025) 0.18 (0.026) 0.19 (0.027) 0.20 (0.029) 0.21 (0.030) 0.26 (0.037)
TYPE II PIPE AND TUBING
F,H,I
Apparent thermal conductivity
Pipe insulation, max, Btu·in./h·ft °F (W/m·K)
at mean temperature of:
°F (°C)
400 (204) 0.63 (0.091)
300 (149) 0.52 (0.075)
200 (93) 0.43 (0.062)
100 (38) 0.35 (0.050)
75 (24) 0.34 (0.049)
50 (10) 0.32 (0.046)
0 (-18) 0.29 (0.042)
-50 (-46) 0.26 (0.037)
-100 (-73) 0.23 (0.033)
-150 (-101) 0.21 (0.030)
Hot-surface performance warpage, in. (mm), 0.125 (3)
max
Cracking per 12.8.1 pass
A
Physical property requirements shown are for the materials in the as-manufactured condition. They do not necessarily represent the values of these properties under
certain in-service conditions, depending on the type of installation and the ultimate temperature exposure.
B
Types II, III, II and IVIII are fabricated from Type 1, Grade 6 block.
C
N/A = Not Applicable.
D
For Types II and III, smoke developed index and flame spread index will remain constant with some fabrication techniques and will change with other fabrication
techniques. For applications requiring a flame spread index of 25 and a smoke developed index of 50, contact fabricator or manufacturer.
E
DI = deionized water.
F
Thermal transmission properties of insulation will vary with temperature, temperature gradient, thickness, and shape. Note the apparent thermal conductivity values in
the table are based on samples tested under conditions specified in 12.3 These are comparative values for establishing specification compliance. They do not necessarily
represent the installed performance for the insulation under use conditions differing substantially from the test conditions.
G
Evaluated at a small temperature difference in accordance with Practice C1058/C1058M.
H
Evaluated at a large temperature difference in accordance with Practice C1058/C1058M.
I
Single layer or inner layer on a multilayer system piping insulation fabricated in half sections has the potential to exhibit stress cracks above 250°F (122°C). The thermal
performance in this range is characterized with cracks present.
5.1.1 Type designation (see 4.1),
C552 − 22
5.1.2 Dimensions according to type (see Section 9), and
5.1.3 Jacketing when required.
5.2 Any special requirements, such as, type, fabrication combinations not listed in accordance with Section 4, nonstandard
dimensions in accordance with Section 9, inspection requirements in accordance with Section 13, or certification requirements in
accordance with Section 16 shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier and stated in the purchase contract.
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 The block material shall consist of a glass composition that has been foamed or cellulated under molten conditions, annealed,
and set to form a rigid noncombustible material with hermetically sealed cells. The material shall be trimmed into blocks of
standard dimensions that are rectangular or tapered.
6.2 Special shapes and pipe covering shall be fabricated from blocks in accordance with Practices C450, C585 and Specification
C1639.
6.3 Board, tapered or flat, shall be fabricated from blocks.
7. Physical Properties
7.1 The cellular glass insulation shall conform to the physical requirements in Table 1. Contact the manufacturer for specific
design recommendations for all material types.
8. Qualification Requirements
8.1 The following requirements are generally employed for the purpose of initial material or product qualification for Type I,
Block Material:
8.1.1 Compressive strength.
8.1.2 Flexural strength.
8.1.3 Water absorption.
8.1.4 Water vapor permeability.
8.1.5 Thermal conductivity.
8.1.6 Hot-surface performance.
8.1.7 Surf
...